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E B P o n bl
TPH/UUTb HEPBblH rO^l. - TOMT» Iť.
TOfr LX. — TOlll OOOLIV. — á /u VD**, 1896.
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HCTOPIH - HOJIHTHKH - JIHT
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Ha BacuteBCKOMi OcrpoBy, 5-a ihhíji, Ha Bac. Octp
J6 2& 1
CAHKTIIETEPByprB
1896
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2447
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IIHCbMA
a b. rorojia
OKonnanie.
XXVII *).
Heanoib .— $eBpajB 16. 1847.
Hasa#b TOMy Herfuni íbí, a necan Bani aobojbho AiHHHoe
nHCbMO co BAosemera jpyroro, eme (fcwr&e AJuiaHaro, bb cecrpt
(Xibrk. Bu ero, b&pobtho, yse nojyqHjra. BipoaTHO, bh yse nojy-
WH H CaMyiO KEBry MOK), BX ROTOpot HaXOXHTCS BUÓOpi H8X M0-
hxx nHcem ki t6mt» 6jh3Bhmt» MoeMy cepjmy JsojaM-L, KOTopue
MeHa noHimajiH h jioÓhjh, npocbtfu h s&aaeba moh HcnojBa-iH h
CKUH ftymoft H SH3HBK) CBOett Mfffe pOflHHMH JI10ABMH. Bil, MOSeTE
6htb, yse nojyHBJH h Aerara, kb* tuchto py<$ jett, KOTopaa a no-
pynurb npHCJiaTB ki Bára bot OeTeptfypra, Kára tojbko Óyxero
BunpoAaHa noa BHHra. Tucaqy uši anixt Aeoer-B ynorpetiaTe b*
ynjary npoi^eHTOBi bx lOMÓapjrB, 500 p. kb ynjiary sa yneebe mo-
ero njieiiflHHHKa, ocrajibHue 500 p. pasftiuHTe Mesjy co6ofi, jm co6-
CTBeHHun Byau> cbohxt>. To-ecTb, no cry pytijieft bcaboí cecrpi,
h abícth pyÓJieft wa MaiieHbKB. IIoBTopaio Baira bcíwb bhobb, hto
OTHOCHTejbHO jeHesHiixi pacxoxoBii HysHO (fcwiie, Yfera nor^a-nóo,
eaÓJiOAaTb ÓepesjíHBOCTb h ÓJtáropasyifie, hto(5bi yiťferb He tojibbo
co^epsaTB cawixi> ce($a, ho eme npiftTH bt> bosmoshoctb noiioraTb
Apyrmrb, noTOMy hto Tenepb Óojrbe, rtirb Borjia-JiBÓo npesxe, Hys-
*) Cm. mioe: ídhb, 727 crp.
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Ó BftCTHHKb EBPOttH.
xacon^HXCfl. Ecjih Baw> BOOÓpasHiiocb, <m> bii yae pacnopasaerecb
otohb yMHO h xo8flftHHHaeTe coBepmeHHo TaKi, saKB cjrfwyeTB
hcthhho xoponiHMx xoaafiBaiflb, h AocTurHyjiH yase TaBO& MyxpocTH,
tto yMiere qyBCTBOBaTb rpaHHijy Mesxy HMHraHHirB h HeoÓxoje-
mumb, e He u8xepsHBaeTe hh Ha ra>, Rasi tojbeo Ha caiáoe Hya-
Hoe, — to SHafiTe, qro xyxi ropxocra OBja^iurB BaiáB, h cara caiaHa
noxcBasuBaerE Báro Tasia pfan, noTOHy *to h HaHonuTflMinift xo-
SAHffb h HaHyMHifimitt qeaoBiiťb A^jaerB ohibÓkh. CqacTJHBT. totb,
KTO BHflHTB CBOH OIHHÓKH H HepefopaeTB BB MUCJaXB bcí cjtfuiaH-
eua x^a cboh, HMeHHO sarbiťB, ?to6u oroicBaTB bx hhxb oihhÓbh:
ohi AOCTHrHeTT coBepmeHCTBa h bo scewb ycnierb. Topě Tony,
kto caMoyB&peHt h He pascMaTpHBaeTB npeatHHxi nocTynsoBi bi
yCteflemH, qTO ohh bc6 yMHu: eMy HHBorxa He jtfióurb pasyMa, h
Bohb ero ocraBHTi. (Hsb oroeTOBB o npnxoxaxi h pacxoxaxi Ba-
fflHXT>, aocraBJíaeMuxB uwb JIhboio, HecMOtpa Ha to, tto ohh
Bejeeu xobojibho ÓesnopaAOTOO, cb nponycBaifH h 6e3B o($ctoh-
TejfBHiixi osHa^eHifi, Kyxa h sarimi ht6 hohmo, a o^HaKOTSB
Basy (cAtjaBinn npnÓJiHSHTeJiBHyK) CM&ry h no^Be^a htopl BceMy
roxy), qT0 Gujio bb npHXOA* bb npcuojateme Bcero roxa xeHerB
CBUine 16.000, a bejtohm CK>aa oahhb nponymeHHuft mícaijb,
mosho npexnoiaraTB, ito aoxoa* no hmšhbh) BameMy Mošen bb
HHOfi rOflB HpOCTHpaTBCfl flO ABaAI^aTH TUCfl^B. IlOJOftHlťB, OKOJIO
mecTHTííCflHi xojukho bhxoahtb Ha ynjaTu npoi^eHTOBi, — Bceocraerca
Ha Bce npoqee cjhiiikom-l 10 tucavb. Gb bthmu cpejCTBaMH, shba
bt> coĎCTBeHHoň AepeBHi, Ha Bceira roroBom, rpiXB th^betb Bóra,
3&ajiOBaTBCfl Ha oÓcroaTcibCTBa h HanojHaTb saAOÓaifH nHCBMa,
RaB*B 9T0 fffejiaJH HÍBOTOpua H31 cecTepB, H OCOÓeHHO Jaša, B*B
npoAOJateme nám jAtl cpaxy. £hbi qyacoft sem*, (Jyay™ h£-
BOTopoe BpeMfl coBepmeHHo (Sesi bcskhxb cpexcrBB, BOBce He xhb*
ua BceHB roTOBOMi, AOÓUBaa cjhidkomb TpyjHO Konfc&Ky km ca-
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3aKJK>qaeTca noqiH Bcerxa b*b Hem caMOMi,. HifeHHO, otb ysipeH-
hocth, qTO ohb yiBe coBepmeHHo orpaHHHHJTB ce6a bo bccmb h He
HSAepsHBaetB hh Ha ito JHmeee. XpaHH BacB BorB bc£xb otb
dTott CMiuiHOft yBipeHHOCTH. IIepe%THTe xopomeHBBO Bcfe BaniH pac-
xoau h npHxoxu (cb tíxb nopT> RasB hxb crrajia A^ait Jlnsa),
BSB^cbie BCflKyio BemiB no creneHH ea Ha^oÓHOCTH h Heo6xoAHMOCTH,
OAHy nepe^B xpyroio, — bu yBHflHTe caMH, tto MHoria HSAepsKH 6um
TaBia, o KOToptiXB bii h He xyMajiH bb Haqaxi roxa, KOTopua — csop-
HpH3B AJIfl BaCB CaMHXB, HMeHHO HOTOHy, HTO BU O HHXB He AY"
iiaiH kb Haqaji* roxa. Bu yBajHie, tto mhoiíh ns^epasBE c^tjaau
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h. b. rorojiB. 7
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rHjTB HapeBaHbfl, *to y bscb íTO-HH($yAB He Taní xopomo, bab
He Tasí, BaKt y Apyraxi jK>Aeft, ara Óotohh BucraBBTB He^ocra-
tokt, h (%ahoctb Ha MHorax% Beniaxi, eaqHHaa orB (aanepKHymo:
9 jK>Aefi a ) Me6eiett, asanasa {3mepKnymo: „npaaiyrB, juoAefi"),
croia, symaHbera, npHCjyra, abopobuxi jHOjeft h Bcero, mrb hh
ecTB bx jomí. He roBopso a 9to sarfeirB, vrotiu Bací nonpeBHyTb
ra qeMx-jHÓo no dTOfi toctb, ho roBopso sto sarbirB, Yro6u csa-
saxb, ito a-w rfexx jno^eft, BOTopue CMyqaiorb ce6a mucjíio jra
npoAOiseHbe roja, w> HMime hxx onamyrB bt» aasHy sa HeBHe-
ceHbe npoijeeTora h hto hmi> HetfiMi yoianaBaTB BaseHHuxi no-
jaTeft, cjíaob&so 6u HOAyMaTb npesje, bi Haqajrfc ro^a, o tomi,
tto6íi nepBtia aeebre otjojbbtb am 9Toro A*fcia, a Ha Bce npoqee
ToibKO ra TaKOMx cayqai noBBOJiflTb ce64 pacxoftu, KorAa yaeco-
BepmeHHO ofiesneneHO rjaBHoe. HHaqe HBBorAa He (JyAera TO«y,
h crojibbo hh 6yAem> yBQjiB^HBaTb aoxoax, ohi CyAen Becb pa&ie-
TaTbcs HeBBABMO, Tas* íto h cara He (5yAemb 3HaTb, ityja ynun
Aerara, h Bce nonpe&Heiiy tfyAemb Bcerja ra 6e3AeH6&BH b bi
HecocTOBHÍB hb noMO^b <%AHOMy, hh caMOMy sa ceóa BHecTB npn
BaBOH^-HHéyAb BHesanHOMi* TpeÓOBaHÍH. (IIpe&Ae a homhk), tto no
HMÍBbK) AOXOAy 6UJIO TOJKBBO ffl6CTf> THCflTB, Tenepb yBeABHBAOCB
ijtauiifc a^cbtbomx nican óoj&e, a xoaaeBa Bce Tasae HaxojaTca
kb bíihom-b 6e3AeHesbH, Bára 6uao b npe»Ae). Hítl, a& OTroHara
on Bacb Bopb Ayxi> caifoyKfepeHHOCTH kb cetf&, b BHymara Bairb
lynme Ayxt eeAOBipia kb cefó. Ilycrb jymne BasAaa H&B Bací
roBopHTB ce64: „A paacMOTpio-Ba a nojiyqme, tohho jib Bce oto
Tasí, Basi mhí Basem, totoo jih a nocrynaio Tasí Óesoma-
ÓOTOO-yifHO, Bas% mhí AyMaeTca?* & nacajii, hto6u bcí ceerpu
cepbedHO kb kohi^í sasA&ro arfecaija CBipajH cneTbi h noBtpajH
ereneHB HeoÓxoABHOCTB bcaboA BSAepsBB, h bt> bohi^í roAa bhobb
paacMOTpkjH 6u bcí pacxoAU ao MejiBqattmaxi noApofiaocreft, hoa-
BeAB B^pHElft HTOPL BCCMy 8aT&Ml } HTOÓEI H3BJ6Hb OTTyAa Ce64 HH-
crpyBi^H) bi HaAoyMJieHBe — Basi (Shtb bi aitAyson^eifi roAy. Ho-
BTopaK) h TenepB Bce 9to. IIpstfaBuio kb npBAa^y: npejCTaMaTb
ce6i b-b Ha^axi ro^a bcí BSAepsBBB^ Moryqia (Shtb bo Bce npOAOj-
seme ro^a, mo6u He bmítb hotomi Bcasaro po^a ciopnpBsoKB, boto-
pue BcerAa cjyqaiOTca cb tímb, BOTopue He jhoÍatb cootfpasaTB
BnepeAi h jíhhtcb oĎHHMaTb yMom Ben^a bo bc^xi hoapo6ho-
crax*. (QoBTopaH) Jlas* eme para: nocrapaTbca o toitb, hto(5u
npBXOAi h pacxoAi BejacB HcnpaBrift, oĎCToaTeJbrtfi a to^hM,
tímI) KaKx ohh BeAyTCfl hejhí, b 6bmo 6h acHO cítaaaHO, KOMy tt6
npoAaHO, Ha sasoe ynoTpeÓJieHie a Ky.ua, ra sasott ropo^ hjih
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8 Bucrarttfb ebpohu.
AepeBHK)). PaBHO saro h bx pacxoAaxi xoate He Hy&HO nponycBaTB
HHqero. «fl 6a seiaii A&se, hto6u rfero jhoahitb, botopuitb no-
pyqeHa npoAaaa, nopyqeHO óujio bmíctí cb tími pasroBapeBaTB
co bcakhmT) npoxaBi^OMi h pasB^ftUBaTB y Bcaicaro npoxaBi^a (pasy-
BfbeTCfl, BaEi dy^TO du on> coÓCTBeHHaro JHOÓOQUTCTBa CBOero, a He
noTOMy, qTO 9io eMy HasasaHO A&iaTb), Ha mb h saqiiix oh-b no-
Bynaera, ayAa h kb Rasia pyBH hotoitb neperipojaerb, He npony-
csaa npu 8tomx oayqaa pascnpocHTB, OTByAa h caMi ohi, h Basi. y
Hiaxt sHByra, kb qeiťB AoeraTOBi h HeAoeraTOBi, Ha qem aoÓu-
BaiorB KonifiKy a BtJHrpuBaiOTi., h kb qeiťB Tepnarb. TaBt, qTofo
paacDpocHBinH xopoineHbBO npoAaBi^a, mopb <5h oht» hotoitb pascsa-
saTB JIhbí h o 6ht4, h o otipasfc jkbbhh tíxt, jHOAeB, BOTopue
SHByrb He bt» Bamefi AepeBBi. Bci 9th hoapoÓhocth mbí osem
HysHii, h bbi hotoiii tojbbo ysHaeTe, sasaa hotom* 6yAen> nojibsa
otb dToro a«m bc&xi Bací. IIpeasAe a 6u h He apocaii Bací o
TOMTb, 3Haa, TO MOH UpOCBÓfcl He HMfoOTB HesaBOrO A*ftCTBÍfl H CSOBa
moh nponaAafiorb A&pOM*, saux BOAa, KOTopyio jibiotb kb phmeTo.
Ho TenepB a easaraH) moh) npocbóy noTOMy, hto b*b Aynrb MoeS xh-
BeTB yBtpeHHOCTb, qTO ecM Tóro h He Bunojearb Apyrie, — to y Meaa
ecrb OAHa Tasaii cecrpa, Koropaa oAHa Bce buhojhhtb h jyui boto-
pofi, a BHay, AOporo BcaKoe sedáme Moe. Ilpn aroMt upejiaraso
HHCbMO MeMflHHMBy, BOToparo saeraBjflfiTe nacaTB bo mh4 noiame,
HonHceirBero caiia He qnTa&Te:3T0 ero CBaxerb, oets óy^erb ctu-
AHTbCfl, a eMy cjrfeAyerb <5htb co mhož OTKpoBeHHUM-b bo Bceii*.
IlHmy b-b Bam Tasí nacro TenepB noTOMy, hto mh* yjyqBJíocb
HM^TB CBOÓOAHOe BpeMH, H HOTOMy, TTO BB»y HaAOÓHOCTB XOTb
CBOJTbBO-HH(5yAb BaCB yBpbDHTB KB dfbAfb MU3HU. & HHBorAa He
AyMaJii ao chx*b nopi, otoÓu bu 6lijih Tas* Maao xpHcriaHitH. SI
AyMaJťB, qTO bu Bce-Tasn xotb CBOJbBO-HHÓyAB HOHHiiaeTe cym,e-
ctbo xpHcriaucTBa. A bh, Basi bhaho, iiacTepei^Ei tojibbo bchojhatb
napyaHhie oĎpaAu, He nponycsaTB* BeqepflB, nocraBBTb CBtqay, a&
yAapBTB JiHinHift dokjoht, wb seMjK). A Ha npaBTHBŠ b bi jtfwb,
rjj.4 HyatHO BMeaHO noBa3aTB qejiOBtKy, q-ro oh*b XHBera to<iho bo
Xpacrt, bij, šasi roBopBTca, Ha nonamnuu deopz. Botb noqeMy
a HanBcaax b*b BaMi cp&Ay ABa a^hhhuxi nacBMa, HUHtraeee h
npeAUAy^ee, eme He nojyqBBmH OTB^Ta Ha npeataee, qTodu mhí
He (Jhtb sa Bací kb otbítí nepe^x BoroM-B. Ho TenepB bt, npo-
AOJiseHie n,ÍJiaro ro^a bbi He dy^eTe otb HeHfl noayqaTb DBceM^,
BpOMt pa3BÍ HSptAKH CaMblXX MWeBBBHXTb Cb H8BŠO;eHÍeMX, qTO
CJiaBa Bory sbkb. HoTOMy qTO y Meea ecTB xbjío. BOTopuifi c.it-
AyerB nosaHaTbca, h BOTopoe BaaKBtfl oameň nepenHCBB; a noTOMy
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h. b. rorojb.
cobítjio BaMi noiame nepeiHTUBaTB moh npexHÍ* DHCbMa bo Bce
npoAOJaeeie roja toki, Ka&i> 6u hobua.
xxvm.
^paHK4>yprb.—Iioifc, 7.
IIpřtxaBfflH bo 4>paHK<í)ypTL, * HameJt Bamu necbMa. Bu yara-
juieTecs, noieMy a Bací bcíxb BOSHecB noxBaJiaMH bt» noarbAHero
nacbMt. SI c&wb He 3Hato Bani aro eiyqHJiocb; OTsracrH MoaerL
6utb onoro, tto fl saMlsTB.TB b* Bací BaBoe-Hutfyxb yHume ort
CBOHXt HecoBepmeecTBi), ottocth Mošen* (Jhtb otl Tóro, hto bu
noK&aaJMi caMH b% Bamaxi nnctMaxi Kasúi-HHÓyAB xopomia qepTu
cboh, oriacrH, Moxera, h otl Tóro, mm a noiyBCTBOBaďB BHHy cboio,
nonpesHyBmu bací (aaHepKuymo: „HecnpaBeAiHBo") b* tom*, bi
qeMx He aiitjt npaBa nonpeKaTB, BOi^eme dToro npHiracaji-L
6ojii»me ijíbu BaniHMi xocTOHHCTBaM*, *ími npHnHCUBaorB apesje.
Kant 6h to hh 6lmo, ho B-fepHO to, ?to mu bcí 6uBaem (aa-
HepKnymo: „aypHu") ÓesoÓpasHu. QpespacHu ÓuBaeMi Torja, Bor^a
noqyBCTByeMX hcthhho, tto mu (saHeptcnymo: „AypHu") óesotipasHu,
h óesoÓpaaHu Tor^a, Borxa HOAyMaeMi, hto mu npexpacHu. Be3-
o6pasHue otl Haci caMHXi, — ho npacoTa Hama oti Bóra, h no
M*p* tojlko Tóro, BaBi mu npefaiBaeMB bt> homi, mu ÓUBaeMi
npespacHu. YupeBH se, paBHo Basi h cobítu moh, a npeEparara,
noTOMy hto yBwfait nojyqme csoe cofcTaeHHoe ÓesoÓpasie h no-
qyscTBOBaJix, *to mhí Heo6xoAHMl*& jiiaTB caMOMy ce<54 ynpeBH
h Aasaib ce(J4 caMOMy cobítu. IIoBipbTe, to> bto ropaajo Jiyqrae,
eciu tciobírb Ha^Heri caMi ce&k caMOMy asiate ynpeBH, a He
ozhjuitb Hxt ote Apyrnxi. OiHa bsi cecrepi mohxi csasajia, ito
cob£tu moh HysHU, ho (saneptcHymo: „apocKia"), hto6i» a nojja-
Bara hx* Bam> 6pan» h apyra, majw HeMOmb qejOBiwecByK). ^iio
vb TOMTb, 4T0 a Tenepb He eaxoatycb h He 3eaio, iwlkoB h kb tcmb
Mozen 6htb otl mcm cobítb. * CaMaa HaHMeHbinaa hsi cecrepB
MOHTB HaXOJHTCfl y Se ffb TOM*B B03paCT&, KOTOpuft BT> SeHH^HHŠ
ecrb BOspacTL nojHoň sp&iocrH yMa. Cxa^o 6utb, BCHRaa MOserB
oqeeb xoporao BHaTB kb tomi xb&o. * Hhkto He Mošen iubi
onpeAt^HTB (3aH€pKuymo: „HaMi"), ít6 HaMi HyatHo, Kaši mu caMH
ce6t, ecjH tojbbo ab4hmt> ceói TpyAi pascMOTpiTB Hama caoco6
HOCTH H BCÍ T^ Opyjífl, KOTOpblfl HaM^ flWb BOPB 3aT^Ml, HT06u
hmh pa($OTaTB. KoTopoft se aaxoieTca ynpesoBi h cobítobi», to mo-
xerb nepeqecTb moh npesHÚi nncBMa, r^t MHoacecTBO h Tóro h
xpyroro, h H3i dToro MHOseerBa BuCepen ce6t toti, BOTopufi eft
npuffqHte. Ho xo ciÍAyion;aro pasa. íloBTopaio BaMx en^e, hto
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10 BftCTHHKB BBPOHU.
othmhí a 6yjy ptáte nncaTB kb BaifB. HeRorxa sa h MeHBme npefl-
MeTOffB.
O cetfh yB^OMJiaftTe nonpeatHeMy {aaHepKnymo: „AOBOJibHo")
nonan^e. Kto jwoÓhtl noro bo Xpacri, totb He CByqaero h pa3-
jyBoft, Aa h Bpa^-B jih ecTb #m Tóro ne^OBira cjobo pa&iyKa. Bo
Xpacrfe bc4 Btffecrt, bc4 »hbh, bc& Hepa&iyqHU. Orajio Óhtb, eaMt
HysHO CTpeMHTBca kb HeMy, eciH xothmi crpeMBTBCfl apyra El
jpyry. Ho Bóra #a xpaHert Bací. OpomafiTe. — H. T.
* Ha nocjrfcflHeft crpaHHitfi ajipecB: Poltava. Russie.
Efl BucoKo6jiaropoAÍH) Mapbi HBaHOBH* IVo.ib-JÍHOBCKo8. Bz
Uojwnaey, orryfla bi a. BacejBeBBy, — h noiTOBuft nrreMneJB: Frank-
furt. 8 Jul. 1847. *
XXIX.
Heanoit, TeHBapB, (15) 8.
HasoHei^i, a nojiyrara uhcbmo Bame, noTreHHifimafl MaTymsa.
Bu, cjiaBa Bory, sxopoBu, cecrpu Tose! JJa xpararo Bac* bcíx-l
BOPB H BOpeAb. yB^AOMUH) BaCB, HTO fl UOJiaraK) OTnpaBHTBCfl Kb
Cbhthmi MicTaMi bi cpeAHffb (J>eBpajia 3A&mHflro mraifl. Bu hh-
meie o patera, BOTopyio npraecerb Bam npifcffB mo8. He pa-
AyftTecb He^eMy sapaHie. Bce b-b pynaxi Tóro, eto pacnojaraerB
cyxBÓoft eamefi. Kaši Ohi nOBejrarB, Tasí Tony h 6htb. MoanrecB
h ÓoJBine Heqero. He saÓHBafrre Tasate h Tóro, hto mu bc6 Ha
BeMjrfi crpaeaflKH, h cymecrBOBaHbe Hame 3a4cb MHHyTeo. Ecjih h
AOCTaBHTL HaMl BOFB MHHyTHOe yAOBOJBCTBÍe nOffiHTb Hejtfuiio MJJ
ABt BMr&crt, bi Bamefi AepeBHi BacmiBeBKfe, to Hy&HO noÓJiaro-
AapHTb tojbko 6esM0JiBH0 bb rayÓHH* flynra Bóra. A pa^ocTBio
CBoeft mu MOseMi tojbko ocBopÓHTb; He Tasoe BpeMa, ?to6u KOMy-
jb6o Tenepb paxoBaTbca. HoBciofly CMymeHba, noBcroxy ó&ah, no-
BCiOAy rojioct HeyAOBOjn>CTBÍ& h Bpasxa Ha mícto jiioÓbh. Hamt,
oeraeTCfl TOJibKO MOJHTbca h npocHTb y Bóra, wo6u Hay?HjrB Haci,
K&Kb MOJHTbCfl eMy o cnaceHbH HameMi. Hpomy Baci» oTnpaBHTb
MOJeÓeHi, h ecra mosho aa»e He oxhhi (bo bcéxi Micraxi, tj&
yMÍion Jiyqme MOJHTbca), o ójaronojiyneoMT, MoeMi nyTemecTBÍH.
^yBCTByio, hto h4pb cmi noMOJHTbca caMOMy. Chju moh Basi 6u
ocja6^iH 9 cepxue nepcTBO, Majo^yniHa Ayma. 31 TpeÓyio ort Bací
Bcfexi, noMom,H, saRi noraóaion^ift Óparb npocarb y 6paTbeBi».
CoeAHHHTe BamH MOJieHba h noMorme bocrpujietboi e-b Bory Moefi
mojihtbí. 3a Bce, ?tó a BaMi Kor^a-jmÓo HaHeci HenpiaTHaro, šasi
BaMt, Tasí h cecrpaMi, npomy hpocthtb MeM. Xota a h 3Haio,
qxo bu no Aotfpork AynrB Bamaxi npocTHJiH, ho Bce ofo 8tomi
npiuiHHHO bi Taxyio MHHyiy HanoMHHTB eme paax. Elepe^ otvb&-
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h. b. rorojb. 11
AOmt* Moxera ÓHTb em,e Hanaray híckojí>ko crpoKb. (Cecrpi Ojibrfi
a npocHJTb BuciaTB H3i Mockbu f.QBbviiL Ha moji eó au h Ha paa-
Aany fóxHUKB. IIhcbmo Moe co Bjroj&eHBeifb nacbMa Kt Ahh£ bh,
(Jesi combíhía, nojiyrain Toxe). Ilpaiaraio 3AÍCb Ha bcakíB csyqaft
Ha oco6eHHofi 6yifasR'6 coxepxaHbe Tóro, o tom* 6u a xorkin>,
ito6u cwin^eHHHKi CBepxi co^ěpsoMaro bi o6ukhob6hhlixt» mo-
jeÓHaxi noMOJiHJicfl. Bac* Bcfexx npomy Tarase h bi ocótieHHOCTn
ceerpy Oibry (mm Óoráe jpyraxi HMliíomyio BpeMfl h aocyri jm
MOJeHÍfi), npOHHTaTB HÍCKOJIbKO paSl Bl CepAU^ CBOeiTB 9TH CTpOKH,
KOTopuMH xorkaocb 6u Mfffe Bceft Aymofi noMOJBTbca. — Becb BanrL
H. Torojib.
(Ky.ua nHcaTb mh* nHCbMa, a Bac* HSBtn^y. QoBairbcTi jsfiso
Báro a^peci CJrfc,ayiomi&:
Rb EoHCTaHTHHonoJiB. A Monsieur le Conseiller de la Mission
Russe & Constantinople, Jean de Chalczinsky. — IfcaHy AMBTpieBiray
XajHHHCROMy am nepexa?H HaKOjaio BacoabeBHqy roroaio).
Kor#a Ďyjere nncaTb, yBfcflOMMfiTe iioapoóho 060 Bcewi. Mh*
fiyjyTfc 6ojbme, ^Amx norAa-JiHÓo, HHTepecHti tr Hysnu bícth hst.
POahhh.
XXX.
1849. MocKBa. Hojiópb.
He necajiT* ki Báro xojro noTOMy, oto Bce oauiAajrb Banraxi
nuceni*, KOTopua no ciy?aK> 0TJiy?KH Moeft hs* Mockbli roHajracb
3a mhoh) noBCK>Ay h no chxi nojKb eme He nperajw Cío^a. JI ojm-
Aajn hxi BCAKift ^eHb h npoxAajrb uhnuti lácaiii. Onacaiocb,
ttoC-b ohh BOBce He nponajiH. 3xopoBLe Moe, CJiaBa Bory, Koe-KaKb
Hxera. UoHeMHory saHBMaíocb, noHeMHory nporyjHBaiocb, no.ib3yacb
ypuBKaMH xopomeft noro au, KOTopaa o^Haso-si Hanajia nopreTbca,
a 3hmii Bce eítl. HanHraHTe mh*, c#fcsaHU m 6um KaRia noca^BH
Aepeei bi ca*y. JI nojiaraio, hto bc6 rt aepeBba, KOTopua nponajiH
kb nponuiOMx roay, 3airimeHu Tenept hobíjmb. 3a sraní A^Jia He-
MHoro, h noTOMy He jyMaio, ítoÓt* ceerpu hoi^hejihcb.
Cefircactb noJiy<rajn> Bamu nBCbMa; hsi o^Horo hsi hhxi Besy,
q-ro ero xoJUseHi 6ujh» AoexaBHTb Anoj. H. 03ho6hhihhi; BecbMa
cox&iiuD, hto He y^ajocb bha*tb ero. Pafti, ecjH bu noi^eTe bt>
KoropjiuKt k% AHApeio An^peeBHqy, ho Haxoaty HeÓjaropasyMHhiMt,
eoiH HBEtoro coBepmeHHO He ocTaneTca AOMa. Ha npHKasiBBa hh
Ha sasoro uejibss. nojosaTboa. Bu y»e crojibbo paw> HcnuiajH,
hto npHBaBHHBi CHa^ajia xoponn>, a hotomi nopTHTca. IIopTHTca
se Ohi Bcero nyme Tor^a, Kor^a rocno^a bi owy^K*. Ecsh ocTa-
Herai no BpaftHeft irfepi cecrpa O.ibra (soTopoft b*í caMOMi a*jí
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1 2 BfeCTHHKb EBPOmJ.
He^ero x&iaTb bt» KoropjiHKi), Bce 6yAerb ayqme, HeateJiH eHKoro.
Ilepe^aBie Co(J)b4 BacajibeBHi h cynpyry ea ftiaroAapHOCTb sa
BOcnoMHHaabe h hokaobi. A n<meHHOMy Ahapok) AHApeeBHqy 3a-
CBHA*xejibCTByflTe mok) HcspeHHiOH) npasHaTe-ibHOCTb, ecJH ero yBH-
nme. He nosatíyAbTe TaK»e nepeAaTb Apysecsift ÓpaTCRÍft hokjohi
^MHTpiH) AHApeeBHiy. 3ai4Mi, a* xpaHura Bací Bon bc&xi 3ApaBO
h HeBpeAHMo! — Bann> H. T.
22 Hoaóp. MocRBa.
JI nojiyqHji^ Bama nacbMa asi HojrraBu h hsi Koropiuaa.
(AýmeBBO noauuiijjb o tomt>, ito Hanrb AOCTOfiH^fimifi a noópbfi-
nrift AHApefi AHApeaTb Ha CTapoera jrfrrb cbobxi ^ojiaeHx acniá-
TUBaTB crojibBo HenpiaTHOcreil, ho npa Bceifb tomi He noTepajii
h He Tepaio Ha^esAU, hto Bon BOSHarpaAurb sa Bce. He Mory
AynaTb, itoďh chhx ero óhjtl bi Tasoft CTenenH ĎesHaAeaeHt.
Me4 HanpoTHBi bt> Heirb noKa3ajocb hto-to AOÓpoe. Ohi HecqacT.iHBi
tojhbbo tím*, hto nonajrb bt» bto sajiKoe BpeMa, Kor^a BOCHHTaHbe
Bcefi MOJiOAesH npoasBOAHJiocb ocotfeHHO AypHO. Ohi He oahhi,
MHoro-Mooro apyraxx Tasí BocnaTajocb. Ho 3to MrHOBeHHOe o6mee
onbAHeme Bina, KOTopoe He Moserb Aoaro npOAOAKHTbca. MHorie
H3i> mojioahxii jno^eft BHAflTi Tenepb h caMH, Ha BaBOlTb maTKOMl
oiyTHJiHCb nyra, a HaiHHaiopb acKaTb Aopora, ch KOTopoft ctiajacb.
9to BpeMa aojjkho HenpeMÍHHO HacTynHTb, a aia Hero tím* Óojrfce,
qTO offb, khkt* mh-6 CRa3UBajrb m> O^ecefe caMi> AyxoBHHKi, BOBce
He Tarcb vypěni bi Ayni* CBoeB, aaiťb o Heifb roBopara. JI cara
HaiBHaH) AyMaTb, He crapaeTca jih KTO-HHÓyAb HapoiHO onepHHTb
cuoa nepeAi> oh^omi. Orb nero a& coxpanarb Bóra. Tyra Bcero
jyqine Tepn&Hbe. HaAe&Aa Ha MMOcepAie Bóra h MOJiHTBa. Hepe-
AaftTe AHApeio AHApeeBHqy Moft AynieBHHft eokjiohx h ^bctbo,
HcnojiHeHHOe caiiofi npHBHaTejbHoft jiioÓbh kx neMy, bi není, a
yB&peHi, ohi> He coMHircaeTca. ByiiarH oftb 3mhjíh a nojyqajťb h
6yAy CTapaTbCfl. TojibKo He sHaio, Kára bu ee AOdaBHTe bi csyial}
npHHflTifl ea. íto se Kacaeicfl Hac^erb BamHxi> osha^híS Moero
npifeAa, to b Baifb oraTb noBtyiaio to, oto Bcer^a roBopio. CUoBa
a He AaK) HHEorxa. OftfcmaTb ne o6trn,aío Tose. ToBopio: Mošen
6biTb, npiÍAy, a Moaterb óuTb He npi*Ay, pasyMia BcerAa bosmos-
HOCTb h ycrpoeHie oÓCTOaTejbCTBTb. A ue tslkl 6orarL, hto6h aj*
OAHOro yAOBOJbCTBia CBHAama ópocaTb no 1000 pyójieň Ha nepe-
iaxb, h He TaK^ AOcyseHi, wto6u sepTBOBaTb BpeMeHeifb, BOTopoe
y MeHfl Aoporo. Mai Taní ny»HO MHoro BHA*Tb míctl eme He-
BHAaHHEixi mhok), hto He 3Haio, ycniio jih a hxi ocMOTptTb. Hpi-
txaTb kt> BaH*b a bm^tl HaMipeHie TOJbRO TorAa, ecjnói muí
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h. b. roroflB. 13
yjajiocB k-b BTOMy BpeMeHH oroothtb Mofi Tpy#B h HaneqaTan> ero,
h ynpaBHTBCfl coBepmeeHO co bcAmh uonoTaMH. Y Měna HfnpoTHBi
botl Kasofi otiuraaft oňimaTb: a r& bemi nprfefty, Moaerb óíjtb,
*epe&b rosí, a mo&6ti» 6htl, — naTHa/maTb jAtb; Taň a roBopio
BCfelTB, 8Haa, HTO BCe 8aBHCHTL He OTb MOeS BOJH, a OTb ycrpoema
oficTOflTejbCTBi. A odcroflTejibCTBa ycTpoaerb Bor*. Mu bc4 Ha
3eMJÍ noxeHbmBRH h paÓOTHHRH. Hpesxe Bcero aojishu AyMaTB o
pa6oTÍ CBoefi, a noTOirb yse ofo y^obojilctbíh CBe^ama.
O npocbfii Bameft HacneTb OjiHMniaAu #eaopoBHH HHRaRi ho
yiífoo npnjiosHTB yMa h HHRaRi He snaio, vhwb a Mory homo?b.
Bh Mse He oóiacHHJiH mhíj, Kb KOMy aojmkho oÓpaiHTBca, hto6h
oracsaTb ea coHa. Mipi Beneši. TyÓepHaTopa Hamero a He bh-
AaxB. Ohi óiwb Kb Mockbí Tor.ua, RaRi MeHa eme bk&cb He Óimo.
AymeBHO sejaio, htoÓh npeÓHBaHbe Bame kb KoropjiuKi 6ujo
npiaTHO h jja Bacx, h am ÁHxpea AHApeeBH^a. — Barat JHX5am,i&
chhi H. r.
XXXI.
nociijaH) BaMt efeMeHa am oropo^a. TojibRO npomy Bací no-
caAHTb Hrb RaRi mosho CRopte; ecjH mojrho, to jaace bt> mm
jem, Rorja no.ay?HTe hxi; HaMa^HBaTb hx-b BOBce HeBysno, ho
npocro npflMO caxHTb b«b semno. Tojbro HenpeMieHO HysHO hom-
BaTL h£crojbro pas* Ha xeHb noci* noca^RH. Micro BHÓpaTB jm
hhxi Jiymne noftuHae r*b npyay; ocotfeHHO no3aÓOTBTecb, <?to6li 6hjio
nojyqme jjia i^bíthoB Kanými, apTHmoROBi h ópoKyjieft, ROTopae
a oqeHt juo6.uk>. He 3a6siBafiTe ocoóeHHO npuKaauBaTb xotb ROMy-
HHÓyxB H3i> KOMeaTHtixT) fftBymeRi noJiHBaTB ax%; xoTa ohh ca^aTca
híckojbro noaAHO, ho cajOBHHKx sAiraeifi yBipaen Meea, tto npa
aKRypaTHOMx nojiHBaeiH ohh BecBMa MoryTb nocn&TB bi íh>h$.
Co bcéx-l eropoHi Aoxo^arb csyxH h erpamaiorb HeyposaeMi.
06paTirre Ha bto BHHMaHie h Bejrirre, no Rpa&Heft irfqyb, Hac&iTb
no6oju>me RapTO$e.iio, ecm xjritóa HeMnoro. ^a HeJBsa jh ho crpoHTb
kb 8Torb ro#B (J>a6pHKH h Apyraxi nocTpoeRi? HeysejH bi bhho-
Kypffi Hejib8a noRaifficrb Bti^ijiuBaTb rosi? OHa se Tenepb co-
BepmeHHO ryjwerb. Dpejia^BTe RaRi-HHÓyflb. B*ab He bi napya-
hoitb bhx*, He kb erpoeHÍH cwa, a kb tomx, ^tí> fliuaeTca BHyTpn.
$a6pHRaHTB ÓojiBraofi ^aHTasepK. Ewiy, ROHenno, opiarao bh^ítb
orpoMHoe crpoenie Cb ntnnHiíMi HasBameMi: ^aópnita, ho yroBO-
pHTe ero, cRaaere, ^to bu Ha cjiiAyioníift roj^ buctpoht6 eMy
sojOTyio $a6pHRy cb (JpiuuriaHTOBOH) Rpumeio, ho hto Tenepb Hejbaa jih
RaKB-HH6yAB npncTpoHTL bx BHHOKypfli b<A npenapaTLij — yw h*tb
HHRaROfi B08MOSHOCTH HOCTynHTb HHa?e.
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14 BfcOTHHKB EBPOIILL
XXXII.
S. nojiymiTL Barae ÓOJbmoe h BecbMa otícTOflTejbHoe hhcbmo,
noHTeHHifimaa h Aotípfcfimaa MaTymna. BecBMa aa Hero (biaroftapio,
eme tíojibme sa Bamn mojihtbh. 3/iopoBbe Moe, csaBa Bory, Jiy^rae,
ho KnHMan,, mosctb 6htb, npe^eTca nepeM$HHTB. BnpoqeMi, hh-
qero eme Ha btotb cierb B^pearo He Mory cnasaTB. Horšeme
Ói^Haro Ah. A. MeHfl HCRpeHHO Tporaera. Honům eMy Borb ahh
yrfemeHift b-b ociajibHoe BpeMa ero shbhh. IlepexafiTe orb Meáfl
hobjohb xotípiAmeft Co^bi Bacnjn>eBBÍ CnajOHi. (JhotfHTe bcíxx
Bací JiotíamHXt, h xpaHH Bací Borb nojospÍBaTb Koro-jratío b-l
HejiioÓBH kt» ce64, — bto se h ae bi BameMi xapairrepí. Bh cno-
coÓhu jhoóhtb aase h HejraotíamHx-B, h He^otípiixi. KarcB se
mosho noxo8p^BaTb bi qeiťb-JiHÓo ao6píixT»? Gb bthmx mosho
Bnaerb Bi tíojBmia ee^opasyMima. Orqero Bára KaseTca 6y#ro
A. A. AOJsenL mbí noMOHb? Bo-nepBiixx, a He HysaaiocB, bo-
BTOpblXt, y HerO pOACTBeHHHKH eCTb ÓJHSe MeHfl, Bl-TpeTBHXl,
Ohi caMt vl TaROMi noJOsemH, hto eMy HysHa noMomt, bi-tot-
Bepraxi, HasoHei^B, cnasy BaM% OTKpoBeHeo, — mh£ 6 li (Sh-io otohb
Taseno HTO-HHĎyAb orb Hero uojiyqHTb. CiaBa Bory, tto ohb xani
(taaropasyMeHi h sto noHHMaerB caM*b). Em,e a He noHHMaio, oroero
bbi Tast satíoTHTeCb o npiotípfrreHiax* ,pa aiTeft BamincB bi hh-
HimHee BpeMa, Koraa Bce Tasí mamo h HeBipro h Kor.ua hmíio-
rn,ift HMymecrBO Fb H^CKOJibRo pa»b ůoxbme HecnoKoeex ůijiflsiw.
CUaBa Bory, Borb caarb npHCTpanBaerb jvfrrefi BamincB: hh a He
seHHJca, hh cedpu moh ne BcrynMH bi típaní, crajo (Séitb, MeHtrae
satíora h xjionoTb. H bi btomt. Bejienaa MKiocrb Bosia. Kára no-
CMOTpHmB Bospyrb cxojibKo HeciacTHuxi po^HTeJiefl, HesHaion^Hxi
Ky^a A*Tb cbohxx #frrefi! Cepwe aposhtb, Kor^a homhcmihb, Ka&aa
CTpamHafl ynacTb rposwrB hmi nocpe#H hxi oxn^aBomaro pasepaia.
A HenpHcrpoeHBbifl ceMeftcxBa yMHosaK>Tca Cb sas^uMi roxoMi
Bce tíojibrae h tíojbme, a npaxoTH Bce pocTyrb, h sas^OMy xonerca
shtb TaKi se, naKi> SHBera ero cqc&kl. JKhtb no-apocry, mkx
AOJiseHi SHTb qeJiOBfcrcb, hhkto He xonen,. Y^epsHBaTb, yMipaTb
cetía hhkto ho yMierb, noTOMy hto hhkto He saHarb hcthhhumi
A^omi, a wb npa8XH0CTH MHOro npHxo^HTb qejiOB^Ky rtxi npexo-
Teí, o kotophxi 6u owb h He noAyMajrB, eaatín totoo aaHarb.
Gecrpy AHHy ójaro^apío sa npnnHCKy h npomy ee noBatíonrrbCfl
o HacasxeHÍn CBftsnrb ffiyewb Ha mícto ycoxHyBnnixi h He npe-
HflBHIBXCfl — BMicrfe CB HJieMflHHHROMl. MoseTB tíllTb, HpHHUK) efi
cAmahi oropoxHuxi OBom,eň; a Ha npHrjiaineHie npvbxaTB caMOMy
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h. b. roroiB. 15
csassy, vrb on Moero npi&sxa HeMHoro 6uio 6u Toray, — ecjBÓu
h moxho Óhjio npitxaTB. Bce #fajiaeTca He (Sesi bojih Boaáei. Ilpe-
tomi> HaxoÓHO cxasaTB h to, tto HS^ajH Basi-TO jno&rrca jyqme,
a b6jh3h, sara yBHAHmL to &a xpyroe, to h sto He Tasí, — eme H
noccopmnbca. (Hsxajra, HanpHMiipi, cecrpu muš BasyTca yMHHMH,
saBflTUMH, TpyAan^HMH, nojiesHUMH h fb cofcTBeHHOMi aomoboíctbí,
H KB OTHOmeHÍH KB HJflTBWb, a BÓJIH3H sasyTca npOBOAfltn,HMH BpeMfl
eb upas^HOCTH, t3Aflin,HMH no rocTflMx, ^HTaíon;eMH nycraa bhbsbh,
hjh aaHATUMH pyBoxfciiaMH jia nycraxi yKpameHifl). CfoenB Mosero
6htb, *m> a He npaBi, ho tím-b He Meeie Basaa-TO rpycn» npo-
BHKaerB mh'4 aymy, h mbí craHOBHTca Taseno. B&ajiH se a co-
BepmeHHO mipiocB co bc£mb h BH»y, ?to a MeHbme bcíai acnoj-
h*k> upjTb CBofi, npHHHMaa bi cooópaxeme to, hto mh* 6ojbme
Apyraxi Bopb aajii cnocofoocTeft h chjt» bi opoBSBe^emio jtob
nojesHuxi.
Ceerpa EjiscaBeTa HH*ero mhí He Hanncajia— AORasaTcibCTBO,
vro OHa MeHfl iiajio jhoóhtl, a a xotb cb Heft h ccopiocb, ho jiioÓjuo
ee MHoro. OÓHHiiaa MBicJieHHO Bací bcíxt* h atejaa Baiii orb jyniB
Bcero, htí> HyasHO wa flynra, ocraiocB Bcerja npasHaTatibHtifi
chhb. — H. Tor.
XXXIÍL
OtPHBOKI.
(KoHeifb nponycsa bi dhcbm*, noirfemeHHom y KyjHnia Ha 542 CTp. VII t.).
* Rl Mapb4 HBKOJiaeBHt H Bl OCOÓeBHOCTH C&IH3BTbCa
cb KaTepHHOfi BacHJbeBHOft, y BOTopofi tbi MHoroiiy Moacemb no-
yHHTbca OTHOCHTejBHO Tóro, KaKt ycrpoHTb b*b aepeBfffe jymnifi no-
P&XOkb h noffb&CTBOBaTb ÓJiaro^iTejiLHO Ha HpaBCTBeHHOCTB Bpe-
CTBftffB H AOMaiHHHXl. * XpHCTOCb CL BaMH, MOH AO(>pBie H MHJIUe,
MoiHTecB 060 mhí Bcfe. MojHTecb 060 mhÍ, Aoópiňmaa iiaa ua-
TymBa. Mhí Tenept otohb HyKHii mojtbtbh bc&xi Bací. — Bcixi
Bací Bce» xymoH) h bcími čepcem Jiioóamifl— HflKOJiaft T.
Bi ^era Banraxi HMeHHHi, iiaTymsa, MOJHJica a y Momeft cb. Cep
ria o Bacb h o bc&xi Haci. 3#opoBbe Bame h HOBOÓpai. 6ímo duto
mhoí sa oÓíaomi y ÁBcaROBiixi, BOTopae bc6 Bací nosxpaBJíaiOTB.
K*b BjiaAHMipy BÍBaHOBH^y 6yAy nncaTb.
XXXIV.
MocKBa, 11-ro. 185a
^aBHO He nojynajii orb Bací nnceMi, noYreHHfeftmaa MaTymsa.
3xopoBBi jih bii h saBi y tíaci? SI He seaio xo cbxi nopi ÓJiaro-
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16 B*craHJ£ft EBPonti.
nojyHHO jih bki B08BpaTHJHci> asi KoropjHKa wb BacajibeBKy. JI soen
KaKt atHBy, ho npHXBapuBaio óojtme »Ty 8HMy, tímt> npesHioio.
Kára bhaho, xojiOAHbift oHMaTL MeHfl npBatBMaen,. A, Mošen
<$HTb, H OTTOrO, HTO CaiťB H6 SHBemb H He MOJHIDBCa lULKl Cirfc-
Ayera. A nojyrarb MHoro on Bóra h AOJi&eErb 6u 6htb jy?me
Bací Bcšxi,, ho oth MHeyTLi y(J4»Aaiocb, hto a "xy»e Bací ficfexi.
A noTOMy HyasHo TepirfejiHBO Hecrn (fcwritapj, Rasi AOJxeoe h npa-
BexHoe HaBasaHie. McauTecb 060 mh* bcí bm$ct£ h ÓyAbTe sao-
PObu, — Barai Becs H. T.
Hflqero enje He Mory csasaTb B$pHaro na cnerb uoubwfiniz
3mhjiíh. Jio6e3HOMy MeMHHHHBy xork/rb-ÓHJio nncaTb, ho OTjaraio
AO c.itAyH)m,aro pasa. IJoKy^a oÓBHMaio saoHHO bcéxx Bací.
XXXV.
Otfhboki.
...CWCTJIHBO. IIOTOMy 1TO H yMT>, npHBUBHyBl Kb OCMOTpHTeJIbHOCTH,
sapanto otfpaTHTt BHHMame Ha to, Ha ito Hyarao oCpamaTb bhb-
iiame CHaiaJia. O, c^acT^HB*B totb, .kto MHpHTca ct> cbohmh Ha-
CTOam,HMH oÓCToaTejibCTBaMH. By^ymee HeBtpHO. Bon h Tenepb
CMymaerb iieBfl oaho nemabHoe cotiurie, cayiHBmeecH, roBoparb,
bo BjiaAHMip^ 21-ro Mas. Bo Bpeiffl xoAa ijepKOBBaro npo.iOMHJ[Cfl
moctb, Taní hto nepenuiH oabh CBfliu,eHHBKH, Hecmie hkohei, a Becb
HapoAt oópymujicfl b% ptsy. #afi Bon, htoÓu KanmaHa MHHOBaJia
dTa onacHOCTb He nouHHTe u, otb Koroparo necia nacajix oht»
CBoe hhcbmo h KorAa AyMaji oh*l BufaaTb bb KieBi»? nocujiaio
BawL AGHbrH, saHATbifl mhok) y Bacb Bt KoropjiHKi, BacejibeBKÍ h
Ha Aoporfe npe pa3HHxi cay^aaxi, — no MoeMy pasc^eiy, m> Ha6pa.TL
Ha 10 pytí. cepeó. OcTaJbHbie 15 p. c. aojisbh ocTaTbca bi Rane-
Tajn» am npoB3BeAeHÍa H3b hhx* ynjrarb wb CBoe Bpeifa cmaapy,
no Mipí HsroTOBJíeHifl BemeB. IlepeAft&Te hx-l cecrpi Ahh& hjih
cecrp* Ojbrt. Apyrie se 25 p. Ha jeKapcrBO h ijepKOBb (hbrfc.
3KAy ci HeTepntmeMi H3B&CTift o bcíx* Baeb. — MHorojHOÓamifi
Bací cuffb H. T.
XXXVI.
IIocu.faio Baii-b, MaiieHbKa, ÓaHsy ropwiiu. íto se KacaeTca
AO ehuHWby to HBaHi Ockhobh^ IleTpanieBCitift ofóniajcfl Aocra-
BHTb Baifb. Tenepb He CJiyqejocb.
Ilpomafire b 6yABTe 8AopoBu.
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b. h. rorojb. 17
XXXVII.
MocKBa, 14 ilOIfl.
CTpaHHO Met, mo bu eme He no.iyHH.m nacbMa Moero co bjo-
i&emewb AeHera paÓOTHHKaMi h cecrpb Ojibťh. K nucaji csopo
no npifeA* MoeMt bx MocRey. Ha HUHtniflee hhcbmo Bame otb*-
MaK) H^CKOjlbKO 0O3AHO, HOTOMy 1T0 6hULT> Bt OIMyiK^ H TpeTbflTO
Ahh TOJbKO npifawfc bx ropoA*. Qpomy Bací u yMO-iaio, AOÓpift-
maa MaTymsa, eme paax He xjionoTaTb h He 3a<SoTaTbca hh o *eMi>.
Bu BH^Hxe,.Bce ctpohti Bon.. ÍIpaBO, HaifB TO^bso HyaHo hobto-
paxb: &a óyftero CBaTaa bom Bosbh bo bccmx. He SHaro, yAacrca .m
Mwb nprfcxaTb Ha CBaAbÓy cecrpu, xoTb h aeaaji* 6u oieob. Oóeroa-
re.ibCTBtt moh TpyAHeHBKH. Ho nydb ÓyAera Taní,- sasx ycrpoHTb
Bon,. OinpaBbTe oaho nHCbMO RsaAHMipy HBaHOBaiy BwKOBy bt»
KieBt, noTOMy hto a He snaK), Baax aApecoBara, a Apyroe cecrpb
EjBsaBerb. — Banrb hcthhho JH)6an^ift Bacb chhx Humiaft.
Mb.iHTecb 060 mhí?
XXXVIII.
28 OKTflÓ.
Ol 6o.ibrauM'b TpyAom AOÓpa.ica a hju, .lyqaie cíca3aTB, ao-
ojuji ao OAeccu. llpojiHBHOM aosab conpoBoaA^i Meaa bck) ao-
pory. ^opora HeBUHOCHMaa. Pobho uejtfvLio a TamH-ica, upa^ep*
atHBaa oahoí pyaoft paatíyxHyBHiia ABepiju kojackh, a Apyroft pas-
CTemraeMuft bítpomt. n.iaiu.^, h bi sto Bpena yfóAUJca eme 6ojfee
bt. tom*, 1T0 HyxHO AepaaTBca paši npímaTaro npaBHjia: BtitoaaTb
ao 15-ro oaiatípa, a ci> 15-ro cha*tb Ha wfccrfc h He oTBasHBarbca
m> Aopory. Qh 1 5-ro 0KTa6pa pfemHie^bHO Bet ahh Kfummecnie.
Ec-ih h nosaseTca HfecaojibBO tchjiuxx AHeft, to ohh yse He bt>
cocroaHiH nonpaBHTB paši acnopTHBHiyioca Aopory. Eme He Mory
BaiťB CRasaTb Huqero pimaTeJBHaro OTHOCHTeJbHo OTbis^a. Hďb
KoHCTaHTHHonoja npHmeAmia bícth, ito TaMt He Tasí chokoSho,
sacraBjaiorB MeH* npasaAyMaTbca txaTb Jia bi stomi roAy? Ob
Apyroft CTopoHbi, ocraBaTbca wb O^eccb roae He Becbiia aaMaHqHBO
AJfl Moero HeRptnKaro sAopoBba. KiHMarb sAtmeift, Rasi a Basy,
cypoBX h ct> HeapHBUHKH saseTca cypoBift MOCROBCsaro. A se, bi
yBÍpeHHOCTB, hto *Ay b*& aapRÍfi BJiHMarb, ocTaBHj^ cboh) myóy
b*b Mockbí; ho nojo&HiťL, otl BHtfflHflro xoJiOAa mosho aamHTHTbca,
rscb saiAHTHibca ott» Tóro se bi sa^hihhxi npoAyBHuxi ao-
Max-b? Boiocb BToro noTOMy, qio »to HMien, ÓojiBmoe MiaHie Ha
moh 3aHflTÍa. Bootin^e bi» stoatb roAy fl BecbMa hosaho pacnopa-
AHJCa CO BCÍM0 MOBMH A^aMH, H npHqHBOK) 9T0My JI*Hb, oaoj^b-
Tom* IV.-lDtt, 1896. 2
Digitized by
Google
18 BfcCTHHKb EBPODtl.
maa moha b-b Majiopoccia. HeqyBCTBHTejiBHO a BHyiHJca OTBjíaAH-
BaTB ao safiTpamBflro aha, ?ero y mcha npe»Ae HBBorAa He ólijo.
9to caMafl CKBepBaa b ryÓHTejbHaa npHBuiBa. 3aMÍraaHÍe sto ajia
cecTep*, KOTopua nosa mojioau eme He MoryrB qyBCTBOBaTb bcío
ea ra^ocTB. Oco6eBBo ee Hyarao OTJiaraTb HcnpaBjeHie ceÓA bt>
tcmi-jihCo yse saMiraeHHOMi*, ho nysHO HaianaTb ero cn> ceroAHAm-
Hflro Rasi) a He ci BaBTpanraaro.
íejiOBiBt qyBCTBHTejiBHO cl jifoaMH HaÓapaerB ctojibbo raAO-
deS, ^to caMi He jiobhtl ce6a saÓjiaroBpeMeHHO Ha Bcfcx* Mejio-
naxi. Mosho CA^aaibca He^yBCTBHiejibHO hsi AOÓparo HecHocHtiirb
AJia Bcfexx. YBiAOMbTe MeHfl, roBopnjiH jih bíj K)pKeBHiy o jrfccí,
KOTopyft B08Jrt lapnuma; npenuio jih pa3p4meHÍe npoAaBaTB ero?
Xopomo 6u BOcnojibsoBaTbca nepeBOSKofi vb to BpeMfl, Bor^a ao-
porn em,e xoponiH. ÍIpon^tfiTe; npH.iaraio npa cewb A&a BHCbueija — kb
ÁHApeio ÁHApeeBHqy h ^mhtpíío Ahap- IlepeAaftTe horjohb mo&
omy AHTOHy, HBaay Iperop. KpuKyHeBeqy h HfcMqeHKO. OÓHHMaio
Bací bcíxi. — H. T.
XXXIX.
MOCKBI, ÍK)Hb 7.
EÍHCbMO Bame orb 5-ro iíoaa nojiyiHjr* iwb se, Basi b Apyroe,
nncaHHoe nepeA^ rbm> wb Mat. Oóo mh4 HanpacHO bu Óeano-
BOHTeCb, TaBl Se H O TOlťb, TTO MeHfl HÝBATI He TaKt, Basi
ca^Ayerb. 3to yqacrb bc&xi JiOAefl. Hesoro He e^hatb TaBi, BaBi>
CJrfiAyeTB. ^Jifl Tóro, htoÓu atBHTB qejiOB&Ba, HysHO BHA*Tb ero
CO BC&Xl CTOpOHl, a BHA&TB CO BCfcx* CTOpORB ^eJOB^Ka Moserb
oahhi tojibbo Bor*. OuioatBTe Taase bcabía mucjh o B03,íaaHÍaxi»
bt» dToft shshb. Bt HUH&mHee BpeMfl ocoóeHHO, p^ABO Bowa Bóro
osHAaen BeJiBsaa ÓyAyniHOCTB. JJaft Bon He jramHTBca TOJibBO Tóro,
tt6 yse HM*emb. Bia noTpetiy am HeMHOro HysHO. Bu AaBHO yse
He vbíaomjwjw MeHfl ofo AHApefc ÁHApeBBHŠ; nojiyqaeTe jh orb
Hero BHCbMa, h baopobi jih ohi? IIepe,nafiTe npn ceMi cjrfjAyeMOe
eMy BHCbMen.0. A HaM&peHi CAluaTB MajieHbByio nofeABy no h4-
CBOJibBHMi ry(5epHÍaMi Bospyrb Mocbbu, a Tasí Basi bc6 moh
sHaBOMue paaiixajiHCb Tose no AepeBHAMi, to nncbMa aApecyĚTe
wb Kajiyry Ha hma GMepHOBa; Offb mhí apenuierb hxi TyAa, ta^
6yAy HaxoAHTbCA. AApecx BHcraBjíAĚTe Tasí: Ero IIpeBOCxoAHTejb-
CTBy HuBOJiaio MaxaftjiOBHqy CMnpHOBy bt> Rajiyry a^a nepe^a^H
H. B. rorojio, a kb ceHTaÓpi Mican,* bhobb no erapoMy: Ha hma
EQeBLipeBa. ílocujaio BaM*b bíckojibko bhhpb, saKia HaBOHHJiHCB.
Hvb hhxx a-m Bací oco6eHHO: v O csopóaxi. b ÓojifcHAxi". IIo-
yneBia b*l npHxosaHaMi IlyTaTbi npHroAATCA h m& Banraxi Bpe-
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h. b. roron. 19
ctmíhi. Bu xafiTe hxi. npoqecn> CBfln^eHHHBaMi. BftponTHO, ohh
H8i hbxt* Bu6epyn» Koe*HTO ffisí npoiTeHia bi> npaaAHHqHue jhb.
IIo MBoraMt n,epKBaMi» h ropcuam, wTaiorb hot btoS BHBra. IIpo-
maflie. Cecrepb oÓHHMaio, uieMflHHHBa Kojio xasse. CwuKHTe eMy,
htoÓh owb nepecqffrajx, ckojlko jepera hbcjiomx npsHfljiocb hsi
rixx, KOToptia Hacaxejia TCTymsa ero ÁHHa BacejteBHa, a cbojibbo
bítl; h 061 dTOiťB mhí 6u Hanaca* 1 * Tasse h oÓhaji. cbobxi...
Ki Beft caiioi HaAtiocb csopo nacaTb. Jlnsi — Taiuse.
XL.
Oaecca. MapTa 21-ro.
Biepa nprbxaxb ^HMHTpifi ÁHXpeeBHn: cb hbité npiixajo b
dhcbmo Bame. JI nojaraio BtiixaTb Ha Óyaymeft Hexiui£, Taxi, vroóu
n CTpacTaiix 6htb bi KoropjtiKi. Ecjh noMOsen Bon coBep-
idhtb nyTB ÓJiaroDOjyHHO, to hjih bi cyÓÓOTy, hjh bt> Bocapeceobe
jotepyct jo RoropjHBa. 3a JiomajbMH jynne nonunie aomo&, rbwb
fajfce, tpo ^m. Ahj., šasi a saM&TKirb, xoqerb rose vl oxho
BpeMfl cb HaMH ixaTb bi Kfl6eHuu. JJa h bo bcaboitb cjywb, no-
MoeMy, HysHO BcaqecKH H3(%raTb shtb Ha cqero xpyraxi, xota <Sh
Aase h BecbMa fijHSBHXi HairB jroxefi. Bsrfcfly a, Moacen, 6htb, hjh
parame, hjh nosse ^m. ÁHxpeeBHqa, Bariwcb, vrofo ue MimaTb
Apyre jpyry Ha CTaen.iait, noTOMy hto jomajeft Tpyjeo xocraBaTb
1 Ha oahhb dSHnaaci, a Basi tfyjyra *Ba, to npHjeTCfl hocha^tb
h no jhk> Ha rampu, h Bce-Tasn pasposHHTbCfl. 3ai4irb, seiaa
Bani orb Bceft xymH npoBecTb Ójarojarao ocTUbHoe BpeMfl nora,
h npoca Bací nepejaTb bto se canoe Tose h BecbMa yBasaeMOMy
iBoft ÁHApen) AHApeeBHqy, ocTaocb npHSHaTejbHiift cuhb H. I\
XLI.
Otpuboki.
...wraTb bx 9to BpeMfl HaHÓojrbe Taitia BHHrH, KOTopua otaeqaiOTx
1 nopaaaDTb jymy misasi ee He ntax&, ho BUBasuBaa bcío ne-
cpacory ea. V bc6x«b npocHTe ceófc oÓJHqema h ysasaHia Bcfexx
Bamiai HeAociaTBOBi. A caMH scfex-b npon^aftre, bt» tomi hhcjíí
i Meu. — Banrb bocb H. Toron.
Moem Bubaj/b heb^pho eqe HHqero He Mory cicasaTb. Bce
tyiero 8aBHC*Tb on norox^ h šasi ycraHOBHTca Aopora. IIo xyp-
HOfl XOpOrt OTBaSHBaTbCfl H6JIb8fl Wb He BecbMa Rp^HBOft BOJflC-
2*
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20 UfeCTHHlCfc EBP011U
^ohkí, h 6e&h Toro yace nocrpa^aBinefi bi pacnyTByio oceBBioK)
Aopory nponuiaro ro^a.
Bo BCflBoifB aynai 6yAy crapaTbea npif»xaTb r-b npasAHHKaMt.
XLII.
MocKBa.
Cefiqact nojywjrB hbcbmo orb MaTyniKH. Ona He TaRi sAopoBa.
He ort xjionorb jih? PaAB Bóra, Ďya&Te npH aefi h yrfcmbTe ee.
SI cawL HaA*H)Cb npifexaTb bcji!>ai> sa BaMH h, MOJKerb 6un>, na
ABaxi Bbifesaio. — Banra Becb H. Torojb.
XLIII.
Otphboki.
...h DpocwTt: o, BpaayMH Bacb bcíxi Bon npe»Ae BcnojiBHTb rjiae-
Boe, npe»Ae Emj nocnyacBTb.
XL1V.
VIL— CTATtfl H81i 8AB*mAnifl, OTHOCJMUflM KT> A*JAM1 CEMEfiCTBEBHHMl.
3aBÍm,aio aoxoah ott» HB^asifi co q trnem fa mohxi, Ranie...
(aepastfop^BBoe cjiobo) no CMepra Moefi bi coGcTBeBBOCTb iioefl
iiaTepn b mobmi cecTpairb na yciOBÍB a^btbcb cb 64ahumh
nonojiaifb. KaR* 611 bh HyjKAaJiocb obš cann, bo &a nonBarb bIwho,
hto ecTb Ba cbítí TaRie, ROTopue By»AaK>Tca enje Óojrte bxi. Hst
6*ahíjxt> se aojhkbu oh4 noMoraTb tojibro TaKBM*, ROTopue b03t>-
BMiiOTb sejiaBie HCRpeBBee nepeirfraBTB srbsbb b CAfciaTbca jy?-
raHMH, A^fl *ero bm* cjiiflyerb noApoÓHO bxoxbtb kb o6cTOBTejii>-
dBa b nojioseflie RasAaro (JtAHflRa b noMoraTb se npe»Ae, RaKx
coBepmeBBO ero ysHaBniH: AeHbrn 9tb npioÓpfrreBb ae 6esi. Tpy^a,
a ooTOMy b He aojukbu ÓHTb ÓpomeBu Ba BOBAyxi. Bce »e iioe
BeABBKHMoe HMymecrBO, RaRoe bm&hi a, oTAaao mhoio yse AaBHo
íioefl MaTepa; ecuB-si aRTi, yTBep&AaBmit cík> jany h CA^aHHufl
HaaaAT* TOMy naTHaAijarB jrfrra, ae noRaseTca aobojeho yTBepan-
TejbByifB, to a noATBepsxaio sto bhobb saícb, xafoi bhrto He
Aep3Hyďb y Heft ocnapaBaTb ea npaBO. Ilpomy RaRi Mara, TaEi, h
cecTep^ mobx*b, nepe^BTaTb CBBBHOBa nocjt Moefi CMepra b<A moh
HHCbMa ri HBifb, nBcaBBUfl b% nocrijAHie TpB roja, ocoóeHHO He
BCRJKma vbTby KOTOpUfl, HOBBABMOMy, 0TB0CBTCB Rl OAHOMy XO-
BflfiCTsy: MHoroe nofiMercfl no CMepra Moefi jy^me. Do rootbb&
Digitized by VjOOQlC
a. b. rorojt. 2 1
Moefi hhkto m% umxx yase He HMiera opaBa npHHa&iesaTb ce6í,
ho — Bcbwb TocKyiomairB, CTpaaaymHMX h npeTepirfcBaiomHMi saKoe-
HHÓyj^b HeH3MÍHHoe ropě; íto6h aoml h AepeBM nxt hoxoahjib
CKOptŮ Ha rOCTHHHHI^y tf CTpaUHODpiHMHUS flOMl, ifbwb Ha 060-
Tajeme noir&ii^Hsa; ?to6u Bcaaifl, bto 6bi hh npilisfflajnb, 6hun> hmh
npHaarL, Bairb pojHoft h cepjmy 6jh3kí8 raiOBta*; htoÓíj pa^ymno
h poxcTBeHHO pascapocBiiH ohh ero 060 BC&rB oóCToaTejibCTBax* ero
xhshh, jaÓH yaeaTb, ho noHaAO&iTca jih kb lení eMy homo?b hjh se,
no Kpaňueft M-fcpi, Aaóu yiriiTB otiOApHTb h ocBÍrarb ero, — htoÓu
HHKTO H31 HX*B flepeBHH H6 yŠSXaJIl CBOJbBO-HHÓyAb He yT$-
meHHuiťb. Ecih se nyTHHBi upocToro dBama, npHBHBHyjrb kt,
HHH^eHCBOtt 2H3HH H eMy HeJIOBKO HOHeMy-JHÍO nOMÍCTHTBCa Fb
noMtmaqbeMx aom4, to ttoóh oh*b OTBe^eHi óujtb b*b sasBTOHHOMy
a jymneiiy BpecrbaHHHy Ha aepeBHi, BOTopatt Óhjtb 6lí npHTOMb
RH3HH npHMÍpHOň H yM*JTB 6bl HOMOraTb COĎpaTy yMHUlCB COBÍTOATL,
q-roóbí h Ohi paacQpocHJb CBoero tocth Taaae pa^ymHO otío Beta*
ero oÓCTOHTejbCTBaxx, oÓoaphjtb, ocbí»hjtb h CHaó^ajii, pasyjfHUMi
HanyTCTBÍeMT>, aohocji hotomx 060 Bcero BJjaAfcromHMi, jaGu h oh*
moimh cl CBoefi cropoHu npatíaBHTb b*b TOMy ceoft cobítb hjh
BcnoMomecTBOBame, šasi h 4t6 Hafi^yrt npHJiHiHUMx, oto6h TaBHMi
OÓpaSOM^ HHBTO H81 HXl AepeBHH HC ybSJBaJTB H He yXOJHJTb CBOJbBO-
HH6yxB HeyrfemeHHUMX.
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9,HflirB Wh KOjTOH^
TPATEAIfl CO$OKJIA
flfcňCTByiOIIIiLa JUAUJl:
dJPUTh — HsrHaHHufi itap& Ohbi.
Acraepii 3AHna.
AHTHrOHA |
HCMEHA j
KPEOHT>.
IIOJIHHHRI)— clím 9*Hiia.
TE3EÉ— uaps Aera*.
^yatESEMEU,!)— iBHTeib ropová Roioiia.
B^CTHHKI).
XOP ř B — CTapueFi.
Mícto ^ificTBÍa: y axTaqecKaro ropová Koioaa, b6jh3h Aobhi,
npejvL sanoB^ABOK) ponjeft dBMeHHx*.
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m» b* kojiobií. 23
3 a h n i> — AummoHrb.
ropojrB mei npumjiH,
*a, ÁHTHroHa?
HROBl, nOOTHBt
yXHUMi AapoMi?
EOTL mh* MeHtme,
&y a pant:
ba HayHHJiH,
, h ropauft nyxi.
BUÓpaBl JťfeCTO,
tMHÍ OTflOXHyTb,
i^Hoft pome, —
eM.
Haio rpaaciaHi,
K), pascapocHTB
B OBU, HCDOJIHHTB.
A.HTHTOHA.
SBlft, BH»y CTÍiBH
ropoAOMi BAWH.
B*B CBHmeBHOlfB ir&CT4:
iflorpaAHuxT) .1031
uiaAKOSByqouMi irfcebeirB
IMl COJOBbeBX...
la 9T0MX KaMei ahromi>:
jit* AOJirift uyTb
3innnt.
Ky, domohl. .
poha — ycaacwtfa* 9duna.
-a ysi 3Baio.
a a AaBBO.
^BTHTOBA.
AORBbl.
e ysHaio.
9jíHB*L.
Aa, W,
>PHJIH BCfc,
crpí^ajicfl.
Digitized by
Google
24 BfcCTHHKb EBPOÍlbi.
AHTlirOHA.
Xoienib,
IloftAy, ysHaio, r^t mu?
3ahiii>.
Pascnpoca,
IIO 6.1B30CTB mUtitVh JIB KTO-HUÓyAb.
AhTBTOBA.
JKaByrb, KOfle^HO. — H xoahtb ee HaAo:
)í BH»y,— KTO-TO KB HaiftT HAeil...
Csasu,
Kor^a nofijiBiEe ĎyAera.
AllTHTOHA.
BOTb OHT> 3A*Cb,
Tu Moaenib roBopaTb.
9 í HHni>.
O, qyseseMeivb,
Ycjiumajii 8 on. to 6, 4f>n cMOTpara o*a
H sa ce6a, h sa mchh, cjiinoro,
Mto kt> HaMi npamejrb tu bt> Ao6pu§ ^acb, sarfcMi,
*iri> a cnpocHTb Te6fl »ejiajn» 6u...
*Iy»E8EMEiyb.
Ilpe»Ae,
ítMi cupamHBaTb, — crynafi 0TCK>Aa upoqb:
S^rtcb 6uTb ee aojhkho ^ejioetKy.
3abqi>.
Ta* a?
Mea 9to jt^? KoMy ohi> nocBameai?
MyXESEMEUX.
OrpasAeHO saRjiflTbeMi 9to mícto:
y»acHua Coraoa s^icb maByrb,
CeiiThifl AOiepa 3eMJia a Mpana.
3Aani.
KaRi BMfl BXT> ÓOffieCTBeHHOe?
1yjRE3EMEI*l.
Uma
Mu hmi AaeMi Bcespamaxi Obmcoha^,
Ho bxt. aoByrb bx Apyraxi BiicTaxi a Hané.
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Bjiflttb Bl KOJOH*. 25
BjiarocaoBeHi a& ÓyAera moů npnxoAT>!
JI ae yfiAy OTCiOAa, Hyaeaeiieivb!
^TÓ 9TO BHaiHTl?
3AHin>.
IlpuroBop* cyxbfiu
CBepmaeTCfl.
A raaTB TeÓfl He cmíio.
Doň^y, ceaiajia bx ropo^fc CRasy,
H šasi BejaTL, hciio.ihk).
9ahhi.
1y»e8eMeivi>!
ByAb mhjiocthbt>, OTB^Tb Ha Mofi Boapora,
He OTRa«H 6esAOMHOMy CRHTajiBi^y.
íyXEBEMElI,X.
*Ito2Rt>, cnpamHbatt, a OTBiqaTb roTOBi.
3 lun*.
Csa«H mb4, r^t mu, tt& sto 8a irbcro?
íyffiE8EMEH,l.
Cnaa&y re&b a Bce, vr6 sflaio caMx:
Tu Ha 8eMji Gorora, rA* oÓHTatort
H IloceftAOHT*, h IlpoMeTeft, oroHb
IlOXHTHBmift CL He6eCL. A 9TH RaMHH,
r^Í TU CBABfflb, SOByTB HOpOrOMl H^AHlIMl,
BopoTaMH H BptnOCTBH) AeHHl,
CAaBH&fimeMy hsi BcaAHUROBi, Kojiony
IlocBflin.eHu oRpecTHUfl noM.
H ort Hero-To hmb KOJOflefin,eBi>
HacjtAOBajiH sHTejni: TaRt boto,
Bt> RaRyio seMJíK) tu npaoiejix, o, CTpaHHHKi!
3xbCb He OAHHJfL JIHfflb CJIOBOATL HT)Th Óorora,
Ho h 6jiarHMi> oÓunaeMi, h a*JK>mt>.
3ahhi.
Taní,, 3Bawn>, MHoro atHTeJieft bt» crpaH*?
^yaiEaEMEn,%.
^a, ivfejbift ropoA*B. nocBameHHuň 6ory.
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26 BfcCTHHEl EBPOHH.
Sahhx.
A kto se napb? Hjb npaBHTB csmx Hapojx?
^y^ESEMEn,^.
HirB, BTb ropoA^ ecrB ijapb, h HaA* erpaHOio
Oh*b ExacTByen.
3AHHX.
A saKi soByro Tóro,
íeft yifi h cHja ynpaBJuiiorb BaMH?
?ySE3EMEi;i>.
3oByrB ero itapeMi Te3eeiii } cuhomi
9reeBuiťL.
A MOKHO JIH OTCK>Aa
Koro-HHÓyAb nociiaTB sa hhmx?
íy»E3EMEIVB.
3aiiurB?
Tu HTO-HHÓyAb csasaTB eaiy sejaems,
Hjih cio^a no8BaTB?
3aT^irB, o, Apyn Moft,
Ito MaJiyio mhí noMom,b osasaBi,
IIojyqiJTL obi BejHsyio Harpajy.
íyjkesemeijx.
Il,apK> jih sa&tb Harpaxu orb cj*fenn,a?
3ahhx.
B4jb to, ht6 a csasy, ne Óy^era cjrfeno.
IfySESEMEIVB.
A BHaemb jh, Bára Ayqme nocrynHTb?
XOTH TH OltlTB, HO BH£y TBOeMy,
G^aeTca mhí, ito Myat tu poaomt> BHaTHuft:
TaKB BOTB TTO: HOCHAH TH 8X$CB, a a
T£mi BpeMeneifB cxosy, ho He kb Aohhu,
A kb SHTejflifB npeAMicria, a Bce
Hm% pascRasy: nycsaft ohh pascyAarB,
OcraTBCfl jh Teflfc hjib yxoAHTb.
9ahiit>.
Ciuubh, auto, ymejix jih HyateseMeiji?
AhTHTOHA,
ymejrB, OTeijx, — tu MOsemB roBopeTb.
Hhkto He caumurb: mu oahh cb to6ok>.
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dxnurb bi kojoh*. 27
dAHni — ta deMeuudam.
O, crparaHua, BejHKia! Haft#a
IlpiioTL y Bací, y nepBuxi vb stomt* Kpafc, —
Mojío: ro mh4 BpasAetfHUHH He Óy^bTe
H kb $e<$y npopaijaTe.iio, TOMy,
Kto B03rtmaa MHoro 64at>, h otabixt*
?pe&b AOJrie roja mh£ npeAcaasajii,
Kor.ua, Moft nyrb nocjrf>AHÍft coBepniHBi,
Bcrymno a wb apaft, ra* y óoraHb Bejuisiixi
Hafiay ce&b npiiorb rocreapÍHHHu&,
KoHeifb newjbHOft jkbbhb a noaofi,
H c,xkaaK>ci> BparaMTb mohitb — npo&iaTbeiťb,
GaaceHBeMi rtxx, kto npiiOTiirB Meaa.
A BHaiieHBeirB yjiapi noAseMHufi Cy^era,
3eBecoBi> rpoMX hjib mojhía: h blibí
JI B^myio npmrbTy snsy bx tomi,
*Ito, cara Tóro He 3Haa, bi 9Ty pomy
BcryniLrB, — sartirb, qTO, npoxoja CJiymfiao,
S HHKorxa 6h He sameji croja,
OrpaAaHwiMH HaB^KH orpeaBjeeHuft,
Rb BaMi», TpesBíia! u saícb <5h a ne ciu*
Ha Banrb noport TaaHCTBeHHuft a rposHuft.
O, aafrre se KaROft-HHÓyAb hcxojcb,
OcBotfoxxeHbe aaftie mhí, Óoraaa! —
Rasi $e6i npeapeftb, — kojib otaijxt, sacayauun*
<&, npeTepniwb Tania iiyan bi shshh,
KaRHXl BBBTO B3X CMepTHHXl He Tepniurb.
O, ApeBHeft Hohh cjaAOCTHHa k6th,
O, BeJMraafimift bi Mipí ropo#b, tu,
Aohboh) naJLiaxoK) xpaHBMuft,
Ha^t &THMT. npH3paB0iti dpoia crcajibTecb,
3ar6iTL, tto — npaspaKx a Tóro, hí\mt> 6h.ii!
ÁHTHrOHÁ.
Mojtch, OTei^B: a Basy, crapaKu
H^yTL cio#a, — Te6a, aojixho 6htb, amyrb.
Sahbx.
^ara, no&xeirb caopte, yBe^a
H cnpaib MeHfl nojiajibine on Aopora.
He pascnpocHBi, saiiii* ohh npenura,
fl si hhmi He BHÍ^y: 6y,neir& ocroposHu,
CnepBa ysHaTb Haiix aajo 060 Bceiťb.
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28 tffeCTHHBT> BBPOOU.
Xopi> — Cmapueez kojiohckuxi.
Cmpocfia nepsán.
Ta* ohi?
Kto 3to 6ajn> h Kyaa owb ncie3i?
Ram> oht> CRpmica oři Haet, HeTOCTHBi&niift?
Mu o6mapnMi> apyroiirb, mu Becb ji*cb oÓoíAeMi*
H OTumeMi 6e36o»Haro,
3to — ópoflara, crapuft 6p<wara!
Ohi He Hai saíihhhxi, — o, Hfrra,
Oht> 6u HHaqe boěth He nocirfuii
B* pom,y sasjíflTyio
rHÍBHUXTb ÓOrHHb,
Tixx, *t6 HaaBaBx coAparaeitcfl,
Mhmo npoxoAHMi, ÓesrjiacHue,
ThXO, Cb MOJHTBeHHUMl IHOnOTOMt,
Oms noTynuBi kx senii,
Bt> 6jiarorOB4HÍH.
A Tenepb, roBOpara, TeMHuxi flfiwb He CTpamacb,
Bi> pomy ki HHin Ohi BOinejrb, ocaopÓHTeJb CBflTUHb:
Hn^eHi, mnfiwb, — ay^a ohi> coapsLica, He B^aeiix.
9flHIÍX.
Bon, a 3A*Cb: He bha* CJiuray
Tojoca.
Xopx.
O, yaacB, yataci!
Orpamnuft rojora, erpaniHufi bh^i!
9ahhi.
Hítl, mojik): KaKx Ha sjioaIh,
He CMOTpHTe Ha MeHa!
Xopt.
BorH, B03BÍCTHTe, BTO OHfc
3totl crapuft, CTpamHuft?
dURWb.
Tóra,
O, npaBHTain Hapo^a,
Kto, BÁWb bc& mu bi 9Toň khbhh,
CiaciuraBi ÓuJTb, ho He BHOJrafc:
A He to a no aoporfc
He Bjaimica 6u cainoft,
H mohmi> ycrajuifB qjeHaiťt
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SREWb Bl KOJOHfc. 29
He CJysHJio 6u onopoft
9to csafoe *hto.
Xop-l.
Antnucmpo^a nepean.
Topě!
BtpflO, CjrfinUlťB TH pO^AeHTE, H BCK) 3RH3Hb
IJpo«Hjn>, (tfuaro cBfoa He BH^Binifi.
Bt^HtiB, (ř&flHufi, Te6a mu esÓaBHTb xothmi
Oti npoK.iflTÍa HOBaro:
OcraHOBHCb se, He cBHTOTaTCTByfl!
He bxoah, He bxoah,
IIpecTynHBt sanoBijflHuft noporb,
Bi pomy ÓesMOjiBHyio,
Uojieyío TpaBi,,
UoJieyio iipaBa h ysaca,
r^t BX B03JlÍflHÍflXT, aepTBeHHHXi
Cl TpeSBOŮ BOAOK) CJIHBaeTCfl
Meja rycTaa boj Ha.
TopeMi nocrarHyTuft
IlyTHHKx, cjiwniHnib jih nad? IIoaoďah, He crpamu
Ecjih xoqenib CKasaTb HTo-HHÓyAfc, — roBopn,
TojbRO buSah cnepBa tu hsi Micra .HaRJiHTaro.
O, poAflaa, htí> se fll>JiaTb?
Ahthtoha.
Jlyqnie buAth kt> hhmv. hx* boj*
lIOBOpHThťfl MU AOASHU.
3ahht>.
íafl mh* pyny.
Ahthtoha.
Boti, OTen,i!
3ahhi>.
Ki> BaMi BAy a, ^yse3eMiju:
Doma^me erapoBa!
Xopi.
Cmpotfa emopan.
He 6ofiCfl: Te6a npoTuirb bojih hbkto
H31 pom,H He BUBe^en, crpaHUHRi!
^OBOIbHO?
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30 BftCTHHKB EBPOIIB,
Xopi.
IIo6.iHjfie, nofaaae, — cio^a.
dAuni.
Eme?
Xopx.
DOAO&AH CB HHlťB, O, A*ByfflKa: BHAHfflb,
?to 8Jia mu eiiy He sejiaeM^.
ÁHTHrOHA.
Oieivt,
Hjh se sa mhoh) no TeMHofi CTeB*,,
TllXOHBBO, THXOHBKO, MOft MHJUft!
Xop*b.
DOKOpHCb, O, ÓiflHHft CTpaHHHRl,
H BCTynaa bt» Hamy seiMio,
Ham BpajKAeÓHoe — OTBepreH,
HaHi jK)(5e3Hoe — hotov.
#0%, Be^H MeHfl Tyaa,
Tpih, ÓorOBX He ocKopÓjav,
roBopHTL h cjyraaxb mojbho:
GnopHTB Cb tímh mu He Cyaein*,
Kto CHJBfffee nacB, avtji!
Xopx.
^l«wttCwpog5a emopax.
AoBOJibHo! He flfiJij&BO Te6t npecrynaTB
DopOPB 8TOTB KaMeHHIJ&, — CTOft 3A*Cb!
9avhi.
3a*cb?
Xopx.
Aa, h He xajiBme, He xajBine, — botb TaKB.
dXHHl.
Ctoítb?
Xopi.
MosemB cb spaa Ha KaifeHB npHcfecrB
CMHpeHHO, KaKB AOJMKHO MOJIAH^HMl.
Ahthtoha.
Bon TaKB.
Chah 3aícb, He Óofica, poAHofi, He cnime, —
Mofi mara a cb tbohmi copasMipio.
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Oo!
dAHITB Bl KOdOTO.
3ahiit> — ctnonemz, h(ikaohmc
Ahthtoha.
Mosemb onepeTbca.
Boto, CK>Aa! Csjiohu se, CíjahuH,
Ha BO&iKtóiieHHUfl pyse
T4jio erapoe tboc
Tjisro! Taško!
Xop%.
Bojih) Hamy
Tu bt> oahomi> yse acnojieH.TL,
A TenepB cnasii, HecnacTHutt,
lidi Kasoro po.ua, sto tu,
Tjt;b oTenecTBo TBoe?
3ahdx.
A <5e8i njieMeHH, Óesi po*a —
Hítl, hítb, H4rb.
Xop*.
O qeMi> tu MOJHinb?
HtrB, He Ha^o, ne nuTaftTe,
He pascnpaniHBa&Te rtó a.
Xopx.
íto cl T060B?
3AH01,.
IlpoK.iflTtift poAi>!
Xopx.
OrBfriafi!
Ybu, htó #fcjiaTfc?
KaKt HaMi ÓiiTb, auta Hoe?
Xopi.
Kto OTeivt TBOfi?
O, poAHafl,
Kára otbíthtl?
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32 BftCTHHKfc EBPOHU
AHTHrOnA.
rOBOpH, —
Bce paBHO yae He CKpoemb.
dnnu*.
IIpaB^a, jyqme cpasy.
Xopx.
íto ae
Me^jenib, crpaeHHKi? Or&taaft.
3QaeTe Jlaúoca?
Xopx.
Topě, o, ropě!
ILieMfl JIa6A»KOBO?
Xopx.
Boru!
3j.hu a
MaorocTpaAa^bHaro?
Xopx.
9to — 9ahm»!
3aha*.
He yawicaňrecb Tóro, mtí) citaxy Baart.
Xopx.
OrpamHo, CTpamHO.
Babiii.
O, csajibTecB!
Xopt>.
Mojiqa...
%o-to CyaerB, ahta Moe?
Xopi.
Ilpoqb yxo^H,
ílpoqb H3i Haraeft 3eM-iB!
3,3,001,.
Don^a^HTe!
KaKi» se bij oĎimajm He reaTB Hacr?
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8ABWB KB BOJOflft. 33
Xopx.
Híjtb, híti!
Bí*ab h 6ore B03Me3AE>eMT> tomj ee rposara,
Kto sa 3jo njaTBTL anoira: noRopHCB, ne ponm,a
H Tepna cnpaBeAJHByro Rapy!
BcraHs, He mcajh, 64ra se, CRopte 6íra,
%o6-b h Hacx He nocTarjo npoRjiaTBe!
AhTHTOHA.
rpasxaHe AOÓptie!
Ecjih OTn,a crrapiiKa He aajiieie
H ocyxuH, He BucjymaBi
TO, 1TÍ> XOT&HX OHI CBasaTB O HeBOJBHOft BHfffe,—
To xotb Meea noauuMre, HeciacrHyK).
He OTcrynjHo, He yftAy a h 6yay mojbtb, —
He sa ceóa, sa oma Moero OAHHORaro!
JI He cjr&miMH rjrasaiiH CMOTpro Bára wl nasa,
He aaa* qysaa, — mkí aoib
EAHHopoABaa!
CasajiBTecB! HoMHJiyfiTe!
ByABTe, mbí 6oni: CRopÓamaro
Mbjoctek) ^yAHoft oópaxyfiTe!
Bcbwb 3aKJiHHaK> bscl, bcímx, ití> bu jiioÓHTe:
GsaBoft, OTeqecTBOMX, HeÓOMt, aítlmh!
JIioah, noAyMailTe,
r^i ate TaKoft qeJOBtK-B, kto 6h mofb ycTOaTB,
Ecjih .BjesyrB ero (fora k*b npecrynnoMy?
Xofb.
06ohxt> Bací aajiieiTB, aoib d^Hna!
Ho Basi se 6htb? y»aceHi thíbi* 6oroBi,
H HamHXi) aiOBt met hsmšhhtb He MoseifE.
Sahhi.
ítO hojibsh jiíOAaM-B wb jiorhhx* noxBMaxi,
Kor^a noxB&ra A^a bxi hcaoctoíhm?
BOTB rOBOpflTB: BT> AoHHaXl HTyTB 6oroBi,
HaXOAHTL 3A*CB npííOrB rOHHMÉlft CTpaHHHRl.
Ho Ha ce6i a dToro He BH»y:
ÍIocjri>ABaro y6t»Hma jihidhbi,
Bu roHHTe MeHa, 6ohcb jhihb sBVRa,
He jAjhb mohxi, a hmohh, sartiifc,
Ito nocrpaA&ra a Óojrfce, y&mi ga^u&hb, —
Ton IV.— Idib, 1896. 3
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34 / BftCTHHKB EBPOHH.
Ys* ecjiH to cyaeTB, b*b leMi BHHOBara
BL npejx otijom* h Maieptio Moeft,
H Hib Tasoft Bani CTpax*B BHymaerb, jíoahI
Teneps Bce 8to acHO au MeHa:
KaK* mopb a 6utl npecryneuMi., CA&iaB* to,
ítí) h co mhoh) c#fcjaiH apyrie?
Ho ecjiafiu a jase cosHaisajrB
BHHy mok), — to He 6un 611 BHHOBero.
A a bíai> mejii, He SHaa cam, Ryja, —
T4, ora Koro a niÓHy sto 8h&ih.
Bóra noieMy, o, rpas^aHe, mojk>,
Teneps, Korxa a Biímar* k& BaMi, onačme
H otb KomyHCTBa yjepsara MeHa,
Bii caMH He KomyHCTByfiTe: B*jb 6orn
H SJIUX 1 *, H AOÓpUXX BHJflri Ha 8eMJT6,
H hítb on hhxx cnaceHia HenecTHBuiťB.
He OMpaiaftoe se CBaroxi Aohbx
HeAoópuMX rfuiOMi, past yse npeHaro
Mojianjaro, noB^pHBmaro Kiamm, —
IIoMHjyĚTe, cnacHTe jo kohip,
Cjiinuxx mobxi oqefi He npesupaftTe,
He ysacafiTecs cKop(faaro Jima!
Bijt huh* kb BaMt, CMToft h (taaroxaTHui,
SL CB pa^OCTHOK) B&CTBK) HpHXOSy:
Hoisa Banrt i*apB 061 otomi He ysHaero,
MeHa, o, CTapn,u, He roHHTe npo%!
Xopx.
Hain> BasyTca ciOBa tboh, S^hdx,
Pa8yMHHMH 9 h miero He nosem
Mu BOspasHTL; xothmt> jihihb OAHoro:
ítoób 060 BceirB ysH&ra Hanu noBejiHreu.
A rji SHBero okb?
Xopx.
Bi ropcn* omoBTb,
Bi AoHHaxt, — mu sa hhmt, yse nocaajH
TorO, KTO BtCTb npHHeCL HaMTb o Teto.
dftHHl.
CKasHTe, sara Banx xaserca: Cďíraoro
Uovtvn jih ijapb, npiuera m ohi croja?
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dABHb Bh KOJlOHft. 35
Xopt>.
O, *a, npExero, TBoe ycJnimaBi hmb.
3ahhx.
A ort Koro ohi SHaerb?
Xopt>.
IlyTB AajeKx,
Ho crpaHBHKH BesA* MOJBy paseocarL.
On hhxx ohi cjmraajix o TeÓí: noBipb,
Oht> 6yAert sa^cb. Tasx mhofo ofo 3ahh$
Bc4 roBOpara, *to ecaufo /jase ijapt
H nowBajrb, ycJiEimaBi 9to umu,
He MeAJfi Óh Ohi kx Ham npHinejii cioja.
3ahhx.
^a ÓyxerB se npirxoA* ero Ha pajom
U coÓCTBÓHHOft aeMJii ero, u mh*:
Kto MyApx, totl cara cetffc aeaaeTfc 6aara.
ÁHTHrOHA.
O, 6oteI ítí) citasaTb mh4, ití> noAyMara,
POAHMfifi?..
dXHDl.
ít6, ahw?
ÁHTHrOHA.
ď BHsy: i^eri)
Ki Hain seHH^HHa Ha »epe6i$ 9TBÍftcK0in>.
3amHmeHa on coJHija rojOBa
IHnpoKoft T*HbK) nuranu eeccajiiftcsofi.
OHa!..
Hjb hítb? y»eJB oÓMaHUBaeTL sptabe?
H Aa, h H*ra! O, ropě! %í> cKasaTb,
He 3HaH>...
OHa! OHa! Hhbto Apyroft, — iíitb úinse,
Tím* jacKOBte Bsopi ea oiež:
A y8Haio jbh.0 Moeft HciieHu!
3ahdí.
ít6 roBopHfflb!
ÁHTHrOHA.
JI BHsy AO^b tboio:
Cefiiact ee no rojiocy ysHaemb.
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36 BftCFHHKB EBPOIIU.
HCMEHA.
O, MHjiaa! OTen,i>, cecrpaMOfl,
KaRi aojiro * HCRajia h eskt. Óojbho
Bac* bhjítb bhobb bi TaBHxi crpaflaHBaxi!
Th-jib bto, aoib Moa?
HCMEHA.
Th-jb,
Upanija so mh4..
O, o6hhmh »e...
Qreiji Mofi (5ÍAHuft!
3#hhx.
HOMEHA.
H ipy^era óujcb Moft nyTB.
Ho meh a — oÓHUMan dduna u Aumu-
OHXl Bii
3ahhx.
BaeB o6ohxt> bbiíctí!
^hta iioe!
HCMEHA.
O ropecTHaa sH8Hb!
3aho^.
He npaBXft jih?!
HCMEHA.
Bci Tpoe mu HecnacTHLi.
3atf*Mx npHnua, poAHaa?
HCMEHA.
#m Te&i.
SflHnt.
CocBymiacb?
HOMEHA.
H bícth npHHecaa.
BOTt BTOTB BtpHHft pafo H8T> BCtxi AOMaiHHHXl
BíWl CnyTHHROMl eAHHCTBeHHUMl MOHMt.
A ttí) se ÓpaíM?
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8AHITB BB KOJOHfe. 37
HCMEHA.
Hmb He ao xeóa:
y hhxb b*b AOMy ysacHoe tbophtch.
3flHITB.
O, KaK*b ohh noxoara Ha erHimmi.
OÓuqaeMB h HpaBOMB, h6o Tam,
BHyTpH AOMOBX CHA3TB My«H sa npsjncoft,
A seHH hxb patíoTaiorL bb no-iax*.
Tasí t6, Koiiy 6bi aojsho 6htb co mhoío,
Chaatb vb AOMy, KaKL AircymitB, a bh
OrpaAaeTe sa hhxb cb OTijoirB HecHacTHUMi.
O^Ha h3*b Bací, eABa He cb aítcrhxx jiítb,
EíBa jhhib rkio A*BHqBe ORpimio, —
y»B ÓpOAHTB BCK)Ay, BOAHTB CTapHKa
Galraoro, HHm.aro, h crojbro pa3B
CjyraaocB eft, roJOAHOft, 6ocoHoroft,
Bb hoto no Jiicy AHROMy ÓjyamaTB,
ÍIoax jexflHUMB AOSAeui hjb sryqaMB cojiHijeMB
HsHeMOraTB, — h He rpycTHTB o aom*
H TepnHTB Bce, hto&b HaKopifHTB OTn,a!
A tu, HcMeaa, TafiHO otb RaAMeaHB,
Haux npHHeaaa npopo^ecRyio bíctb
O tostb, htí> cysA^HO OTIty, H B$pHOft
3amHTHHijeB HsraaHHHRy 6íwa.
Tenepb se bhobb cb RaROfi npnxoAuniB bIjctbk),
3aiÍMt tu aomtb nosHHyjia, CKaate?
XL nyBCTByio, ito ri HaifB 9 auta, He A&poifb
H ne ÓeffB ropBROtt bícth tu npmnjia.
HCMEHA.
%6 BUHecaa noKa xe6a HCRajia, —
O TtrB cRopÓax* He 6yAy roBopHTB,
*Ito<$b He Tepir&TB hxb flBaawj, BcnoMHBaa.
A npHHecia te&k a bíctb o towb,
íto cuHOBBfl Hexotfpoe totobatb:
CnepBa ohh xotíjih ycrynaTB
KpeoHy BjacTB, *to6b He HaBaeiB Ha Orbu
dpoBJATÚi, qií) HSApeBJíe HamB aomi
IIpecjiiAyerB 6ijo& HeoTBpaiHMOfi,
Ho CRopo yirB hxx sjioIí hjb Pokb b*b cepwa
B-ioxBJB pasAopB, h 6paT ř L BOBCTajiB Ha 6paia,
H óopioTca, HecsacTHBie, sa BJiacTL,
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38 raoíHim ebpoihi.
Yat crapinaro jhiiih.ii npecmia MjaAmiS,
Hai AOMa OT^aro HsrHaBi, a totb —
TmcBTb moibe — tifauuub b* rjyÓORift Aproct,
ToBapHn^eft-BOHTejiefi coópajx,
BcryDBj-L bx coiosi h ABijHyjca Ha Ohbu:
PaBHHHy KaxMa Aprora noftbAHr*,
Hib, naBi kb tfoio, BparairB japyerx caaBy.
GaoBa moh — HesByra nycroft, a npaBfta
yatacHřw! Korja se Ha** toCoS,
Oxei^ moíI, 6orn c&ajfiTCH, — He 3Haio.
A pase* th HajtfuijacB, hto (fora
RorAa-HHÓyA^ noMHjyiora Mera?
HCMEBA.
O, *a! — cyja no hobhmt, npopHíjaHi>jjin>.
3ahiii.
A no sasHiii? h tt6 ohh nacan?
HCMEHA.
íto HÍBorja OHBaHipi noffieaaiorB
Bt, ore^ecTBo d^nna BOSBpaTHTb
SÍHBUITL MB MepTBUMl,.
3ahhi.
A Ha <ito hmi HyseHi
Tasoft, Kaši a?
HCMEHA.
IIpexpeRi xeJB^ificsift (fora,
íto JBmb bi Te64 hxi craa h Hájena.
Rasas CHja b*l tomi, Koro yai híti?
HCMEHA.
CpasHJiH (fora, 6ora a noAuifyro.
3AHDX.
He aosAHO jih hmt> crapija noAHMaTb?
HOMEBA.
Tasí BHafi, OTei^s, — KpeoHi sxbcb ÓyAera CRopo.
Ohi sa To6oft opajero.
KpeoHt? 3a<rfeMt?
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ODBITI Kb ROJOH*. 39
HCMEHA.
Te&i xotatl 6jh3i, KaffiOBOfi seiun
QoXOpOHHTb, HTOÓU y HHXl BO RJaCTH
Tu 6iui Bcerja, ho fl seiuio He BCTymuii.
r, ecjra 6y*y
?
HCMEHA.
08HTL TBOfl MOIUja.
M02BHO 6U nOHflTL,
HOMEHA.
p jKejaiorb
BepHyrb,
jacra Haj* co6oh).
iMJieK) Ohbx?
HCMEHA.
fTb Toft seiueK),
ui spoBB OTn,a.
Sahui.
> Moft npaxx bo bíbh!
HCMEHA.
era hxx Óifla.
9jhiix.
Ití) cjyiHTca?
HCMEHA.
>, TBO& n03AHÍft rHÍBl,
UHOBbfl TBOH
HafUemb npirorB nocrfw
9ahiit>.
aaa?
Hcmeha.
On tíxx,
xpam ^ejn»(|)iftcKÍ& kb 60
Digitized by
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40 v BftCTHHKI EBPOnU.
9ahhi.
II Bce 3to npe^peKt hitb Ahoaiohi?
HCMEHA.
TaEi roBopara, rto orb Hero BepHyjica.
9ahh%.
A KTO-HUÓyAB H31 CHHOBefi MOHXT,
Ysi 3HaerL jih ofo otomt*?
HCMEHA.
06a 3HaH)Tx.
9ahhi.
H Bce-TaKH, 3a6tiBX JK>6oBb, othoitb,
npespiHBtftinie, aepTByiora m^ BJiacra?
Hcmeha.
CoSHaTBCfl ÓOJILHO MHÍ, — BO BTO TaRl.
9ahii , b.
TaEi nyerb eme CHJibHift pasftyiOTb 6ora
OroBb spasmu, — ja ÓyAera cya^eHO
Mei oAflOMy oROHMTb 9Ty ÓHTBy,
Ta^ hhhí óparc* Ha 6paTa noAflajii, Mew,
H a& na^erb CBAamift Ha npecTOJrfe,
A H8raaHHuft a& ne BepHeTca bhobl!
OwjBk OHH Bfc Ótjvfe He SaiI^HTHJlH,
Ol 6e3qecrieMi hosbojihjih nporHaTb
Tóro, kto asBBHb hitb AftJTb, h 6 Li jih paAM,
Kor.ua a, bcímh npoRjaTtiii, 64»aďb!
H.ib CKa»eTe, ohh Měna HsreajiH
JIbidb noTOMy, to> a npocfljii o tomx?
Ho hítl, HenpaBAa: h6o b-b nepBuft achb,
Kor^a bo mh* Aynia eme ropiuia,
H 6ujío 6u OTpaAuie Bcero
Mhí yiiepeTb, hoóhtumx 6mtl RaMoaMH,
Bb TOTB A^Hb Měna hhkto He nosa.iijrB
H Moero memuhn He vcuojieuj\t>.
A JiHnib noTOMt, Rasi npHTynajiocb ropě,
H noHajix a, wo npeBEimaeTB KasHb
HeBO^bHyH) BHay mok) fiesif&pHO, —
TorAa ohb piniHJiH, HaROHei^b,
HarHaTb Meea. u cuaoBba MorjiH 6u
ITomohl onjy, — MorjH h He xóW&jih,
He mo^bmjih hh caoBa, notepniBt,
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dfjim vb kojioh*. 41
TItuób Ha qyatÓHHi a cKBTaaca hh^hicb,
ÍTO(ÍB BCe Hlrfurb OTl 9THXT, CJa6íJLXl> a^bi.
HecqacTHtui, — jatcrt omy, vro Moryra:
H KpoBx, h xjrb&b HacymHuĚ, jhoÓobb!
A t&, MyatH, oma npesptB^, MeiTaiOTO
D,apflMH (Shtb, jiioabmh noBej^BaTb!
Ho noMonjR Moet hatb ne AoawaTBca,
Haďbxbe Kaaita kb nposi hmi> He noftjera;
To BHsy A H81 npopaijaHifi hobbixi
H ApeBHHXb, rflXfc, HTÍ) BaifB yse OTRptUrB,
H vrb Tenepb Ha#B Haam (Sofb CBepmaerb.
Tas* nyciB »e, nym npe^eTi sa mhoS Kpeoro,
Hjb KTO-HHÓyAb y hhxi Bomeamift Bt auy;
O, lyseseMipi, ecra tojbro bbi
OsaseTe mh* noMomt h ConiHH,
Bejuaaia ijapaiju araxi m4ct%, —
To 6yjy a ÓJiarocaoBeHBeirB BammťB
H ntóeiBK) Aia Bcfexi mohxt> BparOBi*!
Xopi.
bohcthhy bu shuiocth a0ct0&hu,
H TU dftHITB, H A04epH TBOH.
A Tara KaKT» HaifB npHHecB tu b^ctb ĎjiaryiOj
To h oto HacB npHMH ÓJiarofi cobítl.
d&uwb.
McnojHK) Bce, vrt> csaaceTe, o, Apyrii!
Xopx.
CBain,eHHufi jiícb 6oniHb, rjsih th oamejn.
Cefrb npiiOTO, BCTynaa b*b 3Ty seiuiK),
O6p&A0lťB HCBynHTeJIBHUHl oohth. •
KaRHirB o6paAOMi>? HayqHTe, CTapijbi!
Xopi.
Boabi cnepBa ajia aepTBU noqepnHH
liarb pojHHKa, CTpyan^aroca bItcho,
Pysofi ÓJiaroroBtflHoft.
A noTOMi>, —
Kor^a a CBtTJioft BJiara noiepney?
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42 Bwnnnffb ebpoiiu.
Xopx.
TaiTB Ky6KH ecrb, — xy^oaranKa cosxaHBe;
Tu oÓepHH hxi pyron h Bpaa.
Ue mepcTBK) jih, hjib 3&ieHBK> ApeBecHOft?
Xopi.
PyHOirb HHcróBniHMT, moaoaoí obijh.
Korja se a aM$opu yB&HiaK>?
Xopi.
Tor^a jhd,o kb Bocxo^y oÓparaB*,
Tu coBepmH TpotHoe BoaiúiHBe.
dftHITB.
Hra othxi caifuxi qanrb?
Xopi.
JIhidb Tpn CTpyn —
Hsx nepBtixi flByxx, a Tperifi KyÓoKt — qkaBHuft.
%6 6yAen b-b xpeTBeMi?
Xopx.
Toibro MeffB cb boaoí,
BHHa se, noiiHH, npn6aBJUiTB He Hajo.
Kor^a hkb seiura, doax 4epH0K) jihctboí,
TaHHCTBeHHHfl rrpHMerL BOSJtÚHifl?...
Xopi.
TO TpiHBAU ffiUSITb MaCJHqHUXT> B^TBeí
Tu B03J02RH, npOHSHOCfl MOJIHTBy.
KaKyio? 3HaTB ee Baaurfeft Bcero.
Xop*b.
Jífi óy^yTT, t6 ki> npamejibuy úiiarocRAOHHu,
KoMy AaeMX mu hms dBMeHHAl,
MOJHCB O TOMX H TU, H BCfc flpyrie,
Ho raonoTOMi) qyTB caudihumi roBopn.
Dotomi, jiHija HasaffB He otfpamaa,
YfiXH CRúýtík. Ror^a HcnojranniB Bce,
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9AHITL Wb K0J0H*. 43
npHÓJHSHMca Kb Te&h yse (Jest crpaxa, —
He to, dpjmi*, CMorpH — He 6htb aoópy.
Bh ciumuH, o, fffera?
AhTHTOBA.
^a, po^HOft MOft, —
npinutsHBafi; otó A&iftTb HaifB Tenepb.
Gairb Haqero HcnojHHTb a He bi cfuiaxi —
Do HeMoma abo&hoí, h cránorfe,
H cjmÓocth; nycrt KTO-HHÓyAb, po a h ha,
Hsi Bací» noftxeTb h xojrsHoe CBepmHFb;
0*Ha Ayma, ho nojHaa jioÓoblío,
Bfc MOJWTBÍ CT&HTB TUCflTO. Il0CK0p*ft
HxHTe se h BOSBpamaňTecb, jíte!
Běsí Bac* hh BcraTB, hh flBHHyTb He Mory
JI Moero (5esnOMomHaro tím.
HCMEHA.
HcnojHio Bce. Ho ysasaTe mhí,
OrapiĚniHHii, r#6 mícto wa oĎpa^a?
Xopi.
Orynaft tu b* pomy, A^ByniKa, h Taiix
Hafixemb Tóro, kto Bce Tetffc y Kašen.
Homeha.
Hay, a tei cb omoMi> no6yob, ceerpa!
Kor.ua cb JioÓOBbK) TpyAHMca jm mhjhxi, —
To KaseTCfl Haif* jercHMi Bcaitift Tpy#b.
Xop%.
Cmpotfa nepean.
CTapoe, cnamee ropě ÓyflHTb—
CTpamHO, — ho Bce se cnpocaTb mu xotímih...
O qeMi?
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O HecBasaHHOirb, Hen3rjiaAHM0MT>,
HBBOMT, CTpaAaHbH TBOeMl.
3,3; Hn*.
Huenewb 3eBca mojiio Bac*, o, MHJitie,
He oÓHaaaflTe nosopHaro!
I
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44 BMTHHKb EBPOHil.
Xopi.
3xkcb o ve&b yse cJiumaiH MHoroe, —
Hubí se 3HaTb mu bcio npaB#y xothmt,.
TamRo!
Xopfc.
O, apyra, yMOjaem.,.
Ybu mh4, yBbi!
Xop%.
He onsasH h Te<íft ee OTsaseirb.
9jHin>.
Aumucmpocpa nepean.
3jo a Tepáte, jhuhb Tepnim, ho, CBH^Tejib mhí <5on>,
Cepjme Moe h He qatfjo, —
Bce npoTHBi bojh...
Xop*.
Kanoe se aio?
JIioah MeHfl coqeTajiH, He 3Haa, ht5 afoaio,
Ol MaTepBK) Bt iiepBOCTHOirB 6pasi>! .
Xopi.
H HecRasaHHyio cbatoctb poftHMaro josa
Tu ocBBepHHjn., roBopan,?
Topě mh*! CMepTb — oto CJiumaTb; MOJiwTe —
Bose! BfcflB 8TH pOAHUfl MOH...
Xopt.
^TÍ> roBopanib!
3th AO^epH — o<$4 npo&iflTtui...
Xopx.
3eBCiJ
3ahhi.
Cuhokb sararu — o, Mepsocrb! — otb Maiepe!
Xopi.
Cmpoýia emopoH.
3to — a*th tboh!
f
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dUEtfb KB KOJOH* 45
AfoH h cecrpu onja...
Xopi.
Crpanmo!
df,BM>.
CíparaHo BOHCTHHy: yseji mb TiioraeR fiiffbl
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Tn Tepn&ra?
9xhitb.
To, iero He saÓuTB HBKor^a!
Xopi.
COBepfflHJlT,...
9ahhi.
He csepnuurB Hnqero...
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Káro?
Ybu!
Toibso npHHajx bi no^apoKi, orb ropová to,
ít6 He AOJxero Óime (5 para a, HecqacTHbift!
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AHmucmjxxpa emopas.
BŠAHufl! tu — h yOiňi^a...
9ahdt..
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Paea sa paHOio,— csajBTecb!
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Y6HJTB?
^a, — ho ciymafiTe, ecTB y Měna...
Xopi.
ÍTdP Konali!
OapaB^aHLe...
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46 BftCTHHKl EBPOHH.
Kanoe?
YÓHJl., —
OTpeRan>ca ne 6yay: ho pasB* a 3Haji,
ítí) TBops)? Ji npe#t (Joroifi — HeBeeefft!
Xop*b.
O, CTpaHHHKB, BOTO Cttfta EfteTB Ha 80TO TBOfi
dreero cuhb, Bjajusa Hamx, Tesett.
TeseS — Bduny.
Te6a a 8Ha»: a cJuxajrB on MHonirB,
Kaši ocatnHJTL tu čau* cetia, 9ahitb!
CeroxHJi se ysHajrB eme h 6ojn>me,
Mojbí BHHiiafl no nyTH croja.
H no TBOHMt OAes^aMi bhjbo, sto tu,
H no iHuy Hepa^ocTHOMy; jpyrt,
Mh$ aunB Tefa. CRasn, saiiufB, o, <ftAHuft,
Ob KaBoň mojb6o& npHXOAHinb bx ropo#B nanix,
H tu, h CKopÓHaa tboji noapyra?
IlorittaS Bce, h eseja CBepxi chjtb
He ÓyjerB to, o leií* iiemi nonpocHmb, —
A cb paAOCTBH) roTOFB Te&b noMoqb:
B$AB a h caMi Kor^a-TO jrbwb bx HsrHaHBH,
JI Tose CRopÓB cb MJiaAeHqecTBa nosHaii
H otb Tetffc uoaoÓhuxi, on HeciacTHuxx,
fl HHBorxa Jímá He OTBpam&at:
S. — ^ejOB^Bi, h b* toitb, qrfc Ďyjera saBTpa,
He Cojrfce yBÍpeHi a, iími tu.
Bahd-b.
O, ijapb Tesett, aBjaa ÓJiaropojCTBO,
BeBT, JHHIHHXX CJOBT), TU DOSBOJIflefflB MH*fe
TanoH) ze otb&thtb Rpamofi pi^bio:
Tu 8HaemB, rto h, hrb RaRoro po*a,
M H3i> RaROtt seMJiH cioja npemejii.
CfiasaTB TenepB ojho eme octuocb —
O lem npomy, h 3HaTB tu 6yAemb Bce.
TE3Efl.
OjHITB, TU MOaefflb rOBOpHTB, — fl BHeMJH).
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s/pmi wb bojioh*. 47
: a npHHomy Te64,
lAajtqecKoe riuio:
CTbBn, ^api MOft,
i HeM-B, t&mx Kpacoru.
TB8Ett.
temb nojiBsy?
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TE3ÉB.
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3ahh^.
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3T0TT, Aapt MOft CKyAHblft
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cbihobbh tboh?
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MeHfl HaCHJBHO.
TE8E&.
Te6t KB H3rHaHBH 2KHTB?
fifunu BepHyTBCfl!
TE3E&.
noMoraerb thíbi.
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48 MOTHHKB EBPOBH.
9 A Hni.
He roBope, noRa Bcero He 3Haemb.
TE3Efl.
Tu npaBx, — KOHqafi: a cjymaio TeÓa.
KaRHXi, KaKHxx a TOJibso MyR* He BUHecb!
TeseS.
Hab ^peBHee npoRJiuiTbe po*a BcnoMHHjrb?
Hfrrb, bí^b o HeMi h Taní yai seaiorb bc*.
TESEfi.
Kasoe se em,e tu BUHera ropě,
KoToparo hhrto He sHaera?
dnnu*.
n,apb,
Ho&mh se: a&th, RpoBb h iuotl moji,
Hst» co6cTBeHHoft seMJiH MeHfl nporHajiH,
H 6ojťbe HeJibsa omey6iBi$
Ha pojHHy BepHyTbca HHKorja.
Teseď.
Ho eatejra Hejbsa BepHyTbOi, — šasi se
Th rOBOpemb, qTO sa toCoS npe^yrb?
3ahh%.
DpopoiecRoe cjiobo hx* npHHyAiirb.
TeseB.
KaROH) ate (5*Aoft rposHTb hmx 6on>?
dXHHL
TBoett, o, n.apb, BejiHKOio nočtAofl.
TE3E&.
Hsi-Ba qero mu BCTynHiťb bt, 8Ty 6paHb?
Sahhi.
CUhhmt, 6oraMT», o, mhauB chh* 3rea,
Ha crapocTH, hh CMepru He BH^aTb, —
Ho BpeMeHH Bce npoiee noABjacrHo:
KaK*b Mon^b jno^eá caaířfeerb iiomb semni,
Pacrerb HSirbHa, ytrapaerb BipHOCTb
H RJiaTBU jryrb, h msaROfi coiosx
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dmKb Bfc BOJIOH£. 49
Meati> ropoftoei, Bani Mesi apyseft, — HeBiqeHx:
Biepanraifi apyra ciaHOBHTCjj Bparora,
Ho ahh tfiryrB, h bhobb ohi Čy/jeTi apyroro.
Ilosa eme cb OHBaHi^aMH coiosi tbo&
EesoáiaieHi, ho BpeiieHH nojierb
BesqHCieHHiie ahh poahtb h hohh,
H HteorAa HapymarL cTysi Meqeft
Co3Byqi>e kmtbi nsi-sa o6u&u MajofL
Torxa HanteTca Apeiuion^ii} kb rpoóy
XojiOAHufi npaxx moÍí hxi ropaiet spoBH,
Kojil <Sofb eme ecTB 6ofl h $e(fo He jrsera!
lloBÍpb se, ijapt, h Ótabmaro He TpeÓyft:
3arrpeTHtixT> TaftHx He aojijrho OTBpuBaTB.
O, jhhib Tenepb hchojhh oÓímaHbe, —
Díotomi yse He CBasemb HHKoraa,
*Ito bi» TflrocTB 6hun> djiflirb sewA aeHMHi,
Kojib npaBAa ecn> kb npopoqecTBarb ÓoroKB!
Xopi.
O, MyApuft n,apb, ofo bthxx npopai^aHBfixi
Ohi roBopHTB yate He kb nepBufi paši.
TeseS.
Kari. ne hphhatb,' o r rpas^aHe, Tóro,
Ob kíítl HSApeBJíe Hanil po^B coe#HHfierB
ToBapamecTBa ÓpaHHaro cok>3t>,
Kto, HMeHeifB 6oraHb, npHmejrB MOMmift,
H Hara npHHecB HeoqbHeHHuS Aapi?
O, hítx, TaRoro Myaa He OTBepray
H rocno aaM* kb seMjrfc noeft npbora:
3axo?emB jih ocraTBCfl saícb, bi Kojiohí, —
Orap^firnnHairB TeťSa mh nopyiHMi;
Hjh nofixeniB, d^Hni, co mho& kb Aohhli, —
XI h Ha to cooaceffB,— Buónpafi!
dnnu*.
Jía Harpa^HTL Bacx Bore, o, qyseseMi^u!
TE3Eft.
H mra cbubh: H^eniB m tu kb mo& aomx?
#a, ecjra mhí nosBOjramb, — tojbko npeame...
TE8E&.
*Ití>? roBopa, npoTHBHTBca He <5yAy.
Tun IY.— Id», 1896. 4
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50 BftCTHHKB EBPOUH.
3AHni».
& npeasje 3aícb BparoKB mobi-l cMepio.
TeseS.
Aa fiyAera Ham* cok>3t> tc<54 bo 6 jaro...
Kaib CAfcsaemB tu Bee, tto oňtmaxL.
TeseS.
^OBtpLOi mbí: ysi a Te6a He BujaiťB.
3AHDX.
Tu se coJsemB: a BipK) h fiesi kjjitkb.
TeseS.
*It& TOBOpH) — BÍpHte BCflKOS BlflTBH.
3*0111.
Ho Rasi se tu...
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3a mhoS npHAyn...
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Ob toÓoio óyjyrB erapi^u.
A tu ySaernB?
TeseS.
CnepBa ycrpoio Bce.
BparoBi 6oh)cb...
Teseř.
A a hxi a^y Cesi crpaxa.
3ahhx.
Ho SHaemB jh?...
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A SHaK), 1T0 HBKTO
Hb-b pyKi mohxt* Te6a He BupBerB cajiofl:
B4ab mmo jih kto vh apocTH rposera,
Ho Tmeraua yrposu yiiojKaiora,
KaKi tojbbo rH$BT> pa3cyAB0M% notite^eHi.
A eciBÓu h BsjyiuuiH ORBaHi^u
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8AHITB KB BOJOHft. 51
CBepraHTB yrposu, — ni> Mopio ko mhí
He Tasi-TO hmi Jierao em,e AOcrarHyTs.
Mysaftca se, sartiix, hto bpomí Haci>
TeÓa h 6opb noc^aBoiift oxpaHaerB.
Kowa 61 MeHa baícb He 6u^o, noBtpL, —
Bparn Ótryra npeA* HMeHeMt Tesea.
Xops.
Cmpocpa nepeax.
CTpaHHBBi, opameji tbi b* cqacTJtHBifinrifi apa&,
Bt rop^uft kobamh Rojiohi 6&roMpaMopHuft 9
r^i no aeaeHHMi OBparaiťB doiott* cojobbh,
IlepeiuaRaiOTca, SBOHKorojiocHe...
Bíiiho CTaaMB nopxaiOTO
Bt, qepHOJiecTBeHHOMX njionvb,
B* BanOBiflHOtt Taxoft pontfb,
MHoroDJOAHoS, HeAOCTynHot
Hh aj\s co.iHi^a, hh jjia 6ypB,
r^t Bt Rpyry ÓoniHB-KopMHJiaiii
BpoAOTB 6opb Becejiň rposHuxi,
Bofb BaaxaHOicB— ^íohhcb.
Anmucmpo^a nepea*.
3fifhch se ijBfaerB, osaBJíaeMbifi BÍHHoft pocoft,
Ob uufflHUMH rpoRABHMH fijiaroyxaionuft,
^peBHifl BÍBeiVB Depce(j)OHU cb ^eiieTpoft— HapijHCB,
H 3jaT0i^BtTButt ina^paHi pacnycRaerca.
n óescoHHHe, (taysAaiorB
TaxocrpyfiHaro Kecjmaa
HjIOAOTBOpHUe KJIOTB,
%o6h sasaymeft seitiiH
HÍApa BJiarofi HanoaTB.
drovh apaft b Mysu jioÓstb,
H KwnpBAa, — ibh Opasku
3oj[OTua npaBATT, bcími.
Cmpofpa omopas.
Ectb y bbxi Taase h xepeBo qyAHoe:
CjHmajíH mu, ito Taaoro whn> wb Asie,
Hh sa AopnqecROiTB ocrpoB* Ilejonca, —
HeHacas/ieHHoe, ho nepBosftaBBoe, —
3to— KopMHJHi^a Hamaxi Aircefe,
ysacB A-aa aonift BparoKB —
TycuocpetipncTaa MaciHHa,
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52 BftOTHHBB EBPOHH.
íbhxb no64roBT» cmtuxt> He joMaerB hhkto,
6yA<> oh^ mojojb hjb crapi, 6yAB ohb pafo hjh ijapB,
II60 Ha MacflHHy okomt> HeApeMJiomHirB
Cmotpbtb b íift CBtTOsapHijft cb ee6ecB,
H AeHHa rjasaMH iipospaiHO-sejeHUMB.
Anmucmpocpa emopan.
Tasxe noujmeitB HHyio, HeMeHBmyK)
GiaBy BejHKaro Hamero ropoja, —
Bóra MopcKoro noAapKH (fesufcHHiie, —
KoHHyio ynpasB h CHaciB BopačejBHyio:
H60 BnepBtie He 3a*cb jih, y Haci,
U,apB IIoce&AOHx ysponuB
ByftHyio CHiy KOHefi?
3a^cb se cosAaji a** flaci owb h nepBiaS nopa&iB,
^tí) noifqajicfl, o, ahboI cb bojihu Ha BOjny,
3u6b pa3CÍRaa yopyrmn Beciaiin,
PaAOCTHO npuraa bb it&h* arpaiomeft,
HepeHAB npoBOsaeMtifi bíwhok) njacKoro!
ÁHTHrOHA.
ripenua nopa, o, crapiju, AOKasaTB,
ItO OTOTB Bpaft TaRHTB HOXBaJIB aoctohhb.
9ahhb.
%6 B0AHQIB TU, AHTfl MOe?
ÁHTHrOHA.
Orei^,
RpeoHB ciOAa H^eri ctb tojdoB OHBaHijeBx.
3abhb.
TenepB íioe cnaceHBe AOBepmHTB
Bh MOseTe, o, muiue!
Xopi.
He 60tí m, —
He Biixa^HMi: a erapt, ho He crapierB
Bejaqie Hapo.ua Moero.
Kpeohb.
ílo BaraHMB jhivimb h raasairB a BH»y,
O, rpasAane npeRpacHfe&mei seMJiH,
?to Mofi npnxoffB nesA^HHiifi BaeB nyraero,
Ho ycnoKořTecB: 6panHHX*B cjiobb He Ha#o,
BaiiB npHHHHflTB HacHJiBfl ne xoiy;
B6a& a h erapB, H3HaK>, ito BCTynHjrB
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9AHin» BB BOJIOH*. 53
Bi CKvibHiBinee bo Bceft dajiwb ijapcTBO.
llpamejra se a sa sthitb crapuKOMT,,
ÍTofo rrpHrjiacHTb ero oópaTHO bi seauiK)
CBameBBuxt Ghbb: HapoA** mchh nocJMurB,
3aT*MT>, qro ropio aToro CTpaAa.ibija
OsasjBiBaTB a AO-oteHi óojibme Bebxi
v •_ — íTBeaHHKi ÓJHsaftmift.
> MHOB, Swirb HOŘ 6ÍAHU&,
iHe soByra,
KpeoHi; b&ai* a — He H3Bepn,
b, Ayma Cojťkia,
ÓiJBaJO, hto oahht»,
ÓedAOMHllft fl rOJEOAHBlS,
HOft AOiepBK), — jtbu!
fóXHafl Tasii naja,
injeMy omy
ijapa 3Aflna,
MaTepe, 6e3i My»a,
crpiraHuxi Ha nyra.
we noHomeHbe —
Ay MoeMy!
c^ijaHO, He cspoemb;
no KpaflHeft Mipt, cnpaqb,
ti — CoraMH saKUHHaio —
locjyma&cfl MeHa!
Ha poAHHy, wb SHJ&nie
CT> 8T0K) 3eM aeft
yre; OHa Tóro h crimu,
)jiaeHx ÓojBme ithtb
i pOAHyH) 86MJIK).
3AHHI.
fciomift cspuBaTb
bhaomb ĎJiaropoACTBa,
,HHmb bi> sanaAHio,
injaKajca 6u baobojb!
» TÍ AHH, KaKTi fl CKOpÓlun,
caMt HcsaJB HsrHaHBa, —
ib6h Moefi He bmjtb, —
b, KaKT> CKop6b yse saTHXJia,
mhí erajrB poAHOt onarx,—
CB HOSOpOMB BHrHaJll,
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54 B*CTHHBt BBPOIDI
Torja h ysi poflCTBa He non^aAHJi.
H botb Tenepb, ysHaBi, hto a b** AeHHaxi,
Hamejrb npiřou, odatb iieHa 80Bems;
ÍTOfo atecTKO Óhjio cnaTb, Tási MarKO crejieinb.
3aqtMi» HacujiLHO jtfuiaeinb aoópo?
Bt ro^MHy óiffb Měna bu orroJKeyjiH,
IIpocameMy He noMorjH b% Hya&Ai,
ítoóh noTOMi, BaKi> Bce yati eCTb bx hsĎutkíí,
HaBasHBaTb HeHy&Hue *apu, —
IIcnyMaft »e, Kaxaa bi> otomi pa^ocTb?
Bfcflb, qTÓ Tenepb tu npefljiaraeinb mhí,
Ho BMAy ciaAKO, a Ha xbak ropbso.
Ho a TBoe KOBapcrBO oÓJiH^y;
[IpuxoAMinb tu He SBaTb Měna bi> atBJwme
Oti^obt, mohxi>, a xo^emb y rpatíuivb
J^epaaTb bt> njrbHy, hto6i> He nocrHrja ropoví
OTCio^a BaMi rpo3amaa ót^a.
HO TOJIbKO 3Haí, He ÓUTb TOMy, a bíhho
JI 6y*y «HTb y Bací, sani aeMOHi Min,eHba,
H AaM* BeMJIH OĎOHMl CUHOBbaiTb
He (fojrfce, ntMt HysHo wa Moravu!
A hto, CBaaiH, He Jiyqine je Te6a
JI 3eaio Bce o 0HBaxT>? — u Btpate,
3arbM^, mx> $efo a 3eBCb-OTeivb He Jiryrb,
Tboh ;kt» ycTa hojihu XBacoHBOií jsosbio.
Ho óeperwcb: Ha rojiOBy cboio
HaKJuqenib tu 64,ny, — ne B-fcpnaib? 8HaK>,
CTynafi se npoib, a Haiťb h óea-b Te6a
SAicb xopomo, u Jiyqmaro He Ha^o!
Kpeohx.
CaM r b nocyaw, komv thkoh) pi^bio
BpeAHflJb tu Óojibme — mb* hjih ceói?
3ahhx.
RaKi 6yay pa.ni, Kor.ua hh btmxx rpaajjaHx
Tu oÓMaHyTb He CMOsemb, hh Měna!
Kpeohi.
OrUflHCb, CTUAHCb, TaKHXT* rOflOB'b HpeBJIOHHHXX
.HocTHri, a Bce eme He noyMHijrb!
9AHH ř b.
JIsukt. TBOfi ocrpí, ho npaBeflnuň ne aojijKeHi*
Ob HCKyCCTBOMTb paBHUMl TOBOpHTb HpO BCe.
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9AHIFB BT> KOJOHfe. 55
KPEOHl.
^a, roBOpHTb yirfeen KaatAwft MHoro,
HO KOpOTRO H XOpOfflO, — He BCfe.
9AHn*B.
A tu — yirfcemb roBopHTb h KpaTKo
H xopomo?
Kpeohi.
He A^H Ta&HXt, KSLK'b tu!
dnnwb.
Oaho Te6t csaacy — aa 3tbxt> rpaasAaffb
H sa ce6a: crynaňTU jyqme nposb—
He croposH h He aiaioeb HanpacHo!
Kpeohx.
Kaši CMÍemb tu Cb Apy3baaiH roBopuTb, —
CBHA*TeJIH A» 6yAyTL 9TH CTapiJU,
Koji> TOJibKO bx pýše nonaAembCfl Mfffc!
A kto MeHa ffb aewib aeHHflex cmo&
^ep3HerB cxBaTBTb?
Kpeoht*.
Hy, qTO-»i! — He orb Tóro,
TaKx, Moacerb ÓuTb, nonjaiemb orb Apyroro.
3auhi>.
ItÓ 9T0 SHaHHTb?
KPEOHt.
flfiHb TBOK) OAHy
y»% a cxsaTHjPb h OTOCJiajit noAaJbme.
Ceflqacb B03bMy Apyryio...
Sahhi.
Topě! Topě!
Kpeodí..
He Tasí em,e sacTOHemb, — noroAfl!
9ahhx.
HcMeHa, AO^b Moa!
Kpeohi.
CxBany h aTyl
dAHnx.
O, rpaa^AHHe! He BUAaBafiTe Haci,
Bea6o»Haro OTCiOAa nporoHHTe!
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56 BfcCTHHKB EBPOttU.
Xopi.
IIoah tu npoq* CKopie: m6o sjio
Bcer^a TBopmnB tu, hhhíj, KaKx h npeame!
Kpeoht,.
Cio^a, pa(5u! CaMa OHa Heft^era,
CxBaTHie se h caiiofi ysefliiTe!
ÁHTHrOHA.
O, ropě mh4! Ky^a, icy^a 64»aTb,
KTO H3t 6orOBl> MB CMepTHIJXT* HaMT> DOMOSSeTl?
Xop*&.
?tí> íšjaeniB? Ohomhhcb...
Kpeohi.
Haraero -
He 6oflTecí>: rocTH Baraero He TpoHy,
SI tojbko aosb cecrpu Moeft BOSBiiy.
BjiacTHTejiH Hapo.ua!
TBOpHIDB...
Xopi.
Tu HenpaBxy
Kpeohx.
Hfera, npaBAy!..
Xopi.
Rasi?
KPEOHl.
CBoe óepy!
Ha noMonub! Ha noMonjB!
Xop*b.
He ciri&ft ero TporaTB, a to Haraaxx pyra,
BesyMei^B, no^yBCTByeraB CMy!
Kpeohx.
IlycTiiTe, nycTirre!
Xopi.
Hpn HacB He mahmx
CBepraaTB ÓesaaKOHHoe aíuo!
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3A0tn> vh kojioh*. 57
Kpeohi.
Kto nepBufi y^apiirb MeM, — ocícopóuri
CBfln^eHHUfl Obbh...
O, CTapn,u!
Bli noiiHHTe: a B*Ab npeACRasHBajťL Bairb!
Xop*b.
OdaBb 8Ty AJKyniKy... cabunaiiib?.. ocraBb!
Kpeohx.
HaAi> Heft He HM&eTe BjacTH!
Xopi.
OcraBí>, rOBopHMi!
KPEOHt.
ToBopio Bam h a:
HpoHb, npoib, — a He to (Jepermecb!
Xopx.
Ha noMomb, Ha noiion^b! O, rpasAaHe, kt> Hain>!
Bamx ropo#b nosoparc,, HacHJibe TBoparo!
Cio^a! noMorme!
Ahthtoha.
Ybh! BjieKyTt iieHfl, o, crapijbi, crapiju!
3ahh%.
PoAHaa, rA* »e tu?..
AhTHTOHA.
Y BO WTb CHjlOfi...
3ahhi.
Ilo^afi uwh pysy...
Ahthtoha.
He Mory, OTei^b!
Kpeohi.
Cxopftfi, CKopiň!
HecqacTHtift a, HeciacTHuň!
Kpeohx.
Tenepb 6e3t 9Thxt> hocoxobi oCohxt,
nocrpaHCTByemb! Ha poAHHy BOdCTaďb,
Ha 6JH3KHXX, Tfeb, HbH) bojh) bchojihah),
Xoth, KaKx ijapb, h cam hmím 6u BJiaerb:
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58 BfcCTHHKl EBPOIEH.
Tasí paAyftca se, — boti tboh no6ÍAa ? .
Ho, MoaeTB 6utb, coBpeMeneirB nofi*ieni&,
tfro aatfimifi Bpart — tu caaťL ceftfe, h hubí,
Kára npe»ae, — Befcra apysbaMi HanepeKop*,
ripe^aBraiftca HeacTOBOMy rH^By,
íTpaHHBt Ďitfb TBOfflCb...
Xopi.
OcTaHOBHCb!
KPEOHl.
Bain> roBopio — nycTHTe!'
Xop*.
He nosBOJWMi
. Mu yBeern ee...
KPEOHl.
Tara botb »e, 3HafiTe:
He TOJibKo HXt otffcnx^ yBe^y,
Ho h enje 3ajoaHHEa apyroro.
Xopi.
ító xoiemb, Aep3KÍň?
Kpeoht> — ym3ueaH na dduna.
H ero cxEaTHTb!
Xopt>.
Tu jsemt!
Kpeoh-l.
A boto* yBu^HTe cefi^acB,
Kojib tojilko mh* BanrB ijapb He noMtinaen».
Oo^HATb AepsHeniB tu pysy Ha Bieea?
KPEOHTb.
Mojhh, erapera, mojihr!
BonHTb a 6y,ny,
H rojocb Moft Aocroraerb ao 6orHHb,
U,apflni,nxT> sAtcb: o, 6y.ni> tu npoKJíarB, B3Bepn»,
3a to, ito xonenib BupBaTt y caimija
HocatAHifi cbítl, eaHHCTBeHHoe oko!
IIoai erapocTb khshb TaKyio, Kára moa,
#a HHcnonuierb 6opl rejriocb Bceapamift
Te6*, sjojM, h pOAy TBoeMy!
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&AHirb Bl KOJIOHft. 59
Kpeoh-l.
Bu cjitifflHTeJ o, qyaeseimu?
CjiHraaTi
06ohxi> Haci h, AyMaio, CRopÓaTt,
Ito a Dmaqy sa fliuio tojbko ciobomt>.
Kpeoh-l.
Híti, AOJiie TepniTB a He nory:
Xotb oahhokb h yapyqee* robami,
CxBaqy ero h ctuiofi ýBeay!
3ahhi.
Anmiccmpcxpa.
O, ropě mh*! Topě!
Xopi.
H xoqeaib Tasoe tu a£jo CBepmeTh
Bi seMJ* y qyatoro Hapoaa?
KpEOHt.
Xoqy.
Xopx.
Hy, Tant sea^HTL Aohbi yace hítb!
Kpeoh-l.
^a, bt> npaBeAHOMi #ferfi ciwfcHtfiinHx^ BparoBi
Ilopoft noÓfcamaerB h cjafiuá.
Bu cjufflHTe, rpas^aHe, eiuniirre?
Xopi.
Ilycxb!
He Óoňca, — Te6a ohi ee TpoHerb.
Kpeohx.
nora sto 3HaerB oahhtb tojibko 3eBCB.
Xopi.
CirbeniBca Hafl* crapocTBio Hanieň?
Kpeohi.
CmÍKÍCB, —
H Heqero fffcjaTB, — TepneTe!
Xopi.
Btrirre, &bvme hbi ropová bcš,
O; i^apt h Hapo#t, OTOMCTHTe sa Hact!
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60 BftCTHfiKB EBPOIIU.
Te3e6.
ítí) 3a KpuB-L? O 4eMt TpeBora? IIoBejiHTeJiH) Mopeft
He yctrk/rb a kohíetb aeprBH, mki ycjiuinajt stotb KprnrL.
*ítí> ciyíMOCb? ít6 aiyqHJOCb? roBopirre, cTapeKH!
H saiinrb ijapa b* CMflTeHbH bu samBOM ÓfeaaTb?
3ahhi>.
Qo rojocy Te6a a ysHaio,
PoAHofi! Mera oÓhaÍjih secroRo!
Te3e&.
íími? Kto Te6fl o6ha&tb? ToBopn!
KpeOHl), BOTB TOTL, ROH) 3ff6cb BHAHIHb, OTHflJIl
^•kTeft mohxi nocjiiAHHXt y mcm!
TE3E&.
%i> th CRasajii?
3ahhx.
YBe-TL, yBeii o6£hxi>!
Te3e6.
CK0p4S, OftHHl H31» cjyrB MOHXl Óire
Hasaffb, bo xpairo, bcjh Bceiiy Hapojy
H ROHHOMy, h nimeMy, ajwapb
H sepTBeHHuň o6pwb TOTqaeb noRHHyBí,
BteaTB h inaTB KOHefi bo Becb onopx
Tyaa, r#6 ofifc cxoaaTca xopora,
ítoól He ycir&iH flÍByniM npofiTH,
H vtoÓh HaMi ajui npemjiei^OBx, Hacajbe
TBopan^HX-b 3fl*cb, — nocMtmflmeMx He <5uTb!
HflH, HflH CKOpfeft. — A 9T0TB ftepSEÍtt
He Bumexb 6u H3i» pyni mohxx shbhitb,
Rojb bojud (fh xajii a npaBeAHOMy reŠBy!
Ho botb saritarb pascyAHMi no ,3aKOHaifb,
Ob BaBHMH Ohi h caiix npHmejrb cio^a.
Kpeony:
IIoKa mh4 hx* He npHBexemb oóíhxt*
H He OT^amb, He Bbinymy Tefa:
Bijb, th TBopfunb He mnuto Haro (SesiecTbe,
Ho h CBoefi 8eMjrt, h pojy. Kára?!
Ilpa^fl btb crpaHy, r#fe HTyra saROHu cbato
H npaBiifi cy#b no hhmt> TBoparb, npesp&rb
Tu Hamy BJiacrb, KB^aembca, xBaiaemb,
Jlio^efl yBOABmb cbjobd! CsasH,
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9AHITB Bl BOJOH*. 61
J3jb xyifajrB tu, hto hítb Myseft wb AeHHaxx,
íto 8a*cb — senná paóowb h a— hhhto?
Hm TaKHMX AfciaMT* Tli HayHHJICfl
8% poAHofi seiui? Ho Tam, KaKb h y Haci,
He jhoóstt, 3jhhxx, h, jyMaio, He 6yAyTx
XBajHTb 3a to, hto tu, Hanepesopx
BoraifB h Met, #bTefi HacnjibHO otmjii
y 6ÍAHaro, Mojamaro cjrfcnn,a.
Biflb ecrafo a npninejrB bx tboh> OTqHsey,
XOTa-fo Ha TO HM&rb a BCÍ HpaBft,
HanepeKopt BjiaflUK*, wro-fo ohi hh Óujtb, —
JBL He AepsHyjix 6u rpa&A&Hi» yBOflHTb,
H sHairc 6u a, saBx noAOÓaen, rocno
Bt qysol seMjrfc cx ijapaMH nocrynaTb.
A tu no3opnmb co6cTBeHHyio seiuiK)
BedBHHHyH), h, BaseTca, ro^a,
CocrapHBmH TeĎa, He yMyflpHJW.
Bon a csasajTB h noBTopaio BHOBb:
BejiH TOTHacb hxi npeBecrH oóparao,
Ko-ib tu ocraTbca ho acejiaemb 3A$cb
Bx seiufe Moefl HeBOAbHuirb noceaeHqeirb!
Cxasajii, — h cjiobt. mohxi He hsmíhio.
Xop* — Kpeony.
Bon. ao qero ^oraejx tu, po^oirb cJiaBHufi,
Ha *iuri& se — ÓescTUflHufi qejiOB^si!
Kpeohi.
He xyifaJTb a, bohcmo, coMH$BaTbca
Hh kb pasyM*, hh bx AofaecrH Aohhi.
HpHinejii se a, He 8Haa, ito sn> d^any
Bu Hft&HOCTbK) HCHOaHHTeCb TaKOfi
PeBHHBOH), HTofo mhš HanepeBopi,
HacHjibCTBeHHO pojiHuxi mobxx jiejr&aTb!
H AyMaJii a — y Bací He* npHHHMaiorb
Om.eyÓifii^Tb, tiesĎosHHBOBi <n> aítlmh
3aqaraMH bi RpoBOCirfuneHbH rHycHOiťb.
5 nojarajrL: pasyMfffcftinift coBfrrb,
BejiHBie Myata Apeonara
TaBBXi ÓpoAflPL He Tepnara s^teb, h bt> tomt>
ysipeHHut, a Bsajrb mok> AOÓuiy.
Ho Bce-TaBH He nocrynHJix 6u Tasí,
Kor*a 6x obi, cara He npoHSHeeb yatacHuxi
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62 BftCTBEKB BBPOmi.
npoKJflTÍĚ mhí h po^y MoeMy.
Ho, bhaho, raísa He CMapaiora roan,
A TO-abKo — cifepTb: aerob MepTBbie Bparaifb
IIpon^aiDTi Bce. — Hy, a Tenepb, Easi 8Haemb
Th nocrynafi: Bací MHOro, a — oahh-l.
Bh MoateTe HeBHHBaro oĎHXfrrb,
Ho noMHHTe: Hacsojbico xBaTnra cui, —
IIpoTHBHTbCJj a 6yay aioify fl-fejy!
3ahhi.
Koro se iiHCjemb HaratiMii ycraifu
Tu onepHHTb — Meea hjh cetfa,
Kor^a KpnqHfflb: axoxfeft, RpoBOCiťfecHTeJib,
OmeyÓifiiía, — nonpeKaa i$mi,
%& flí^ajix a, Hec^acTHuS, npoTHBi bojh,
Ki qeify dAena 6orn npHBeM,
^aBHO yse Mofi po#b BOSHeHaBHAtB*?
A caifb a — iHcrb, h Ha aynrfi Moefi
Hh oahoto naraa th He orameiub,
KoTopHMi 6u ceóa hjíh pOftHHXl
JI ocKBepHHJix. 3a htí> se tu noporamb
HeBHHHaro, KOjib 6ora iipeApe&aH
B-b *rt ahh, met* a enje h ne posaajica,
*Ito chhi yóberb oma, — sa ití>, csasa?
Ho ecJH TaKi> h nocTynnjii Hec^acTHuft,
He BÍ^aa, hh htí>, hh ct> kímx TBoparb,
HasHa^eHHoe poROMi Hcnojraaa,
To Kaax se CMŠemb tu ero cyflHTb?
H ci> MaTepbH) emfi moA 6para th bcuomhhjt.,
Cecrpoft TBOeft, H rOBOpHTb o tom*
BesóosHufi TBOfi asuKi He nocTUAHJica!
TaM> CJiymafi, — botx a ofairay Te6a
H bibtoA jish: hto MaTb OHa poAHaa,
PoAHaa mh4 — o, ropě — a He sHajrb,
Kára h OHa, Kor.ua, saiaBi orb CHHa,
A^Teft CBOHXl, HOBOpb CBOÍ poAHja.
Ho BHsy a oaho: th #o6poBOJibHO
Cecrpy cbok> nosopHmb h Meea,
A a TOr.ua HeBOJbHO bto A&iajn>,
Kára h Tenepb HeBOJbHO roBopio.
3a 3Torb 6para hhrto MeHa npecrynHUMX
He HasoBerb, Kára h sa KpoBb OTn,a,
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BJÍflWb Wb B0JI0H*. 63
MtMt tu Mera TaKi ropBBO nonpeBaemi.
Ho 6jal se aoóp*, otbítb jhdub Ha oaho:
Kojb 3a*cl, cefiqaeL, o, Mys-B ctojdb Henopo<rauft,
YÚBTb xeÓa xorfurB <5u ETO-HHÓyAb,
Tu cTajii jih 6u BunuTHBaTb CHawja,
y6Ífll^a TOTB — He eCTB JIH TBOfi OTei^B,
Hjh eMy tu cpasy omsaTHiFB 6u?
Mfffe saseTCfl, hto ec™ tojbbo shshb
Te6š MHja, — oÓHA^HBa BasHHJn 6u }
He pasMunuraa, npaBi tu mh h4t%.
MeHfl TOJiKajH caMH (Jora b% Ďesany,
Kyxa a najrB, h mhí nepeiHTB bi tomi, —
J3L AyMaio, — poAwrejib mo6 He erajn. 6u,
Kojib caumaTB 6u OHt mopb moh cjOBa.
A tu, kb Aynr& Ha^t npaBjoío cmímcb,
Bcerfta cRasaTB roTOBufl ct jierBHM* čepcem
H to, ttó mokho, h nero HeJUBsa, —
Tu y lysaxx jno^efi noponeniB crapija,
H roBOpa, hto npaB^a sxfecB ijaparb,
npeBosHOca Aohhu h Tesea,
Xotb He xaafcii noxBajn>, a botb satfujrB
B^ab rjiaBHoe: ito jywne Bcfexi Hapo^OBi
AeaHflHe yMtíorB íthtb Óorowb.
Tasí Basi se xoieniB tu yBaeiB, GeayMeivB,
Otb 3eBca bt> hhmi npemeAinaro cjrfcnija,
y Ói^Haro afcrefi othabx HacejBHO?
A 7mojik> ijapamax* saícb ÓoraHB,
YcepAflo kx hhm% BstiBaa: aa noMOryrb,
^a san^HTaTB MeHfl, HTOfo tu ysHaďB,
KaKOň Hapoxx SHBero wl cbhtuxi AeHHaxt!
Xopl
Tu BHAHHIB, ItapB, STO 8T0 HeJLOVÍMb —
HecqacTflifimiň, ho npaBeflHuft, aoctoShuS
H noMomtj, h mmocth TBoeft.
TE8E&.
^obojbho cjiobx: noxa Bparn cb AoCuneft
CntmarB ySra, siicb npasflHO mu ctohmx,
Kpeoh-b.
A cjyraaio: TOMy, kto 6e3opyseHi>,
EIoBejÍBafi!
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64 BftCTHHKb EBPOim.
TeseB.
Orycaft, dyaaň Bnepe^x,
yRasiiBafi Aopory, — bojih cnpflTajrt
IIo 6jih30cth noxHmeHHuxi A^reň, —
Be^H HacL wl hhmi. A ecse h ftbxajH
rpa^HTeiH ci> Ao6u<iefi, — He tffcw-
YaťB BCEAHHBH MOH Wb HarOHflWFb
H nepefira rpaeHn,u He Aa^yn.
HiaKx, hah Bnepe^t h homhh: c6th
PascTaBHBT*, caiii tu nonaAembca vb hhxi,
JI,o6uTaro o&faHOMi He yAep&Hmb,
A orb cbohxi tu noMoma He sah,
3arfeMT», qTO a bía* 3Haio: Óesopy&HUMi,
XoTfl h Harjii, npHATH 6u m He cm&tb
Bx qysyio seMJH) AJ* Tanoro A*Jia:
Ha htoto edB naAesAa y Te6a,
H 9to mu pasB^weMi, Trofo He 6uat>
HapoAt CJiaÓie Mysa OAHoro.
Tu noHflvTB jih, mb Bce eme, Kára. npea&Ae,
KorAa tu 9to a&ho saMunuajt,
HaA^embca, hto ptib Moa 6e3CHja»Ha?
Kpeoh-l.
ď 3aícb Te(5* He cTaHy BOspaasaTB,
KorAa BepHycb aomoS — Ha Bce OTB-fcqy.
Te3e6.
CTynafi, crynafi, — dotomi rposHTb ycniemb.
A tu, 3ahitb, He 6oftca HHiero:
Eojib 6yAy »hbi», — noBips, He ycaoKOiocb,
IIom Tetft Afrreff He BOBBpamy.
9Ann r b.
BjarocjOBeHi a& 6ynemb tu, BJiaAUKO,
3a b<& tboh sa6oTH otfo Mat
Xopx.
Cmpotfa nepsán.
Ecjih &b 6utb mu moimh,
TaMX, rj* Bparb co Bparoi^
CKOpO CKpeCTflTL MeiH,
H vb nsua sarpeMirrb
MÍAHotfpoHHfcifi Apeň,
Rab y asepTBeHHHBa $e(5a,
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BABin Bl K0Í0B*. 65
HjB y pOmB 9jieB3HHCROfi
Tjsjb manu jiaMnaAOHOcn.eB-L
XOAflTB DO BOTOMl,
1^6 CorBHB LÍJOAOpOAbfl
TaBBCTBa fijiíOAyTB,
r^i yda y nocBanjeBHHxi
dporHMX saMKByTU o6ítoml, *
9jeB3BHCicaro MOjmHBa
30JI0THMX KJIKHOMT> #
TaMt — a AyMaio — yax hubí
n,apb Teaeft, ocBofioaaaa
JDbHXI AÍBX, nOĎÍABUMl bjbkomi
ysacHyjii Bpara.
Anmucmpocfia nepsán.
H.ib bi Apyroft cropoHi
B-B OaTHACKHXT* nOJTOX*,
Ha saKarfe, y ropi,
Faí Meaťb Tynx, no csaiaMi
BfclHft HHeft ÓJieCTBTl, —
B*B ÓUCTpO.ieTHLIXT, KOJieCBUIjaXl
TopflWTB EOHefi Bossann
Bfcieiju, Bpara nonyflBi>,
Ho He yfiiryrB.
Hfio Hamt Apefi — ymacem,
Harai TeaeS — seMM.
3a cnHHoft — noroHB touotb,
Auman BcnieeuHHfl nopau
JffiepetfijOBi HeyKpoTHMuxi,
BjemyrB yAHJia:
9to Hama, Hanin kohh,
IIocBameHHue na^Jia^fc
H KOJie6jiK)meMy 3eMJiH>,
Bory BOJfHt iiopcRBXi!
Cmpocpa emopaa.
EflTBy y»i kohtojih, hjib aaMe^BJía?
Cepwe npe^HyBCTByeTh pa^ocTB BeJBKyio:
K% OTieify jiOHy BepHerca HeBMBBaa,
^'kBa-CTpaja.aima, bcíjmh roHHMaa,
H CBepaiHTca bom 3eBca!
BflTBy CJiaBHyio npopoiHMi:
JlerKORptiJioň 6u roayÓROii
To» IY.-lDJtt, 1896.
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66 BfcCTHHBfc EBPOITEI.
HaMx BSJíeT^Tb noA* ofaaRa,
^TOÓt BsrjiflHyTb Ha wy 6iiTBy
3opRHlTB OROMl* CB BblCOTll!
Aumucmpocpa emopa*.
3eBCi>, ojiHMniňi^eBx BJia^uBa BceBHAamífi,
Gb AOiepBio cjiaBHofi, AeHHOfi-IIajLiaAOK),
^apyfi BOHTeJiio CHJiy noÓíiAHyK),
Bt c6th ijapeBti — AOÓHiy sseJiaHHyio:
Mojihhi $e6a-3B4pojOBa
H OxoTHBn,y Ha jaHefi
BucTpoHorHxx, necTpoKoaHxi,
AnojuoHOBy cecrpy, —
^a npHxyrB ohh Ha noMomb
H Hapo^y, h i^apio!
O, rocTB qysoft seiuiH, npopoROMi jurhbhbtb
He HasoBemB iieHa: yse HAyfB,
HxyrB cio^a, Atoeft tbohxx a BHsy!
dAHHl.
9to roBopHDib? Ta*?.. Ta*?..
Ahthtoha.
Otcitb! Orei**!
O, ecjwtii 3eBCB Tóro (5-iaroro iiysa
Ybha^tb am-b Cfl^nUMl TBOHMl oiaro,
Kto cnacB A*Teft tbohxi!
9ahh%.
YaejH, a*th,
BH 3A&CB, OOflTB 00 MHOfi?
AeTHrOHA.
Pyra BJiaAHRH
H Ao6puxi» ciyrB ocBOÓOAHJia Hacx.
Oahhi.
IIpHAHTe se ro mh*, poAHHa, AafiTe
CROpfefi OÓHflTB HeaAaHHHxx!
ÁHTHrOHA.
Mu HAeiTB )
CeftiacB Te6a oÓHEMeiii h yrfeniHMt.
SIahh^b.
O, taí ae? Ta* »e?
Digitized by VjOOQlC
dflflWh KB KOJIOHfc.
67
O, MB JI bifl!
AhTHTOHA.
3j^Cb MU 0(54, — botx!
AhTHTOHA.
POAHOMy BCe B*Ab mhjio!
3ahhx.
DooiÍAHifi cbítt,, nocjri&Aflift nocoň Moft!
ÁHTHrOHA.
Ajji sajisaro CKBTajBija — saiRifi nocoxi!
dumu*.
Tenepb, Kor^a ohí ohatb co mhoio,
GoBC&wb HecqacTHiJMt a yai He ysipy!
O, #&th, Kpinqe, Kpinne oÓHHMirre,
IIpHSMHTeCB KB TÍUiy jpjIXilOMy, — 80Tb TaKfc!
He npaBxa jih, b*ab BOHiefla pasjíysa?
Bu Óojibme He noKHHHTe iieHfl?
Hy, padcsasKHTe Bce, htó 6hjo, icpanto,
KarcB noAOÓaera ke Bamn ro^u...
Ahthtoha — ynasueaH na Těsen.
Bóra
CnacHTejib Hanra; ero, OTei^L, nocjymai.
IIpHĎaBHTB mh4 ocraHeTca dotom-l
HeMHoroe...
9ahhi — Těsen.
He yAHBJflficfi, Apyra,
íto He Mory naroBopaTBCfl baobojb
Gb #6tbmh, ro mh-6 BepejBiDHMHca bhobb,
Korja yara a BOSBpaia hxx He qaajn».
A 3HaK), TU BÍW> CnaCB HXt, TU OJffHX,
Hhbto Apyroft; Tefa sa 9?y pa/jocTB,
E^HHCTBeHHo Te(5a (toaroflapio!
BesciiepTHíie #a Harpaflara Tesea
H ropoffb Barax, saifoťB, hto Ha seaiJi*,
y Bací oahhxi Hamejix a cnpaBeAJHBOCTB
H bíphoctb uflTBi, h 6-aaroiecTBe, — ja,
Ho onHTy a huhí sto 3Haio,
Bce, HTÍ> HM$K>, TH OAHETb MB* flaJTB,
H ÓOJlie HHKTO, HHKTO H31 CMepTHUXX!
KocHyTBca se hobbojib pyKH raoefi,
6*
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Google
68 BfcCTHHBB EBPOmi.
non,tJ!OBaTB, KaKt óparo, ccjh mo&ho.
HO H&TB, BSBl CMÍK)? 1TÍ> fl roBopio?
SI HHCTarO MOHMB HpHBOCHOBeHbeMB
He ocKBepHK), h eoraÓB tu xotíwib,
He Aonymy; kb HeciacrHHMB hoaxoahtb
JfalHB OnUTHHMX BB CTpaAaHBflXl AOJSHO JHOflflMB;
IIpHB^TCTByfl se B3AaJiH Tefa,
Mojih), BJia^uKo: BnpejB, Rasi h rohuh£,
Byflb cnpaBe^HBB h mhjocthbb ko mhí!
TebeA.
O, H*TB, 3a TO, HTO rOBOpHIDB Tasx Ifl&VO
H HeHaCBTHO CB MHJBIMH ffílTBMH, —
A ho cepaycb: Tečí, robotho, cb hhmh
Becš^OBaTB OTpajHift, hímb co mhoí,
H a He amy noxBaJTE tbohxb: hb cjobomb,
A rfuoirB a npocjiaBHTbca xoiy.
KaKB BHXHmB caMi, a He HapynrajrB rmtbh,
BoafliofijreHHHxi ^fereft tbohxb BepHyxb
H OTAaio Tetffc hxb. HeBpe*HMHXB.
Kabb 6hjo Bce, ysroenib th otb hhxb,
A HaMT> do64aoě XBacTaTb He npHcra.io.
Ilocjiyraaň se th jyqrae, nrb ysHajiB
SI no nyra croaa: B*flb Basi hh Bparoa, —
AoerofiHa yAHBjeHbfl dTa BÍcTb:
Kto My^px, — hhh^mx npeHeóperaTb He aojukbhb.
9ahhb.
*Ití> cjumajii th, Bjia^HKa, pascKa&H:
06B 9T0MB 3#&Cb mh HH?ero He SHaeMB.
TE3E&.
TaMB, roBopsTL, MKofi-TO ^yseseiieijB,
Tetffe pOAHfl, XOTH H He H3B 0HBB,
Chahtb, o6mbb WTapB MopcKoro <5ora,
TŘÍ TOJBKO-HTO S »epTBy npHHOCUJIB.
3ahhb.
Oray^a ohb? O qeMB uhb mojhtb (fora?
TeseS.
O^ho a 3Haio: y TeÓa npocuTB
HeTpyAHaro h Majiaro ohb xoieTB.
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dJSflWb BT> K0.30H1J. 69
> MaiOMX npOCHTi TOTB,
HHKy 6ora npena^aert.
TeseS.
b, HTO XOTeTT, OBTB Cb TOÓOŽ
ipHO yfla-urrbca.
3ffani.
Teseí.
DoAyMatt: y Te6a
&b Aproefe pokoro,
OCHTb o TOMl?
3ahiii».
AObo.ibho!
TeseS.
*Ití> cb T06010?
TE3EÍL
io noneMy?
Sahui.
JI nOHHJTB,
mhok) xoqero...
TeseS.
Kto?
Biiea nepea* T06010?
d^BWb.
> Mofi, ;akfiiniS bsi Bpar
mh4 ropme caiepTa!
Tese».
M05
apuine.ri, oht>, OTKasaTb,-
ro yaeJH TpyAHo?
9A0nt.
eft, He npiiHyamaft mcha,-
> MHÍ HeHaBHCTeETb!
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70 BftOTBHKK BBPOIlil.
TeseS.
Ho xoporao jih A^aenib, cmotph:
B^ HMeHem 6oroBi> Te6a offb mojiutb.
AhTHTOHA.
XoTfl em,e a MoaoAa, OTeiji,
He OTeeprafi tu Moero coBfrra:
HowHTb 6orOBi> TeseK) He ifimaft, —
#a npHMen oh* iiojamaro npnniejibn.a:
nocjymaň Hacb h 6para He tohh.
B*At>, ^TO 6u ohi hh roBopnjt, piraaiiH
HacmiBCTBeHHO Teófl He ytffcAHTi.
Tasí Bucjymaft, — He óofica, h6o arae
CjOBaMH sjoe cepAn,e o6.marb.
Ohi Bce se — orat tboS: eem6u re&k
Ohi npH^HHHJii h 3Jiiflmyio oÓHAy, —
He AOJseHi 6u tu mcthtb eMy, OTeivb!
IlpHMH ero, crpa^aiorB h xpyrie,
He TU OAHffB, OTL COÓCTBeHHUXb Afrreft,
Ho cayraaiOTaj AOÓparo coBirca
Apy3ed CBoexx h yspon^aiOTi reiBi..
O, BcnoMHH MaT6, o^a, Baida Myna
Tu caMx otl hhxi>, HeBHBHufi, npeTepn&rb!
IlofiMH, hto Tnivb Bcewa posA&erb 06ah,
H 8io npuHOCBTB sjrtftmie hjoau,
íeMy TBOH HeBHAflmifl OTO —
CBHA*TejibCTBO h ropecraufi npBMÍpi>.
He xopomo, itoÓu mojhjh AOJiro
O cnpaBeAJHBOMi; yeryna se mmi
H MHJiocTbH) yirfcft mumiTb sa mhjoctb.
£a Cy^era Tasí, xotb sHaemb tu, ahth,
íto HaaerKO ncnoiHHTb 9Ty npocbóy.
Ho TOJbKo, n,apb, ysb ecm ohx npHAerb, —
Tu sanyiTH, He Aafl MeHH Kb oÓHAy.
Te3e6.
SaT&Ml Ofil 9TOMT* ABaSAU rOBOpHTb?
' He XBacTaa, cKasy, CTapmcb, h Bijpb mhí:
Koab 3eBCL MeM cnacerb, cnaceet h tu.
Xoptí.
Cmpoýia.
Be8pascyAHU h sajiBH, a AyMaro, rf>,
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HHITB B% R0J0H*. 7 l
[oqeTx sH3Hb CBume Mbpu,
TOJibRO flojraa CKopób,
ipHÓJIHffiaeTL Kt CTpa^aHBK).
b Bce pasHO He Ha&Aemb,
tu MHoraro xoienib.
[erB, CMOTpsr, 6esi ópasa
ipu, h 6e3i xopoBi,,
ibfl jTOJraa,
naro Aa^a —
HHn,a CMepTb.
Aumucmpocfia.
6 jaro — coBctMi,
BTOpOe — pO^HBfflHCb,
i e^Ba npauieTiíTb
r&aa lOHOcTb, —
[ynaMi ae óy^erb ROHija:
MflTesH h yfiiftcTBa!
i BceMy nocjrfcABift —
(SojbHaa,
m,Haa crapocTb,
aa, npoRMTbe
[flTift, Mysa Mysx!
ro 3Haemi> h tu,
OKHHyTUfi!
ihí Ha OfcBepi
^apaeMuft
H BOJHaifH,
lift CTOHUIb.
tffcryrb
CTb flpOCTbK)
pajtama BiiHua,
ria — orb 3anaAa
ibixT* CTpaai>,
o. on Gtaepa AHKaro!
AhTHTOHA.
qya&eseMeiji k*l Haní
ramift, oahhokíě,
u cjiesaMH...
Kto?
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72 BftCTHHKB EBPOim.
Ahthtoha.
Ohi totb, Koro mu amaaM — IIojiuhhkt>.
HOJIHHHRl.
Ybu, cb Hero ea^Hy, Koro ondaný—
Ce6a, cecrepjb hjib apaxjiaro oxua?
Botb y Hyarax* jnoaeft ero a BHaty
ÍIOKBHyTarO BCfcMH, KpOMt Bací,
Bl rp^3M, BT> JOXMOTbflXl* HHmeHCRHXT), HCTJrkBIIIHXb
On CTapocxH aa stomi CTapom rfcjrfe,
H cnyTaHHtie bojocli hobhouh
Ha BnaAHHU cj&min ero oqefl,
H BtTepi hxt, nycTHHHuí pasB^BaeT^,
H ayMaio, hto TaKOBa h nama
YTpofiu sajiKoft. Topě! Topě mh4!
H Bce 9to yBHAtJii» cjmmKOui, hosaho
H ee nptíme.TL Kt Teói h He noMora.
Tenepb yaw> sBaio — hítb mhí onpaBflaHba.
Ho nycTb, Kain> pa^oMi ci 3eBCOMi» B03cfeAaerB
Ha He6t mmoctb, — TaKi h s^tcb ci to6o8.
ÍIpocTa! bíab 3Jioro A^a yBejeqtíTL
HeJibsa yse, ho moxho HCRynHTB.
MoJIHIEb?..
XOTB TTO-HHĎyflb CRaXH, OTe^Bl OTB CUHa
He OTBpao^afi Jím,a! yaiejH MOJiia
MeHfl ci» TaKHMi npedpiHbeifi OTTOJRHeinb,
He yflOCTOHBi aaae reiBHUMX ciobomi?..
Hy, yMOJuie se ero xotb bu,
ÍTOfo CSaTBIfl Bt 6e3MOJiBÍH yrpioMOM^,
Ycra ero otrpbuihcb, HaKOflen,i»,
^toÓíi MeHfl, npemeAniaro orb 3eBca,
Oieiyb cb TaKUMt ÓeaíecTBeM^ He nporHajrb.
AhTHTOHA.
HoBijaft caM*B, aaq^Mx npemeJB, HeciacrHufi:
H3*B MHOrHXfc CJOKB, (5uBa6TB, 4T0 OflHO
CKJOHaerb B^pyrB kb OTBtoy tfeaoTB^THBixx,
Baymafl pa^ocrB, aaaocTB iijih thíbx.
HoJHHHRl.
JI,a, TBOft coBirB pa3yMHH& a hcdojhio:
CnepBa bi 3anyíTy 6ora npH30By,
íeíf sepTBeHHHRi o<5mbx, ijapfl Těsen
,8 yMOJIH.TB, — H OHI HOSBOJIH.TB MH*
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&WLWb &h KOJIOHft. 73
IIpH^TH cio^a, cnasaTb owjy, Hrb Hajo,
H yAajiHTbca mhpho: botb h sce,
O lem. a Bací nporay, o, nyaceae&mu,
Ceerept mohxt, h Moero oma.
Tenepb ciwtay, Sahhi, saTfcirb npame.in> a:
Btex OflBi MeBu nporHaJiH nOTOMy,
4to a xorkTt, icaKTb nepBeHeiji, no npaBy,
TBOHMI, npeCTOJlOMl D,apCTBeHHUMT, BJiaflÍTb,
#a, — botb, sa ito a MjaxmHirB típaTOirb e3rHam»!
He BiyApocTbH) oht> no&bfl,wh ueua.
H He Mezera bi OTBptiTOifb noe^aHRt,
A XHTpOCTBK) HapOA^ MOtt OÓOJIbCTHBT..
H jyMaio, hto bto coBepmiuia,
FoTOBfl iiecTBj 3pnaia tboa:
Tasí rOBopan* h Bimie npopoKH.
Tor^a bt> rjyóOKÍfi Aproci yfiiaaBi,
Ha AO^epa A#pacTa a aeHHica,
BcryaHjn, bt» cok>31 cb xpaÓpiňniHMH jhoabhh,
%Í> nepBUMH CHHByTl BTb MerafliH Konift,
H ceMB jpysam. o6T»eAHHHKB, Ha Ohbh
IIoBeai bi noxo^Tb, htoÓi yMepeTb bi (foio,
Hjib noótflHTb, co, npecro.ia CBeprayBí 6paTa.
Ho cnpocnfflb tu: saitarb se a Tenepb
Cioja npnmeji>? ítoÓh tboh kojtíhh,
Qreivb, či MOJbóoň ycep#HOH> oÓaaTb
H 3a ce6a, h sa Boaaeft cok)3huxi>,
%i> ceMepo — y ceMHBpaTHHxi 6hbt>,
Yae noBpmiH bck) paBHHHy BoftcROMi:
H31 hhxí b% ra^aHbH no uojieTy nTHivb
H bt» 6paHH nepBuft — KOJietfaTejib Konift
AM$iape&. Bropoft — KtaeeBi chhi,
Te^eS OTBasHuft, pokoro amiieiyb.
Efob Aproca se Tperift — 3ieoKJii.
HnnOMeAOHi* — HeTBepTuft nocaaffb ki» ©HBaifb
Oihomi, TajraeMi. ílaTuft — KanaHeft,
OnycroniHTb orHeiťb rpoaarb KaAMeio.
EOeerofi apRaAcaiá bosa*> — IlapeeHoneft,
Orb uaTepn, on> ropaoft ATajiamu,
XpaHHBmeft flOJH) A*BCTBeHHOCTb, ahtji
JIlOÓHMOe, OHI npHHflJTb 9T0 HMfl.
H a — ceABMOi, no hmcbu — tboS cuhx,
Btpfirfce se, <rro cum a 3aoro po&a, —
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74 BfcOTHBtfb EBPOHU.
Ha Obbu paTb óescrpamHyio Be*y.
H 9THMH fl&TbMB, TBOeK) 2RB3HBK)
Te6a, poAHoň, mu saRJHHaeMi bc4,
ÍIpOCTH, SaÓy^B CBOft rHÍB1» HeyMOJHMUft,
XoTfl fo Tenept, Roraa a ÓpaTy Mmy,
HterHaBmeMy Mera ci TaRHMi óe^ecrbearL.
Tor* hoMaeto, cb ríjmi BCTynemb tu bt> coum,
Kojb aojkho BtpBTb npopen.aHbflMt $e6a.
Botb, HMeHeMX OTeqecBHXi ÓoroBi,
HCTOIHHROBI CBflO^eHHUXI* yMOMK), —
TasoBiyse HeciacrHOMy, saRi tu,
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Oóobxi Haci eAHHutt toheti pora,
H xjvkfa lysaxi nojeft — oóohmx ropeRi.
Mest tímí, Rasi totb, yBu! BJiacTHTejib Obbi,
Ha#b HamBMH MywHbaMH CMierca!
Ho Kbpb, aaotf&a CRopo e jierRO
Mu nofiiwrMT,, kojil 6yaemb tu co mhoio,
Orei**! AOMOft a BOdBpan^y Te(5a
H caMi BepHycb, cb nosopoMi BuruaBi Ópaia.
ji 6ea?b Tetfa — Ha raCe-ib o6pe*eH*b,
Ob TOÓott— Mory yiRe notftfloft XBacTaTb.
Xopx.
Bo EMA rfexi, RÍarb nocjaHi obi, 3^Birb,
He OTnycRafi npHinejbn.a Óesi OTBfrra.
^a, ecjiHÓu, o, CTapn,bi, He noc/iajn>
H cjiORb mobxb He cne.TB ero aocto&hhmi
Banrb n,apb Teseň, to btoti HejOBfaťb
Moti rojioeb Óu bo-bíkh He ycjiumajn*!
Tenepb se boti, OTBÍqy a, ho tori,
íto Óyjera jrbshb eMy yxe He m> pa^ocrb.
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KoTopuMB tboí 6paTi> BJiaAfcerb hhhí,
He nocTUAHJCfl tu oma nporaaTb,
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H Ha JIOXMOTbfl HBH^eHCRÍa, Th,
TItÍ) HUH& CaMT> OHJiaRHBaTb npBXOAHmb,
HocTBrHyTufi Moeio se cyabóoft.
Ho KOHHeHO, — cJiesaMH He noMO&emb:
MojraaTb, TepniTb #o CMepTB, h Te6a
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&AHITB Rb BOlOHft. 75
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Tu, TH OAHHt — BBHOBHHKTb 9THXI U^Khl
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BpoAaroio, b y qystHXi jm^eft
BuMfLiHBaTb sacraBHXL xj&fe Hacymaufi!
B4j& ecraóu He joiepn moh —
Tu npe^ajTE 6u onja rcaoAHOft CMepra:
Oe4 MeHfl neTaiorB h xpaHara,
Oh4 — Myse vb crpaAaHBBxi, a He atero.
A 8U — APyrHIfB, He MHOK> pOSA^HU.
Bon sa TOÓoft c&AETb yai abhovb MecTH
H nopasHTL, Kára tojbko ABHHemb paTb
Ha ctíhli Óhb*,— h tu hxi ne paspymanib,
A caMTb naxemb bi spoBH, h Ópara — cb toÓoé!
A npoKjflJii. Bací h CHOBa npoKJiHHaK):
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H CBOpO BU yBHJHTe, HTÍ> 8BaHHTB
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B*aí> botl se c&dpu HTHTb OTD,a yn&iH!
y»e Tenepb ohh bohlih bi tboA aoitb,
Bonům moh npoKJflTba, objmaIuh
Tbohmi npecmiOM-b, ecjiH npaB.ua edb
Ha HeÓecaxi vl saKOHaxi bítohuxi 3eBca.
Hoah tu upoib, OTBepseHHufi oth,omt>,
Mest aiuMH sjrlftniift, asBepra HeHaBHCTHufi,
Bo3bMH &b coÓoíl npoBJUTie Moe:
Hh poahhu sonieMi He saBOioenib,
Hh Aproca tu He yBHAfluib bhobb,
Ho otb pyBH po^HMofi noratfaa,
HoryÓBHib tu h ÓpaTa CBoero.
Botb Mofi saBirB, b npHSUBaio Taprapt,
y^acHuň Mpasi, rA* moB OTeiv* cospurb,
Ha rojiOBy tbok>, OTaeyóiflija!
£ npH8UBaH> rposHEJXt 9bm6hha%
H 6ora Ópam, ÓyfiHaro Apea,
%b apocTbio HanojiBHJit Bairb cepAija!
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KaAneaHaMX h bcímt* boxa^mx coiobhhm*,
Kaní, HarpaAHJit a cuHOBeft mobxi!
Xopi.
Ybh, cttja npemejt tu He na paAOCTb,
O, IlOJIHHHBfc, — CKopte yxoAfl!
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76 JftCTHBKB BBPOntl.
HOJIHHHRI.
Bce KOHqeHo! %?> c/vkaajifc a, HecqacTHuft!
Kyja mobxb cok)3hhrobt> npHBejrb!
Tyaa, OTRyAa Óomne hštl BOSBpaTa,
ífa umy, šero Hejibsa smi h otrputb!
H, 3Hafl bojho Póre, AOJsera MOjraa
Hath HaBcrptqy ra6ejn Moeft:
Ho Bací mojwo, B03JiK)6jieHHua cecTpu, —
y&acHua apopo^ecTBa OTi^a
Bu cmmajifl: ÓoraiiB saRJHHaio,
O, e»ejiH BepHeTecB bu flOMOft
H oroee npoRJflTbe coBepmoTca,—
Toiyja xotb bu hc npe3pirre Meaa,
Yconinaro novraTe norpeóeHbearb, —
#a 6yAen» BaMi, RaR* 3a jik>6obb rb <mjy,
HeifeHBinafl XBaaa sa s&ioctb kb ÓpaTy.
Ahtbtoha.
O, MHJiifi mo&, nocjiymaficfl MeHa...
HOJIBHHRl.
CRaaui, o qeiďi>, poAHMaa, tu npocaniB?
ÁHTHrOHA.
Spart, He ryÓB otohshu h ceóa!
CRoptň Be^M Hasa^i ApysuHy b*b Aproci.
IlOJIHhHKX.
Tenepb, cecTpa, ys*B nosjHo: OTcrynHB*,
He coóepy a bhobb xaRoro BOficRa.
Ahtbtoha.
Ybh, ahm, sarfura Óesyímutt narfeBx?
3a^Mi Te6i ryÓHTB pojHyH) seMJio?
HOJHHHRl.
Hosopií— 64»aTB h cTapmeicy TepirfeTB
Orb Mjra^raaro Tanoe nopyraBBe.
Ahthtoha.
Ho tu vhfl,b 3Haemb: BaMi oÓobmi — CHepTB.
IIpopo^ecTBa He Moryra He CBepniBTBca.
HOJBHHRX.
#a, SHaco Bce, ho OTcrynBTB HeJiB3a!
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dffiWb Kb KOJOH*. 77
ÁHTHrOHA.
O, 6&AHiifi Mofl! yciumaBi npopnijaHbe,
KtO 3a TOÓOfi OCM^HTCfl HOftTH?
DOJIHHHBI.
On, hhxi a CBpoio: Boaflb Ha no.ie ópaHH
AypHyio B$CTb He AOJxeHi npeeocHTb.
AhTHTOHA.
y»eJb TBoe pímeHbe HeasMÍHHO?
HOJIHHHBI.
Aa, a noÍAy, OTBep»eHHHĚ otijomt,
3pHHHÍflMB rpOBHHMH rOHHMUft,
Co crpaniHOMy, nocjri&AHeMy nyní.
A Bacb, poAHíja, Harpa^HTL 3eBecb,
Rojib MepTBOMy onaseTe bu MiuocTb, —
IIpH SHSHH mhí yxe HeJlbBH HOMOHb.
ílpocTHTe se, o, mému*, HaBÍKH:
Bh óojibrae He yBHflHTe MeHa!
ÁHTHrOHA.
O, a HecqaciHaa!
HOJHHHRI.
Cedpa, He naaib!
Ahthtoha.
KaKb Ha^Tb TOÓoft He naaitaTb, ropbRifl! — Basy,
íto tu H^eoib Bi nornÓeJiH CBoeft.
IIOJIHHBBl.
Kojib Por* cyAH-ix, — yMpy.
ÁHTHrOHA.
O, wbrbl nocaymaft!
DoJIHHHRfc.
He yóbsAaB!
H tu norafo...
AhTHTOHA.
O, ropě Met! h tu,
ÍIOJIHHHKt.
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Bx ero pywfe h sesHb 110a, e ciiepTb.
Ho bu — hh^ími He sacayatHjH ropa:
O, MHjjua, *a coxpaHHTb BacT» 3eBCb!
{UoAUuuKb yxodui
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78 BftOTHHBX EBPOntí.
Xopx.
Cmpocfia nepea*.
Boto eme hobhh óbjíí, ysacHEia
Bin^ii cróneiix, HanpopowiBX, sOBero,
Eseje Ilapsa ero He cpasHTx,
H6o BejitHBfl 6oroBX HenpeJOSHua
BpeMfl BCeBHAflmHlTL OROMX ÓJUOAeTX.'
Tt — nepesx adrie rojn, Me&niTejiBHO,
Ti — coBepmaerB MrHOBeHHO... Bu cjiuniHTe,
CjmniHTe — rpoiix.— O, 3eBecx!
3ahhx.
Cicop&e, aíth MHJUfl, BeJHTe se
IIosBaTb ro mh* Te3ea faaropoAHaro.
Ahthtoha.
ÍIoBijaft Hanx, OTeijx: sarfufx soBemb ero?
3ahhx.
Bx Ahjx ce&iacx RptuiaTuft rpoiix 6oxecTBeHHuft
Ymhhtx Meea: cRopftft, CRopfefi, — He MeflJHTe!
Xopx.
Aumucmpocfia emopa*.
3arpoxoTajix, saryjknx ysacaroniift,
BoseCROfi X^ftHbH) HH3pHHyTU& rpoMX.
dumeTe, bojiocu auóomx Bcrarorx,
#yxx 3«MHpaeTO, a ní) He6y mojihíh
Břemen, bo tbmí CMeproHOCHHiix oraeiix.
Bose! Roro nopasHTx OBa? GrpamHO mhí,
OrpamHO; bí^b mojhía AapoMX He naxaero.
O, TpoMOBepseirB 3eBecx!
BflHHX.
RoHeiix, ROHeciX Moft, j4th! botx nocjiiAHifi tocx:
Tenepb yax fffcra cnaceHtu, HeRyxa (Husara!
Xopx.
Ho RaRx tu SHaenib, Hojeny tu ciiepTH ajemb?
9ahhx.
fl 8Haio... CMepTb Moa 6jH3Ra... Ilpotny, mojik) —
CRopfcft, CRopíft nosBaTb ro mhí BjiacTHTeja!
Xopx.
Cmpotfa emopasi.
BjHse, ÓiHse ryjix rpoMOBuft,
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dJSJ&Wb Kb BOJOH*. 79
TpecBi npoH8Hrej[BHíi&! IIoMB.ayfl,
O, noMusyft, .BceMorymift,
Ecjih tu H^emb bo MpaKi
Ei Haraefi Maiepe-3eMJii!
Orb npoBjflTuxx, ocy&AeHHtixb
OTOfiAeirb: #a 6yAerb ci bsmh
TojibBO Myai 6orojK)6HBuň.
3eBCb-OTeirb 9 kt> Teó$ Bsusaem:
Ilontaxn!
dtAHni.
lineu, jih ijapb, o, mbjua? sacTaHero jh
Tesefi Meaa bi shbhxi ein,e h b* pasyirfe?
Ahthtoha.
KaByH) TaftHy xo«mb tu OTBpuTb eny?
3^Hnx.
JI OTnsaTHTb xoqy eaiy sa mh.iocth,
HcnoJieHTL Bce npe.ni CMepTbto, htó oófcmaHO.
Xopx.
Aumucmpocpa emopas.
O, opn^H, npHAH se, chhi mo&,
Ecjih aaae bi OTAajeHbH
Ha kohu,* paBHHHu, vb sepTBy
Bory iiopa — IloceftAOBy
3aBO^aeniB tu Óhkobv.
H6o xo^erb rocrb, Basi aojijrho,
3a npiiorb rocTenpiHMHuft
Harpa^HTL Te6a h ropo^b:
O, ne Me^jin ae, BJia^una, —
riocniraafi!
TeseS.
3aqÍMT, OMTb MeHfl soBeTe, crapuu?
Kanoe 3fl4cb CMaxeHbe, htó sa bphbi?
SI ysnaio h rojocL qyseseMija.
Hab MOJiHifl yAapejia, HJb rpa^t
H CMepni? Kojib 3eBCb nocsajii Tasyio
To HdAO 6uTb roTOBUMi bo Bceuy.
JlfiXjfiuicx a, BJiaxuBa, HasoHei^b-To:
Ha pa^ocTb (fora noc&ajirb Te6a bo mhí!
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80 BfcOTHHRX EBPOIIUL
TE3Eft.
Cuhi Jlaioca, noBÍ,na&: htí) CJiymviocb?
SL yMHpaio h xoiy HcnoJHHTb,
5tó odima^t Hapo^y h Tetffc.
TE3E&.
íto CMepTB TBoa 6jH3Ka, — omy^a sHaenib?
MhÍ B03B&CTHJIH <5orH MOft ROHei^b
IIpilMbTaMH HeJH&HBUMB.
TeBeB.
KaKHMtí?
BjIHCTaHbeMt MOJHÍfi, rpOXOTOMl rpOMOBb,
RiiAaeMuxi pyRoft HeOAoaHMoB.
TE3Eft.
íl Btpjo: npopímaHia tboh
Yse ne paši CBepmajiHCb: itď se A*a&Tb?
3ahhi.
fl Hayny Te6a, 3reeBi cuh-b,
£ OAapio 6e3CMepTHHMH AapaME
TboB Bpaft: noftAGMi, Te6a a npHBeAy
Caro-, 6e3T> pyRH Bosaiaro, bt> to mícto,
Ta* yMepeTB a AO-nsera, — ho cmotph,—
He OTKpuBafi th heromy »HBOMy
TaHHCTBeHHaro rpo(5a Moero:
JJa 6yAerB oh* Te6i oxpaHoft bíhhoS,
HaAesH^e Bcfexi Ronift e m,HTOBt.
CBflTbieio bthxi raBex HeHspeqeHHuxi
Te6i OTRpoto miťB, Hae^Hei.
He AOJHKHO 3HaTb O HBXfc HH 9THHI CTapijaMT,,
Hh AO^epaMi BOSjfo&aeHHuirL mohmi.
Moj^h h tu, o, ijapB, jiHinb nepeA* CMepTbio
UpeeMHHKy OTRpoft, htoói Bt CBoft lepeA*
TpaAymeMy ohi nepeAajrc., h 6yAen>
BO BÍKH rOpOA^ TBOft HeOAOJIHMt
ft.ia BOHHCTBa, noefeflHHaro KaAMOMt,
Hc^aAia ApaKOHOBtix r L sy6oB , L.
y»i> cROJibRO ijapcTBi noryÓJieHO HenpaBAofi
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dJlflWb Fb ROJOH*. 8 1
M npa ijapaxTb BeJBKHxi: MeAMra 3eBCL,
Ho bhahtx Bce, — h rtxx He MHHen Rapa,
Kto, nomipaa ÓoaecKifi saROHi,
BesyMCTByerB, — nero Bt TBoeft seMJií,
O, MyApuft n.apb, bo bíkh &a He 6yAera.
HO 9T0KJ yHHTB TeÓH H6 HySHO.
Ilopa! fl c-aHmy: 3eBCi> MeHa soBert, —
nofiAeifb CKopift Bt HaaeaHeHHoe mícto.
A*th, cjii^yfiTe 3a MHOfi:
Ay, cjrfcnott BoaatTHft— apa^HXTi,
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ifiTe mb* pyRH, He mao;
bo MorHjy cain. Haft^y,
trn* a noKOHTBca: hahtc,
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ha no^seMHaa óorHM
spMecB, nyreBOAHTeJiB Ay^**-
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aem* th b% noadAHifi pas*
leBHAamia oto:
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, Bl ffllMOirB AHA* CRpOK)...
—tu caMi, HapoA^ TBoft h semni
iih Aa 6yAeTe bo b*rh, —
lctíh 6eso(5-ia^HOMi nopofi
9AHna BcnoMHHaftTe!
Xopt>.
Cmpocpa.
HTHTB MOJBÓOft A<>3BOJieHO
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^HAOHefi!
mhmi: A^fiTe CTpaHHHRy
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r, OKOHHHBt nyrb,
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k HOM HOASeMHHH,
uxo tíhh cnara.
tó Tepnfcra 6edi> bhhh,
BBift Tefti HarpaAHTL
CiiaAOCTHttMl OTAUXOMl.
6.
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82 MCTHHKl BBPOIIII.
Anmucfnpoýia.
BenvafiTe h8mi, Bjia,íijqHuu
UOASeMHUfl, íy^OBBmHllft,
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?tď Tam vb nemepi crepeiEerc,
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EjiHCTaion^ifl, rjiaARia
Abaobu BpaTa!
O, cMepra 6on> HeB^AOMíjS,
Ahta 8eMje h TapTapa,
Cmhph HQHBoro nca,
CTpaHHBKy KT, MepTBUíTB ÓeSMOJBBUlfB nOJflMl
DyTB oĎJier^B, — o, npBAB se, npB*B,
Bceyctinjflioin.iS!
BftGTBBRl.
CiaptBniHHu, Mory hobía&tb RpaTRo:
Bce KOH^eHO, 9ftBiia h&tb b-l sbbuxi.
A itď cjy^HJOCB TaMi h BaBi oitb yMepx, —
HejBdfl bi CJiOBaxT. HeMHorMXx pascBasaTB.
Xopi.
CBepmejiocB: ywepi obi, MflorocTpaAajBByfi!
BftCTHBR*.
HaBÍKX ymejrB otb sací.
Xopi.
IIoB%A&fi? Bára?
BosecTBeHflaa CMepiB 6uia ar tbxoě?
B*CTBBR%.
^ocToflHa yAHBjeflBJí dra CHepTB.
Bu bb^íjib, šasi okb ymeix OTCiOAa:
Hbrto B8i Baci» ero ne BerB, — obi cara
YKasuhWb HairB nyrb, cjrbnoŘ Boataraft!
Kor*a se mu npsniAB kb ílopory BeaflBEi,
CxoAam,efi pa^OMi, míahuxx cryneae&
Bx aoAseMHHft MpaRi, — Sabbi ocraHOBBjjcfl,
HsÓpaBi, oAHy bob MsosecTBa Aopora,
Ha#B caifiiMi ycTBem RaMeflflaro arépjia,
r*4 HÍKOwa Teseft b Ilepseofi
MerajiB xpysóu BŠpHtie aajora,
H clurB RaRt-pasx iiesi OopBRificRRxi CRara
H rpoÓOBOŘ ubtu h abroS rpyms
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d^am bt> eojioh*. 83
Ob TBR&UWb AyMOMl. HOTOlťB O^eSAJ CHHJl
H AO^tepflMl BOAH A** OMOBeHÍft
H BoaiiflHift npHHecTH bcjtímb.
Oh4 nonuffl b*b ^eneipt MHorooiOAnoft
Ha aceuft xojitb, qxĎ BHAeHB esjajm,
HcnOJIHHJH OTIJOBCBOe Beji^HBe,
BepHyjiHca, oÓmiuh CTapeica
H HOBOK) OAeSAOK), BaKTb aojxho,
yspacHJiH. Korja se BecB oÓpjiAi,
Kaši ohi sej&zrB, CBepmBjna ÓiarojťkiHO,
To rpflHyji 6on noAseiiHUMH rpoMaMH
H AÍBymKH 3aTpeneTajiH: nara
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H otb Hero He otxoahjh npo<n>,
H Óhjih Bii rpyAB ceóa cb nporaKHuirB Boasem.
H orní CKasa^TL, npnsaBi A*Teft b*b rpy^a:
„0, MHJHfl! npocTHTe, yMHparo, —
Bce B0HH6H0: HTOfo HaKOpMHTb OTIja,
Banx 6ojie crpa^aTL yae He HaAO.
fl 3HaK), XHTB CO MHOK) 6 LI JI O TpyAHO,
Ho a jiioÓhjix BacB, a*th, Basi hhbto
li HHKor^a yxi (foiBine He hojuoČhti:
Mofl JioĎOBb bc& MyM yroMJia!
Ho botl Teneps yft^y, h (Sesi iiera
Bej 6yAeTe cobc&itb oah* Ha CB-ferfc*.
Torxa ohh bcš Tpoe oÓhajhcb
H aojto iuasajiH, — Korja se saiiepi
ÍIocatAHift boiub, — Haeraia TaniHHa.
B^pyrB qefi-TO rotora npOBByian kb (fesMOJBBH,
H bojocu y Bdkxt Ha(n> auóom* BCTara
Otb ysaca, a tojiocb thxo 3Baji>:
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H yciuxaB^ 6osecrBeHHufi hphshbi,
Owb noftofiTH BejrfejTL i^apio Teseio
H npoH3HeeB: n 0, 6pan> MOfa, pyKy a '
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*Ito CA^aemb tu Bce am hhxi, tt6
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EJapB HOBdifljicfl MOJBtíy ero hchojihhtí
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84 B&CTHH&b EBPOnu.
Bx nocrf^Hifi paši Afcreft BOCHyBnniCB, mojibhjx:
b O, aoiepil, My»afiTecB,— mb4 nopa;
Hh bh^ítb Baiti He ci$xyero, hh csBímaTB
3anpeTHaro, — ciynafiie ae CKopifi!
#a fiyflera sa^cb Hae^HH* co mhoio
JIhIHB BiapB ÁOHHl, HTOfo 3HaTB H BHA*TB BCe".
H 3a jítbmh norajH mu cjritoOM*, nj&qa,
3ahhobo BejtHbe ycsuxaBi.
Ho OTofi.ua HeMHoro, orjurayjHCB
H bhahmí, hítb ero yse hhiv$,
Oahhi Te3e8 ctohtb, ORaMefffeBx,
Oti ysaca saKpuBt jihijo pysaMH,
KaBi 6yAT0 6h oh*b B^pyn yBHff&Jix to,
%b BHHeCTH He MOryPB OHH CMepTHBIXX.
ITotomx, cnycTfl HeMHoro, n,apL ynajrc*,
Ilpociepcfl hhij-b, MOJBĎofi ÓJiaroroBifieofi
IIohthbi Ojumwh h 3eMJH). Oob oahhi,
H ÓOJlte HHKTO H31 BC&Xl SHBymHXt
He BÍ^aera, Rasi yMepajn d^ErirB.
He orHeHHOK) chjioh) rpoMOBX,
He Ba Mop* no^HABraeroca Óypefi,
Ohi thxo Bdarb noeJiaHHHROifi óoroBi,
Hjb nponacTBH) Anaa ÓJiarocBJíOHHOfi,
TaeHCTBeHHO pasBepsmefica no#B hhmi:
H TaK-B jierKO, Tasoio ahbhoů CMepTBio
He yMupajTB enje hhbto. Hycsaft
GaoBa moh coHTyra (SeayMBeMx, — npaB#y
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HHBor^a He hpocthtb
HaiťB po»^eHBa npos^flTaro;
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86 BfcCTHHKB EBPOnU.
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9AH0T» B* KOJIOHfe. 87
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3a6yAí> se, He AyMafi!
Ahthtoha.
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88 BftCTHHKt EBPOnH.
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O Aa, HecrepoHMaa, xy»e, yImi* CMepib!
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H By#a MeHa Beflemb?
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BjiarocjiOBeHbe AeHHaMi.
3tHMI BeJIBBHMl oGtUbWb BHHMaďb
OpKOCi, Bcecjuraamiň ačmohi.
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&AHITB BT> KOJOHfc. 89
Ahthtoha.
Ecih Tasí Ohi Bejrkii, — uoKopiocb; a Tenepb
OroniJiH se Haci bi apesma 0hbh.
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BesEOHe^Ha moh dnarojjapHOCTb.
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Bojibme ctohobi He Haao: CBepmtuiocb!
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lEOHAPJJO M-BHHqH
Ero pyKonncn
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*) Cm. BHme, ídhb, 475 CTp.
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JEOHAPAO M-BHB1H. 91
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h KOTopoio Ha ion. 3Haieaie Teiua h cstoa, HcnycBaeifaro cojh-
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Moatera cboóoaho creqb kb Hero h CJiysuTb ajb neiama ho<irh,
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JOBtita. ^a-BHflqn eaqHHaerB cb Ha(taK>AeHÍ& h HSMtpemft qecro
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rtrejbCTByřomie o tomi, qio xa-BHHqu y»e Tor^a saHHMajca aaa-
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MeTo^HqecKH h MHoroKpaTHO pasc^Rafl Tpyna h hx*b qacra, — to
Aia H3yqenia MycRyjOBi, to ms n3yqeHÍa RpoBeHOCBHXi cocy^OBi,
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92 BfcCTHHRl EBPOnhl.
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TOMa npe^aBaJica saHariaMi aaaTOMÍeio, npHTOirs He rhhshoio,
apaficRo-rpeiecROio, a aHaTOMieft HaA* TpynaMH, co CKaJibnejieMi, b%
pyRaxi. OffB cl yAOBOJBCTfiieMx BcnoMUHaen o eoiaxx, npoBe^eH-
uuTb hmx cpeAH TpynoBi! „Tu npbHHRHyra jik>6obbk) k*l btoS
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maen> OTBpameoie, to, Mošen 6hti>, tu CTaeeinL 6ohtbch npoBO-
Ahtb H04H Haapojiert bi o6m,ecTBÍ neTBepTOBaHHUxx, otíoApaHHUXi
h Ha BHfli ctojb crpanrauxi MepíBeijOBi? HojioseifTB, qTO tu cra-
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RHHraMH, nocBam,eHHUMB aHaTOMÍn, — HeasB&CTHO. Tenepb, saseTcs,
cymecTByiOT-B tojbro qerape hjb hatě TeTpaAefi, nocBam.eHHuxx
aHaTOMHiecKHiii Bonpocamb.
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ero pasBHTie, a Tanse „npOMeasyTORi BpeMeHH, npoTeKaíom,ift otl
oaho& cryneHH ero pasBtma ao Apyroft", T.-e. 9M6pioioriio. Ohi
Tasse H3yqajrb pocra qeaOBÍKa, Rocmyio, MycRyjBfiyK), HepcHyio
CHcreMU, asHJu, cyxosnjia, BeyTpeHeocTH. Ero He tojbro RaRi
xyxosHHRa h ncHxojiora saHEiiajH nepeMÍin,eflia MycRyJOKB npn
pa^ocTH, ropfe, rH*BÍ, ysacft, cmíxí, rphr4, uiav&, 6iraHÍH,
xoab<5*, npuraHÍH, yA&p£> HeceeiH TasecTefi, npn ncnojieeHÍH toB
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BL AOmeAHIBXl AO HaCB pyROHHCflXl HaXOAHMT> AftSe OTA&IBHUa
rjaBu dToro Tpy^a cl iHCTO-aHaTOMH?ecRHMH pHcyHRaMH. 9th no-
ci^AHie He tojibro AJfl Tóro, ho h AJa Hacroamaro BpeMeHH h
HayiHO-B^pHu, xyAoaecTBeHHO ncnoíHeHu.
IIpHBeAeirB eme oaho mícto H3x pyKonaca Aa*B0HHH, noRasii-
Baioir^ee ao RaROň creneHH noAo6Hue jhoah Moryn 6utb bi to ate
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1E0HAPA0 AA-BHH1H. 93
BpeMa h remaaBHHMH cnen,iajiHCTaMH vb pasHuxi oÓJiacran sh&híji:
,Egih tu csaseniB, vro Jiyíme bha&tb, mhcz aHaTOMepyiorb, íím*
puai&TpiiBaTB npeAJaraeifue mhok> pacyHRH, to tu CRa&emB npaBAy.
Ho, Kb cox&iíhík), HeBOSHOSHO Ha OAHOifB h tomt. »e Tpyirfe bh-
jfek Bce to, mí) Te6i MoryrL noRasaTB noAotaue pncyHRH. Ka-
Km ÓH TH CHOCOÓHUITB qe£OB&ROirB HH <$HJťB, TU yBHAHlHB H
y&Haenrb jramb h$crojibro silii; jaa Tóro se, ?toóh nojyqaTb
ofe dTHXi atMaxT. B-hpeoe e nojraoe sHaHie, tu AOJisenB óyjenib
pasdro, hoaoÓho mh4, Óosfbe AecaTH qejiOBlraecRHXi TpynoBi, pas*
pynniKb bc* ocraJBHUfl qacrH, pacn^eniiBi bcí MycRy.au, ROTopue
OKpymaiOTB 9TH »MH, ftO CEMUXX HOCjrflAHHXl HXi 9JieKeHTOBB 9 H
He npojHBi» npn btomi hhoě kpobb, Rpoifi toS, ROTopafl Haxo-
XHTca bt> e^Ba bhahuxi KanHJiiiapHuxx sHjicaxi. Oahh*b Tpynx He
hotb mhí cjyjRHTb bo Bce Bpeiffl Moero Hscji^OBaHia, h mhí npH-
nuocb Hffra nocTeneHHO Bnepe^i ctb homod^bk) pasrfraeHia ctojb-
vsTb rpynoBt, crojbso hxi TpetiOBajocB am nojraaro ypasyMimifl
jiua. KpoMi Tóro, a AOJsem 6ujix npofffciaTB bc4 Ha&uoAeHÚi
no jBa pasa ajh Tóro, hto(5u ycMorpfrrB pasjíHHHua yMOHeHia 1 *...
Rb oÓJiacTH cpaBHHTejbHofi anaTOMÍH JleoHapAO a&"Bbh^h
aBjflerca npeATeieK) HayRH XIX cro-alma. Ohi nepBuft oÓpaTHJii
BEHname Ha rt aHajiorie, KOTopua cymecTByiorB iieasjíy cootbít-
CTBeHHHMH opranaHH y pasHuxi »hbothhxt», npHHaAJiesan^axi
,b&e& 6u vb OAHOMy BHAy tt (quasi di simile spetie): MexAy opra-
H&MH ^eJOBÍKa, OťfeSbHHH H ffiHBOTHUXX HeTBepoHorHxi. Bt, cbo-
ra c6jH«eHÍaxT> aToro poAa okb upftrb Tara AaaeRo, wo crjio-
ueiea jase hphtocjhtb HeaoBÍKa r* KJiaccy qeTBepoHorHXi,
eroraera Kpuiba hthiju h pysn qejiOBÍKa ^praoaMH cooratTCTBeH-
huhh h A&se yTBepsA&erB cjrfmyiomee: „MycRyau, HepBu h oah-
usoBue qieHu pasHuxi shbothuxx OTJiH^aioTCfl ApyrB otb Apyra
tojlro A-renoH) h tojhd,hhok) cBoeio, RaKi STO Óy^eTb ooKasaHO Bl
aHaTOMÍH a (pyKon. 6). 3thmh h ApyrBMH cbohmh BsrjaAanH cpaB-
HEiejBHO-aHaTOMH?ecKaro coAepsaHifl aa-Bhhhh, em,e bi> Haqajrfe
XVI b m paspuBaerb bcí cbjish cb HaHBHO-cxojacTHqecKHMH Bsraa-
umh h H3MBmaeHÍaMH ero BpeMeHH h nepexoAHTi k*b ^hjoco^cro-
laaTOMiraecsHMi ROHi^enitiflifx h BosspŠHÍflirB, b*b ocHOBy rotopeixi
y HETypaiHCTOBi Hamero B^na jrerjia n^ea sbojiioi^íh. ^ase wb
ceoefi „JfoA** — JleoHapAO a&*Bhh^h nsoCpasaeTB ^iocRypoBi h Jie-
feAfl TaKi, hto TéHi, b*b CBoem conocTaBJieHÍH „JIsAt" y Aa-BHHM,
MneiB-AHAseJio h RoppeAsio,— conocTaB^eHie, hphboahmomi TéHOMx
Au oxapaKTepH30Bama Tóro, RaRi TpyAHO OTAaTB npeHMymecrBO
WMy hjh ApyroMy npoHSBeAeHiio HCRyccTBa, — roBopera o „JIsa* 1 *
Aft-BmraH Kb caiAyiomHxx Bupasenijixi: „Mm y Hero ctohtl
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91 BftCTHHKB EBPOHH.
CTu^jíHBaa, onycTHBi i\aasa, h rnÓRia, H3BHBaiom,iaca jihhíh ea rfua
npoBBJtByTu bucorhitb yTOHHeHHUirb HSflmecTBOMT,; icaBi HacToanuň
cynpyn, rfetieAB cbobmt> RptuioirB uowte no-qeJOBiqecKH oóhh-
Maen> ee, a MajeflbRie (tansHeiiu, Bu-ayDJiHBaiomieca m afiija,
CTOflTTB BOJji H TJSjflTb RaR1>-TO OCOÓeHHO, nO-HTH<IbH CKOCHBt
rjia3a. Tafifla nepBOÓHTHuxt BpeifeHi, poactbo qejiOB^Ka c% srhbot-
hbité, CMyTHoe $BJOco$CRO-fl8uiecRoe qyTBe exHHofi h Bceiiipeoft
2RH3HH HBI^t He BUpasaJlHCb CB TaRHMt XyAOSeCTBeHHUMX BKyCOMl>
h He o($HapysHBasH Tasoro Btm,aro nposp&Hia óyAym.BXT* Teopiff,
Kanoe oÓeapyasHJit btotl npoHpijaTejibHufi h BceofaeiíJHonut re-
Hifi a (cp. crp. 138 pyccRaro nepeBOxa „^Temft ofo HCRyccrB*",
M. 1874).
BecbMa oxotho o6pam,aaci> ri ToqKaMt spfcHia MexaHHRH bo
Bchxb tíxi CJiyqaaxi, Kor^a 9Ta, no mhíbík> aa-BaHqB, n ijapun,a
HayRi" Morja (Shtb eMy nojiesHa, oh-l, ROHeiHO, He Mon> He 06-
paiHTb BHHMama na MexaeeKy qjeHOBt qeJOBtaecRaro op ras 0311a,
ROTopyio Ohi CBejix, r^i sto tojero 6lijio B03MOKHO, kt> piraaraifB,
npiiBOAHiiUMi wb ABiuReHie MycKyjiaMB. Ohx cqHTaerc> npaMO He-
oóxoabmumx, htoÓci aHaTOMi BjaAiurB „cnocotiaMH reoMeipuiecRaro
AORasaTeJibCTBa h BUiHcneHiii chjei MycKy.ioBx*. Ohi TaRHirb o(5pa-
30mi aBJíaeTca OTqacrB npeAmecTBeHHHROMi TBopn,a TaRx-HasHBae-
Mofi „iaxpoMaTeMaTBqecKOň" MeAHiiHHCROfi hirojiii, JJsioBaHHB Bo-
peJUH (1608 — 1679), cHHTaBmaro MexaHHRy h $H3HRy ocboboio
aBaTOMÍH, a TaR&e npeAmecTBeHHHROiťB H^eft coBpeMeHaaro aHHiift-
CRaro aHaTOiia h $B8ÍOJiora ^seMca IleTTHrpbK), $paHijy8CRaro <|>h-
siojlora 3TbeHHa Mapa (Marey) b xpyraxi ctopohhhrobi Mexamrae-
crhx*b BSVABfifivb bt> o&iacTH aHaTOMÍH. JleoHapAO A&-BHH9H rOBOpHTL
bi, pyRonecH „o nojierlj hthivb" caiayionjee: „HayRa ofo BHCTpyMeH-
Tax-L, hjb MexaHHRa, BecbMa ÓJiaropoAHa h, CBepxi Tóro, Becbiia
HOjiesHa am Apyriixi, HayR*B noTOMy, q«ro bc6 OAymeaaeHHbia rfuia,
KOTopua cnocoÓHu ABHraTBca, coBepmaiOTO bc& AoexynHua hmi abh-
seaia bx saBHCBMOCTH otb noJioseHia hxx n,eHTpa TasecTH, roto-
puá noMtni.aeTca ke cpeAHHt mh bh* hxí, b kb saBHCHMOCTH otb
Tóro — óía^bx jih obt> hjb óorarb MycKyjiaMH, pnqaraMB b conpo-
THBjemeirb 6 .
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annaparb. Ho am MeqTa npHBeja ero toibro kx Bsy^remH) aHaxo-
míb nTBn,T>, B3CJiÍAOBaBÍio cBOfiCTBi BOSAyxa h ypaayM^Hiio Mexa-
hhrh nojieTa. MeTOA* dToro Bsyqeaia nopasHreieHx, Raai apKoe
AORasaTejibCTBO choco6hocth aa^Bhhw ri ToqHOMy ecTecTBeHHO-Ha-
yqHOMy pacqjeHeHiio AftHHaro aBjíeHia npBpoAM. Ohi B3yqaei-B
T&ta, nojuMaiomiaca bi B03Ayxi 6e3i> B^Tpa, rkaa, HOAUMaeMua
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jeohapxo aa-bhmh. 95
m%, caMHfi B*Tepb, ABHseeia tíji bi boa*, caMoe ARieme
nojHaria, aoaTOMiio Rptuia, jiameHoaro nepteBt, Kpujia, cHa&ReH*
naro nepbflMB, jnuneHHUMB CopoARH, crymeeie h paspiseme bos-
jyxa noAt AaBjemeMi, BJiianie yapyrocra aepa, Tasí HaauBaeiioe
„napeme htbiju", HeBBAHMyio BHÓpaijiio Rpaia, h t. a.
Bi Bonpocaxt $B3ÍojiorÍH JleoHapAO Aa-BaHia Tasse croaiii
Bume cbohxi coBpeMeeHHKOBi. OffB yTBepasAaJix, ?to „tíjio Bca-
saro npHHHMaiomaro onmy cymecTBa 6e3npeciaHHO yMBpaerb h
B03posAaeTcfl a , xora hítb nona HBRaRflxi nojosHiejiBHuxi AaH-
hhm a«m ypasyMÍHia Tóro, sam HMeflHO Oflt npeACTaBJíajii ce6i
aroTb npoijeccb. Ohi sHajrb, to „cepAUe Becbiia MorymecTBeHHiift
MycKyjT,"... JleoHapAO oieHb MHoroe sHaero TaRa&e h bsi o&aacTH
HepBHoft $B3ÍojorÍH, tohho ^opMyjmpyeri cym,eocTb pe^aeRTopHHXi
ABHseeifi, npeBoexoAHO nsy^aert rjiasx h ero <J>yHKiuK), ctijmsaeirb,
pariie KapjaHa, iuiasi Cb RaMepofi-oficRypoft, yacHaera ce64 saaqe-
Hie He tojibbo spa^Ra, ho h xpymuiHKa (pyKon. D); paHÍe hso-
ÓpfrreHia crepeocRona ohi yacHaerb cefó pojb ÓuHORyjuapHaro apieia
npH BOcnpifiTÍB pejbe$a rkax, OTMÍqaen> pacmapeme h ciyseHie
sparaa, a TaRace ycjiOBia bthxi aBaemfi. Ohi seaert &ase MHorie
^asTu, ecJB MoaKHO tskx Bupa3BTbca, 9 ncBXOJiorÍH spfcma", aanp.,
BiiaHie OBpysaH>n^Hxx npeAMeroBt Ha cyameHie o BejiuquHi oAHoro
m hhxi (pyRon. I), a TaRse aBJíeHie coxpaHeua luasoMi Bnena-
wteia Ha H^ROTopoe BpeMa, b t. n.
MaTeMaraKOK) Aa-BaHia saHHMaJica, cyw no AomeAniHMi ao
Haci noRa8aHÍaMi híkotopuxx bsi ero coBpeMeHHHROBi, oeoÓeHno
ycepAHO. He tojbro JlyRa AH-Bopro, ho b $pa-IIieTpo AH-HyBO-
wpia, RpattHe HecoiyBCTBeHHO o tomb CBHAircejibCTByrorb. IIocď&A-
hí&, Kb otbítfb Ha npoctóy repijorHHH Ustóejiau IVrnsaro, neraerL,
no noBOAy ea aejaeia npiofipfccTH HiROTopiia pa&mi rbcth
w-Bbhhh, Me»Ay npOHBMi, cjrfjAyíomee: ,hto Racaeica »b3hh
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(varial indeterminata forte), TaRt hto mojrho cRaaaTb, oh% asn-
Ben> B30 Ana bt» AeHb (h giornata)... Ohi ch.ilho npeAaeica 3a-
wmwb reoMeTpieit, BecbMa neoxoTHo o6paiu,aacb rb rhcth* (impa-
dentissimo al penello). Bx coqHHemaxi no Hcropia MaTeBiaTHRH
Aa-BaH^H OTBOAHTCa AOBOJIbHO CRpOMHOe MtCTO. HO 8TO He mí-
maert eMy, MHoro paHie .HeRapTa, CMOTptTb Ha MaTeiiaTHRy cb
AOBoabHO B^pHOfi MeTOAOJioraqecRoft tohrh sptHia. Ohi cmot-
P&tb na Hee, RaRB Ha Morym.ecTBeeHoe opynie ne TOJibKO a^
Bupaxeoia RoaBqecTBeHHuxi OTeoiueuiB, ho h saROHOB^ npu-
Poau. TaRt, Hanp. } vb pyRou. K HHTaeMb cjOBa, HanoMBHaio-
mia C06010 BswaAH IIjiaTOHa m Iluearopa: ,upoiiopu,in mu hrxo-
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96 BftCTHHKb EBP0HLI.
Ahmi He tojilro b*b qHCiaxi h MÍpaxx, ho Tasse B*B sByaaxi, bí-
caxv BpeiieeH & npocrpaHCTBaxi h bo bcabhxi CBOficTBaxi, Ba-
kobbi 6h ohh hh 6um u . B-b TpeTteft BHH#sopcBofi pysonncH no
npeAMeTy aHaTOMÍH HHTaem: „bto nspesaerB xyjy Ha MaTeiiaraBy
h ea BucmyK) aoctobíphoctb, totl cÓHBaeTca cb Hacroameft aopora
h HHBorxa He ocbo6oahtca on> npoTHBopiraift pasHuxi co^HCTH^e-
cbhxi HayKi, He nponsBO^am.Hxi. HHqero, Bpoi(& BiqHaro myiia
(ano eterno gridore) tf . Bi „TpaKTart o shbohhch* BcrplraattTCfl
emfi óojrfce sHaMeHaTejisHua caoBa: „HHBaBoe qejOBfriecRoe nsucsa-
Hie He Moaen HasuBaTBca HayBOio, ecra oho He nponuio cbbosb
CHCTesiy MaTeMaTHqecKHXx AOKasaTejibCTBt*. 3to mícto HanoMBHaen>
ciOBa h hmuiuii $HJOco$a KaHTa bt> ero ,MeTa$H3HqecKHXi ocho-
BaoiflXT* ecrecTB03HaHÍa a : „a yTBepsA&K>> hto bo bcjjbomi* qacTHOirB
eCTeCTBeHHO-Hay^HOMl 3HaHÍH M03KHO HafiTH JIHfflB CTOJBBO (hbU-
cmeumeAhHOů eayKH (eigentliche Wissenschaft), cbojbbo fb newb
mosho HafiTH MameMammu" . CteeBBAHO, a&~Bhhhh xoporao hohh-
uwb cnay ^AyRTBBHaro neTO^a, — owb c^inaera ohhtb ochoboio
Tasse h MaTeMaTHRH, ho pasx yse iiaTeMaraBa WHa, oht» ee cm-
TaerB ochoboio MHoaecTBa npaBTH^ecsHXi sHamifr, h3*b Hea BaKt
6u BHTeRaion^Hxi. „T4, KOTopue co CTpacT&io npejaiDTca tojbko
o^Hofi npaKTHKi 6es% HayBH, hoaoÓhh MopenjiaBaTejno, OTnpaBjflK)-
n^eMyca Kb njraBaHBe Ďesi pyaa h Óycco^a: ohh He Moryra jo-
ctobÍpho 8HaTB, Bj#a hajtl. Bcer#a npaBTHsa floa»Ha 6htb no-
CTpoeHa Ha xoporaeft Teopin" (pyson. G). „Hsyw npeABapHTejibHo
HayKy, sarfeMi safiMHCB toí npaBTHBoio, BOTopaa nopojBftaeTCfl SToft
HayBOfi*. Bt» pyBOHHCH F, aa-BHOTH OTirircaerB h&sl naMaTH: „KOi\a,a
tei (y Aa-BHHMH oto o6uHHafl $opiia oÓpameHia b*b caiíOMy ce(5t)
eaiosHniB HayKy o ABHsemaxi* boxu, bchomhh — hojcb sas^uMi npea-
jiosemeirB npHBecTH npaBTH^ecBia ea npHjrftHeHifl b% bhay toto,
ito noAoÓHaa Haysa BecBiia He6e3noae8Ha* .
IV.
JlEOHAPflO AA-BhH?H, SAKI JH^HOOTB.
MHorocropoHHOCTB aa-BHH<i0 nopasaero Bi Harae BpeMfl npe-
HMyn^ecTBeHHO noTOMy, ito Hanra vhwb xapaRTepHsyerca caeniaJiH-
sai^iefi saHaTifi h yMCTBeHHoft patfoTu ero npeACTaBHTe^efl. He Ta*
BOBa 6ujia Booóme anoxa HTajiBflHCBaro BOspos^Hifl. Bt> XV h
XVI croJiiTiaxx piAKaa óiorpa^ia CBOJBBO-HHtíyAB BHAaio^aroca
qeJOBÍKa Tóro BpeMeHH He sasjuo^aerB bt> ce(5i ysasaHitt Ha ero
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JLEOHAPflO .HA-BHErai. 97
MHOrOCTOpOHHOCTB, AaJieRO BUXOAfllUJK) 8E HpeA&JIH XHJieTTaHTHSMa:
sympi, rocy^apcTBeHaue jk>ah, npeACTaBHTejia pasHOOÓpadH^finiHxx
npcM^ecciň HepliARO BjiaAfcra ApeBHHMH asuRaiiH, 6o&khmi» cthxomi,
xyAOxeCTBeHHHMH BKycaMH; peMecieHHHKH Heorja aoxoamh, kb
oiesHiixx cl hxx peiiecjiOM* OTpacsaxi TexHHBH, ao bhchibxi cre-
neaeft xyAOsecTBeHHaro coBepmeHCTBa; seHmHHH nojyiajiH Heor^a
Bea»na TmaTeJbHoe h ifHorocropoHHee, ryMaHHTapaoe h xyAOse-
CTBeHHoe o6pa80Bame; A^TeS BOcnHTtiBajiH (J)H3eqecKH, yMCTBeeHO
h acTemecRH. IIpHMipoiifB qpeaBBiqaftaoft MHorocTopoHHOCTH, Kpoirfi
H3BÍcrHaro ^sioBaHHH IIhbo AeJua-MflpaHAOja, Mosero c&ysHTB
CpaBHHTe^BHO MaJIO H3b4cTBH6 JleoHÓarrncTa AjbňepTH (1404 —
1472), rjaBHifiniafl 3acayra soroparo nepeA 1 * HTajitaHCKOio iHTe-
paiypoío sasjnonaeTCfl bi toitb, *to oh*b nepBtift pinnuca Aara
napoxHOMy TOCRaHCROiiy Hapťriio npaBa jrarepaTypsaro A3LiBa h
TasHiťB o6pasoMi saMiHHTB hitb aaraHCRifi bshbi. Ob pas Báro
X&TCTBa JleoHÓaTTHcra BesA* 6iuifc nepsuirs: o ero nraHacTHie-
crhxx h aTjeTHiecBHxi cnocoÓHOCTaxi paBCicasHBaHKrB qyaeca, ohi
npurajn> Bume CBoero pocia 6eai pastora h yRpomaa* caiíBixi
jbkbxi JiomaAeň; MystiK* okb Haywjica Cesi noifonra pyKOBOAH-
iem, h comhhbjtb híckojbko MysuKaJBHtixi npoHSBeAeHÍft, npHBO-
AHBffiHXX Wb BOCTOprB SBUITOKOBI MySHRH; OffB ČlIJIl lOpHCTOMB, (J)H-
sasom, nncajii cxoAHEie cb operaHajioirB nopTpeTu, no naiíflTH
npeBoexoAHO jrhmun,, ycrpoBjrb yAHBmejiBHyio nakopaný acrpOHO-
MHqecKO-MereopojiorHqecBaro coAepsaHifl... „H Bce se, — ^o6aB-
uerB BypKrapKFB ri CBoefi xapaKTepncTHKi JleoHÓaTTnmi Ajb-
6eprH h Apyrnxx hoaoÓhbixi aiofleft toS ohoxh, — AjiBÓepra otho-
chtoí ki JleoHapAO a&-Bhhhh Tasí, Kára HaiHHaioniifi othochtca
kb Macrepy, kslkt> AMerraHrB othochtca r*b sHaTORy CBoero AÍU&".
Cflja h TaflHa rema a&-Bhhih saRamaeTca rjiaBHUMi, otipasoira
BB AÍflTeJILH06 H ÓesyCJIOBHOfi JUOÓBH Kb IipaB^i, Bl HBOAOJIHMOfi
norpeÓHOcni aeycTaBBaro TBOpqecrBa, b*b schocth h cmšjocth B3i\aaA&,
bb HaRjoHHOdH Kx noeroBHHOMy ^H.ioco^CBOMy oÓoómeHiio.
s JIosb HacTOJBKO npe8pÍHHa, — roBoparL a^Bhhih b-l CBoeft
pyKoiracH „o nojert hthiíb*, — hto eciHOHa h xopomo roBopirrB o
B03BHraeHHHXx h CosecTBeHHBixi npeAMeiaxi, to Torja ofla tojibko
ttmaerB rhwb 6o2BeerBeHHoe ero npejorecTH. HcTHea se HacrojiBRO
npeBocxoAHa, qio ecM OHa xBajiuTB xase hesría Bem,H, to OHa odia*
ropaxHBaerB hxi. Beai comhíbíjí, cyin,ecTByerB TaKaa se nponop-
W (tal proporzione) Mesjíy npaBAOft h josbh> } KaKi iies^y cbí-
TOlffB H TBMOK), H HCTHHa HaCTOJIBRO npeBOCXOAHa, HTO, RacaflCB
npexiieTOBi o6ujsfiEuux% h HHSMeHHBixi, OHa Bce-TaKH 6esi cpaB-
Hema Btirae aaÓjysAemft h jsh > aacaiomexcs Bem,e6 BOBBumeH*
Ton IV.— Idu, 1896. 7
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98 BfcCTHMKB EBPOOil.
bbixb h ÓjraropoflHuxi. EcjhÓh jiosb a*« qejOBfriecBaro yifa
Ótuia Aase datoio CTHxieio, to h Tor^a BCTHBa Bce-Tara ocraBa-
jiacB 6h Haajsy^meio nameio wa JiOAeft cb tohrhitb yMOMi, a
jiosb — am jirojeft cb ÓesnyTHUM* Mum^eoieMT) (vagabondi ÍDgegni) 11 .
Ha noaaxx xofl se pyRonscH bx btomi míctí npHOBcaHO pynoio
Aa-Bno<m eme CJii^yiomee: „ho, Koee^oo, ecM tu SHBemB pas-
HHlffH CHOBHA^HÍflME, TO CO^HCTHHeCBÍa paSCySAeHÍa H yBepTBH
BCflKHXX COJITyHOBX OTHOCBTeJIBHO B03BIJmeeHHXT> H TyiiaHHUXl
npe^MeTOBi Teťfo (faafce npiaTHH, ^4m*b AOCTOB^pH^a h ecrecTBeH-
Hua pascysAema o Bem.axx, He ctojb BOSBHineHHHXTb 11 („Codice
sul volo deglinccelli", crp. 12 operoHaja, 100 TpaHCRpuniUH).
3ia T<ma spima se ycrynnrB toS npaBTmecBOi, KOTopyio npo-
B08iviacHjiB ffiTe, roBopa: „a npeAnoiBTaio BpejHyio HCTBHy np-
jiesHOMy saĎJiysAemio: HCTHHa ncn$MieTb to CTpaAanie, KOTopoe
OHa se, MoateTx 6htb, npHHHHHJia".
Aa-BHH?H 6UJ1T> ^peSBHHafiHO KpOTOKl, H HeSJOÓHBB. „OAHasAH, —
pascsasBiBaerB Ahohhmb, — Korja JleoHapAO, bb conpoBosAemH Aa-
TaBHHu, npoxoAMi 6ibsb JiaBBH Chhhh, y n,epKBH cb. TpoBuu,
hšcbojibbo 8HaTHBixi jno^eft CToajH ba^cb h pa8roBapHBajH o Ba-
bomx-to m4ct4 bbb JJaBTa. Ybbaíbi JleoHapAO, ohh nonpocBjra ero
noAofiTH h flflxb hub oÓBacneme BToro M^cra. Bb to se BpeMa
3a4cl ciyHafiHO npoxoAHJiB MHBeJiB-ÁBAsejio; ero Tose nonpocHJiH
noAofiTH, h JleoHapAO cBasajni: „boto* MHBejB-AHAsejio, — obtb
BaM*B 9to oCmchhtb*! — IIocjiiAHifl noAynajiB, *to totb se^raero
nocM^aTBca HaAB hhmb, h pisso otbíthjtb: „ofeacHH bto cara!
ra bíab CAÍJiajx moacjib jiomaAH, BOTopyso He bb cocroaBÍH bbi-
HOJIHHTB, B TLI HOCTHflHO ÓpOCMX ee Ha npOHSBOJIi CyABÓEl". MHBeJlB-
ÁHAseJio npa btomb OTBepHyjica h, cb bbhoh) i$jibh) ocRopÓHTb
JleoHapAO, Ao6aBHJB: „h BOTopyio Te6i aobíphjih CA**aTB bth mh-
jiaHUH-jiBijeMtpH!*.. ^a-BHHqH c^BTajin MHJiaHijeM'*... Ecjh6h hto-
HHÓyAí> noAOÓnoe bto-jih6o CRasajiB caMOMy MnBejiB-AHAseJio, to
nocjiŠAHifi, Bonerao, OTraamjiB 6h oÓBA^BBy em,e (Joaie a8BHT&ib-
ELIMB B OCTpiJMB CJIOBOMB; BeHBeHJTO ^eJIJHHB, BtpOHTHO, AOHieJťB
6u ao ApaKH h, Bipya, hto ero pyBOK) HpoBBAÍHie HaBasuBaerB
BUHOBBBIXB H HCHeCTHBI^eBl, MOSeTB ÓHTB, Aa»e npHCOeAHHHJTB 6u y
bb sanajiB^HBOCTH CBoefi, kb coBepmoHHHMB hmb yse paHie doabh-
raMB Mmenia eme oaho yÓiflcTBO. JleoHapAO se orpaHanuca t6mx 9
^to npnMÍHHJiB BupaóoTaHHoe HMB DpaBBJIO, HO BOTOpOlíy OÓHA-
^HBy naAO OTBireaTB tojibbo TepnŠHieiiB. „Tepnime, — roBopHTca
bb ero aTJsaHTH^ecBoft pysonacn, — TaKB se 3amHm,aerB otb o6ha%,
saBB OAesAa otb xojnoAa: oaíhbcb nojsy^me, h xojoab, mkb 6h
obi hh yBejH^HJica, He ÓyAera bb coctoshíb Te6a aohbtb; paB-
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JEOHAPflO M"BHH^H 99
euwl oópasoiii, tí>mt, Cosie HaHeceHHaa Te6i ofa^a, tíitb cejb-
ffle yBejHHb CBoe Tepnftme, h ohe He (SyjerB to cocroamH ao-
(paTBCfl ao xymH TBoefi*... Bx OTHomeHÍH ípyseft, yieHHKora h
cjypL, a&-Bhhih AtflcTBOBajit cb npesBuqafiHofi AoCpoTOH), n^ex-
pocTBio h ójaroAymieirB. BojBHOAyMCTBO cbjibho noBpeAMO a&-
Bhhhr bi rjasaxx ero 6iorpa$ora, apaHaBmexi cy»fleHÍa Baaapa
o epaBCTBeHHOMi xapaKTept A&~BeBm BnpoieifB, hsx npocBÍm,eH-
heixx jno^efi XV Bfoa MHorie ryMaHHCTu 6hjh aobojibho HHAH^e-
peeTHu bx Bonpocaxx pejiario3HHxx, xotb, ROHeiHO, He bc& ocarfe-
MBfclHCB TaKB p*3KO $OpMyJBpOBaTB cboh paijioeajracTHqecKie
BarjiaAH.
HO BT» CpaBHeHÍH CB DOBepXHOCTHUMl. CBOÓOAOMBICJlieMX Tóro
BpeMeea, paijioBajiusMx ja-BaBin Óujit, 6oji4e ocaoBaTejea* h tiojrfee
c^epasaet, HacROJBRo mojkho 061 stoitb cyAHTB no hsbícthhmi
HeÓoiBmHiťB saMiTKaiťB noAOÓHaro co^epaaeia, i^HTHpyeMuirB hb-b
ero pyBOQHcefi bx HiROiopuxi coHaHeeiaxx, eMy nocBameHHiixx.
Aa-BflHiH tojbro mhmoxoaomx Racaeroa Tóro hjib HHoro cxojia-
CTHKO-tforocjiOBCRaro Bonpoca, OTBepraera bosmoshoctb paspšniHTB
ero h nepexoAHTB r*b oqepe^BtiMx xyAOxecTBeHHHM*, TexM^e-
ckhitb, BayqHHBTB h BTHHecBHMi Bonpocaira. He tojbro saB^maHie
Aa-BflHHif, ho h npaRasi ero OTHocHTejBHO Bcero Tóro, hím*b toao
o6craBHTB ero noxopoHu, ^OKaauBarorB, ^to oÓBHHeme ero b% hoj-
homx aieHBMi 6hjío HeocHOBaTejiBHO. MHoraro, npoTHBX iero JIio-
Tepi, B08CTaBaJTB H HTi) CBOÓOAOMHCJiamie XV- rO B*Ka BpHTHROBaJIH,
Aa-BeHHH e^Ba Racasca tohrož HacM&mRoft. HHorxa ohx bx bha*6
HeBBHHHXi, KasajiocB (fa, „npopoqecTBx* roBopMi o awemaxi
coBpeifeHHofi eiiy sbshh RaTOJBHecRaro ayxoBeHCTBa, Rasx (SyATO
ae sairfwaa, hto ero „npopoqecrBa" — a*bho CBepniHBraiftca $aK*n.
Tasí, aanp., oh*b CJrfeAyiomBMT) oÓpasoiťB xapaRTepBsyera „óyAymee
TopaecTBo" RamnaiecRaro AyxoBeHCTBa: „mhojkcctbo jno^efi nepe-
eraHyro TpyAHTBca h pafíOTaTB, ocraBarB saÓOTu o SHTe&CRBXx
(foaraxt, sjíotíy aha h bck) cyeTy schshh, npe^a^yrca BejiHqafimeft
pocRoraa, nocejiflTCJJ b*b BejiHKOjrfcnHianiHxx ABopi^axx h npn btomi
6yAyrL bqojihí yB*peHu, ito TaRaa shshb — eABHCTBeHHoe cpeA-
ctbo Aia yroacAema Bory*...
íto RacaeTca nojiHTBqiecRaro HHAH^epeHTHSMa, b*b RoropoMi
oÓBHHfliorB Aa-BHH?H, to sto 6ujio pesyjiBTaTOMx Bcero, ht6 co-
BepmaaocB Tor^a kb HrajiiH.
MejiKia qacTBBia bo&hu He saTporHBaJiH otfmwxx HHTepecoBx a
Beiacb pyKaMH HaeMHHKOBx; caiie HTajbaHi^ii cjihiukomt* aoposhjih
ceoen B3an^HO-o6cTaBJieHHOH) sh3bi>io, HTQ(h> pncROBaTB eio. Ra-
syn^eeca H3o6njie nojiHTHqecRBXi co(5uTÍfi He MOKera hphrpeitb
7*
49177
100 BfcCTHHKB EBPOIIU.
paBBOAyniifl, Cb ROTOpiJMl ÓOJBniHHCTBO HHTeJIJIlireHIUH OTHOOUOCB
vb TaBHifb BaatHHMTb npHHipinaiťB, sara caifoynpaBJíeHie; Tenept
ne Morjo 6htb h piren o tsboS aHepraiecsoft 6opt6i naprifi,
KAKyio nepesHBUx J^aHTe h ero coBpeiieHHBBH, o Tasoft jho6bh
b-b cjsaBfe h cbo6o#&, Karaa BOOAymeBJuuia PiemjH h ero xpy3efi.
„Cpea^e 6opi>Óa <J>aMBJiift nepexoAHja bi> 6op&6y npHHipinoKB, Te-
nepB, Bao6opoTB, Macca ropoflCKoro Baceaeeia ocTaBjflja 6e8i noft-
AepxBH Jiio^efi, pHCKOBaBiDHxi. bcímx xjm CBepsesifl TapaHOBi,
ecjiH tojbko 9th rapaHu ywfejni AOcraBjflTB eMy BCTeTH^ecRia Ha-
CJias^eBia h noMepxHBajiH HCKyccTBO h JHTepaTypy" („Her. Bce-
oómeft JiHTepaTypu" Kopma h KapiraHEHKOBa, 7, IV, ct. 239).
Opu TaKHXx ycaoBiaxi Aa-BHH?H ae hm&fb CKOJBKO-HitóyAB ea-
AexHOfi apeHH jm noJHTHiecBofi xtaTeABHOCTH, h oh*b noaTOMy
npejuiOTOTajťB, — nero eMy He mofb hpocthtb MHRejiB-AHAaeao,— •
jieji^flTB bi jiymi CBoefi botce HCBJuoqHTejBHO o(5mecTBeHHO-HpaB-
CTBeHBLie H^eajiu, a othioab He Hxeaju ÓorocjiOBCRie hjih hojhth-
qeesie...
^a-BBHin, no mhíhíh) Taea, Óujtl „npeKxeBpeMeHHHirB hso-
óybnare&ewb H*eft, BHTepecyionjHxi, HOBifiraee Bpeiui, BceoťJxeM-
jiioiiihiii h yTOHqeHHMMTb remem, ojbhokhitl h HeHacHTHUKB HCRa-
TejieMTb hobíixT) nyieft, saxoftanrairB bt> cbobxt* npospimflx* 8a
npeaknH CBoefl anoxn h HAynviifB Ha BCTptay Bamefi a („^Tesu
o&b HCKyccTBi"). ^a-BHHqn Me^ran o „<taaroxeHCTBÍH HapoftOBi",
o noA^flHeHÍH ^ejroBÍBy Bceft npepoAii, h hohbtho, ^to hh ^h-
tob-b ^Aai*", hh y?HHfleMHfl, no TpeÓOBaHÍio CaBOHapoju, ayro
fla-$e HaA*B BHHraMH h npoH3Be,neHÍaMH HCBycdBa, hh Hensfitat-
HBia Torxa (J)opMLi nojranriecRoft jkhshh MTajia, He moimih ero hh
pa&0BaTB, hb oropqaTB, hh pasorpfrrB jo Tóro, wofoi npHBjeiB
ero tli nojiBTHqecKofi A&iTejiBHOCTH, npeHcnojraeHHOí yciOBií, jm
Aa-BHHHH HecBMnaTHqHuxt, y Hero, Basi h y MHoroxi jno^eň,
SBByn^HXi wb HetfjiaronpiflTHUH jjui nojHTHqecBoft rftaTejBHOCTH
9H0XH, He ÓHJIO OT8£IB^HBarO H ^yBCTBHTeJBHarO, eCJIH MOffiBO TaKt
csasaiB, opraHa nojiHTH?ecBaro ^yBcroa, h nodToiiy oh*b k% nojni-
TB^ecBofi sbshh CBoero BpeMeHH oerajicfl paBHOAymeHx h He uorb
CMOTpfcTB Ha (J)HJOCO(J)ÍK) efl CB T01BH Sp^HÍfl ^JIOpeHTHHCBHXX, MH-
jiaHCBHXX Hjnr jíflxe oÓn^eHTajnbflHCBHxi HHTepecoBi. Oh*b 6euit>
KOCMODOJHTOITL, H ero MaHHJIH JtfUIB H BepCneKTHBU, HeAOCTyDHUH
^a»e am Tasoro rema, ts&kl MBRejB-ÁHAsejro...
Kaní, .na-BBHHH cmotp&ix Booóme Ha crpacTH h Ha hbcthhktu
»bbothoB npBpoAH ^ejiOBÍKa? ^Kto He oCysAUBaeTB, — roBopHTB
owb, — cbobxi BO»j$ejr&HÍfl, totb yHHxaerL ceófl ao cryneHH shbot-
HarO^ ? H 9TBMT, OHI BeCBlia UCHO 06pHC0BLIBaeTB CBOfl HpaBCTBeHHO-
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JEOHAP^O flÁ"BHHM. 101
3xopoBut H^earasMi, ne coBnaftaftnúft hh cl MHCTHqecRHM-B acse-
TH3M01CB, qySAUMl eMy BaRl H BCflROMy THOH^HOMy HTBJlBaHIíy E
Bnojifft sxopOBOMy qexOB&By, hh <tb rpyóuMX &nHBypeH3M0Mi> h
npe^ocraBJíeHieMT* qeJOB^qecitoB npepojti oahhmi jhhib shbot-
HiUfB BOS^ejieifllTL H HHCTHHBTOBťB (pyKon. H). HHTepecHO TO,
BaKB CB HpaBCTBeflHOÍ T01BH SpŠHÍH OH*B CMOTpHTB flase H Ha
aHaTOMHiecsoe crpoeme qejiOB^qecKaro opraHHSMa, roBopa bo bto-
poft qacrH 9 8HHA3opcKoft pyBOMCH a , no noBoxy „npeBoexoAHaro*
ycTpodCTBa leJOBtaeoBaro opranasMa, crf3,nyiomia BasHua fljia xa-
paBTepHCTHKH ero HpaBCTBeHHuxi HAeajiOBi oiOBa: „Mhí He sa-
SeTCfl, *TOÓH JIO^H rpyÓUe, CL HHSMeHHUMH apHBBiqBaMH H CB
MaiHicB paayMÍHieMX saanyaHBara oftuaftama tokhm-b npeBoexoAHHm
opraHB3MOMi», Kast qeJOB^qecKiň, h Tasoio coBOByneocrbio pasHO-
oÓpasHEixi annapaTOBi, sasaa yirlcTHa tojbko am juoAefi MEicia-
mexi h ct dHa^HTejbHuirb pasyMŠHieM*. nepBUMi AOCTaTOiHO
6mo 6ei oÓJia^aTL míidkomt* am cotiapama h HSBepsema nemá,
noTOMy sto OHfl npeACTaBJuiKKrB coóoio toulko Aopory am nea
(mi transito di cibo) h npiraaAaesaTfc kb pojy neaoBiraecKOMy jhhib
Ďiarojapa CBoefi pfcra h $Hryp4, Ha caMOifB se a*** Óy^yu Huse
mbothhxi". Bt xpyroft pyaoHHCH, npaHaAJesaniefi CoyTEeHCHHr-
TOHCBOMy Myseio, Ohi Ty se mhcib BupaasaerB eme pi3qe h cb
AOfiaBJíeHieMi TaKoro poAa, tto CeaftjiB (cTp. 332) OTBasajca on
nepeBO^a ea h npHBejrB tojbko HTťUbaHCKift tckctb. Bi no3HaHÍH
hcthhh Ohi bhahtb cpejCTBO kb HpaBCTBeHHOMy ycoBepmeecTBOBa-
hík), Haxofta, hto „ciinoe HeBteecrBO coBJíeRaera Haci cb bcthh-
earo nyTH, (taaroAapa rpytium paAOCTaifB shshh, — con effetto di
lascivi sollazzi" (TypHHCsaa pyKonacs). Bi „ATjaaTaqecBoft pyKo-
HHca a obpb ^opMyjrapyera HeoGxoAHMOCTB HCTHHearo no3Hama Bemeň
h qeaofffeBa cj^y^miMi otipasora: „npioÓpfrreHHoe b-b iohocth
npeAynpesAaerB <%ACTBÍa bt, crapocTH, h ecaa tu tojbbo hohh-
MaemB, to> crapocTH naTaHie — MyApocTB, to h Be#B ceťía TaRHira
ofipasoicB, ttoÓli Ha crapocTH jíti He npHmjocb HysAaTBca bx
aroft mratf*"... lyBCTBO Óesx pasyM^ma Aa-BaHqa He cwTaeTB ^a
qejOBiBa npajHqHLiM^ h noJiesHUMi: „óojibme qyBCTBa, Óojsrae My-
qeHHqecTBa, BejiHBaro MyqeHnqecTBa a („TpaBTarB o shbohbch*).
O^Hy juróOBB b*b qeMy 6u to hh Óujío Óesx CTpeM^eeifl Kt nosHamio
npexMera jh)6bh ohi cwTaerB HeAocTaTO^HOH), h dTa mucib no-
BTopaerca y Hero bo MHoraxi BapiaHTaxi. Bi „ ATjaHTHqecitož py-
Konaca", HanpHMipi,, qHTaeMi.: „Hnqero HejiBsa HCBpeHeo jhoÓhtb
hjh HeeaBHAiTL, ecaH coBctiTB He SHaeniB Tóro, ít6 tu jho^hoib
hjh HeHaBHflHniB; jk>6obb b*b npe^Meiy — #o% nosHama 9Toro npe^-
Meia; líbm 3Hame 6o^4e aoctob^pho, t£itb jk)6obb ropaqie".
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102 BftCTHHKb EBPOIIII.
BecbMa BHTepeceH* bswijwe Aa-BHHqn Ha jho6obb jibu^ pasnaro
nojra, ho wa ypasyMima BToro BsrMAa H&AO npaaoMHUTb, hto
Aa-BHH?H, oTeijx 8MHHpH3Ma wb <|>bjioco<|>íb, ciHTaeTi OAHasose
Aymy Bani 6u $opMOBn;Hije& ríuia. Bi pasHuxi ero pyRonHCJtxi*
mu HaxoAHMi yRasame Ha to, tto „Ayma ynpaBjaerb tíjiomx",
„qTO OHa SHSAHTejbHHi^a ero tt ; hoa* dTHira a&-Bbh«ih pa3yMfcerB,
mo AyraeBHHH ABB&eBÍ& bjíjuotb Ha rfjio HHOrja oóaaropasHBaK)-
mHMi, BHor^a npaifo npoTBBonojioxHUMi oÓpasoMi, CMOTpa no TOMy,
KaBHx^ ABBseHift Aymi npnxoABJíocb nepesHBaTb (kmíne: (taaro-
poAeuxt HJH HH3BHXX. 3Hafl 9Ty CTOpOBy MipocosepijaBia Aa-BHHqn,
BecbMa flpRO OTM^qeHHyK) vb ero „TpaRTarfc o xbbohbcb", mu
jerKO noftMeMX cjrfcAyionjee mícto „ ÁTJiaHTHqecROft pyROHBCB*:
»Ecjih Ayma qeaoB*Ka Bcrpfcqaerb Apyroro, no r&Jiy ROTOparo OHa
cyAHTi o co3AaBineft ero Aymi h o cxoactbí CBoeM* cx Aymoio
Apyroro qejOBiuta, ooa HaqnHaerb qyBCTBOBaTb JiroÓOBb, BjioÓJiaeTCfl,
h bt» stomx Rpoerca ra npnqBHa, qTO MHorie juoÓbtb h (Sepyra
ceót B*b seHu »eHn;BHX, Ha hbxi hoxoxbxi, h qro Aaxe caMaa
HespacBBafl jKesmima MO&ero BcrpfrrHTB ^ejiOBŠKa, KOTopoMy ona
nOHpaBHTCfl", H t. *.
TpyA*B h TBopqecTBO y A&~BBHqa BBJíaiOTca He tojbro ofosaH-
HOCTbK) B pesyJbTaTOM-B HeOÓXOABMOCTH, HO TdR2Re HCTOHHHROKb HH-
CToft cobícth b BCTBHHaro cqacTba. He MeHie B03BuraeHHa, npa
Bcefi CBoefi npocrorh, He MeH*fce CBOÓOAHa otb MHCTBijBSMa h upe-
HCnojiHeea bctbhho& MyApocra Ta TOiRa splraia, KOTopyio BOBce
He caHTHMeHTaiibHuft A&-BHHqH ycTaHaBJíHBaerb Ha jbhshb b CMepTi*;
nOCJL*AHK>K> 8TOTB HeJlOB^Rl TpyjtfL B COSHaTeJbHOft 3KH8HH CÁKNUTÉ
RpaeyroJBHUMi BaMHeMX CBoero cyn^ecTBOBaHia: „Kaitb xopomo
ynoTpeÓJieHBHft AeHb, — roBopan, oni, — j&Mevb am Haci bosmok-
hok) paAOCTB xopomaro cea, TaRi h shshb, HaAJesamBMi o6pa30Mi>
HaMB ynoTpeóJieHHaa, noAroTOBJí&erb Haci kt> paAOCTB CMepTB (da
lieto morire) a . 3toh> nocjiiaHeio paAOCTbio npoHBRHyTu h ero 3a-
B-femanie, u nocjrfjAHie ahb ero sbshb: ohb He nopa^OBajiH ero hh
BeiniBeMH ycnixaMH, hh opaBe^eHieMt bt> HcnojraeHie RaRBxi-aaÓo
njiaHOBi ero, hh paAOCTflMH ceMefieuME, ho „paAOCTB CMepTB B ohb,
KOHe^BO, noMtmaTb He Morjra. Obi bmíui nojHoe HpaBCTBeHHOe
npaBO npH3HaTb, hto ero SH3Hb hm-b ynoTpeÓjeea HaAJresan^BMi
otfpasoMi...
HecoMH^HHO, xyAOsecTBeHHO-dereTBqecRie BAeajiu Aa-BaH^H mho-
rocropoHHe b cbjbho noBJíiajiH Ha BCRyccTBa, a TaRae paspa(5oTaHEi
BejraqafimBMB xyAOSHHRaMB CJiiAyiomBxx sa hbmi bírobi. Pai^ioHa-
jibsmi Aa-BBHqa, bmíctí a> pai^oHajBCTBqecRBMi HanpaBJíeHieM^
MuaueHifl MHoraxi JHOjeft to& dnoxn, noiyqBJí AaJtHifiniee pas-
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JEOHAPAO M-BHB1B. 1 03
BHTÍe CBOe, ROHeiHO, B«B XVÍII H XIX BÍKaX^ 0, BtpOflTflO, SaEOE-
iutb séct i^hbjtb CBoero pasBHTia; TaKx hto to, stí> ototb paiuoHa-
iHsirE mopb AftTB no;ie8Haro TOJiOBiiecTBy, hitl, B^poflTHO, yse
jaao. ^aifte: eayKa, KOHeqao, ^ajia nejiOBfoeCTBy tfeaqaciieHBHe
Kapu, xotjj, no mbíbík) EpK>Hen»epa, chmh aoiimh 6yATO <5u ao
6aeKpoTCTBa, He ^asi eMy BCfl?ecsaro Ójraronojiyqia — iiaTepiajbearo
h BpaBCTBeeearo... KaR* 6u to hh Óhjio, eayiHue HieajH Aa-
BaoqH HanuiH Óoď&e mh MeHie coBepmeHeoe Boajiomeeie vb pas-
bhtíh Tonearo aHamfl b*b XVIII a ocoÓeaBO b* XIX erojiiTiaxx:
MaTeMaTasa, $n3HRa, xhmúj, acTpoaonia a óioaorifl aocthcjh TaRoro
pasBffria, o ROTopoMi Aaxe Aa-Baeqa eaBpaA* jih 6ojtb bi co-
ctoshíb MevraTB. To se cnpaBeAOBBo OTHOcaraiibeo TexHHRH a
npoMunueHHOCia, a Booóme OTHOCHTeatHO noAiaHema bo3mo»ho
6ÓJi>maro ROJiraecTBa cbjtl npapoAU ^eaoBiqecKOMy BHaeiio a bojí.
C. IHoxopi-TpoaRifl.
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MHTDXA-yqflTEIL
OHEPKfc.
I.
...3ejieHafl, 6e3rpaHH*raas crenb... Háji crenbio ryjaen, BÍTepx,
HecyTca o&iaBa... TpaBa myMHTb — wpra sací bosbmh, CTenu, sani
bii xoponraL Tpn sasasa BepxaMH, CKaiyrb, Hupaa fb TpaBi...
HaAl HHMH BbeTCfl BOJbHLlfi CTeHHOft OpeJTB...
...A bot* 3anopoaccKaa 06%. 3anopo»eivb pacKHHyjicfl nocpeAH
Aoporn — choti... Tpn KasaRa ocTaHOBEUHCb Ha^t hhmt, — JK>6yK)TCfl...
3ríS npocropi! 3ttaa bom! HaÓirn, cpaaeHbfl, pa3ry.11>; Bece^ue
Kasai^sie napu; cypoBaa KasaiiKaa paja...
...OcasAeHHuft ropoA^— 2KHTeM iipyrb orb rojOAa, a sa crfj-
HaMH ÓymyBOTL sanopoaipi. Bon iioaoAOft Kasara, Tafteoirb on
cbohxi, npoÓHpaeTCfl depeši noAseiiejbe cl MimKOMt xjr£6a. Tam,
kb ropofffe, aflera ero KpacaBHn,a-naHHa... Kaní He saóbrrb o
rposHOifb om*, o Obra, o KasaijBoft točte? H ohi Bce sa6bm>,
Bce OT^ajii sa aioÓoBb apacaBHi^u-naHHbi...
...A BOTL H OTOI^b... rp03HUfl, CypOBUft H HeiaJBHblft CTOHTL
owb HaA^b tIjiomi, y6maro cma. Pysbe ero em,e ahmhtca... GbpflŘ
yci AposHTb... „H rám óim He Kasám?.."
— MoTíOxa, a Mmioxa? MHTpift! Te64 a roBopio, ajb hítb?
9to tu *to se Tasoe? HaAOTb joraa^eft noHTb, a tkl ohatb ci
BHHSBOfi?
MHTpií noAHHMaerb rojiOBy h Tyno vm^sstl nepeA 1 * cofioro.
rojOBa ero Bce em,e nojHa ^ysAuxi jvMcTBHTejibBocTH btipasoBt
u EapTHHi, h OBTb acaro He Moserb cooÓpasHTb, hto offb He kb
3anopoffibt, a y ceóa AOMa, Ha ABopfc, hoa* sacTpfexott, h qro
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MHTÍOXA — CHTĚJÍ 105
HEXl HHMt CTOHTO He rpOSHtlft TapaCB CT> BHHTOBBOÍI Bl pyBÍi, a
ero coóCTBeHHtifi oreijB, HBaui 5£íubht>, ci ajhhho& XBOpocraHOft,
BU^epHyTOft H31 nJNtTHfl.
— Hy... nero BUjynHJica? Afi oiyirkai? — cepAHTO roBoperc,
oreip>, ^yBcraya HenpeoAOJHMyio norpeÓHom nycTHTB bt> a$uo xbo-
pocnray. — O, TocnoAH) Tasí 6u botb... Bo3bMy boti, a& h Bu-
rany... He norjrasy, hto seHaTuil... Y»x uoaosah tu y aieea, —
yra nosry a tboh rhhsbh Aypan;&ia, npaBO-ciOBO nosry!
MiiTpift, HaROHei^i, npHXOAHTL bt> ce6fl h MeAaeHHO BLuteuert
h&l-hoai sacTpfexH, r^t eiiy Tas* cjmbho 6hjo jesaTB Ha jkhbotí
h qeTaTB. 3eaKOMoe Toc&aHBoe qyBCTBO HaroHaera cocaTb eMy
cepwe.
— #a *ero ea^o-TO? — cnpaniHBaerb ohi, sanpaTUBaa BHnsBy
noriytise bi sapMaHi. /
— íero? 3aqeTajiCfl... CBoero a&m He seaenib! roBopio, joma-
Aefi dohtl nopa.
— Ilopa... rxi se nopa? — BOpwrrB Morpií, HeAOBfepwBO
rjuAii na cojHn,e. — Hni*, coíHije-To eme rjijh...
— Bon a reúh a^mí eojHije^
Ho MHTpifi tiojLme yse ne BOspasaJTB, — oht» no omrry sh&itb,
to> MOjqBOMx cBopfte OTA&iaenibCfl, — h co bbaoxomi nosopHO no-
mej-B HcnojHATB npesasame onja, xora bt> Aynrfc yfi&BAeni Óuji,
tto noHTB JomaAet eme He orbAOBaJO. „HapoiHO b4a& BHAyMam,
eft Boryl — ct rope<n>io AyMara ohx. — YBHAaJi, «rro a ci>bhhsbo&,
botl h BUAyMajt. 9x1 tu, rocnoAn! H hto a eMy MÍmaio? Hy,
sa6u a jrbHHJicfl, ajt on a&m OTjuHHBajt, a to b$a& nfere! #0-
wraTb He a&j%... a AaJí»nie-TO, aojsho, eme Jiyqme6yAeTi, <í . — „H
tém-l 6hjtb ho sasasi?" BcnoMHHjiocb eiiy, h nepeAi riasaMH, Kant
xHBtie, BcrajH — cypoBufi Tapara, spacaBiii^a-naHHa, saAyMHHBuft,
BOcropseHHuft ÁHApifi. „H 3a to ytíiurb? jKajKO AHApifi... xo-
pomift 6hLTt napěn, Ayma-ieJOH&Bií... H namy saiso... to-to,
HeÓocb, cepAe^eaa, SA&ia, yÓBBajacB!.. HfrrB, bhaho, otiju-to, bcí
ohh Tasie! Hm% 6íj Bce Ha cboí cajmiBi, a Tóro He AyMaiOTi,
KaBOBo aíthm^*...
Oh% noAomeJB bi Joma.ua *n>, MHpeo sesaBniHMi TpaBy, h crajn>
m> OTBflsiiBaTL. JIomaAefi 6ujio ab* — íajuft h BacBBa-pusift.
lajaro MflTpifi jioďhjcl; bto 6u.ia AOÓpaa, pafioTan^aa jiomaAB (n>
6ojibnniMH BpoTKHMH rjiasaMH h ycTynqHBUMi HpaBOMi>. OHa BcerAa
GesnpeBOCJiOBHO jrfeaaa bí xoMyrL h bi 8anpa»B4 Taeyjacb hbo
bcíxi chjti>, BaBi 6u cosHaBaa bcio HeusótsHOCTb CBOefi cjjs,h6u;
BorAa se ee BunparajiH h craBHJiH Ha Bopwrt, ohb noMÍm,ajacb y
canaro spaemsa h cnoBofiHO npaHHMajiacb sa cboio nopn^iio, He
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106 MOTHHKfc BBPOOB1.
aajit3aa bi syayio. A BacbKa-pusift — axo óujvb cymifi nofljieiji,
h MHTpift coBepmeHHO cepsesHO cl hhitb Bpa»AOBaji*b e HeHaBB-
A-fcjix ero orb Bcefi AyniB. Ohx — neTOTro lajwfi cb cbohmt. OTspu-
tumx tocthumi BsrjisAOMt; ohx HHKorAa He rjiflA^-3^ Ha Te6a npflMO,
a Bce BOCHJCfl h nOAparHBajrb ymaMH, cjiobho npH£yMHBaa, Basyio
Óu naKOCTb ucíOBqie ycrpoHTb; Kor^a se MaTpift Bejt ero Ha
BOAonoft hjih saBOAHJTB bt> otjioóm — BacbBa Taxi h hopobhtb hchoa-
THfflBa THnayTB ero 8a n.ie^o hjih sa yxo. EiflHari íaaoMy orb
Hero npocro atHTba He 6ujo: ohx Kycajrb ero npn bcakomi yaofi-
homi» cnyiai*, sajriteajrb ki HeMy bt> RopMymsy h pasÓpuraBaďb
čího, a Kor^a ohh hlih bmíctí bi 3anpa»K4, — íajíift bx RopHK), —
BacbRa npexHaMJipeHHO pacnycKajrb nocrpOMKH, yBHMBaai wb cto-
poHy, h lajiuft, hhxta, bch> rasecrb BOJOinjnb Ha ce64.
sto cra-
poe, HSBomeHHoe, saMycieHHoe, ohcbhjho BynjieHHoe sa xemeBBy
r#6-HH6yAB no cjyqaio Ha TOJncyHBŠ. T4mi He MeHfce bx rjiyxoMx
cejft, r#& kpomí óaTioinKHebixx CBflTi^eBi, #a HensÓfesHaro 9 CrpaH-
HHsa a 9 HCoHHHEaAa IttceHHHBa y BOJiocraoro nncapa, HHBaBHxi
ApyrexT. KBHn> He 6imo — yrarejeBa ÓH&rioTeBa mriua ÓojBinoft
ycrífexi, h kbhth ^HTajiHCB Ha pacxBarB. CairB Óanoimta npoiejrB
RocTOMapoBa h oaoÓpHjrb; ero ftoiepn ynHBajHCb poiiaHaMH ,3,K>Ma
H CHHCUBaJIH CTHmBH H81 HyniKBHa H R0JBIty)Ba; BOJIOCTHOMy HH-
capio HOHpaBHiíCfl rorojib, noTOMy hto „bc6 shbothbh HajopBemb".
y Mhtjoxh Toae pasrop&tiHCB raasa Ha y^HTeJieBH bhh&bh, ho ohx
AOjro ho pímajca npociiTB, noTOMy hto yraTeáB 6hjtb crporift, He-
cooÓmHTeJbHufi h Aepsajrc ce6a eb yqeHHBaMH o^ar^iajibHO. Ho,
HaKOHen,*, MirrBoxa yjryqarB-TaBH yxoÓHyH) MaHyry h potiso no-
npocHjix y*HTejui jaTB eiiy BHHse^By 9 noHHTaTBCa tt . Y^EreJíh no-
tjuia&i^ Ha Hero cb y^HBJíeHieMi, ho BHHSBy Bce-Tasn RWb, xotji
H HeOXOTHO.
— Bce paBHO HHqero bíab He no&Memb! — cBasajii ohi. — A
to nosajyfi Ha mirapsa Hs^epeniB.
— ^a hto bh? ,2,a a... TocnoAH Bose Moft! — OTBiqajx c^acuiH-
Btii MaTpiů, 6epesHO npHHHiuui hbt, pysi y^ffrejifl BHHSBy.
,3,iftcTBBTejbHO oh*b BOBBpaTHJb ee FB I^OCTH H COXpaHHOCTH,
h yiHTejb eaqaji x&BaTB eMy bhhth oxoTHrhe. Ero nopasajio
tojibbo to, ito Mnipifi HeoóbiKHOBeHHO 6ucTpo hxx B03Bpamaj*.
— Ilocsymafi, Šeihhi, — roBopnjTB oh^, npEHimaa orb Mh-
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MHTIOXA — YWTEJlh. 113
tboxh BHHry, cb npocBÓofi flaTB eme. — ^a tu, ÓparB, i\aoTaemb hx*
tto jih? Tu BipHO HBiero He noHHMaemb!
— Kas* se He noHHiiaTB, IleTpi MBaBbiqt? — Becs BpacHuft
on BOjraema Bospasajii MHTioxa. — Bce, Bas* ecrB, noHHMaio! JI
ffl&e H CBOBMl CeMefiCKHMX BCJiyXl, HHTaJTB, H OBE II?>HHMaiOTOl
— A ey-Ba pascBasa! — cb HeAOBipieifB cnpocHji ywTejiB.
MaTioxa, OTAyBaacB, BbiTept npeABapHTejBHO nora, BHCTynHB-
mift y Hero Ha jitiy oitb BOJHenia, h erajii nepejaBaTb coAepsame
bhhsbh, npaBxa, He cobcíwb BpacHO, ho bi AOCTaTOwoft CTeneHH %
BpasyHHTeJiBHO.
ÝTOTejB saHHTepecoBajicfl AepeBeHCRHMi jnoÓHTejieMi ^rema,
crajii HsptARa nparjiaraaTB ero kt> ce<54 h ÓectAOBajťB cb hbité o
npoqHTaHBOMi). Maroxa 6ujn> Ha ceABMom HeÓ*.
Taai nocTeneHHO nepeiHTajii oni bck) yqnTejeBy óaftoioTefty,
HtKOTopwa rhbsbb Aase no ABa pasa. BnenaTJíÍHifi nojyqajiocB
Macca, h nepe^x Mauoxofi cjiobbo Becb wipi cpasy OTaptuica. B*b
rojOBi 8ameBejiBJiHCB bobíja mhcjih; to, itó npesAe 6ujio Heno-
HflTHbiMT> ? cTajio flCHo. Ho OTHomeHie bx BHBSRBaiťB 6buio paasHi-
Hoe. IlyniBBHa, BanpBMfcpi, oh% He cobc4mt» nOHHMajTB, — „jobbo
namerb h p&xe CBjíaAHO, a& Cojibho ysi He no HameMy", — tobo-
paxB ohx yHHTejiio. 3aTO rorojB npoBSBejťB na Hero orpoMHoe
BnenaTJ^Hie. Ccopy IfcaHa EbaHOBHia cb HBaHOin. Hhbb$opobh-
Htwb Ohi nepenejii pas* mtb h xasAiifi pasx cb oABHaBOBHMTb 9$<|>eB-
tomx, yMHpaa co CMixy. „Bíab ibcto Basi saBue! — nepejaBajTE
Ohi cboh BneiaTjrfeHia. „Bša* — botl Óy^TO axx bbahoib, TaaoBO
flBCTBenHO HanHcaHo! a — Ho fiojuBrae BceroeMy noHpaBHjracB 3anHCBB
OxoTHBBa TypreHeBa, híkotopíja nodMii HespacoBa h KojibijoBa.
Ohi BbjyHB-Tb HaasycTB MHoria CTHXOTBopema KoJibijOBa h Heapa-
coBa, BiinncaoTB Bxt ce64 bi TeTpa^By h hoxoah AeBjoaMapoBaxB
H3JH)6jieHHlia M^CTa.
YmneJiB oqeHB 8a(JaBjiajH HaBBHbie BOCTOpra Mbtioxh, h ofb
AO cjie3T» xoxoTaďB Ha^i BiKOTopbiMH ero 3aM4qaBÍflMn no noBOAy
BpoHHTaHBaro. HanpHir&pi, npoiBTaBi „Omu h ^íth*, ohx ysacHO
B03Mym,ajca noBeAemeM* ÓAHHi^OBOfi h, He crfecBaacB, BucBasuBajrB
CBoe HeroAOBaHie vh otobb pissott $°P M *«
— 8. &b ee... y, noA^aa a^asafl!..
— Jíjbl híitb se OHa nofl-aaa? — noAsa^opaBa^B ero yqHTeJiB. —
íyAaKB th, sa hto th ee pyraeniB?
— ^a BaB* se? 9Aasift nejiOBŠBi nepesi nee noMept... ^a
a 6h Ha ea míctí... Caiia se HaBasajiacB, na. h... Híti, cbojio^b
ona, 6ojBme Hnqero.
y^BTeJIB XOXOTaJTB.
Tom IV.— Idjb, 1896. 8
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114 BfcCTHHRTb EBPOIDI*
— Xotb 6u oahhitb rjasROiro nocMOTpfrrb, saRÍe ohh 6hjh! —
roBopHjn. ohi wb Apyroft paši: pfob nua o HeRpacoBfe h Kojb-
novh. — djsflxie jk>ah... ^a a 6h hmx b* hosrh noKJiOHHJiCfi! Bíflb
Káro ohh npo MysHRa noHHMajiH... Mu h caifH-TO 061 cetffc He
dHaeifB ctojbío, crojbro ohh SH&nn. 3x1, nociiOTpto 6u\
— íto se, BŠAb hxí nopTpeTH eCTB.
— #a rx% hxi AOCTaHemt? Y Haci hxi h He npoAaroro. He-
mTO bi ropoA*, a y Hac& Ha apuapKi, TaRi b4a* rMA*Tb Tomeo,
htí>*ohh Tam npoxaiOTB. Kápi* to jynoiuastia #£bkh... na koď
onfc? Hjtb eme BApyra Ahamm* HapacoBaax... BO-Ranoft ^eprome,
pora hhcto y ro&ir... Tb^y, a h tjuia^tb-to Ha Hero He xoiy! A
Dpoíaiora.
— Jífi vh&b noRynaero se RTO-HHÓyAB, ottoto h npoAaiOTO.
— To-to 4to noKynaiorb. Hanrb jmboihhri b6 croabro hx-l
HasynHjii, bck> ropHHnj H3yB$majrb. Hymafi, roBOpHTO, sena pa-
AyeTCfl... y»x h pasocTb, Ha nopra MajftTb... H noMOJraaBi, Mh-
TH>xa AoCaBHjrt: — A a, Heipi HBaHuii, hxx ce<54 npeACTa&uiK).
- — Koro? íepTeft-To?
— Rfrrb, Ha koS ohh! KojbijOBa, a& HespacoBa.
— RaKie se ohh óhjih no TBoeMy?
— HenpacoBi, HanpHM&pi, cepAHTiift, aojsho, Óujtb. Boh*b
ohi saRi HHnieTB-TO... oieeb erporo. „ByAB tu npoRJMTO, pacuí-
Baiomift, nonuraft pasyira, ym rjiynn,OB'b a ! cl yBieqeHieifB npo-
AeRJiaMHpoBajii MeTíoxa, cara Ha&asAaacb CBoeft AeuaiiaE[iefi.
9Ha Bi^b RaRx... cypoBo! H cam 6nun> cypoBEifi. ToBopui toj-
CTbllTb rOJOCOMl...
— ^a noneify se HenpeM^HHO tojcthmx rojocoMi? — cwfcHCB,
cnpamHBUi yHmejis.
— #a yaťB Taní... hoaxoahtx. A Kojbn,OBi» — betou* Apyroft
títurb. XyAeHBRifi TaKofi, HiatHbifi, Fojocorb y Hero tfiui TOHeHbRiĚ...
— 9, Hy Te6a... yifopHmb tu Mera! B*ab BLi^yMaerb se!
— Hfcra, npaBO, — onpaBAUBajiCfl Mmioxa. — Botb Jiesy HaMeAHH
bt> capat h AyMaio 061 hhxx, — TaRi b^ab RaRi SHBiie ohh mh$
npeACTaBMiOTca, npaBo!..
y^HTejb oÓiimajrB Meipiio AOCTaTb nopTpeTEi H&noÓjreHHiixi hm*b
nodTOBi h jvfcficTBHTejibHO eMy yA&iocb ta^-to AOCTaTb HeRpacoBa,
ROToparo Ohi h noAapn.ii Mhth>x*6. Ho Manoxa óuji. pasonapo-
BaHx; HeKpacoBi. npeACTaBJíflJCH eMy cobcšmi He trrhmi.
— Bom owi RaRofi! 8. Ay^am, He dHAaRifi. Hnib, jibicuě,
6opOARa RJHHHfflROlTB... HOCHU^e-TO RaROfi SAOpOBblft! ÍHCTO HaiDT,
AbflneRi, CeMeHtivB... O^Ha^e, HÍrb, bi raasaxi to Bce-TaRH ORa-
8HBaerb... BnAaTb, hto yMeái!
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MBTIOXA — 7<IHTEJB. 115
H B*B ROHltfi ROHI^OBX OHI OCT&ICfl 016H5 flOBOJieH* HOftapROlTB
h /tase AOMa ero bc&mi noRasuBajrB h xBajiHJicfl. A KojbijOBa Tasí
h He yjtyuocB eiiy nocMOTpfrrB, noTOMy tto BCRopi yqeiejis B^pyra
hto-to 3acRyq&rB, Haiajrc hhtb MepTByio, npocTyjMCfi ntaHutt h
yiiepi ort cRopoTe?HOfi uxotrh. Ha ero mícto nocTynajn, hoblíě,
ÁH^pefi Cbaophtb, cb seHofi, Tose yTOiejBHeijeft, ROTopaa ÓEua
HassaieHa eiiy noMomnaijeft, TaR* Ran* yqeHHROBi bx idkojií npa-
6aBHJOCB h OAHOMy crajio TpynHO cnpaanflTtaj. 9to 6h.ih cobcími
Apyrie jho^h, h npom.no MHoro BpeiieHH, noRa MaTpiň <zb hhmh
nosHaROMiuicfl. y Hero caHoro b*b sto BpeMfl HawjracB hobha sa-
6oru, fl*Jia, HenpiflTHOCTe; cnacLiaBue mR02BHNe ihh cl rhhs-
RaiiH, MeTraMH, paaroBopaMH mbhob&ih, RaRt xopomift cohi, h cy-
Mpa?Hafl flfeftCTBHTeJIBHOCTB BO BCÍl TJL9&& rjflHyJia 6My Wh JUHUfl.
III.
BHamsfc, Rorja enje Maipifi ftferajrB b*b mROjry h TacRaji ot-
Ty^a RHH3RRH, — HBaHl OTHOCBJlCfl Rl HCMy CHHCX0AHT6JBH0 H AaS6
«utb jhoÓhjtb HHOft pas* nocjyraaTB, je»a Beiepoir* Ha nojiaiax*,
RaR*B MaTpíft HHTaerB Baayxi RaRyío-HHĎyAB BaHATHyK) HCTopiio npo
crapyxy sojoryío puÓKy, mh npo to, Raai shjih jbojh bi cra-
pHHy. íacTO, BnpoqeMx, ohb sacunajrB, He AOCjymaBi, ho ciyia-
jocb, h saHHTepecoBtiBajiCfl, ocoÓeHHO, Ror.ua qHTajocB Yro-HHÓyab
crpamHoe hjih se fioaecTBeHHoe, HanpiiMipi, o Myqeeiaxi* cbatoB
BapBapu. HiKOTopufl BenjH ohi» okopají* h xBauro; Apyrifl no-
panaj^ h 3a6paROB£iBajii; He HpaBHMCB eMy ÓacHH h cthxh, bo-
Topua ohb ORpecnui He cobcíjmt, i^eHsypHUM* ciobom^. 9to BpeMfl
6hj!0 caMoe xoporaee am Mhtioxh, h ohb aaae nojiBsoBajicfl b*b
ceMbi aBTopHTeToifB eAHHCTBeHHaro rpaMOTHaro qe.iOB-feKa. MaTeps
h Ahhcb£ obtb cnecajii no a Ba ORaeMHJiflpa „Cna BoropoAHijH*,
ROTopuS, no hxi mhíhíh), nOMorajii bo Bcfcxs 6htflXb h Hanacroxi;
coc&AfliťB coihhajtb necBMa, yciOBia, pochhcrh; OTeifB Tose nacTo
oópamajca ri HeMy cx> npocBÓaMH.
— Hy-Ra botb Ha, npoHHTaft, ^t6 TyTt Hanacaeo! — rOBopHJTB
ofli, BirracRHBafl H31 RapMana saHycjieHHyK) 6yMasoHRy.
iJífiJiT&eMT* KÍBaHy JEaMHy 3a coaoMy py6B a ! — TOTara MaTpift.
— BipHo! — BOCRJHiíaji HBaHi HUMnwh h, ÓepesRHO cnpfl-
Taw 6yMa»Ry o6parao, vxojihji-b yAoaieTBopeHHtifi.
^ase Kapejjii. aaHHTepecoBaJca rpaMOToft h o^HasAU nose-
jajB BayiHTBCH ^HTaTB. Ho Mhtioxí cb hhmt> 6ujio MHoro xjo-
ootb, h RaRi OHt hh dapa.icfl w o6yiHTB lř Kepajiia — HHiero hs^
8*
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116 BfcCTHHKB EBPOIIU.
9Toro Be Bumjio. Bo-nepBHxt, Khphjijpb, HayinBmncB Koe-saK^
nHcaTB, Ha^aji-L BíipncoBHBaTB BesA^ pyraTejBHBia cjOBa, bo-bto-
puxx, Ohi se noBHMajn> caMuxi npocTtixi Bemefi h crpanrao-
sjihji* Mnipia cbohmi KaKHMx-TO npocroAyinHfiWB TynoyirieifB. Tasí,
Hanpniripi, ohi HHKaKi. He Moři noHaTL, sto AiflCTByiomifl Jínila
noBicreft h pascKaaoBi— BHAyiiaHHua, h hh sa hto He xorfeďB b4-
Phtb, ito hx«b Hnaoraa h He ĎHJio. Kaax hh CTapajica MHTioxa
paaiacHBTB bto 6paTy, toto ocrajica npn CBoeMi h bo BpeMa *re-
Hia bhboahjtb MHTpia Hsi ce(Sa cbobmh BaiširoaHiaMH wb poa* Tóro:
„a b*a& bto, aojisho, npo Hamero BOjioCTHoro necapa HanncaHo!*
mh: „9to BaBofi-TaRofi HBaHT» HBaHLm? 9to He KyaaBHHCBift jh
noMÍm,HKi? a
— AypBfl-rojroBa, Baaoft noirfHijHBi.? — cepAHJica Mirnoxa. — Bb&b,
9to BH^yiiaHO Bce, dToro He 6uao 9 a Tasí HanncaHO... kb npaMipy.
— Bpe! Bu^yiiaHo! OrayAa se oho bsajiocb?
— IIpOCTO HffB IUKOBH. BSBJlb BOTO H CO*IHHHJn>... RJUI HayBH,
*TO BOTO, MOJTB, MRÍe JUDW ÓHBaiOTO Ha CB$T$.
— Hhib tki, BíijyiiajrL! DoAn-sa, BHAyMafi a^asi. HeÓocB He
BUAyMaemB.
— íto s*b, no TBoeMy, boh*b b-b caasRaxi htí> paacBasu-
BaroTO-— oto Tose 6hjio?
— A to híto? Hsbíctho, 6mo. He spa se paBCBasHBattTO*
— A & ^opTO tu a^aBift, a& HToax, no TBoeMy, bojibh h jih-
CHI^H nO TOJIOBŠHBH rOBOpMH?
— A Moaerb, h roBopMe! Majro jih hto bi CTapnHy Óhjio?
Ho ocodeHHO MnTpifi óhcHJica, Kor#a eiiy hphxoahjiocb qmaTB
Baayro-HHÓyAB xopomyio EHHsay, a ea apacora He hpohbboamh
Ha Knpcoxy HHBaaoro BnewTjrfcHia, hjih se 8$$eBTO nojyiajca
coBC&wb He toto, BOToparo oxxfifljrb MnTpifi, cyA« no cbohitb co6-
CTBeHHHMi BneqaTJiiHiflMi. Ciymrocfr, tto Khphjutb xoxcmurL bi
c&uuYb asajiocTHMxi Mieraxi, h, HaoÓopoTO, Tam, rA* HaAO 6hjo
CMŠflTBca, owB rfjBajrB, necajica hjih Ha?HHajrB nrpaTB cb CBoefi
serofi. Tor.ua oropseraufi MnTpifi CRjaAUBajrB arasBy h yxoAHJTB
ByAa-HH6yAB Ha oropoA&i HaciasAaTBca Tremem b*b 0AHH0?ecTB£,
Aaaaa ce<$4 cjiobo HHBorAa 6ojn>me He aéjihtbch cb Knpioxofi cbo-
hmh Bne^aTJiiHiaMH. Ho npoxoAMx AeHB-Apyrofi, He yrepiiHTO
MnTpifi n onaTB n^eTO npocBimaTt Enpioxy.
Kor.ua y^BTejiB noxapnjrB eMy nopipen, HeapacoBa, ohí He-
iieAJieHHO noBasajrB ero Enpnjuiy.
— 9to bto se TaBofi? — cnpocnjii Khpmjto, pascMaTpnBaa
jiopTpero.
— 3to Hnsojiafi AjieBcínro HespacoBi, cosnHHTejíB... — Top-
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MHTTOXA — YTOTEJB. 117
aecTBeHHo oÓBflCHHJTB Mimosa. — RoTopuft npo MyasHBOBB-TO hh-
•caJB. IloMHamb, a Te(J4 npo Kopo6efiHBKOBB-TO ^htejtl?
— Hy, Hy... Itosb ohb OAHorjasHfi? (QopTpero 6ímb wl
npo^UB).
y Mhtíoxh npe btoitb HaHBHOMB sairítaaHiH fláme ^yxi sa-
Hfljicfl oto HeroflOBamn,
— Rasi o^Hor^asiifi? ^a b*a& bto ohb cóoBy HapacoBaHB!
— CÓOBy, cóoay... — ynpnMO TBepABJB Rhphjub.— Htokb, tto
dfcmy? Tu botb CTaeb-Ka 6obomb, ece jeb y Tetfa H6 oahhb raasB,
a ABa. A y. eero tojbbo oahhb h em.
BopoieiiB, h caifB Maipiň, oiyTHBmacB bb poM AOMamHaro
HacraBHHBa CBoero erapmaro Ópaia, noprairB a*JK> CBoefi H3JHraaeft
rOpHHHOCTtD. Top^flCb HpeBOCXOACTBOMB Hafli R&P&JI.IOMB, OHI
paaurpuBajx H3B ceóa Haeroamaro yureu, HecrepnHMO BasHB-
«lib, ofipuBajii Kapioxy Ha bbtbaoitb máry, a bo BpeMa ypoKOBB
crpamoo npBAHpajicfl si Heny, pyrajica Ha neiiB cb4tb ctohtl h
otohb cosariurB, qTO ne Mošen HaaastiBaTB CBoero yqeHnsa, Ha*
npinriipB, nocTaBHTb ero bb ynm hjib BHApaTs sa BHxpu. 3aHflTÍa
BX*B &UH Heo6íIRBOB6HHO BOMB?HU, T&MB ÓOJT&e, HTO BB HBX1
npHHHM&ia ynaerie bcb ceMBfi, h ^asse bíhho osatioqeHHuft HBan-L
Hep^ASO ho mopb yAepsaTBca otb CMixa/ cjt6ah cb noMTeft sa
XOAOMB SaHflTÍfi.
OÓBIKHOBeHHO 9T0 HpOHCXOABJO IIOCJÍ 0<%A& BB CBOÓOAHbie OTT>
AOMamHBXB aíjtb nacH, BorAa HBaex josajca otauxbtb, mbtb ca-
AHjibcb sa npajKy, a 6a6u mujh nocyAy. Ha cmrt TopsecTBeHHO
pacBjaAHBajiHCB rpH^&iBHaa Aocsa, ÓyBBapB, rpB^ejiB, BiajieHbBift
yrorejB saHHiiajiB noHeraoe míicto hoab oópasami, a paaoitb cb
hhmb nOM^majca ero orpoHHEift yqeHHBB, h^cbojbbo CBOH<f>y»eH-
Hufi, BOJiHy»mifica bb TMyÓBwh Ayma, ho ceapyaa CTapasomifica
nosasaTB, hto b*a* bto ohb tojibbo „tbbb", Óojibme am CMixy,
a He to ito6h bb cepBesB...
— Hárali MOJBTBy! — cepbesHO h otpubhcto npHBasiiBaJTB y*n-
T6JB.
— Hy botb ne&b eme, MOJiHTBy!.. — BOspasaJB Kupioxa. —
RasAHft AeHB, hto jih, Te64 ee ihthtb?
— y hbcb bb yqHJHiitf* BasABifi AeHB ^HTaioTB h nepe^B
yneHteiTB, h docjií yqeHBa.
— HaTafi, ^HTafl!— 0T8HBajica cb nwaieft Hbbhx. — RaBB se
tfesB mojhtbh? Mojhtbb a^o xopomee.
Khpbjjb HeyBSH)3Be hoaumuca h, nyTancB, npoqoTUBajiB mo-
JHTBy.
— 8to sasafl 6yBBa? — en^e crpose cnpamHBaJB Maipift.
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118 BlCTHHffb EBPOIOI.
— 9ra?.. — KuptuurB HaiHH&irB no*rím> h lecaraca. — Hocroft..^
HHEaKx — y?
— Hy, Hy? TaHH.
— Y-y-y... — MHyjit Kapajurb h BApyra paspasa^ca xoxotomi.
— *Iero si tu patemb-TO, qoprb a^asiš?
— Aa qyAHO... A tbi hto pyraembca?
— Hy, Čyaera pasroBapnBaTb-To! A sto Kaaaa?
— Mm.
— Hy.,. a 8to boto Basi BuftAerb?
— M-y-y, — HepimeTeJibHO npoHSHOCHji Kepejji,
— TflHH, tahh! .
— M-M-y-y-y! — Ha bck> H36y Mbraajt Khphjutb; ho bi 8Ty
MHByTy vb yiuy, rxfe tfaÓu mimh nocy^y, ciumaTca $EipBaHbe, b
ohi ocTaHaBJíHBaeTCfl. — ,9,a tu yto se 8to Měna MtiiaTb-To sacraB-
jflemb? — npoTecryera owb. — %o a TeCi, KopoBa, *to jih? Th mh^
xasH HacToanjee... a He to stoÓbi nycTasoBHHy sacTa&iaTb.
— Jlfi HemTO 9to nycTflKOBěea? Y Hacb bt, y^BJíenvk Bcerja
lan yiara.
— Hy y Bacb vb yqejen^t — pe(5arb-TO hto xonib sacTa&iaft.
A a te&b He MajieHbsiĚ. Hrab tu!.. Muqe eny! íto a Te64 A&Jca?
Ha cmíxt>, q-ro u?
MeTpiň BEixoflHJTb asi cetfa h Ha?HHajrb pyraTbca.
— ý, flypojom BAaRifi! HojAho AyÓOBoe!
— A th ero sa bhcbh!— corfTOBaja h3t> yi\ia seHa KapH.ua>
— h Bca H3Óa noMepajia co CMixy.
— Oxx, rpixoBOAHHKal — roBopa.TL HBaffb, Boponaacb Ha no-
jaTaxi. — Borb ysi rp*xoBOAHHra-TO... ycHyTb He Aa^yro, npaBo!
HeorAa HeAopasyM-fcme aoe-KaK* yjasHBaJiocb, Kepioxa ao-
6pOAyniHO xoxoTajr* h CHOBa npHHHMajica Muwrb, ho Óhbíuo h
He Tara. taywjiocb, hto Kapeji.ii>, BHBeAeHHuft hsi cetfa npejEp-
saMH h pyraHbio Mirapia, noAHHMajii ÓyHrb, A^Ba-rb saTpemHHy
CBoeMy y^HTeiio h npepuBaji yieHbe.
— 3, Hy Te6a kx myTairb! — roBopnďb ohi, BHJifeaa nsi-sa
croja h OTnpaBjaacb na noaam — He xoiy a Óojbme...
Ho Ana lepesx ABa, qepera Tpn Kaptoxt CTaHOBiuiocb csy^HO,
h Ohi HaqeeajTb CHOBa noAiftssaTb k* MeTpiio, ROTopufi Bce 9Ta
BpeMa Ay-ica h Mojraajrb.
— MeTioxa... a Maroxa! — jmcbobo roBopejrb ohb, bi to se
BpeMa yspaABoft HOAMHraBaa senb: A^caaTb, sasyK) a ce£*aci>
cl hbmx niTysy pasurpaio! — Monoxa... Hy-Ra, rub y nac* Óya-
Bapb-TO? HoywMca ^TO-Jib HOHbne?
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MHT10IA — y^HTBJIB. 119
— Hy Te6a!.. — oTB&q&irB MaTpiB, Bce . eme coxpaHaa HajyTufi
bhjcb, ho nojbmeHHufi bi Aynrfc. — Tu oimtb ap&tbca ÓyaeniB.
— Hy bohs eme!.. %o»b a, Óojibho, hto-jib? Tam, Ma3Hy.ro...
A tu boh«b tto, tu He c^pqafi. l^h 6yKBaps-TO? RanyH) 6bihb
6yEBy-T0 mei HaqajH?
— I^h, — cnaBaacB, noftCBasuBajx MuTpiň.
— Bo-bo! n^u! 8. eme ee homhjo, cb xboctikomx OHa. Hy
xaBafi!
— A th ApaTBCfl He Cy^eniB?
— He 6y*y. A th He pyrafic*. He6ocB y Bac* bi yqmiHmfc h
to dftaKB He pyraEOTca.
— Jíjsl satiu tu oiymajicfl! A to tu He ciyntaemBca.
— Ji craHy cjymaTBca.
MHTpifi CHOBa Haqeeajix MyqHTB CBoero HenoHUTJiHBaro yqe-
HHKa, h CHOBa TOi&a Bi Toqay noBTopjuiacB crapaa Hcropifl. Hoj*
KOBen,!. KEpiOXÍ BCe OTO HaW&JO, H OHI ÓpOCHJTB yiHTBCA. Ho BT,
ceMti HaAOjrro coxpaHHJOCB BOcnoMHHame ofo otoitb BpeMeHH, a
sa MaTpieMx Tasí h ocrajiocB HaBcerja nposBHme „yqHTeja".
IV.
Mu yse rOBOpiUU, qTO HBaHB CHHCXOAHTeJIBHO OTHOCHJICfl ieb
JÍHTíoxHHy yqeHBio h jase Heqero ho emími npoTHBi Tóro, qTOÓu
h Khphjutb BHyiaicfl rpaMorfe, TaKx bavl 9to HHieMy ho Mima^o,
itaajocB b*b cBOÓOAHoe BpeMfi h Basi 6u bt» po#6 saňaBH, &a h
Mirrpifi eme óhjtb hoapoctboitb, cb ROToparo h cnpamHBaTB Ómo
Heqero. Ho Bor^a MHTpifi bohumi BypcB h nojyqiura Jbroraoe
CBH^TeXBCTBO H BCe-TaBH, HeCMOTpfl Ha bto, npoAOJisajrB HHTepe-
coBaTBCH mBOJBHUMH j&iaMH, Ghrwrb no BeqepairB k*b yqaTejiio h
TacRajFB orryAa bhhsbh, wl BOTopua yTuaaiai npa KaamoarB yjo6-
hoitb cjiyqaí, — HBaHi 8a6esnoROHJCfl h Haqajii bočo nocMaTpHBaTB
Ha euHa. 9to eMy chjbho ne HpaBHJOCB; ciaBa Bory, He MaaeHBBift
yara, mecTHajmaTB jAtl napHH), nopa nynocTH-TO 6pocHTb. Mysssy
Hesorxa othmh #bjaMH saHHiiaTBCfl, iiyjBHBa bopmotb Myqenbe, a
He yqeme... H mucjb, qTO nosajyft chhi OTofoeTca otb paóora
h otb AOHy, He Aasajia noRoa HBaHy Síwiimy. MyqHMufl otoíí
crpanraofi muoibio, Óoacb, qTO Bce hxi 6jiarococTOflHÍe, cTOHBmee
TasHxi Tpy^OBi h MyqeHift, pyxHerL, HBaHi sopso CTajrc cjAahtb
sa Mirnoxofi, BCflqecKH CTapajca otóhtb ero otb bhhsbh h cb
9toS ntjibřo aaso BUAyMHBajrB eMy patfoTy, nocujiajj A*&iaTB to,
nero BOBce h He crfe^OBajio A^iaTB.
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120 BfcCfHHBl BBPOmi.
— MBTioxa, a Mynoxal — sparnii ohx, sacTara cuaa rA*-
MÓyAb Ha oropoA* sa HTemeMi. — HaKaKi. tu oihtb sa khbkkoA?
9to th hto se, Ópara... Cmotph! He MyjKHijKoe 9to j&ao... Bsaj* 6u
jyqrae Bocy, Aa TpaBu 6u HaBOCHJii...
TpaBu h TaEi 6ujh> ujhnuŘ Bopoxi, HoMaTpiň <5pajn> Kocy h
mejn> bochtb. A hotomi, r-ia^, omte yTBHyjiCH bt> BHflssy, h
xotb tu eojii eMy Ha ro-iori Ternu.
Ho 9Toro 6ujio em,e iiajo, — MaTpift Hanajii yMHHWTB h CBoe-
bojibhbwtb. ^tjio Haiajiocb cb noBynBH JomajiH h cb nofeAsa Ha
upaiapsy.
B*b 9to BpeMfl, ÓjraroAapfl ^ojiothmi pysaMi Kaproxa, JKbjbb-
CBoe xosafiCTBO crajio pacfflapaTBca, ceMba Toae pocaa, noTpeÓHocni
yBeJIH^BJIHCB, np0ffl.lOCb HpHHaHflTB 3eM.lH. A BMtCTfe Cl> 9THM1> OBa-
saJiocB HeoóxoAHMii&ii BynHTB Apyryio Jiomaib, h Ha ceiieňHOMi,
coBtrh pimeHO 6hjo apioúpicra ee na IIospoBCROfi apMapai b«l
yfesAHOMT> ropo^i. IIoKynRa aomaAH — 9to utjioe coťíuTie kb spe-
CTBflHCKOfi ceMbt, n oto My Ha apMapKy OTnpaBHJHCb BTpoeMt —
HBaHT,, Kapajíc h MBTioxa, — nociriumfi, BnpoieifB, He b*b saně-
mi 3HaTOKa, a ĎOJibme am Tóro, htoóh noyiHTbca, BaBi mao
BBifiapaTB xopomyio Jiomajb. Ilpitxajia, oeraHOBMHCb aa sHaBOMom*
hoctomomx ABopi h orapaBíUHCb rjifl^TB jnoraa^eft. MHTpift bi
nepBuS pa3^ Óbmb bt> ropoA* Ba apMapKi, a y Hero pasÓfcraaecB
raasa bo bc4 CTopoeu. Ho ocTaaaBJBBaTbca a cmotpítb 6hjo ae-
Bor^a; HBaab a Kapaje, paÓOTaa JoáTaiiH, npOTa^KBBajiacb Bce
Baepe^ b BnepeA* a crpeMHJiBCB kt» jiomaAflMi. Jloma^eň osasa-
jiocb Macca, a oTeifb ci cuhokb cobcíwb paerepfl.iacb. Ohb nepe-
xoahjb orb oahoA bi Apyroft, npacMaTpaBajiBCb, BuÓapajia, cpaBHH-
Baja a ho 3Haja, Ha ieM*b ocraHOBHTbca. Ho MaTpift ě% bxt> xjo-
noTaxi He npaaaMaji^ yqacria; ero saHHMajiH coóCTBeHHHfi mucjh...
IIpOXOAfl pflAaMB, OHI yBHA&ai AÍJiyK) Byqy pa3HOI^B4THHXT» kbb-
seBi h BapTBHi), pasaoseHHuxi Ha seMJi, a Tenepb bth kbbskb
He A&Bajia eMy hobok). Ohi npo ce6a ptmajii. bo ?to 6h to he
CTajio ypBaTbca a nociiOTptTb bth bhhsbh... a Tyrt BCTara bcho-
BiHHJOCb eMy h to, to y Hero AaBHo Bumm qepHHJia, ÓyMara a
neptá Ohi Bce coóapíuicfl noapocaTb y yqaTejsa, Aa cobíctbo óíjjo,
a 6e3x ÓyMara, Aa Cesi qepHHJbi^a npocro ót^a. HhoA paši CMepTB
xoqeTca „aonacaTbca", — a mijcjb xopomifl 6uBMOTb, a cthhibh
Baaie-HeÓyAb cnacaTb, — xBaTB, a 6yMarH-TO h wbn>. npo6oBajn>-
6hjo OTuy HaMeaaTb, — ByAa! Ocepqajii, sapyrajca; bi Apyroft para
h He cyflembcfl. T4mi He Mefffee y Maipia 6iJJia CMyraaji HaAeacxa
npio6ptcTa h ÓyMara, a qepHHJTB; y Hero aabho yse nsopBajiCfl
BapTysx, h nepeAi orafoAOM-B Ha flpMapsy OTe^ o6^au a^tb
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MHT10XA — yHHTEJb. 121
ejiy dojthhhhkb Ha noRynny HOBaro RapTysa. „Botl eciH a&cto,
jyiaji* Marpifi, a h Ryoiio ce&h qepHHJbiia, Aa h 6yMa»KB. A
npTysi* moxho h noiemease KynaTb, He sa hojitbhhhri, a sa ABy-
rpBBeeeufi, Ha mo ero Aoporoft-To! Boto mbi no&Ay RapTysi
QOBynaTB — h rhhsrh hocmotph). dn>, CRoptft 6u ohh TaM*"!.,
Mesiy tíhtb HBaHx ci Kapa-ooM* ocTaHOBHJH CBoe BHHiiaHie
sa oaboí JiomaABÍ. Oaa 6uja Tasas r\aaARaa h TaKx 6oftao Ha
hui> nocuaTpflBaia, ito ohh He moiuh OTBecTB ort nes uiasi.
Yidjib-Oujio h onflTb vb Hefi BopoTajacb. Ha Bosý chaíutl BiyMKb
i sasyeuBajiT» apóy30irb; HBaex oÓpaTBJca ri Heiiy ci pascnpo-
canB. Oaasajiocb, to joma^b — naTHJiiTorcb; ocMOTpfcjiB efi 8y6u,
Bontiia, nomynajH 6oKa, TUKajna hoa* peópa — Baqero, Bce oaasa-
jocb bi nopflARt.
— MHTma, th ?ro se He rxajwmb? TjizaeI — npHiuacH.ii»
HBaHt MBTpia.
MaTpifl noAomeji a Tose nocifOTpfero aa JomaA*, xora npo-
AOJusajB jiyMaTL o nojrraHBairfe a ?epHHJiaxi>.
— CKOJibso npocHmb?— o(5paTBjica HBaex ri MyMRy.
DflTb KpaCHLIXl), — HeB031fyTBM0 OTp&SaJTb My&HRl.
H-Hy!.. — Wb OABHl rOJOCTb BOCRJHRHyJH HBaHT) h Kbpbjutb. —
9ro to> CRasaai?
H ohh CHOBa npBHBJíHCb xoABTb BORpyra JomaAH h mynaTb
ei 6oaa. Orojo hbxi, RaRi 9to BcerAa ÓHBaerb wb doaoÓhuxt,
ejyqaaxT,, CTwa cotfapaTbca mina. Jlfao hijio bi» cepbesi, h bca-
soiiy jboďohutho Óhjio nocMOTptTb, hímT) oho rohihtcji. Cntima-
iBCb coBirra, noonipHTejbHUfl RpBTHqecRifl saMiqaeia, Bosrjacu...
,Tu eĚ bi syóu-ro CMOTpa!.. Hrab, aejiTHe, — ne jr&BHBa!.. — IIoai
ae6pu-TO ee xopomeHbRo!.. Tlero hoa*b seópu? Mooro tbi hohh-
vaemL? Th mbah crara-TO RaaaaL 3anaay whrb jihL"
niyifb ctomx neBOo6pa8HMuft; Raatauft ciBTajii HenpeifbHHUMi
AOjroMx npoTHCRaTBCB noÓJiase r* jomaAH, OTRpuTb efi porb a
aarjaeyTb bi sytiu, no^ecaxb 3a yxoifb a t. a* BosóysAeHHiie 8thmi>
rsajTOMi., oóypeBaeMtie comhíhíbmh h se^aHieMi npioÓpicTa ao-
maARy, — aejanieiii, eme Ďoate noAorpiTuui tojdoB h BceoómaM^
BHiwaHieirb, — OTei^b a cuht> Hhjhhb cobc^mi noiepajact a A*ft-
CTBOBajH RaRi wb TOAy. A X03BBHI Jioffia^a npoAOJsajix HeBOs-
MyTHHO CHA*Tb Ha Bosý h TOJbRO H3p$ARa npoaseocBJíx, BOOJH*
yrtpeHHuĚ bx AOCTOHHCTBaxi CBoefi joma^a: „íero Tam CMOTpiTb?
JomaAB — MepTBaa ! . . tf
BApyr* oabhx asi wy»HKOBi, KpacHuft, BSBOjHOBaHHBft a óojibme
Apynixi xJonoTaBmifi BORpyn joma^a, cjiobho a^o RacaJiocb jihhho
ero, ynoMBHyj^ hmb noTanuna... MreoBeHHO 9to6ujo noAXBa^eHO
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122 BftCTHHBl BBPOmi.
Toanoft. „ripaMoe a&jo — IIoTanuqaL. Ha^o ero cnpocHTb!.. íloia-
nuTL, ohx) 6parL... He Rypniíy, naft, noKynaems, a jomaftB... Ha
bíkx a*JO-to!.. IIoTanuqa h em!.."
— fta ta* ohb, UoTanHTB-TO? — cnpocHJii HBaHi.
— B% TpaKTHpi, HeÓocB, chahtb... Qoiimh napu-TO, nymafi
OHI AOĎiaHra!
Otphahjih 3a noTanuqeM^ Kapioxy, h nepesi híckojbeo MHHyrL
ohi» BepHyjicfl cl HeJOBiROMx piraffraibHaro BHfla, b*b c&pofi nox*
AeBKÍ, bi> cMa3HHXi canorax-B, cb BHyroATB b«b pyst. Bpirroe &wnp
ero c*b ÓOJibmHMH meTHHHCTUMH ycaMH 6hjo cepBesHO, dotth crporo;
qepHue Ha BHKart raasa CMOTpfora TBepao h nacToitaHBO, bca
ocaHBa 6tuia BcnojmeHa Heo6u<iafiHaro AOCTOUHCTBa. Ilpn bha* ero
mina npHTHXJia h pasCTyniuacB, a xosahhi aornajH noTepajt cbobo
HeB08MyTHM0CTB H óeSHOKOfiHO SaBOSHJCfl Ha Boey. Hh Ha Koro He
rjflflfi, OoTaniwB npaiio nojomejTL K^aoniaAH, saTRHyjrB KHyrB sa
noacB h, He o6pam,aa BHHMama Ha HBaea, KOToptifl, pacnycniBi
hojih xajraia, ÓeanoMomHO Torna-aca okojio Hero, cxBarajrB joma,nb
sa Mopjy. JIoma^B pBaHyjacB h saMoraia roaoBOft. Dotomi okb
noAHfljrB eft Hory h norjiaA&i* Ha rohbito; hotomi BHTantHJTB KHyrB
h orp&zii ee no chhhí; jioma^B MeTHyjacB, aaxpair&ia h ockia Ha
sa^HÍa Horp. Bce 9to Óbjjio npoffíuiaHO b-b ojny ceRyH^y.
— Txh xobhhetb? — cnpocHjrt IIoTanuTB otphbhcto.
Xo^hetb cjísx cb Bosá h noAomejrB. Bej* y Hero Óhjtb AajeRO
He TaKoft yB$peHHii8, mkb aaBe*ia.
— Botb oh*b — a, — csasajii ohx h BjpyrB npnÓaBHjrt cb bh-
jsftwb ^ejiOBÍKa, ópocaiomaroca b*b nponacTB: IIotb RpacHuxx...
ÓOJiBme HHRaBHxi!
— CopoEi.!
— IIatb BpacHtixi!
— CopORi! CuMaň mansy, mojhcb Bory...
06a foicrpo chajh raaoBH, nepeRpecnuncB h CHOBa ycraBHJiHCB
ApyrB Ha apyra, RaR& ir&TyxH.
— CopoKfc!
— IlflTB BpaCHEIXl!
— Cuaiaft manny, mojhcb Bory!.. CopoRi cb HATaBOHi!
— IIatb Kpaceuxt... Bia* bto He BaaycTa.
— Te64 roBopart, — a^iom-b-to, rfuroATB crojbro! CtiMafi mansy,
xaBafi pysy...
HaiaaocB tto-to, HensoÓpasEMoe ciOBaiiH. IIoTaniiHi to Ha-
CTynajďB Ha MysnKa, a Mysesi on Hero naxHJica, to ohh chobs
cxoahjihcb h (Jhjh jsj>yrb Apyra no pynaHi. To ohh CHHMajra manBH
h BpecraiBCB, to CHOBa HaAieajiH hx*b h ohatb npHHHKaaH nosy
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MHTIOXA — yTOTBJB. 123
niiyxoFL, coÓHpařomHxca apaTLca. „Cuiiafi mansy!.. Mojibčl Bory!..
Coposi ABa!.. IlflTHniHHi^y eaKHBB!.. JIoma^B — MepTBaa!.. #a tu
AÍuiomx, aí.iomt>-to roBope!.. Caiiafl mansy!. a Mojihcl Bory!.. Uo
pyBaBťB, ttojil?".. GaoBa TaRi b chmjibcl, Kast ropoxi, Tasí hto
nocTopoHHeMy Tpyano 6uno hohbtl, bi neiťL a&jo; hotl cl oóohx*
bmejit* rpa^oifL, maoca oxpanJiH. Bc6 cl pasaHyTUMB piaifH, cl
BunyieHHHMB r-jasaiiB, aaTaaBi AEixaHLe, cjt&abjb sa oxoft cqeHofi,
a y MBTpia Haqa-ia RpysHTLca rojiOBa h hoal jioseiRoft sacoc&io.
EMy (Jhjio sajiRO iiysKBRa, a ÍIoTanuqa ohx noieiíy-TO BflpyrL bob-
HeBaBBAÍJi^; eiiy nasajiocL, sto 6yxL ohl Ha MÍcrt siysasa — ohl
xaBHO 6u oT^a-TL b joraa^L, h Aaxe Teatry wb npajaqy, qTOĎu
tojilro OTB^saTLCfl OTL HoTanuia b ne bbaÍtl ero BunyqeHetixx
ran...
MySHKT>, HaBOHei^L, A*flCTBBTeJLBO CTaJTL CAaBaTLCfl. OffL KaKX-TO
B^pyPL BecL pasMAB-L, onycTBJícfl, ociatffcjďL, Me»Ay tím* saRi llo-
TanH^L Bce ÓojiLine b ÓojiLme HaciAaJi* Ha nero, bco qanie b nan^e
sacraBJíaji-L CHBMaTL manRy b mojhtloi Bory, <rrt> aiyacHRi npo-
AiJiiBajrL yae cobcíml aBToaiaTBqecRB, b Bce yaopH$e ? Bce HacTOfi-
HHBie aojÓbjii CBOe. H oÓesyar&Bmift, omeJOBueHHHft, cóorafi cl
no3Hn,ÍB MysBR*L He BHAepaajrL. BpocBBi manRy o6t> se ml, octl
MaxHyjx pyRoft h co Bcero pasiiaxy y^apajii HoTanuia no pyR*.
— JUaho... Eepa! Bja^afi! Oi TocnoAOMx!.. — ynaBinBMi ro-
ilOCOMl BHMOJBBJX OHI.
— GaaBa Te64, Tochoab!.. — CRasajrb b HoTanuqi, b hocj$ Rpftn-
Karo pyRonosaTifl ohb Ha btoti pasx KaKL cjvbjsjevb chmb manRB
H CTaJIH MOJBTLCfl. Bl TOJini DpOHeCCfl OAOÓpflTeJILHLlfi monoTL, B
MBorie TO»e RpecrH.iBCL; RpecrBJícfl b HsaHi, h Kapioxa, b Maipift.
— Hy, TenepLBanparafi!— CROMaHAOBajii HoTanHTO, Ror^a mo-
.iHTBa ROHTOJiacL. MflroMi kx jiomaAB 6pocnjiocb hícrojibro Ao6po-
BOJiLii.eBx asi tojtoh, noARaTHJB Teatry, sanpawB joraa^L b bh-
Bejfl ee Ha Aopory.
— CaABCL! — ROMaHAOBajrL HoTanEiYL. — OrapaRi, ca^actl 98,
bh, rto emfi Tam? Enje, eme ca^act! Hy, 6yAfl— Tporaft!..
Ha Tejiiry bmíct* cl JKbjibhlimb h HoTanBiqeMi BBajBJíocb
eme qejiOBiKi. BOceiiL, b bca 9Ta opaBa cl raKaHbeMx, cbbctomi,
raj^HBeiďL noHecaacL bo Bect onopi» baojl apMapRB. IlyÓ.iHRa,
ocraBinaflca Ha MÍcrfe, cl HHTepecoMi cjííaejm 3a dthmt. pacra-
HÍeMl B OBHBjeHHO OÓM^HHBaJiaCL BIieqaTJrfcHÍfllfH.
— JIobro (J4»btl!.. Haqero, HoraMH s^opoBO DOARBAUBaeTi!
íero Tam... jioraa^L AoCpaa! IIoTantiqa, He6ocL, He oóiianemL;
nepBuft dapuniHBRx...
— lltTL, napfl, JIOBRO OHI! — BOCRJHRHyJl RTO-TO BOCXH^eH-
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124 BfcCTHHKB EBPOntí.
humi iuiocomx. — KaKt OHi ero octojoh^ cpady... MyMRi-TO
odajiAÍJiT* C0BC*M%!
— Oet 8to yiiierb! íafi ohb bhahti, itó ri qeiiy coo6pasHO..«
Oex, Ópan...
H bcí crajH Bocxamaibca DoTaQtiqeiďB, He oópamaa BHHiiaHia
ea xosflBHa JomaAH, KOTopuS vbujo ctoa.it> bi> cropoffh h, hobh-
AHMOMy, HHKaKt He Mon» enje npaATH bb ce6a. H tojilko CMyTHoe
C03HaHÍe, qTO ohb „SAopoBO apojeraeBHjrB*, rpusjío h coca.no ero
cepAue.
Tiiťb BpeifeHeMi Harpy»eHHaa Teatra cb TpecROMi h rpoxo-
tom* noARarajia ri mícty A*íCTBÍa. Bi^nafl Jiom&nb Taseno w m
mája h ótuia Bca wb mbijtí, ho y (Aaorobi, h oco6eeHO y HBaaa
h Khpboxh, .aeija Óhjih AOBOJibHua h ciaiomia. JIoniaA& 0Ka3a.mcL
xot£» Ry^a, h Tenepb ocTaBaaocb tojiero noiiyqHTb ee vm hojím bt>
nosy ci npeÓaBROfi rohíArh „Ha hoboaori", pacmiaTHTbca h hath
Vb TpaRTHpi HBTb MOrapHIH.
CíacTJiHBbift HBaBi, Aposan^HMH pyREMH OTC^HTUBajii sacaJieH-
Bfcia 6yMa»RH, a xosahhi joraa^H, hícrojbro yrtraeHHHft bhaom*
Aeaen., ctosutl orojo aero a cHBTajr* BCjyxx: „náramná... TpemHa...
6yMaxRa!.. *) Etn,e 6yaia»Ra... ab* 6yiiasRH a ... HHorAa 06a oas
cÓHBajiHCb co cneTy, pacrepaHHO numImh Apyr* Ha Apyra, 6e33By*no
meBcaa ryGaMH h cona, hotomx cfaeaMuiHCb eme rfecate naA* Ryq-
Rofi óy^aseRt a CHOBa npaaHMajiHCb ciBTaTb. Oahhx Óoajica „nepe-
AaTb% a Apyroft — HeAono.iy»!HTb f .. IIoTanHT& croaďB bi cropoet,
^OHHAaflCb CBoero utjROBaro »sa xjionoTH a , h BejHqecrBeHHO pas-
roBapHBajii ct> KaRBm>-TO MyaaqeHROMx, ROTopuft BcaiecRH órojo
Hero JieĎesHJii a 3aHCRHBajn>.
HaRonei^B, Roe-RaRi paaoiJiacb, eme paši noMOjajiacb, nosajia
pyRH h nosApaBHJiH Apyrc Apyra, oahht, — c?b noRynRoft, Apyroft —
či npoAaaeí. Kapioxa HOBejii jiomaAB Ha nocroajuS ABop*, a
HBaHi, IIoTaabiTb m ÓHBmift xo3aHHi JoraaAH OTnpaBMHCb bx
TpaKTapi, capíJCKBBaTb noRynRy. BocnoiibsoBaBniBCb 9thm*b esyqaeMi,
Maipift Buapocajix y oma oĎ^aaBbiň Ha RapTyai noáMHHHR^ a
nomeJii Ha apaiapRy.
Ohi CRopo Bamejrb ToproBi^a KaasRfcaMa a RapTBHaMB a, ocia-
HOBHBQIHCb OROJIO BerO, BpBBflJCfl paSCMaTpHBaTB erO pa3B0I^BÍTBblfl
TOBapt. Ho hh kb a SK a, hh RapTHHRH 6My He HpaBH^HCb; Ha Rap-
THHaxx 6ujlu H3o6paaeHH to rojiyóue, sejieaue, opaH*eBBie nepTH,
aBJíaion^ieca sa Aymofi rptmHHRa (oahhi h3t> hhxi, oco6eHHO
npeACTaBHTejiBHHft, Ďhjib BapacoBasi. Aase cb orpoMBUMa KpacabíMa
l ) T&ki Ha3UBa»n» KpecTbaee py6jib.
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MHTK)X A. ~ y 1HTBJIB. 125
nyroBHijaMH Ha rojioifB SHBorb h cb nopT^ejiewB hoa* mhiukoS, —
BH JWTB-HH BSflTb CTaHOBOft DpHCTaBX, COÓHpaiOm.iň HeAOHMKHl), TO
P&3HU2 pasoA^THfl (JapuHu, ivkuyKrauaca cb (J)paaTaMH bt, posobux^
nucTyxax* h bo tftpaaaxi, to Basi „BaHBBa TaebKy nojHOÓHjrB 1 *,
to „BewpB nosAHO hb-b Jilicowy a BopoB-L aomoS raajia a ... h Bce
n> btomi poji, a khhjrkh h BOBce HnayAa He roAHJiHCB. Ha nep-
bohi njafffe, BOHeiHO, tfíLit ,MnjiopAfc Ar\aHijEÍfi a ; HOTOifB „Cna-
maa KpacaBHiia*... „PaBĎofiBHBi TlypEHHi* 1 ... „MapTuei 3aAesa
bjb 100.000 chobi"... „CeKpeTHua HacTaaieeifl xoaocTOMy*... h,
HaRoeeirB, HeHB&feKHuft opaByjt hjh TaRx Ha3UBaeMuft „Cojomohi",
a npyrjiofi h KaKoft-TO rjyno-<5e3MflTesHofi ppaeft Ba nepBott crpa-
em*. Maipifi yse OHinuurB oto yqHTejia, hto sth bhhjbrh — ApaH-
nur, hto otb hhxi y MysHsa b*b iukobí tojbbo MyrB 3aB0ABTca>
i cb pasoiapoBaHieMi b* Aynrfc tma^tb Ha hxi neerputf, saiiaH-
IHBtHI OÓJOXBH, CB fipEHMH BapTHHBaMH H BHHBeTBaMH, CRpUBaB"
oihmh rpasHO-c&pyio (Jyaiary h 6e8CMUCieHHoe coAepsaHie. ,Hhib,
ipnHB BaayK) BUBasejii! AyMaax oh*b, qirraa sarjiaBia: „Xopoina
Mama, a» se Hama, mh qopra bi ÓymiRi*. íopra, qoprBl..
Ysb ÓyATO, eojih MysHKx, Tasí eMy tojibko qopTa h Hyarao. H
aa sapTHHBaxi qepra, h bi BHHssaxi qepm.. a bopb yqaTejib-TO
TOBoperB, hto qepieft BOBce hítb, qro oto cyeBtpie... Kto byl
3BaerB, se to npaBja, He to híto... a boto HHmyTB se, pecyiOTOÍ
H ETO HX*B BHA^JI^? A BOBa BaBOft HapHCOBaH*!*
Rb BHHsaaMi HspÍABa hoaxoahjh MyatHKH, ir&maHe, pasrja-
XHBara BapTHHBH, oÓMÍHHBajiHCB saiť&qaHiaitH, xoxot&sh HaA*B qep-
mm h BCJiyxi ^btuh sarjiaBia: „lopro b% ÓymnBfc" npoHSBejťB
Bnewjlmie h óbijtl ayueHi Basero-TO hchhtbimi iiaJHMT, m> hoa-
jeBK&, ci ceptrofi bi yxi, 6oěro nura „Gojiomohbi", coÓJiasMBinie
ropHHqmjxx h irtmaHCBHX* a^bhiji; „TlypBHHt* Tose npHBJíeBajTB
BHHMaeie. Ho íiysnBH othocmhcb kt> BHHSBaMi ÓojBme tuaTO-
HH<ie€BB, npoqHTUBaJH nasBaHie, ^io(k)BajiHCB o6jiosbo& b, cnpo-
C8BB O IÍ*h4, OTXOABJ1H HpOlB. XortjTB-ĎHJIO yXOABTB H MHTpÍfi r
bo BApyrB yBHA^Ji^ JiesaBmyK) b*b CTopoHi HcrpenaHHyK), sacajieH-
eyio, sanaTHaHHyio qepHHJiaMH BHHsay cb sarjiaBieifB: n y^e6uuKT>
PyCCBOĚ HCTOpÍH a H OCTaHOBHlCfl. »3XX, BOTO 9TO TaBl 8aHflT-
H4J, AOJ3BHO*! — HOAyMaJIl OHI H CnpOCHJTB, CKOJlbKO OHa CTOBTB.
ToproseivB ar&pHJii ero cb hopl ao tojiobh oouthijhi Bsrja-
loirb, h, ptmBBt npo cetía, ^to 9 napeHB — cb npocTHHKofl a , He-
(pesHo OTBinan: „hojithhhhbi^I
y Mirrpifl AAxe Ayxi saeajca. Ohi bsji^i BHBsay h citWL
ee nepeaHCTQBaTB. BHyTpn OHa ÓBua eme rpasH^e h paerpenaH-
Híe, Ha crpaHHi^axx 6ujb HajirecH: n oro caxi h ao chxx*, Ha
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126 BftCTHHRl EBPOIIU.
noMX*B — padHue pecynRH h pocqepRH; bhaho Óhjo, *to rto-to b-b
CBoe BpeMfl cBJíbHO a ycepAHO TpyAMca Ha#B Heio. Ho aaio qero-
qero TaMi He <5hjio! Bapara... TaTapcRoe Hro... KyjiHROBCRaa ÓaTBa...
II,apB HBaHi BacBJíbeBHn rpo3Huft... Y MaTpia TpacaHCB pyra.
— Meoro Óojibho... — HepfeniiTejBHO caaaajrb ohb. — Béab oaa
pacrpenaHnaa...
— A pacrpenaHHaa — Máju Hasa^i! íero th ee MHeraB py-
HamaMB-TO? — oČopBaji* ero ToproBeiji.
Maipiň cKOH^ysHJica, BSAOxnyďB h, dojiokbfb Renry HasaAt,
OTomejrB. — Ho nepesx MHHyry BepHyíca.
— Hy... bobtb nero!.. .Haja! TpaBeHeHRi xo*emb?
XHTpuft ToproBen,B MOJisa-iB. Raassa eicy eroejia rponiB, ho
ToproBJía tto-to naoxo HHHbqe nwa, h ohb 6hjtb He bb Ayxfy a
napeHB nonajica rjiynHft, sa awByro apahb rpaBeHHHR-B AaeTBÍ Tasí
xoTb c% Hero copBaiB 6apunn>.
— Hy... caymafiL ILmajiTUHHufi!
Onaii MOjreame. MeTpift aecs Aa»e cpasy bcqotíjb h, Rasi
Bcer.ua bto ÓuBaerL, HeyAana tojbro eme chjbh&6 ero passaAO-
pHJia.
— ^ByrpBBeHHHfi! — RpaRHyjiB ohb OTiaaHHO.
ToproBei^B CA^jajn RaRoe-TO Heonpe^ijeHHoe #BH2ReHÍe... oh«b
yace xorfejiB oT^aTB RHH&Ry... ho norjia^jji Ha BSBOJHOBaHHaro,
KpacHaro MaTioxy h pasAynaji.
— Tb$y th, nponacTB! — cRasajn> ohb, A^aa bha*, hto paa-
cepxenB. — Hy, nero th npHCTajii? íero jriteemb? Th norjiaAH
RHHatRa-TO Raaaa! CypBe3Haa RHeatRa, a th cb AByrpHBeHHHMB...
npoxoAH, npoxoAB!.. ^BTaTb-To, Be6ocb, nyTeMi He yirfeemB, a
Tyxa se cypBesHna rhbkret noRynaTb. 9-8Xi!
MaipiS noraeji otb Hero RaRi bb Boxy onymeHení. Ohi
cavB qyBCTBOBajB, *to sapBajca h hto AByrpHBeHBHft Taaaa rpo-
MaftHaa cyiiaia, ROTopyio ohb Aaae a He bb npaBt TpaTHTB Ha
CBoe yAOBOJibCTBie. ToproBeijB npoBOsajrB ero raasaMH h AyMajrb:
„HeÓocb, apa^eniB eme"! Ohb 6hjb ncnxojiorB....
Marpift AOJiro eme CpoAHJi* no apMapRfc, mnRajca orojio 6a-
.mraHOBi, ciymajx My3HRy, xoxoTajrb HaA* „HeTpyniRoft", tahaím*
Ha MamymHXfc BORpyrx Rocrpa i^nraHORi, ho mhcjib o rhhsrí
ee BHxoAH^a H3B fojobei. y»e CTeMaijo, RorAa oh*b BepHyjica na
nocTOaJinfi ABOpx. Kaptoxa y»e a^bho cna.iB no^t Tejiirofi h TaRi
xpantjii, hto Ha yjiaivfe 6uno cjiumHO, a noABHnuBmift HBaHB Bce
en^e HHRaRB He MorB yroiiOHHTbca h jresa Ha Tejrf?r4, to npeHH-
najca nÍTb aobojbho ahro h HecRaaAHO, to HaqaeajiB hísho pas*
roBapHBaTB cb hoboB Jioma^bio, HasHBaa ee „Ayp&HROiťB" h 9 mh-
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MHTÍOXA — 7 TOTEJB. 127
jeHLKHMX*. Mjrrpift aoHCB&sx fb Tejrfert, nero <5h nofccTb, ho He
Bai^fl, Toae saaerx hoj-b Teatry pajjOM-b cb Kapřoxoft. Ho He-
CMOTpfl HE yCTMOCTB, eMJ TaBl H He npHHUOCb 8aCHyTB, H OHI
bc» hosb Hanpojen> npoBopoqajica ho^b Tciiroft, AyMaa o bhhsk&
h o noJTHHHHsi, BOToptifi npes&e npeACTaBJíajicfl eiiy TasHMi rpo-
MaAHuirL, a TenepB OKasuBajica raBHifB MajeHBBniťB, Ha BOTopufi
om> npesxe nyuwb icyneTB h sapTysi, e BHHSBy, h neptej, h
6yMare, a bíjhuio, qro h eaqero, nosajiyfl, He ByniunB. 3ia Myqn-
TeiBHafl mucib, Birtcrfc cb crpacTHUMi sejaHiem bo ito 6u TO
hh crajio BynHTB EHessy, He aaBaja eMy ycnoBOHTBCfl... a Tyra
eme ójoxh, a Tyra Kapioxa xpanarL... y Manoxa npocTO rojiOBa
BpyroifB nomjia. He MyApeHO noca-fe eTOro, sto no#B yípo oh«b
cobcím* nepeeraji 3/i;paB0 pascys^aTB h OKoeqaiejbHO p4majn>
nosepTBOBaTB ftapTysoiro bi nojiBsy Pyccsoft Hcropia.
KaR* tojibbo apMapsa npocHyjacB, — npocHyaHCB ry*BH, cbh-
cryjtRH, tiapaÓaHu, mapifaHBH, IleTpymKa, ijuraHe, $OBycHHBH;
npocHyjiHCB Tpasrapu, RaóaKB, nojiynsaHEie MysaKa h ÓapumHHBH,
ToproBi^u h nOKynaTejH, Mimosa Óujtb yse obojio BHeseBi. Ho-
lycoHHiifi o^ecra, siBaa, pacBia^uBaji CBOft TOBapi, Maipift hs-
#uh Ha&noxajTB sa hhitb. „Ero a bhhsbh cto-to He BHflaTB...
Botl rojiyóne h saieHue qepro BHcrpoHjracB bi pa^s, a bhhsbh
fffrn,... Botl h „Cojomohu" HaaBHO BHTapamHJiH Bpyrjme masa
h saBeprknHCb vb B03Ayxi — bhhsbh Bce hítl. „QpoAajix".., — no-
Ayiiajn. MHTpift, h cepAn,e y Hero saxojOHyjo. He BUTepniuFB,
noxomejrB ÓJHse, — imbab, botl om, rojtyÓymRa, jesarL Ha npes-
HeiťB míctí... Cjiasa Teói, Tocno^n!
B% 9Ty MHHyTy o$eHH yBqtfbra ero h noiiaHiurB bb ceíHb.
— 3fl, nojiynoniTeHeufi! Úos&iTe... Bani sero-ci? — npeay-
npeAHTejiBHO roBOpajn> ohb, A&iaa bh#b, tto He ysHaera MaTpia.
dTy-cb? Hosajre... nojTBHHHieBi!.. KHBSBa — nepBuft copn,!..
— ^BaAi^tTB hbtb... — e^Ba citimHO bumojíbhji MaTpift.
ToproBei^i cb MHHyTy MOjraajii vl pasAyMBH, hotoitb BApyrx
pimHTeJLHO MaxHyji, pysofi.
— JlajHo! ^aBafi AeHBra! YÓlitok^ Hecy... tojibbo ,pa no^HHy
ycrynarB. Hy... TBoe c^acTBe — nojiynaft!
Ho MflTpifl yse He CJiymajn* ero. Ohi cxBaTH^i BHHSBy, ima-
reiBHO yBepflyjn, ee bi n^aTOBi h notf&aaorB qyTB ne ótroarL,
cjobho 6oaci>, hto ero AoroHflTB h OTHimyrB noBynsy. O saprysi
ob% Óoabme yse h ho Aynajii; sapTysi, hto HaauBaeTca, „yjiu6-
flyícfl*... HodTOMy Marpift yse Óesx bcabbxi comh$bí& h Boje-
(Samft 3araejT» b*b nepByio jiaBBy h Ha ocTaBmieca 25 boh. synnii
nysupeKi. qepHBJT), x^CTb ÓyiiarH m hbtb aepteBi. CeMB 6^^,
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128 BtCTHHBl EBPOUBI.
o^ud-b otbíti! Orb noATHHHHRa y nero ocra.iocb pobhbjmi měrou*
3 KOntfiKHÍ
Okojio no.iAeHi> JKhjihhh BLitxaiH hsi ropoja xoMOfi. Orei?*
Óíijii onflTb BHDHBraH, Kápnut Tose noBHAHMOMy „cx Myxoft", h
06a ohh bch) AOpory pacirbBajH camia pasBecejmi it^chh. HoBaa
-íoraa^t niJia bi npucTasR*, Biipoiem, ee oÓHapysHBaji ocotieH-
HOfi npuTe, a MflTpift chaluh Ha rpajRfc, npaBHJTB h ÓesnpecTaHHO
on^ynuBajTL naayxy, rai y Hero 6hjh sanpaTaHU noRynRH. ^oiioft
npiixajH no3AHO, h oTeiji cefiqact ve saBajrHJca cnaTB, ho Meipifl
yjyiui TaBH MHHyTy, nofitea.!* Ha ryMBO h npoiejrc híicrojibro
CTpaHH^ bsi HOBOfl rhhsrb. Ke a raná 0Ra3aaacB iy.necHaa...
yTpoMi OTei^L npocHyjefl ci iuiobhoB 6ojbbk>, ho bi ayxfc, h
ceftqacB se nomjH pascnpocii, pascKasu, BocnoMHHama, r.iaBHUM*
AiflcTByiomHMi jihi^omi, rotophxi ÓHJia, KOHe^HO, Jioma^b. Bnpo-
lem, ÍIoTanum TOse Hrpa.TB bi> hhxi He hocjt&ahioio pojb, h
pascRaai o neifB ocofieHHo npoHSBejfB cmíBHoe BnenaTJrfeHie Ha
Ahhcbk), seHy Kapioxa, 6a6y BOOÓnje aRcnaHCHBHytt h cRJOHHytt
ko BceMy HeoóíJKHOBeBHOMy. Ror^a npejMera 6ujn> aciepnaHi, no-
mm Bcefi ceMteň cmotpítb jromaaB, BOTOpyH) Tyr& se h Hape&ra
BacBBoft. BacBBa bcímb noHpaBMca, ero jacRaJH, imnajg, eMy
He b*b oqepe^B noACsrnajsa OBceija, a Ahhcba Bupa3H.ua HCRpeHHee
se jame, htoóei BacBsa npemejca no BKycy „xoaflHHy", T.-e. ao-
MOBOMy... K*b 9T0iiy se^aHÍK) npecoeAHHMHCB bc6 h BepHyjracB vb
H3Óy AOBOJBHBie h c^acTJiHBue. BonpocB o BacBsi Tose 6ujrc> Ha
BpeMfl noKOH^em,... a botb Tyra-TO HBaHi h bchomhhjtb o &io-
cnacTHOMi Bapry34.
— #a... Menoxa! Hy-Ra noRasa, Raicoft BapTyra-TO th RynajrB?
MHTpift BecB 3arop*jicfl h MHCJieHHO nosciajii ce64 npoBa-
JIHTBCfl CKB03B 8CMJIK).
— He... ffirry ero... KapTysa to! SI Tóro.*, y MeHa h bhtotb
enje xoponn>...
— A... Hy jia^Ho! ftfoo TBoe, — paBHOAynrao cRasaji OTei^L. —
TaRi AaBaS hojithhhhki-to cio^a.
MhtpíS, BecB nEijaa, CTajit ptiTBca wl KapMaHaxx. Ptuca
AOJiro, crapaTejiBHO, BHBopaHHBaa seb Bap^aHu, h HaKOHeifB Top-
KeCTBeHHO BilJ90SH.il Ha CTOJTB TpH BOhMrH.
— 3to ito se TaKoe? — cl yflHBjeHieii-B cnpocMi HBaHx,
rjflAfl na MiflflKB.
Mmioxa MOJ^ajrB. Bi esÓ* B(A npBTHXJiH, bc6 raasa 6bmh
oópameHH Ha MeTpia.
— Ry^a-si tu hqjithhhhki-to lihni, a? Cjieihib, %to-jb?—
yse rposHO saroBopn^L OTei^B.
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MHTH)XA— TCHTOIb. 129
MBTpift BSAOXHyjx, h pacrepflHHO yjuóaac*, BíiTamaj* um
sapiiaHa cboh> noKynay.
— Bóra a... KHHssy cetffc... — Haiajt owl.
HBaHt norjaxbn Ha KHHsay, bct&h h mojito Biviuraica cmy
btl bojocu. Ho boxocu — 9TO*6ti eme HH^ero; oto-Óu MHTpifl, no*
zaiyft, crrepnijB; o6hahí& Bcero úujio to, *to HBaai, onpenaBi
CHoa, Bsan RHHsay h xyrL se ÓpocHJB ee bi TonHBmyioca ne%.
choro MflTpifi He BHHecB. Oto paspHA&ica h bi nepBiift paši ra
a«3HH Harpy6H.it OTi^y, nonpeRHyBí ero tím-l, qro oht> Bqepa npo-
nim bi TpaKTopi ropasAO ÓOJ&me nojTHHHHRa.
MesAy ontoifB h cuhoíix ycraHOBHJHCB xojOAHhia OTHomema.
HBaHl AOHBMaJTB MHTpifl pa8HHMH SaJTOCTHUMB CJOBaMH B*B pOA*&
Toro, HanpBMipt, *to Bora-Ae, mine, aaai, — omu erajiH nbaHBipz
i jypaitH, a a*™ — yMHHKH, h t. a., * MHrpifl bi cboh) oqepeAB
xyíca h MOjraara, cTopoHacB OTb bc4xt> h He BxoAa bi ceiie&Hiie
iHTepecH. 3to BpeMeHHoe OTqysAeme ero ora ceubn npHB&io wb
tony, hto Ohi craji 6ojBme HaÓJttAaTB h DpHCMaxpHBaTbca, h to,
lero npesAe oei> He saBifriajrB, Tenept cra-no ópocaTtca eMy bt,
naaa h sacraRULio ero saAyMHBaTBca. MHTpifl BApyro Raai-TO
noaajn., sto Riipioxa h ero sem — rjynu h HeBiaecTBeHHu, qro
oiei^B nacTO CuBaerL HecnpaBeAMBi h hheto eiiy He cirfiera npo-
TIBOpiHHTb, H HTO BOOÓlIje BCe H^eTL BaRl-TO HejínO, COBCtMl H6
ttw», Kast <5h criiAOBajio no HacToan^eity. Bon, Hanpairfipi, sa-
Mysma cecTpu; ao saiiysecTBa oh4 6bmh BeceJHMH, ÓoAkhmh h
ropxaciHMH A*BKaMH, a Tenept crajiH sejmiMH, xyAHMH h, npa-
xoxfl a* hhitb bt» rocra, nocTOflHHO qero-TO mymyKaiOTca ci Bia-
Tepbio, sajiyiOTca h xmiqyra. 3Hauro, hmt> djoxo shtb saMyseirB,
a MeasAy tím* hhrto He otipan^aera BHAMama Ha bto, Kapioxa
TOJBKO XOXOieTB, OTeifB HOCTOflHHO 8aHflTb XOBflfiCTBOlTB, MaTL TO-
se Kaaafl-ro paBHOAyniHaa, Bce MOzraHra, TaKx tto ea h He oiuniHO
HworAa, h jraóo npaAerB, jhóo nocTyBHBaerB ce6i Óep^aMH. lipasa
a xoxcra 6íuh ea crpacTBio, h xotb y Hea bcí yajiaARH jiomhjihcb
on hot, ofla HeyeraHHO npoAOJsaia npacTB h TaaTB, Taai tto
Aase cocíakh yAHBjajiacB h roBopaja MesAy coÓoro: „U TocnoAn
Bose Mofl, h ayAa oto OHa Bce totobotb? H Ha ^to oto efl? ,Hbbh-
6b, Aonepn — HeBicra 6hjh, a to bíab hítl... a OHa Bce Taer&, bco
nen"... H npeAoeraBJíeHHijft cbohmi> mbicjiamt. Mauoxa, cjiuina
9io 5e8npepnBHoe syasaHbe npajKH, Mejio^Hyio aponoTHio oma,
Tom IV.-Idib, 1896. 9
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130 BftOTHHKB EBPOUH.
rpyóiifl myTKH KHpH.ua e ÓescMHCJieHHiitt xoxora ero seHii, Ha-
HHHajT* qyBCTBOBaTB TOCKy h rjyxoe hcaobojbctbo...
MesAy tímt» ; shshb wb aom* nua cbohitb nopaA&OMX. Bcra-
BajH AO-CBÍTy, TonejH ne%, saBTpaicajiH, yÓnpajHCB Ha ABopfc,
MOJOTHIH, 0<%A&IH, ySHHaJH, B*L CBOe BpeMfl JOSHJHCB cnaTB. Ho*
buS Bacbsa 6ujtb BecejPB, HcnpaBHO tra h noBHAHMoicy óhltb aobo-
jieHi cbohmi hoblimt, noMimeHieií* h xosaeBaMH. Tojbko Ahhcba
Bce dTO BpeMfl oÓHapyjKHBíua BaKoe-TO HeoÓiraaltaoe boj Herně h
ÓesnoBoficTBO. BcraKB yTpora, 0Ha paHBme Bcixt Bufóraja Ha
ABopi, hto-to TaMt Afoaaa okojo BacbKH h B03Bpam,ajiacb Bt H36y
cyiipaiHaa h HeAOBOJBHaa.
— Hfey!.. — BOH^HAeHi^iajiBHO cooónjajia OHa Knpioxi. — Hh-
HeBoraeHbKH Hfay...
— Hfay? — osaÓOTeHBO cnpanraBajrB h Kepioxa.
— Hh 3BaHÍa... Botb 6ÍAa-TO, TocnoAH!..
06a B3AuxaJH h HeBecaiue npHHHMajncb sa paÓoTy. A Ha cjA-
Ayiomifi AeHB noBTopajacL omtb to se caiioe.
Ho OAHasxu Ahhcba BopB&iacB bi Hs6y ciaiomaa h Topse-
CTBeHHO ofiiaBHJia:
. — Ectb, ecn»!.. CjaBa Te(íft, TocnoAnt
— Ectb? — BOCRJHKHyjrB Kepioxa h erajn, nocníniHO HaA&BaTB
mansy.
— Ectb... Bca rpHBa ao sanejiBBH!.. Giuhjb, MaTymsa? — otipa-
THjacB OHa kb CBeKpoBH. — Bacbuy-TO Haraero... npHjraotfiurB bÍjb
X03AHHX-T0!
— Hy?
— Bora-Te Xphctocb! Bck) rpHBy samero... Eft Bory npaBja.
A fl-TO ysi 6ofljacb... Hy, CJaBa TeCt, Tocnoxn!
H OHa ÓJiaroroBiftHO KpecraiacB Ha otipara. Knpioxa BepHyjca
co ABopa Toae ciaiomiň, h ohh cb AHHCBefi hphhajhcb otfcysAaTB
paAOCTHoe cotítme. Mnuoxa chaIuh Tyra se h cjtymtui. OffB Bce
eme Ayjca, ho Tyrš eMy enuio He BTepnesi, h ohi pfemiLra
BMiraaTBca wl pasroBopi.
- — Aa HemTO aomoboS-to ecrB? — CKasara okb HacMimjHBo.
H Khphjutb, h Ahhcba, h Aase iiaTB ycraBHMCB Ha Hero
cl H8yifjieHÍeMi.
— A to hítb no TBoeay? — cnpocHJix Kepioxa h x^se 8a-
CMi&iCfl, — ao Tóro eMy iyAHO nonasajiocB, tco mosho conHÍBaTbca
vb cymecTBOBamH Taicoro jraija, Bára aomoboS.
— KoHe^HO, h4tx, — He saAyMHBaacB, otb^^utb Mtfrpift.
Ha JHn,axi bcíxi npHcyTCTByiomHXt HdoÓpasHJCfl ysac&, a
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MHT10XA — FUTElb. 131
Ahhcba xase upadla Ha no-ii, saifaxajia o6íhmh pysaiiH h sa-
rojocaaa.
— Baronuji, poAHMue mob! ^a ohi cťftcHJca... r.aeRO-Cfl,
MaTyraKa-CBeapu, ttď ohx roBoparL-To!..
— ,Ha BOTB H H$TT>! — ynpflMO DOBTOpHJIX MHTpifi. — JI,OMOBOft,
AOMOBoft... HfflB ?ero BLiAyMajm! Bce dTO caasM CaÓBB... oaho cye-
sfcpie. KaKofi íoprB— AOMOBOfl?
— Hy jjkb Hért, — TBepAO h piraHTeJLHO CRaaajn* Kapioxa,
Boanajit omejOMjeHHíjň saaBjeHieiťB MaTpia, ho TenepB npemeAinift
Vb Cetffl H pimHBHlifiCfl OTCTaHBaTB AOMOBOH) H30 BCfcxi chjb. —
JJoMOBoro-TO h4itb? Hy, yn, aio tbi, Ópart, He roBope... aro AyA*a!
— ,fl,a r^i oht>? Éto ero BH^aai-To?
— Jifi a caro B0*ajn>!.. — TopsecTBeHHO oťfaaBHJTB Kepujm. —
OoMHHmB, Ahhcbb? JL Te&h CEasuBaji... Horneji & bi íaaoMy
Eopiiy sa^aBaTs, a onz bi ywiy a chamtl... Can% saneHiifi, a raasa
BpacHue... *a JOXMarafl, #a bi mepcTe... OAHOBa ahxhjtb!
— IlbflHi,, aoj»ho, <5h.ii... botb oho TeÓfc h noMepeui,HJioct>.
— Oft, 6aTK>mra! Ofi, IJapnija HetíecHaa!— sanpHwrajia Ahhcba.
— Kapioxa, Aa hto se 9to ohi? Ajib ohi orjiameHHuň? Haqero y«B
H He ČOHTCfl...
— ,Ha qero mhí 6ohtbch? ^OMOBoro-ro TBoero, hto-jb? #a —
TB$y h Ha Hero, botb ne&h...
Ahhcbh B3BB3reyjia h npHrfua, Bára ÓyATO ee yAapHJH, a Kh-
p»xa bi erpaxi or-aflAkaca no cropoHairo h saiiaxa^B Ha ÓpaTa
pysaiiH.
— JIjbl rame th, HenyTeBuft!.. OAypiuft, ito-jib? YcraniHTi
enje... Aft nero-HHÓyAB CA^aero...
— #a, Hy Bací!.. — csasajTB Msupifi m noinejn> hst, hbÓu. —
A Cl BaMB, CB Aypft^eifB, H rOBOpHTB-TO H6 XOHy...
Opitxajix cb MejBHBn,u HBaHi, h cíjh o6^a^tb. 3a oÓíaomi
Ahhcbh) TaRi tto-to h noAMUBajio. OHa A&iajia Kapioxi Basie-TO
3HaBH, MBraua, KBBajia, HaBOHei^B He BHTepaiuia b BApyra $up-
rayjia.
— BanoniKa, a ÓaromBaL íero y Haci Morpiá-To... roBO-
pm, AOMOBoro He ÓHBaera...
OienB CTporo nocMOTptjix Ha Mhtpúi. MHTpifi MOJi^ajii.
— He (5íi£a-H-HrB? — npoTAHyji-B HBaHx. — 9to kto-si Te64
CBasaii?
— Bi yHHJHm* y^HJie... — OTBfcqajra Mnuoxa He cobcím-b
TBepAO. — y^Hie^B csasEiBajii... h (SaTBomaa TO»e... h b*b sasoH^
BosbeirB HH^ero HiTy...
9*
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132 BfeCTBHKt EBP0HH.
Oieitx MeA^eHHO nposeB&ra Karay, no.iosH.ra ao»Ky Ha ctojmb
h npECTajiBHO norujcfen Ha cuHa.
— A botb, eas&iH bsatb Tetfa h cb yqHTejeira-TO Biť&crl, —
CKasaj* oHi, — #a pasJOSHTB, xa Bcunaib jiosaHOBx cb uojcothh, —
boto tu h CyjeniB Torja yicmraaTB...
Ahhcbh TopatecTBOBaja, h BecB BeiepB b-l hs64 imh crpanraiie
pascRasu npo aomobhxi, jrfcmexi. h khkhmopt,, npo 6a6ymKy 0eoy,
KOTOpyK) AOMOBOfi TaK«B Hcmanaji*, HTO OHa IffcjyH) HejlUK) C&CTB
He Morjra, npo ahaio ^eMeHTia, KOTopufl cbojo CMepTB Bmftn, h
t. a- HlecTH.rfjTHift JleHLKa-ÓpaTHinKa, npHasaBmHCB kb Maiepe, c*
8aMHpaHÍeMi cepAU,a caymajii bc6 bth pascsasH h meimurB: „oft,
MaMymna, Óokcb!" — a Menoxa jesan Ha nojumuci, h eiiy 6iuo
CKy^HO, cRyiHO...
IIOAOniJIH KOpOTKie 3HMHÍe flHH, flMHHHfl, yrpřOMHH HOTO, H
MeTpift sacsyiajrB em,e nyme. Ero TflHyjio bi yqEiHme; BcnomiHaJics
noBofiHiifi IleTpB HBaeoBHH-B, BeceiEie Benepa cb hhbtb, pasroBopu...
Em,e a6hb Koe-KaKi npoxofliurB bx joManiHeft bobrI, Hy, a ya*
BenepoMi pfanHTejiBHO HeKyaa 6tuo jÍBaTBca. Ha yjraijy xoahtk
Mtrrpift enje KaKi-TO He hphbhkb, sanrpuBaTB cb fffeBBaiiH crbcmuicfl,
Aa h a*bkh cmotp&ih Ha Hero Basi Ha noapocTKa, roHMH otk
cefa h ApasHHjrH „nHCKieHKOMT> tf . OcTaBajiocB jeasaTB Ha ne«, ape-.
MaTB h csymaTB jByssaHBe MaiepeHofi npajiKH h eecEOBqaeMyio
TpecBOTHio Ahhcbh. HHorja bt» Hs6y BaxojMH cocfejra, h Haqa-
HajiBCB nepecyxu, cootfmaracB pasHua AepeBeHCKia hobocth b*b po^fc
Tóro, HanpuMÍpB, hto b-b JlaBpyxHHÍ KoajjyHBa Hcuopraia mojo-
Abixi, tto y OeAOTuna Ha ryMei noflBHaca otfopoTeHB, BecB (Humft
e ÓOJfBmyn^ifi, KaKi KonHa, — h t. j. Y MysHKOB* pasroBopu óhjih
nocepBeBH^e, ho Bce ojho h to se, — no^aTa, HeaoHMKH, sema
Majio, xji6a msuio, seMCEift crpora, ceiry hítl, se-ieM moxh...
BkpšflKa, bi bh#& pa3BJieieHÍfl, Enpioxa caftfrica cb seHofi mh cb
B^Ml-HHfiyAB H31> COCifteft HrpaTB B*B „HOCKH tt , H BDJIOTL £0 y&HHa
bx H364 tojibko h cjiumajiocB xjionaHBe BapTaifH no Hocy, a& P&c-
BaTEiBajicfl ApysHiifl xoxotb HrpoKOBx. A Tam, 3aBajHBajHCB cnaTB...
e CRysa, KpoMimflafl cBysa, Bzcfesa Ha^i cejoHi, a KasaJOCB, tto
eft KOHn,a-Epaio hítb.
HaBOHeipB, MaTpii He BHTepnfcii h nornaux m, HOBOify y^H-
Tejiio sa KHHSBaifH. AHApefi Ca.iopuqx Óhjtb cobcímx ho noxoacL
Ha npesHflro y^HTejia. EMy (fcuro yse jítl sa 30, ho ohi Basajica
ewfi eraprae cbohx-l jiítb. XyxeHBBifl, JiuceHBBifi, noACJrfenoBaTufi,
vb Mopm.HHaxt, cb cíahhoS b*b sharhxi pycuxi BOJiocaxi — OWh
npoHSBOAHJii BnenaTJi^Hie nejiOB^Ba, chjbho noMATaro shshbio. EL
jrSflCTBHTeJBHO, nponiJioe ero 6ujlo He oneHB Becejoe, xota b<e
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MHTBOXA — yiHTEIB. 133
nacroamee Bpeiia AHApefi Chaoputb CMOTpÍjn> Ha Hero Basi Ha
Tuemfi, ho Hen8<Hu&Hiift ypoKi, noAroTOBHBmi6 ero b*b Tenepem-
Hel A^TejBHOCTH, KOTopoio Ohi 6hjtb aobojchi h jyímaro HHqero
ee sejaji. yinjca oh* to pea^BHoro yqiuHiivfe, ho Bypca eiiy
KOH^ATb He yxaiocb, h Ohi lyro He co ihbojibhoB CRaMeftBH nonan
n cojAaTH. #Ba roxa eojixanHHH chjbho nepeBepHyjn ero, h orb
eaiiaica cobcíitb ApyrniďL lejOBÍBOMi. Hpesxe ohi jih)6hji bom-
$opn, pasHEifl híshocth, cjajKyK) ixy, BpacHByio OAesxy h
neroui CAÍJaTBca no BpafiHeft wfipfe iraxeHépoirB, htoÓh nojyqHTB
Bce 8to, — kb cojAftTax-L ero sacraBHJiH shtb b*b AyniHoft Rasaparó,
BcraBaTL no 6apa6aey b*b mecrB qacoB* yTpa, 4ctb npoTyxjEui mn,
hochtb rpyóoe cyrao. A rjaBHoe, saícb, n Haaapirfc, oh* yBH-
$si h bt> nepBuft past hohjutb, to) Ha CBirfe ho oahh tojbbo
KaseHepu cl hxi anneTBTaiíH, a cymecTByera eme orpoMHoe qejio-
ífaecsoe craAO, 9to leiOBiraecsoe era^o shbotb bt» rfccHorfc,
TeMHort h rpasH, noroiiy ito HH&eHepara HysHO cjbabo 4ctb h
Mamo cnaTB, h tto eciH He ÓyxerB dToro TeMHaro h AHBaro
craja, to He Cyxera h BpaceBHxx, BuxojieHHiixx HHseHepoBi*
Mfloroe no woiiy noBOAy iiepexyMajii Ae^peft CHAopuqt, .sesa kb
usapiA, Ha CBoefi BO&Kfe, hjh ctoi Ha lacaxi, h bch npeaHaa
ero sh3hb, npeisHÚi ero uenra noBasajHCB eMy hoajhmh, oTBpa-
wtwbhhmh. Tyra noABepHyícfl eme oahkb leJOBiraeBi cb HOHSAaH-
hedih coqHHeHifliiH Tojdoro, h AOBepmH.n HpaBCTBeHHiifi nepejioirB
MOjOAoro lejoBfoa. BafiAfl h3t> coja&tihhh, AHApefi Chaopeitb
Wb dRsaMeHi Ha ceJiBCBaro yHirreM h nocTynejn, Ha iriurro kb
riyxom yfoA* oaho& hst, cpeAHHXi rytfepmfi. 3a^cb oh*b Basou
cypoBofi AepeBeecKofl shbhbio, shmoB — ymn y jítoitb — paÓOTaďB
to boj* cb MysHBaHH, kii MysHi^RyK) iay, cam Bce am cefa
X&iajB. TaicB EaRi ohb He hhjtb, He sypán*, ero CHav&ia cm-
TajH sa ceBraHTa h ctopohhjihcb, ho hotomt> npHBURjiH, a nocjit
h nomÓEM. rjaBHoe, ohi bx AepeBnb osasajicfl npocro Hesan^HH-
VBm> qejOBÍBOMx: h j^htb yiťbjTB, h npomeme HanncaTB, h cto-
Ufn>, h MajiapL, h Bce, vrb hh nonpocHinb, A^JaeTB cb oxoto&,
ci» yAOBOjBCTBÍeii!B 9 TaK-L qTO h npocHTB ero He crpanmo. MysHBH
ťa hh sa hto He paBerajiHCB cb TaBHMi yqeTejeifB, f» ho noHpa-
Bwca Ohi BOMy-TO H3X HaqajbCTBa, h ero nepeBejiH. A hotom^
onm nepeBejH... He ysHBaica AHApefi CHAopuqx Aoaro Ha MtcTaxt.
Bo BpeHH cbohxi crpaHCTBOBamfi oh*b seHHJica xose Ha y^HiejB-
Hiqi, h ohh HaiaiH crpaHCTBOBaTB bmíctí. Ho, hjh ohb cairL
Ictílii h crapucii, hjh BpeMeHa HacrajH Apyrw, ho ero noqeMy-
to ocmBHJH wb noRoi, h offB BTopyio SHiiy 6jaronojyqHO yqHTejB-
dBOBaix Ha MÍcrfe noBoflearo QeTpa HBaHbiqa.
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134 BftCTHHK* BBP0HH.
Korja Mnnoxa npHmeJTB b*b Heiiy sa RHH&RaiiH, AHflpeB Chjo-
Phtb Kyxa-TO cotiapajca h bhahmo cniniHjrB, noTOMy tto, Bucjy-
maro npoCBÓy Mhtioxb, Me-iBROi^ bstibvljji^ Ha Hero Hro-noAt
OTOOBl H, CHflB*B CL HOJIKH JB$-TpH JBCTOBRH, nO/jaJTL eiiy.
— Bort Te64, rojyffaraft, rhhjerh! — csasajii om (rojroconeR*
y Hero Toae Chjii jBHfleHBRift, caatíeHBRift, ne to hto y DeTpa Mbs-
hhto!). — Dpo<rremB, npHXoje bi apyroil pas-B, y iieHfl MHoro. A
Tenept ne* HeKor^a!
MaTpift no6jaroxapHJTB h Btimejra, Bepro rhbjrrh bi pysaxi.
Ohi óbmb He^OBOJieHi: BO-nepBíixi>, yqHTeJB eiiy He nonpaBHJiCfl, —
xotb Ohi 6ua% h jracROBHft, n Bco, a bh^ho, BaRoft-TO y&B oqeHL
ceptesHuB! Bo-btophxb, pasiťfepH KHnaeBi ero cobcíitb pasoiapo-
BajiH. „íero TyrB HBTaTB-TO? AyMajii ohi. Bt> oahh«b <iacB, HetfocB,
crjOHěfflb. Hfrn>, DeTp* HBaHEm Cíjjix ayqrae, h rhbjrrh y Hero
BCe ÓEL9H 8AOpOBeHH£Ifl. A 8TOTB... 1BCTO BOpo6eflL B RHH2Re*IRH
HaxaBajii BaRia-TO TOHeHBRia"...
Oamro, BepHyBmHCB AOMO& h HanoHBB joraa^eft (RcraTB esa-
»tb, BacEsa npe 6jH2safimeMi 3HaBOMCTB$ oÓHapy&BXB MHOse-
CTBO BCAKHXl HOpOBOBl H HeftOCTaTBORB, HO HBaHl HHBaBl H6
coraamajca BToro npesHaTB, cepjHJica, Bor^a ewy o5i btom^ roBO-
pu.10, h yBipajx Bcixt, hto DoTanírey-TO yai jyqme seaTb...),
MHTpifi yjymrb MHHyry h, spajtymCB oto bc&xb, Ha6pocHAca Ha
rhhsrh. 3to 6ijjb cRasRH Tojdoro h enje soe-Basia Hs^aHia Do-
cpejHHRa, ho Mbtioxí oh4 He noHpaBHJincB. Oh*b 6ewb H36aJiOBaHT>
Třemení, h CRasRH ero yse He yAOBieTBop2.n1. n dro 6u botb Kh-
pwxi! — jyiiajrB ohi. — Obtb npo lepTeft jhoChti".
H Ha apyroft A6HB Ohi noHecrB rhhsrh oÓpaTHO. Ha stotb
pas* jHBTejiB cajim xoiia h íto-to crporajrB, a atena, HespacH-
em, ho saMiqaTejiBHO CBͻeHBRaa h (HuieHBBaa (laoHAHHBa, sop-
MHja RamROfi peÓeHBa. B% Rpome^Hofi ROMHaTRi, rjtfi, 6ijbíuio, y
DeTpa HBaHtiqa ctoajíx auwl RopoiiBicjiOBrB, TenepB 61110 hcoCbirho-
BeHHO qHCTo, cbíso h yioTHO. HaAi> ctojiomi* BBcbrB nopiperL
RaRoro-TO ÓopoAacraro crapeKa, Ha crfeeaxi* hojirh, a Ha hhx*b
nponacTB rhhpl, ctojbi, TaÓypeTRH— Bce bto qecroe, ói^oe. Me-
tioxí oqeHB 3a*cb noHpaBHjrocB, — b*ri» 6u ho yrae-m... HoHpaBH-
jiacB h yqHTejbHHn.a, h oh*b sacMOTpijica Ha ea 6&ioe mho ck
b&rhumi pyMAHi^em H (ftuEie BOJOCIJ.
y^BTejB cnanaja ero He ysHajii, ho Ror^a Meipifi no^aji-L
eny RHH3RRH, OHI BCnOMHBJTB H CHpOCHJíl, — HOHpaBHJBCB JIH eiiy OHÍ?
— SI ne jh)6jh) CRadORi-To... — yRjiOH^HBO OTBfcqaas MsTH)xa >
He aejafl o(Sha4tb yiHTeja.— Bh mhí RaRyio-HaCy^B ^pyryio aaflTe...
TypreHeBa ítojb... a to hítb jih Hcropin RaRofi. . npo Pocciro.
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MHT10XA — TOHTEJIB. 135
yqnxeJB óucrpo neperjflHyjicfl ci aceHOfi. h oóa ohh cb jh>6o-
hhtctbom* nocMOTpfejH Ha MaTpia. AÍHTpift CKOH(J)y3HJicjj; eMy no-
sasajiocB, hto okb csasajrB Basyio-TO rjynocTB. Ho y^HTejB b&s-
jhbo noABHHyjrB MaTpiio TaÓypeTBy, npHrjacBJíB ero c*ctb h cra.ii
pascnpaniHBaTB, — BorAa okb bohihjtb sypcí, htí) qHTajr&, sasia
BHH2BBH eMy ÓOJIBffle HpaBflTCfl. MhTBOXB OTBfoaJTB OCTOpOSHO, He
otchb BucsasuBajica, (Joacb HTO-HHÓyAb „juinHyTB a h ocpaMBTBCa,
HO npOCHA^Bl OBOJO TOCy, KbCBOJBBO OCBOOCfl, a IIOffB EOHeHT»
no^yBCTBOBajrB ce(5a TaBB, (SyATO ohi bíb-b óhjpb shbbomi cl yw-
TeieMB, b yxoftfl, yHOcmii cobcímb He Tasoe BneqaTjrfeHie, Basi
B^epa. ^Hítb, tu He iuhah, hto oh* a^aBifl... — BopoÓefi! AyMajiB
ohb, maraa no nymiHHOfi jjmnijb h híxho npasHMaa bb ceóí
CBflSBy khhpb, nojyqeHHuxB on ÁHApea Chopím. — 9to Aaoieso He
poAHfl IleTpy HBaHuqy... Toiiy, 6uBazio, tojbbo 6u norpoxoTBTB,
xa csasn ?ero nonyAHie, a stoto — raxeHbBift, He yjufiHeTca, Hy
yara saTO tobophtb-to aaBBl.. IIpaMO, TaBB 6u cha4jtb bck> ho*b,
W h ciymaiit YMHiifi, ropám, h Bce, aojubho, sHaero. 3-9X1! tt
IIocjrbAHee BocaMijame bupb&kocb y Hero yse BaayxB otb
H3ÓHTKa qyBCTBB h BaKpň-TO HeoÓuiafiHoft pajocTH, HanojiHflBmeft
ero íyray. H eMy HenpeM^HHO saxoTfijiocB hoa^otboa cb bími-
HHÓyAB 8TOfi paAOCTBCO. OffB BCHOMHHJTB HpO CeHBBy JIaTH6Ba H
nomejro b*b HeMy.
CeMeHi kobhhjib BypcB ea roAB nosse Mhteoxh, h SHTBe ero
TenepB Toae Óujio He cjbaboc Oiei^B ero 6hjtb qeJioB-fcBB Tase-
juS, MpaHHBifi h Aecnoro no HaTypi. HBaHB JKhjhhb — totb tojibbo
bb CBoeft npHBepseHHOCTH kb cTapHH* nepecajnBa.TL, Bootfme se,
no xapasrepy, ohb <5hjib MysHBB AOÓpoAyraeuft, Aase MarBift, bb
xopomia MHHyTu He npo% 6hjtb h caMB nomyTHTB, nocM$aTBca,
noniTB díchb. A IIpoBO$i& JlaTHeBB h c&wl mBor^a He CMJuugca,
h TepnŠTL He MorB, Bor^a Apyrie npa HeMB cmííotcs. Oh*b jk>6hjtb,
tto6h Bcfi nepe^B hhmb rHyjiHCB, TpeneTajie, 6hjih Teme boabi,
HHse TpaBu. Bb H36i y hhxb Bceraa tohho hoboííhhbb 6hjb, — hh
CMixa, hh roBopy; nh&e Majiume 6oajihcb HHBHyTB. KorAa-TO, wb
paHHefi CBoeft mojioaocth, IIpoKo^ifi 6hjib nepBuft Ha cejrfe ryjiasa
H óyflHB, JHOÓHaB HO^paHTHTB H SBAaTB $OpCy, AeóOfflHpHJIB no
Ka6aKaM%, yqacrBOBaiB bo bcíxb yjeqHuxi 6oaxb h oaho BpeMfl
xase chjbho noA03p*Bajca bb KOHOKpaACTB*. Ho cb tíxi. nopr,,
RasB ero OAHaaAH ao nojiycMepTH hcbojothm MysHBH coci^naro
ceja, ohi chjibho usMiHHjrca. ^ojro npoxBopaiB ohb docjií no-
(oeBB, qyTB He noMepB, a sorAa bct&3b — hhbto He mopb yanaiB
npesHflro „npomBH-OropBflrH". Ohi saMBHyjcca vb cefflb, BOABy
} iihtl 6pocHJiB, aeHHJicfl h sasHJB no-BpecTBAHCBH. Ho ero rase-
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136 BftCTHHKB EBPOnU.
Jlíjfi HpaBX, CTpoiITHBOCTL, SeJiaHÍe BJiaCTBOBaTB AťWH Ce6fl SHaTb
Bt oTHomeHiH rx ceMbi. JKeHy cboeo oh*b saROJOTura ao ioro, hto
6&AHaa <5a6a Bnajia bt, haíothsitb, npa ero bxoa* TepajacB, MtiRa-
mcb, Kaši yrop&iaa, eecjia bcakíS BSAops, h Bce y Hea BajHJiocB
hsi pyKi». Jíth oto OAHoro ero B3rMAa npaiaJiHCb no yrjam, bto
RyAa^ocníďB. Oahhi tojbro CeHBRa yAajca He TpycjiHBaro *e-
CflTRa h ^yTL ee cb nejieHORi noBeJit ci otijomx Bofley. Bi a^t-
ctb*6 bto fauix mycTpufi MajiBHyraHi, 6oflRÍft Ha CJOBa, satíia&a ja
MacTepx Ha BcaRia BHAyMRH. EtAHara-iiaTB b$?bo TpacjacB sa Hero
h nyrajia ero otijomx, ho ea Hero 8to HH?yTb He flificTBOBajo.
— CeHBBa, CeHBRa, otcivb HAero! — KpHqa.ia OHa, ÓuBa^o, Roraa
MaabHyraHi qepesx-Hypfc pacmajurrca.
— A nymafi ero HAera! — OTSbiBfuca CenBRa.
— #a b*a& npefiBera ohx Te6a, RaTop»HHft!
— A a cxa^H AaM%I — He saAyMHBaacB, OTBfoajix MajibqaraRa.
— Afl, aft, afi! Bauera kh! 3to oma-TO, owja-TO? Ax%, th,
OTqaflHeufl! — vb ysacfe BOCK.jHij.a.ia iiaTB, osnpaacB no cropoHairB,
RaR* 6h He ycjmxajrB IIpoRo^ifl.
IlpoRo^ift, BnponeMi, h caifB, HeasBÍCTHO mraeifly, yraeTa^B
GeBBRy Meetrae, tám Apyrexx A*Teft, 6bjtb ero p&ARO, a HHorxa
xase CeHBRHHii bhxoarh RaRx-ÓyATO satfaBjajrH ero, h CeHbKi
*acro cxoamo cb pyRi to, sa hto ApyrHMi Heóujio cnycRy. Mo-
serB <5bitb, npH BsrjraA* Ha CeHBRy, eMy BCnoifHHajiocB coĎctbch-
Hoe a^tctbo; Mosero 6htb, oht, yjiOBJíaj* bx cbihí RaRia-HHÓyjB
poACTBeHHHA nepřu... rto ero sraera?
Ho RorAa CeHBRa erajx noApoeraTB, h wl xapaRTepfc ero Haiau
pÍ3KO OfíHapyaHBaTBCfl BCHHJIBHHBOCTB, HaCTOftHHBOCTB, CaMOCTOflTeJB-
hoctb, — IIpoRO^ift RaRi-6yATO pacRaaaca wb ceoeft ycTyn^HBOCTH h
noBejii. ce6a c% cuhoitb oieHB Rpyro. Ho 6blho yata hobaho: CeHBRa
He ycTynajrc* eMy hh bx tomi, orpusajca Ha RasAOMx máry, a
Kor.ua oAHasAH HpoRO^ifi B3AynajrB-()HJio ero noereraTB BOsaaMH
no erapoft naMara, — CeHBRa BecB noóxbwhjn*, ocRajiejca h, cxBa-
TBBX HOJIÍHO, TaKX HOCMOTp&rB Ha OTI^a, TCO TOTB nJIIOHyjrL H,
npoóopMOTaBi ^to-to HacqerB BOJocTHoro, oromejii npo?B. Ohi no-
^yBCTBOBajcB bi chhí CHjy, no^TH paBHyio ce6t, h bto bi oaho h
to se Bpeiia h Hcnynuo, h o6objhjio ero. Ob aToro Ana Mesxy
oti^omx h cuhomi Ha^aJiacB oxecTOieHHaa 6opb6a: oTei^B xot&tl
BO WO ÓH TO HH CTfUO CHOMHTB H HOAHHHHTB Cetft HenOROpHaTO
CbíHa, a ckh-b He' noAAasajica h CToaM Ha CBoeirB. Biqaaa rpusHa
Dorajia bt> aomí JlaTneBuxi, h sanyraHHaa seHa IlpoKO^ia co aha
Ba AeHB osHAajia HeMenyneft 64ah.
Ho erapofi fflKOJBHoft Apy»<5i MeTioxa Cb CeMeHOMi qaero
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MHTIOXA — yqHTEJIB. 137
aOABJHCB BMtCTfe, fimSJUCb BUeqaTJliBiflMH H pa3MunufljH o CBOefi
ropBKoB cy^BÓi. Bb bxt> nojiosemn 6u.io MHoro oón^aro, h 9to
eme foifce ctiinsajo bx«b, a 8aAymeBHua 6ec*AU npiraocHJiH hmb
ofaerceme a yAOBOJBCTBÍe. íacro ohh npBHHMajBCb Me<rraTb h sa-
HOCBJBCb TaKt BHCOKO, HTO CaifHlfB CTaHOBBJOCb CMÍIDHO. Cl Te-
HeBÍeni> BpeideHH Apyaróa hxb crasa enje rtcete h hxb Bce name
i *ame TBHyjio Apyn kb Apyry. CBHAama hxb hpohcxoabjih — sbmoS
Txb-BBÓynh Ha yjHitfi, aoAajBme otb HapoAa, a jítomb — sa JlaTHeB-
csmrB oropoAOMB, ea (Sepery p&qRH, hoab crapofi AynjiBCToS paKHTOft.
H MHoro-TaKB npBmjiocb HacjymaTBCfl 3T0ft erapoft paKBrfe!
Tasí 6imo h Tenept. HpiaTejiH AOJiro cha&ih Ha BerxoMB Rpu-
je?K& xjrftóHaro aii6apa b pasroBapBBajH o AOManiHHxi Apasrax*,
o&h yHHTejii h ero Kmiraxi, o cbobxb mhcjbxi h MeTraxB. CeMeHB
8aBHTepecoBajicfl ynaiejieiiB, b ohh pimBJB bb cxfcAyromiB pasB
noftTH kb Heny bmíctí. Ha hhxb thxo tjba^b 3b$3au; xoJOAHoe
8nfHee He6o 6imo TopsecTBeHHO h nei&iBBo; cb yjHn,ti aohoch-
JHCb díchb pasryjflBmeficfl AepeBeecKoft MojOAeara. Ha Aynrfc y
npuT&iefi (Shjio thxo, xopoino h hcmhosko rpycrao. H MeiTaraiiB-
Hofi yBjesaionúftcfl MnTK>xa, MaAa Ha 8B&AH0e H e6o, BApyrB boc-
UHKHyjB BOcropseHHo:
— Axb, CeHtKa, a& b4ab ho nponaAaTB se tomb, a? 1 Iaft,
xh to se jhoah!..
CeHBsa noMOJiara, noAyMaJiB, hotomb caMOyB&peHHO Tpaxayjrb
rojOBoft h CKasajB:
— HeÓocB, Mmroxa, He nponaAeiixL
HaBBHHe AepeBeHCKie napHH He 8Hajra eme, hto h nocBjbHie
ixb i»AH nponaAajB, Ao6uBaacb npaBa iiucjihtb h »btb 9 no-qejo-
sinecKH 8 , h to He oahbxb bxb JOMaja h KOBepKaja CTparaeaa
TeMHaa ciua, HiieHyeMaa Mahoctbio h HeBfotecTBOMB.
VI.
Menoxa ohbtb noBaAHica xoabtb bb mKOjy b TacaaTB orryAa
khbzbh. Khhskh y AHApea GflAopaqa 6ujih ocoóeHHua, ho Tose
saHATHua — npo sbísah, npo shbothhxi b hthijb, npo qejiOBÍKa, Kára
owb BHyTpH ycTpoeHB, — h MHoro ApyrBXB. Ho TaBB Káro BpeMeHa
<5bjh He npesHia, to Mbtioxí iiphxoahjiocb toiotb hxb TaflKoirB otb
cbohxi bo Hró&saHie ccopB h pyroTBB. 3to Óujio otohb TpyAHO,
ocoÓeHHO 8Hnofi, uodTOMy MHTpifi oieHB jhoÓhjtb, KorAa ero nocu-
xaiH Hoqbio KapayjuTb obhbb. Tyw kb Heiiy upbxoahjib h CeiieHi,
(OH caAHJHCB okojo ne^H, neKja bb sójí KapTomKy b npn cvbrťb
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138 BfcCTHHK'* EBPOHBI.
nujaiomefi cojomh bcbo hoib HanpojeTB hetmu h pasroBaproain.
H 9to Óhjih caMfcia xopomia mhhyth b* hxi shshh.
Ho OAHa&Au Kaptoxa nojribsT* Ha no-saia sa Tyjiynoira, aa no
HeiaflHHocra cramaji-b ee cbo6, a Mhtboxhhi. Grajii oh*b ero sa-
KiixuBaTB oóparao, — rMjB, h3*b pyRaBa RHHsaa KaKaa-TO Topqnra.
Knpioxa Bueyji% ee, ocMOTpta, npoiaax no CRjaaairB — „o TpaBO-
ciaoiu u — ti ceíhacb norfurajca cbohwb OTRptirieirB cl ÁHBCbefi.
06a obh hojito cmíjjjihcb, b sa oĎíjomi, Rorja, no o6utok>, bc&
6hjih vb c6op£, HanajiH noATpyHHBaTB Hafli MhtboxoS.
— CjufflB, 6aTfomKa, y<roTejLB-TO Hann>... — CRasajrB Kapajurb,
noAMBrHBaa atefli. — Ysi boh*b oet RaRia rhbsrh-to Tenepnia ra-
Taera..- RaRi TpaBy cfcm!..
Ahhcbh (J)BipEHyjia. Mmpift noRpacHÍurB a noTynajca; OTeijx
MOJina BsrjflHyjii Ha Hero.
— y^HTeaB! A yqirreJB! — npoAOjrsaji Kapioxa, nojbsyacb
ciyqaeiii BCiacxB noxoxoTaTB. — Tu 6h Haci noy^Mi, RaKB TpaBy -
to cfcioro, a? A to, MO&ero, noy^eniB, itaRi naxaTb naflo? Mu,
HOserB, a naraeMX-TO He no TBoeMy? EsbIictho, no Mysni^ROiiý
AÍJiaeifB, a ne no yqeHOiiy... tei ym noy^H, CAluraí mmoctb!..
Ohi saxoxoTaax; Ahhcba sa bhm-b. Oreip npoAOJJBaxB moji-
qaTB. Manoxa HaROHei^B He BHTepnfoi.
— Ha^ero Tyrb CMÍnraoro hřtb! — cb Aocaxofi BUMOJBHJit owb. —
3Ra... poTB-To pasHHyjix — tmah, raiRa BJieniTL! Th TpaBy, He-
6ocb, He cbsun>... Hy, n noywcB!
Kapioxa ci seHOfi 3ajiajacB eme nyme; Ahhcba aaae Raraefi
nonepxHyjiacb, saMaxajia pyRaira, saRanuiajia a y(5iaajia bx cíhh.
— Hy, noyra, noyra... — crbosb cmíxx bumojbhjh» Kapioxa.
— ítoktb... a th AyMaenib, hjioxo, hto jih, nainyrb bi rhhsr$-
to? — HeyBfcpeHHO Hanám MaTpift. — Bohi y Haci RopHOBme XBa-
Taerb... a sqmjis noxb naporo spa uponajaera. A bohi eseje
BSflTb, #a 8ac4aTB ee RJieBepoarB, tori botb Te6i h Ropra... A
seiíJia otb RjieBepa era,e jyqme poahtb... Boto 6a bottb, h no-
npo6oBaTB .. Ajib en^e THMoýeeBRa ecrb...
Ho TyrB y»e Kapioxa He Bu^epsajii a paapasHJiCfl TaRHira
xoxotomx, hto cnaBmift wb jbojbrí cuHaniRa ero npocHyjica a 3a-
Rpnqa.ii, a BepHyBmaaca H3i cbHeň Ahhcbh no CBoeiiy o6eirho-
BeniH) npackaa Ha hojtb h saBH3»ajia. Cm^jica, rjHAfl Ha 6para, h
JleHBRa, xoTfl He nonEiiajii xopomeHBRO, vb qem aíjo; tojibro
IlBaHx yrpiOHO MOjqaxx a npHerajibHO CMOTptďi Ha MaTtoxy.
— KaRoft-TaROft eme RjieBepTb? — cnpocHJTB ohx.
— TpaBa TaRaa... ea y aacb bx Jiyraxi* MHOro. I^BirL y Heft
RpaCHBlft, a JIHCTHRX...
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MHTIOXA — YHWTEJLh. 139
— H 9HTy TpaBy cíatb? — nepefimrB ero HBaHi.
— OfcaTb...
— Ha napj?
— Ha napy...
— ^ypaiťB tu, AypaKx h ecTBÍ— ptmejt HBaex u nojfcgb Ha
ne%. Ho jeaa yse Ha ne?H, oh*b AofiaBHJTB, hh r-b ROMy ocotieHHO
He o6pamajaci>: — Aab yat MHAypaRH CTajiH... a bh tíoabHO yiiHH...
Hťrt, bhaho noMHpaTb nopa...
H owb aojwo emfi ito-to Bopqajix, BopoqaacB <zb ÓORy-Ha-ÓOR**
h B3Aiixafl. HenoĎi^HMoe hbíími ynopcrBO Mhtk>xh b*b ero crpeM-
Jiemaxi k*b khhjkkí He Ha myTKy Ha^ajio tfesnoROHTb crapHRa, h
wi ero HenoBopouiHBOMX iiysiujKOirb iioary, npHxaaieHHOiťB bí-
saMH pa6cTBa, Hy»AH h eeBiaecTBa, saKonoinajHCB RaRia-ro CTpaH-
Hua mhcjih. Khukkh... KJieBepi... OTpHijame AOMOBoro... Bce bto
nyraao ero, h HeaHy HyA&iocb, hto Ha Hero H^en, hto-to rpos-
Hoe, nenoHflTeoe, bt, poA* ?yMU, runová, xoaepu h Bcanaro Apy-
roro ÓosecRaro HaciaHia.
Tím*b se BeqepoMi), RorAa hb Mffrpia, hh HBaHa He Óhjio b«b
H3(5t, — Bcer^a MOJmBmaa „MaTymRa* BApyrb saroBopaaa, o6pa-
maacb ri KepEjuiy:
— H hto th, Knpioxa, Ha MiiTBRy omy HaroBapHBaenib?
íero bij Ha napHa BStSuHCb?
Kepioxa onfonurb h cb yAUBjemeiii nocMOTp&rb Ha MaTb.
— #a qyftHO Óojbho... — CRasara oht>.
— ítí) qy^HO-TO?.. A h lyflHO, Hy nocirfeajincb <5u npoMeacb
cetfa, a He to hto ouja TpeBoacHTb. ^hbh <5h napeHb 03opcTBOM>
RasHifb saĚMajca, ajis ňest jtfuia ryaajrb, a to b$a& Hfrry btok).
A th ero HOpOBomb uorl thíbi noABecTH... r^fe 6h noiiojmTb,
TaRi H*Ty, — Ha^OTb port pa8HHyn> noraope. A OTeij* cepsaeTt.
— Jífl BÍA& HeiHTO a, ToCHOAK!.. — BOCRJIBRHyjrB B3BOJHOBaH-
Htifi Kapioxa.— KaÓn a co saa hto-jb... ajb 6u mbí hto... a to b*6a&
a ftjia ciiixy...
— íaa CMŠxy... Ilopa 6u yai carfcaTbca-TO 6pocHTt — cain>
TaTa... H tu, MaTyniRa, Toate! — oópaTHJiacb OHa h rt> Ahhcbí. — Xh-
xh, a& xa-xa, a lero cirfeinHO, h caifa He BHaerb. Pobho ahta
Mcuoe.
— Hy yai th, MaTymRa... hto ya% »to TaRoe? Ys-b h ho-
CMiflTbca Hejib3a... — caasa-ia AHHCba ofiaaeHHO h HaAy-aacb. Ho
MaTb saMOjRjia h efcjia sa cbok) npajRy.
finpo?eiii Ha Kapioxy MaTepeHCRÍa yBimaHia aajio do^íjSctbo-
BajH. ^Ha Asa oh*b RpinMca, a hotomi onaTb naiaji% npncTaBaTB
si Mhtpík) h ApaaHHTL ero RseBepoifB. „Hy-Ra, Manoxa, pas*
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140 BfcOTHHKB EBPOniI.
CKaa£H-Ba, pa3CBa«H npo K^eBepx-TO, mei nocayraaeMB! Taní lue-
Bepx, a? tt H 6oraiypcKÍft xoxotl ero pacKaiwBajica no Bceft H364.
Tojibbo qro Mbtpíh) cpoBHfljiocb 18 tón — OTeijB pímHJTB HeMej-
jeHHO ero aieeuTb, noaaraa oťhitb bhÓhtb y Hero hsb pojiobh bck>
Aypb. HeB^era y Hero aabho y»e 6tua Ha npHMÍri. MaTíoxa He
npoTecTOBajii, — hto-jrb, jKeHHTBca, TaKi aceHHTBca!.. Ho CeMeHt JlaT-
HeBi 6ujib npoTHBi oToro h Bca^ecKH crapajicfl ottobophtb npia-
Tejia otb aeHHTbóti.
— H oxoTa Tetffc cb <5a6oft CBasuBaTBca! — roBopMB ohb. — Hpo-
namift qe.iOBi^ 6yjemb. Botb ys*B a Ha TBoeMB arfccrfc hb sa mto 6u
fle ateHHjicfl!
— A hto a&e th CA&iaenjB?
— ^a — CKaaajTB 6u He xony, h KOHen,x!
Ho MHTcoxa no naTypi HecnocoÓeHi <Shjtb Ha Tauoe 8Hepra-
qeckoe conporaBJíeHie a seHoaca. HpHTOifB (tfuoBypaa ÍOMea cb
cbohmh (5ojbniHMH roaytftiMH raasaiiH eiiy HpaBHJiacB, a bb rjryÓHfffc
Aynra ohi Ha^tajca naňra vl Heft ípyra, cl kotopeimb mojbho
Óyjierb noroBopsTB no Aym* h BOTopuft Cy^era cb hhmb sa-OAHO.
Ero ojkhamo ropBKoe • pasoiapoBanie. AoiiHa oóeapyaajia nojH-feft-
mee paBHOAymie ro Bceíiy, mb HHTepecoBaao MnTpia h, HanpoTBBx,
Bceft Aymoft TflroTÍja kb TOMy, htí) eiiy He HpaBMOCb. Korja oh*b
npofoBajB roBopHTB cb Heft o pasHHXB bhcokhxb itaTepiaxi, ^OMHa
bhahmo CKyq&ia, Tyno rMAluia Ha Hero, sÍBa^a, qecajacB h BHRa-
3UBa.ia ABHoe HeTepnfcme, ho ctoh.io tojibbo Ahbcbí noAMnrHyTB
eft h CA^iaTB KaKyio-HBÓy^B CMtniHyH) rpnaiacy, Ha EOTopna Boofinje
OHa Óujia CojiBraaa MacrepHija — h JJoMHa 0jKHB.aa.1acB, xoxoT&ia h
3aB0AH.ia cb AHHCBeft HecKOHiaeiiyK) óojitobhk) o pasHUXB nycra-
RaxB. KHor^a bi btbxb pasroBopaxi npHHHHajrb yqacrie h Kh-
pioxa; ohh HaqeHajH manaTB ApyrB apyra, ÓopoTBca; noAHHM&aaCB
B03HH, xoxotl, Apasa kb myTBy, a MaTpifi chaíjib kb ywy bcímh
8a6uTiift a cb rpycTBH) AyMa.ii,, hto rpyóua myTBH a ocrpoTti
<5paTa ropasAO 6ojit>ine HpaBaTca ^ombí, hímb ero B yMCTBeHHue a
pa3roBopn. Cb AoBCteň ^OMHa noApysejiacB, a y hhx-b saBe^HCB
cbob 6a6í>a cespena, saBia-To mymyBaHBa no ywaMB, xoth, Bnpo-
^eifB, 9to HHCBOJBKO He MÍHiajio hmb no BpeMeHairB rpusTsca MesAy
coóok) n saBHAOBaTB ApyrB Apyry H8B-sa BaKoft-HHĎyAB jieHToqBH,
njcaTBa bjib CTeBjaHHUXB tfycB. Ho xyse Bcero 6ujio to, yto Kor^a
Knpaj.TB cBsenoft npHHBMasHCB Bumy?HBaTB MnTpia, — J^OMHa npe-
coeAHHajacB b*b hhmb a Tose Ha^BHajia pascBasuBaTB npo Hysa
pasHEie CMinraue Cviysaa. Kpoiríi Tóro y Hea a Apyrie HeAoeraTBH
OKasa.iacb: OHa 6u.ia HepanurHBa — no u&iuwh Rešfyiawb xoahtb bt>
rpasHoft pyóaxt, a Ha y.iauy HenpeM^HHO BupaAHTca wl n.iaco-
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MHTIOXA — 7TOTE JB. 141
Byio Kopceray; qotoitb jišhebe h Bce A^a Roe-RaRi, tojbro 6u
c6utb CRopie Cb pysi, easoHeiVL, erpameo rpyfia h <5paH<iHBa. Eft
HHnero He ctohjio nsi-sa nycraROBi uojiflSTb tb^tl na bch) nstfy,
a orpraajacB oea Ha Ra&AOifB máry, ne to hto ÁHHCBa, ROTopaa
Bce tfojBffle mojrromi OTA&iHBajiacB h pyrajacB oqeeb pfcARO, sor^a
ys*B oieHB „saHanpacHO* ofiHAarB. Bce 8to MaTpift oqeeb cnopo
pasrjfl^^, ho h tjtb no Heyiť&flBK), xasi npeawe cb Kepioxoft,
noerynHJii oqeflb spyTO. Bmícto Tóro, htoÓh nocieneHHO OTyqaTK
seHy ott> ea HeAoeraTROBX h hoahhhhtb ee ceót, octb eraji cb
Hefl pyraTBCfl h othmi ee osecroTOjrB h oTTOJiRHy.ii otb cetía. Ha-
qaiHCB y bhxb ccopu; pasoiapoBaHHuft MaTpifi npHAHpajca rs
seHt h ohjhjii ee 3a Bce, ht6 eiiy ra Heft He npaBBJíocb; hoao-
spHT&iBHafl, ynpaiiaa, CBoeHpaBHaa ^OMHa He noAA&BajacB h bos-
irtmaja cboh oÓhan CTOpen.eR),
Kor^a ^OMHa safiepeiieHkia, MeTpift noqyBCTBOBajt kl seHfc
sa^ocTB h h&8boctb, h Ha fffeROTopoe BpeMfl ne»Ay cynpyraMH
Bo^BopHJicfl mpb. MBTpift 6hjb h CMymem b bi to se Bpeiia
pa^x, hto y Hero poAHTca petieHORi, ROToparo yax obi bo Bca-
koitb cjyqai (SyAera BOcanraBaTB no CBoeHy. Ohi nom&ii. r-b y*H-
TeJIfO COff&TOBaTBCa H (ÍIWB O^eHB TpOHyTB yTOCTÍeift h AHApea
Cbaophto, h ero aeHBi, KOTopue OTHecaocB ri j&iy otohb cepBesHO,
ea^aBaia eiiy pasHtixx RHaaeRi, HacTaBjemS, a yiHTe-JBina, Rpoirf)
Tóro, o&bmfijidL h RpecTHTB petfeHRa h HaraaTb eMy pacnamoHORi.
Ohi ymejii otb hhx* B3BOJHOBaHHiift, bt> crpamHO BOCTopseraoirc
HacrpoeBÍH, ho ri yAflBJeeiio h pasoiapoBaHÍK) ero, AOMa OTHec-
JHCB Rl OTOMy He TOJIBRO B6 paAOCTHO, HO Aa86 nOAOSpHTOJIBHO H
BpasfteÓHO. Bo-nepBux* ORasaJocB, ito RpecniTB MJiaAeHija tfyAera
ÁHHCba, oto yxe a&bho 6ujio pimeHo h no^necaHO; bo-btophxi,
sto ee SHaera, hto sto Taní sa yiHTejiBina TaRaa h saiiii-B efi
B^pyrB hh cb Tóro, hh cb cero pyÓamKn qyxoiiy petfeHRy ihbtb,
*b TpeTBHxi, HaKOHe^, poah A*áo 6aÓbe, n MysHRy coBaTBca
CD^a BOBce He csi^h. BucjiymaBi* Bce bto, MeTpifi on^yrajii b*b
cepfflft CBoeirB OTqaame, cjiobho y Hero othhm&kh hto-to eeoťíuR-
HOBeHHO Aoporoe, co6ctb6hho eiiy opaHaA^esamee, h pioiHJit ho
cjaBaTBca.
— Hy ya% h4pb! — BOCR^BRHyjrB ohi. — 9ro bu TaM*B BiABMy
RaRyio-HHÓyAB nosoBeie, as boposhtb 6yAeTe, yat dToro a He
% nosBOJH)! JI seMCRyio aRymepRy nosoBy.
— Ob HaMH Rpecrnaa CFJia! BtA^My! — saRpE^cua AHHCBa. —
Ohi>, AÍsyniRa, cÓÍchjjcjj! KaRia cioBa roBoparB? 9to rto se
BŠAí>Ma-TO (TB$y, TB$y!)? Yai He 6a6aa jh Hama, KupaMHxa?
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142 BfcCTHBKB EBPODH.
— KHpHjjHxa hjih eme toitb ípyraa RaRaa, a tojbro a ee
otciow Typny.
— MaTynraa, auamb-Ra, wťb OHt?.. „TypHy 11 ! #a OHa, cra-
pymRa 6o»Ba, ^afi eft Bon sAopoBBa, Bce ceao Ha cbohx-b pysar*
npBHHMajia, h y iieHa npBHMiaja, h y MaTymra TBOefi Te6a ace,
He6ocb, HenyTeBaro, noBHBwa, a th — „TypHy"!
— H TypHy! ,3,a eme cojh Ha xboctb HacuMio, htoÓu Ha-
sa^B He BepiajiacB!
— Hy TaKi a se aRymepRy tboh) TypHy— botb tto! — Bxoja
bi asapro BOSOflHJia Ahhcbji. — 5L eft bc£ Hora yxBaTOirB nepejo-
Maio, a He aam ao M.aaAeHraRa ROCHyTbca! Ba^aja a ee Toae,
noraHyio! CTpaaeHHaa, TatfanameMi Bca npoBOHAJia, He A»ft-TO
rocnOAH! He cb KnpajiJHXoft cpaBMTB...
— 3to, MoaerB, oto-to h ecTB BÍJAbiia, a He RapajMaxa, —
sairfjTaja icojmBinafl ao chxt> nopi> ^OMea.
9to saiáiqaHie cpasy yfiajro MaTpia. Ohi Óesea^esHO BsrJia-
Hyji, na seny h saiiojiqajix. TeicHaa cana oócrynajia ero co bc6xx
CTOpOfll, H OWb H6 yM*JB, He 3HWB, RaRfc cb HeK) 6opoTbCfl, a
TOJIBBO HOpTHJTB A^O CBOeft HMHfflHeft ropaWOCTBK).
O^HaRO ohi npoAOJsaai RpfcnaTbca, etapa jca He cepAHTb seHy
h BcaiecRH sa Heio yxa»HBaxB, oóeperaa ee otb JianiHeft patfoTu.
^omhí 9to HpaBMocb, ho OHa noHHMaja 3to yxaaaBaHbe cobcímt*
He Tara, KSLKb 6u cjri&AOBaao, h noaTOMy crpamHO RanpHSHaqaaa,
jOM&sacB h npeyBe.iHHHBft.ia rarocTB CBoero nojoaeHia, aejaa bíi-
8BaTB wb MaTpia eme ÓbjíBmyio híjkhoctb. OHa h ue noAOspí-
Bajia, htg MuTpiH) HHorAa crpaniao xorkaocb ee otrojothtb sa
ea RanpasH, ho om> čoajca sa peóeHRa, h ofaersaji ce6a tojlro
tím*, hto yxoAMi Ha oropoA*, Ópaji-B Tonopi h npaHHiiajica hbo
BC4xi> CH.1T> pyÓHTb HH B*B TOM* HeHOBHHHyK) ROJIOAy, BCHOKOffB
Biuta CMHpeHHO jesaBmyio noji MeraeifB bs RpanaB*6.
Eme Tasené 6bijio Mhtpík), Ror.ua b*b H3Óy HaÓapajiHCB co-
c4am h MesAy hhmh 3aBa8UBa.ica pasrOBopi, Ójihsro RacaBmiftca
osH^aeMaro coGuria. Baóu oam nepeA* Apyroft HanepeptiB* no-
AaBaaH ^omh* cobítu, Kam, naAO noerynaTb b*b TaKHXx aiyqaaxx,
h KasAaa asi hhxi, yiiyApeHHaa coÓCTBeHHiiMi ohhtomx, Henpe-
míhho Ha^HHajia cb HejBqaftniHMH noApoĎHOcraMH pascRasHBaxB,
ítaKx ohr caiia poaaaa, a& ht6 cb Heft bx sto Bpeiia a^mh, htď
eft noMorjo, otb qero crajio xy»e. OAHa coBiTOBaaa nyme Bcero
ÓoflTbca „npaTRH* a w ycRona a , — TaaHCTBeHHUxx tfojifeHeft, ese-
MBHyTHO HOACTeperaEomaxi 6í,neyK) poateHHuy; Apyraa cooĎmaja,
hto otb „MJiaAeHCRoft* HenpeMÍJHHO HaAO hmítb HaroBopeHHyio
HHTRy; TpeTba peROMeHAOBajra AoeraTB w OBe^ift nysupB*, BucymHTB
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1
i
[
mhtioxa — yqaTBJb. 143
ero h hochtb Ha mei bm4ct4 <tb ofipasoifB. H <54ahm ÍOMHa, Ha-
nyraHBaa bcímh othmh ysacaMH, (SjrfcAH&ia, He cnaaa no Hoiam,
noTepflja anneTHra h nasoHei^B AÍficTBHTejibeo 3axBopa.aa. Bce 8to
TIII,aTejn>HO CKptlBajOCB OTB MHTpifl, H OAHaSABI OHI, BepHyBinucb
OTEyAa-TO, sacrajn* wh hs64 BHCOKyio xyjyH) crapyxy, cb opjiH-
HLIJTB HOCOlfB H BeJIHHaBOBO OCaBROft. OHa CHA&ia Ha HOieTHOMl
Mtcrfe h hto-to roBopoia rycniiťE ÓacoMx, a ^OMHa h Ahecbu
noAOÓocTpacTHO ee CJiymaJH. 3to h Cujia „crapymRa fioaia*, Ka-
pHJJHXa.
— 9to y Tetfa, «ÍBKa, „r.aa30Baa a , — roBopeja OHa, oópamaacB
kb JJoMfffc. — Tu He 6oftcfi, 9to ÓpioxoMX y bc&xi forcaerB. BpeMa
yaw> TaKoe, *ito jhxoJI iuas* ciMBHŠe (Jepera.
— BipHO, ÓaymKa. npaB^a TBoa! — noAXBaTeaa Ahbcbh. —
Bon h y MeHfl 6uso dmo, Eor^a a HeTamEoft (fena ÓpioxaTa! A
cb *ero? H^y a r*b oManmi, a Ahiotemi noA^aa BCTpfciacB, a* h
rOBOpHTB: HTO 8TO TH, AHHCBRa, aJTB ABOftHH XOieiHB pOAHTB, pOC"
nepio Te6a Ras* cbhhbio cynopocyio?.. Taai MeHfl ob bhthxi cjiobi,
h npocrpkaHJio...
Onyxmaa, nosejrrfjBmaa AoMHa oiymaJia Bce bto, h b% ea
rasaxi cbíthjhcb rocaa h crpaxi, xaai hto Mhtpík) CTaao ee
saiB, e ohi He pinmjica beihojihhtb CBoeft yrposti, noctinaTB 6a-
óymirf* Khphjijihxí cojh Ha xboctb. Ho KOi\a,a RHpHJMHxa ynuia,
ohx qyTB He co caiesaMH crajrB yiioiaTB ^OMHy He cjymaTB (íafo,
a BorAa npHAera BpeMa — otipaTHTBca kb aRymepai. K*b yAHBjeHÍH)
ero hh ^OMHa, hh Ahhcbh HH?ero He Bospasajia, HanporaBx, cmh-
penHO c?h HHifB corjiaraaJHCB, h Mmioxa ycnoROHJca. „Bhaho, He
noMorja Repaiurfixa-To!* — AyMajrB oh-b. — O^Haao bhhuo Bce uHa^e,
hímx ohi npeAHOJiarajix.
9to óhjo bx HoaÓpi, kb caMyio HeBHjasHya) rpaaB h pacny-
THny. HBaHy BApyra noHaAOÓHJOCt bsatb y ma, atHBmaro bt> co-
cixHeifB cejrfe, Baayio-TO OBíHHy, h Mhttoxí bcjího 6ujo 3anpa?B
JomaftB h ixaTB r-b sath). Menoxa noixairB, saify^H^ .loma^b,
cairB ?yTB He yTOHyjrB, a& h obtohh y saia HHBaaoft ho oaaaa-
jocb, a Borxa ohx BepHyjica, Bce yae 6hjo kohhoho. ^OMHa H3My-
qeeHaa, ÓJ^AHaa, aaRi CMepTB, jieawua Ha npHMoerh, obojio Hea
hto-to nno^ajio h BOpo^uocB vb jij6jLeuoiáT> HOjyniyCKi, a y ne?H
(5a6yniBa-KHpHMHxa tto-to nojiocaajia kb kopejtí.
— A, botb h MaTioxa! — Berpirajia Mffrpia AHHCBa oco5eH-
Htmx BaKHirB-TO CJiaxaHMi rojocoMi.— A míj Tyra Óesx Tetfa
ynpaBMHCB... H He qaajia He ra^ajiH... — npoxojisajia OHa, BHjaa
wa3aMH h Hsfóraa cmotpítb npaifo Ha Maxioxy.
— Ob cuhkomx nosApaMaa)! — npoóacoaa 6a6ymKa-KHpHJuraxa.
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144 BfcCTHHKB EBPOIIU.
OmejiOMJieflHEift Menoxa Tyno vu/jbn Ha aeey, Ha cuHa, Ha
Ahhcbio. Ohl noHAJTL, hto Óhjtl oÓMaHyro... h Tasí) eicy crajio
ropBso a oÓhjbo, ito ohi iyTb ae sanaaRaai. He noftxoxa kb
cuHy, oh% BEjmejn> hsx hs6h, ymejrB Ha oropo#B h, npeefeBx Ha
H8py6jreHHyH) Roaojy, norpysnaca fb MparaiM ayMH.
Ho yBH^Bi RpacHeHbBaro SAopoBeHBRaro MaaBiyraHa, óapax-
TaBmarocfl bi kophtí, ohx npHMHpHaca cb CBoeft o6hao& h oiutb
Haiaji BoeBaTb cb 6a6aifH. Ilyme Bcero oh* óoaaca, htoCu oe&
ero He oÓkopmhjih q^Mi-HaCyAB, e A*feftCTBHTe.iBHO, paši eny yw-
jiocb HaKptiTB Ahhcbk), ROTopaa nexaaa kb pothkb peóeHKy RaRyio-
to c&pyro aBaiRy. Oht> pascBnptntjii, bhpbm-b petieHsa hsi pyKt
Ahhcbh h noAHfljTB TaKoft myirB, vro jaae xpatfpaa Ahhcba Hcny-
rsuacB.
— A py BacB JVb aaay! — CRaaaaa OHa. — Hmx ae aoťípa xo-
*emB, a ohh... #a naeBaTB mh4 Ha Bací!..
HicKOJibKO AHeft OHa He noaxofleja r-b peÓeHRy, ho eaitOHeijT*
He BHTepirfejia h nocoBfcroBajia ^omhí ropmhtb cuHa wopBROft.
— íero Ha Hero raatfiiTB-TOl — roBopema ona. — He noMHpan,
ae petfeHKy? Mojoro-mojioro... mih b*b hcmi, b* mojiok*-to? Hh-
RaRoft chtocth Hfrry, — • o^Ha BO*a. Tej boto noraa/pi Ha mohxx-
to, — Bet Ha Kam* Btipocan, a ihcto Haaimie. Mhoh) MHTBsa
TBOfi CMMCJiarB! — Ahhcbji, roBopa bto, nosaÓbua, tto yae abohxt.
OHa CHecjra Ha norocn. ^ouHa nocaymaaacB h Hanáka kopmhtb
MajiiOTRy TK>pBRofi HBi oRaMeHiauxi ÓapaHORi. OrB OTOft TK>pbRH
y MajBqHKa BecB pothkb noRptuica njiiceHbio, a aHBOTHKi Hanaao
CyqHTB, H OHT> Ha KpUKB KpH^a.l-L J[fiEb H HOW H CyiHJl HOSRaiIH.
— íto bto TaKoe cb hhmx? — cnpaniHBajii Mnipift, cb yaa-
comt> rja^a Ha Ófeitia ryóíi petfeHRa.
— A 3to ohi» „ufi&Terb u \ — odxacHHaa AmiCBa. — 9to y hhxi
Bcer^a ÓiiBaerb...
Ho MHTioxa ncnyraaca h nofitaaji kb y?HTeaio. Y^HTejbrna
aaaa eiiy aeRapcrBO, Beakia leme ^epaaTB peGeHRa, a waBHoe —
hhhími He ropmhtb, RpoM* MOJORa. Otx jeRapCTBa njiiceHb npo-
maa, ho íkhbothki* npoxoaaajcB óojiítb, h 3AopoBbift npeaje Man-
qHRi Ha^aai xnp^TB He no ahami., a no qacairB. Ero nocToaHHo
pBaao; aaBOTi craai orpoMHuft, a pyHRH h hojkkh TOHeHBRia, Rasi
ayiHHRH, h caiťB ohi BecB CTaai RaR*B bocroboS. Mnuoxa He
shwb, míb A&^aTB, a& h 6a6ii HcnyraaHCB.
— 3to y Hero „cyxaa ctíhb",— pímnaa AHHCBa. — Haflo 6a-
6ymRy-RnpHaaBxy nosBaTB...
^BaaacB 6a6ymRa-RepHaaHxa h, ocmotp^bi peťíeHKa, noxTBep-
AHaa AiarHOsi Ahhcbh.
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i
l
MHTIOX A — y TOTEJB. 145
— Botl jeHHJH-je^HJiH, ab h xaseHHjfi! — HpoHHqecKH csapaja
oaa, HaMeKaa Ha yHHTejBmHHii jiesapcTBa. — Kasin Tyn, jiesapcTBa!
Ero nepeneKaTb hbaotb!
Hctohmh sapso ne%, Bára a« xji46obt», hocbahjih peÓeHsa
Ha .ionaTy h Haiaja ero „nepeneBBTB*. Mirrpift sacTBJFB yate tojbko
soHeip> 9Toft onepaipn, Bor^a nojyMepTBaro on HecrepneMOft sápu
peÓeHxa butbcbhbbjih o6paiHO h» nera. 9to apfoame tbbi ero
nopasuio, tto Ohi xase ocrojÓeHÍurL h jojm He nora BHMOJBHTb
HH CJOBa.
— íto oto bii Akiaere?.. 3ari3M% oto? — npoiisflecB oh* hb-
BOHeira, ejie Boponaa nofóur&BmiiMH ryÓaMH e Aposa bbbi jraxopaABi.
— A oto mu ero nepenesaeiix... — HerBepAO BhiMOJBBja Aomhb. —
EaÓymBa-KflpHJMHxa Bejftia...
EaÓu 6uja Hcnyrara h sabjih 6ypa. Ho Maipifl He CBaaajL
hh CJOBa, tojbko M9JLBJ jvb pysoft h Bumej*. „Hanero, bhaho, He
noi&naemb!" — ptmej* ohi.
Mbjibhbbi BCKopi yMepi, h ero CHecin hb norom. UocjA ero
CMepTH Mbtíoxb Bnaji. bb anariio, hh bo hto Óojbrae He BirtmH-
Bajca, a ci seHOH) cowbu% nepeerajx pasroBapaBaTB. Ohb eMy
onpoTHB&ia.
MeSAy rfUTB H JI,OMHa HBHBJía HTO-TO npHXBBpilBBTB. OhB OCy-
Hyiacb, nocrap&ia jítl hb hatb h ho míjy es noraja sejmi*
MTea. IIpesHAB Becejocrt ea ac^esja, a cbbpjhboctb yBeJHiHjacb.
Ohb hoctohhho Óprossajia, saJOBajacb hb noacBumy h cnua era,e
atHHBie h HepanuHirhe. BaÓyniBa-KHpHjjHxa híckojlko páro „npa-
bub" eft aeBOTL, ho oto He noMoiuao, a BTopue poftu Óhjhi y
Hen TBBie TpyjHBie, hto AB&e „6o»bh crapymBa a HHiero He Morja
nox&iaTB h cbmb hocobítobub H08BBTB 8eMCByH) aBymepsy. 3to
6hio TBseJioe Bpeiia bt» aomí JBhjbhhxi*; bc* npiyHUJH, Ahhcbb
3a(5ejacb sa newy h He hoabbbjib rojoca, ABase xoxoTyHi>-Knpioxa
mmíjl yÓHTuft BERb h xo^hj* bbbi vb BOAy onymeHHuft.
Korja npiixaja aBymepsa, a* He oahb, a Biri&crfe cb aobto-
poirL, ÓaóyniBa-KHpejJHxa tbbb pacrepaJiacB, hto y Hea jame
pysH TpacjHCb, h Ahhcbb, Ha6jnoAaBmaa sa Heft hsb-sb newa, cpasy
norepaaa wb Heft yBasseme. BnpoieMi h Ha AOBTOpa ci BBymep-
KOft OHB rMA*JB HeAOBtpWBO H BHA*, BBBl OHH pBCnOpflSaiOTCB
w> H86t, pacBJíaAUBBiorB saBÍe-TO amaKH, ÓyTHJKH h nospaKH-
wm> Ha KnpHjjHxy, AyMaja npo ce6a: .TocnoAH!.. CpaiiOTa-To!
GpoAy HHHero TBBoro He 6ujo, a TenepB bohi htí)"... H eft ABse
aocmho 6ujo hb A 0MH y> KOTopaa 6iua npHqHHoft Bceft BToft 9 cpa-
MOTU*, B8AyMBBX pOAHTB 9 He HO-JK>ACBH a .
JI,omh4 nperajocb a&*btb onepaipK). Onepai^B 6ujb TpyAHaa
Tom IV.- lnu, 1896. 10
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146 BftOTHHBfr EBPOHLJ.
a MyqaTe.iBHaji h am poseHHitfj, h wa flOBTopa. Bcio ho% bx
hs6í JKhjiiihuxi ropftďb oroet, bck) hohb Bt nenn kb ni jih qyryHEi
CL Boaoft, h paarepaHHaa KupHJuiHxa MHBa.aacB hb-b yrja b-b yrora,
Basi yropkiiaa. OHa noiepajia bcio cboio BejnanaBOCTb, h8*b pyRi>
y H6fl BCe BaJHJOCB, H flOBTOp* Bl BOHIffe BOHIJOBT* HpHHySAeffB
Čuji OTBadaTBCfl on ea ycjiyrt. Ee saMÍHBjía HeBOiiaBHa h osa-
sajiacB TaKoft pacroponHofi b a^obetoS HOMomHBijefi, tohho caiia
bíki> 6u.ua b^ Óafaaxx, A Amcba npoflOJisajia chaítb sa ne^Koft
b, npHCjymHBaflCb b* croHaMi ^omhh, Ayiiajia: „rocnofla, crpacTH-xo
saRia! H qero ysi ohh ee iiyqaiorb,— Bce paBHO noMperb... Ysx
kojb „ijapcBia Bpaia tf He pa3p4mBJiH, Tasí qero ysi Tyra... He-
<50CB, H petfeHOBl-TO A&BHO MepTBiift tt .
Ho onepaijia KOH^BJíacb (faaronojiyMHO, a Kb yTpy ÁHHCba yoiu-
majia ciaóufi aítckíB kphk-l. 3to ee xast nopasajio, hto OHa bh-
nojsjía H3x-3a nena h noxonuia kt> ^omhI*. ^OMHa yBH;yfejia ee h
ciaóo yjHĎHyjiacb.
— JKaBa? — nojymonoTOBťb cnpocHJia AHHCba, h Bapyra sa-
CMÍajiacb h 3anjaBajia. Dotom 1 * kb aheowb nopuB* OHa Ópocnjacb Kt
AOKTopy, BOTopuft Muj-b y KoptiTa pyBH, cxBaTBja ero sa pysaBi
h, 3ajiHBaacB cjiesaMH, npHHadacb i$JiOBaTB eny Mosptifl jiobotb.
— 3ra OTByja Bsajiacb? — cnpocHJTb yflBBjeHHuft aobtopb. —
BoTt, Kor^a Te6a HysHO 6ejjio, HeCocs, He aBJíaaacb, a Borja Bce
CftiuaJlH, Til H BHCBOHHJa.
— rocnoABÍ.. KopMHJieriTi!.. Jifl b4ab Ba6u mu He AypaEH
Óijjih... — BOCKMijajia AaBCba.
H, 6pocHBniBCb vb aBymepffé, OHa craja h ee ijiwoBaTB, npa
newb qyTb 6ejjo He Bmna&ia y Hea asi pyra petfeHBa. „KopaiH-
jBn,a th Hama!.. AHrejrb Eosifi!" — npaHHTaja OHa, coBepmeHHo
3a6uBi>, q«ro 8Ty se caiiyK) asymepsy HexaBHO HasuBajia „norae-
B0fi a h TaoamHHi^eft tf . Bc6 <5hjhh TpoeyThi 9toě cn,eHOň, a y ^ombu
no meicaMi. BaTEiacb caesn, h ona, no^osBaBi* b*b ce64 Ahhcbio,
npomenTa.ia: „Kaóu He ohh, — noMepjna 6u tt ...
— H oneHb npocTo noMepjia 6u\ — noATBep^ejia AHHCba, yTH-
paa $apTyBoin> c&esu. flo bx 9Ty MHHyTy bsvjisxl ea ynaji> Ha
KHpHJuraxy, CMHpeHHO CHffiBrayH) bx yrojisy, h eft aaxorbjíocb KaKi>-
HHÓyflb yasBHTB ee h noBasaTB, ^ito OHa wb Heft coBepmeHHO paso-
napoBajacb.
— A th to se, 6aÓKa, cHABinb? — rpy6oBaro BpnBHyjia OHa
eft. — Hrab... pa3cbjiacb... 6aptnnHa caMa peÓeHBa Moero, a ona...
Xomb 6u homoh-to BiiHeeia!
B^AHaa KapHjiJHxa nosopHO BcraJia h npHHajiacb buhocbtb domoh.
Iloc^t BToro cflynaa 6a6u, ^a e Kapioxa Tose, Ha HÍKOTopoe
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MBTIOXA yqBTEJb. 147
I
Bpena npímxiH h ocraBHJiH Miarrpia fb noKoi. Ho 9to Óhjio He
zojro; ^OMHa CKopo nonpaBHjacb h Bce hohmo no npeaeeMy; Aase
KBpHJuiixa kebi-to ciyiriua BepHyTB ce64 npesHifi aBiopniera.
Omtb noflBHjacL cockh, SBaiRH, HaroBopeHHiifl hhtkh h npoiie
inpHÓyTu AepeBeecKOň MejHijBHij, ho Ha btotl pas* petieHOKB
croftso nepeHecs Bce h, eecMOTpa Ha KpaBua Hora h orpoMHiitt
ubotb, ocraica shtb. BnpoieirB, Mhtk>x& Tenepb (faio Bce-paBHo:
ofli Kasi-TO BAPyn ocjafóji, nepeciajn* bxoahtb bi AOMameia
jrkia h xsuťb ee&b vb OAHHoqay ci cbohmh HeonpejvfejieHBbiMB se-
JIIHÚMB H MeHTaMH, O KOTOpUXl* 8HaJTB TOJBKO OJHHX CeMefll JlaT-
BeB%. Ciyqajocb, hto AOMameie oo itfhiEiirB ahamt> He cjuxaJiH ora
aero ciOBa h, iuha* na MOjraajHBaro h pa3c£aHHaro, cb ÓJiysAatt-
npirB pacrepflHHUMX rarjiflxoirb! číma, IhaKB cb rope^bio AyMtuax,
w>, aojsho 6htb, MHTfoxa-TO ua HaKasaBie <5osie ypoAMca Ay-
pawoiix...
VIL
ÍIoccopHBfflHCb ci aeeofl h mrayBCTBOBaBi meMamjio Tocsy,
MaTpifi ptmHj^ npoflTHCb bi crapoft paBart h nocHA*Tb Tam Ha
óepesay. PiqoHsa ÓBua CBBepHaa, Bomoiaa, bch sapocraaa seaeHoft
iuiceebK); pasRTa KopaBaa, Mopm,aeHCTaa, o5jrfc&iaii, ho Mbtioxí
nsaJOCB, hto jyvne SToro irkřra h 6htb He Mosero, noTOMy hto
agto Bcerja 6euo nycro h thxo h hhkto He irfunaji cha*tb h
xynarB cbojbbo jynrfe yroAHO. A, Mosero 6htb, h Ceiiera npH<%-
zbtb... CaycnjBinHCb cb otipusa, Menoxa aarjlaHyjb CHa^aia bt>
JhrHeBCKii oropoffb}— He BBjaTb jih TOBapama. Ho vb oropcuí
6hjo nycro, toabbo noACOjeyxa BasHO noKawBajiH iuiOBaMH, rjiaAs
ea saiojamee eojtHi^e, a& BpacHiie Mase, BSAparaBaa h nepemeniu-
BaacL, coóepajHCb cnaTB. MirrpiĚ HOAOSAajnb-noAOSAaii H cnycnijica
eqe HHse, bi paserb. H bbbi tojbbo ohi ckix Ha o&iynjeHHHft,
DOBpHTHfi jHraaaMe sopeHB paBHTu, Tasí to sHaaoMoe eny, TOp-
zeereeHHoe h THxoe Hacrpoeme, Boropoe ohi tbvb latánun*, objb-
liio hitb. Bce, htó 6iuo Tam. BBepxy, — bc6 bth Mejoqeua Apasra,
ópaHB cb seHoft, BopBOTHfl oma, xosaflcTBeHHua HysAU h sa(5oTu, —
Bce 6íuo aaóuTO, ynuo ayAa-TO A&KeKO-Aaieito. 3A*cb 6uso Bce
Jtpyroe', ocoóefleoe; p^qaa KaKx-TO thxo h TaHHCTBeHHO sypqasa,
n Tpae4 paAOCTHO h ÓessaCorHO h&ih KysHeqeKH, h ^yBCTBOB&aocB
iin jerso h cboÓoaho, h mhcjh ab^ajihcb Apyria, xopomia, isaBi
10 BHCosoe CBÍTJoe ee6o, KOTopoe aasi CyATO xose AyMajio Bas-
iy» Ayvy, rjww Ha aa-raxaiomyH) seiuio. H Mhtpíd BasajrocB, hto
i p*Ba, h He6o, h paKirra AyMaiora OAHy h Ty se AyMy: saqtMx
10*
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148 BfcCTHHEB EBPOmi.
ccopHTBCfl h ÓpaHHTBCfl, Korja Ha cb£t& Tasí xopomo, sorxa cojHije
Tasoe acHoe, TpaBa Taicaa sejieHaa, h Tasí ctraBHO naxHero so-
Honjeft h ftase sasoft-TO spomeiHirt sy8HeiHKB hso Bctara cejte
crpesoiera h paAyerca...
Bípyn TpecKi Kiera* naAi roJOBOfi MHTpia Bcnyrayjt ero
miicjie h aacraBMi ero orjurayTBCfl. depeši njereHB nepejritearo
CeiieHi JlaTHeBi. 9to Óhj* beicoríS jobbíA napera cobc&itb Apy
roro raná, hími Mnipift. Bi cnyrJOMx mafi ero, kb sypqaBircB
TeMHHXX BOJOCaXl H TOHKHXt HepHOTB ÓpOBflZl ŮUJLO HTO-TO ipi-
raHCKoe, noABHHHoe, ÓesnoBofiHoe; Heóojbmie qepHue oasa cmo-
tp&ie TBep^o, ptmeTejiBHo h canoyB&peHHO; tohbíh hosape Tasí h
HrpajH. A MiTioxa 6ujn> npEseMEcraft, HecsjaAHtifi, ci HeysfepeH-
HKIMH XBBSeHÍlIMH, Cb AJHHHHMH pySaifE, 60JTaBHIEMflCfl sasi-TO
apa; bojocu y Hero 6um c&piie, jumo cfcpoe, Óojbmie oasa pacie-
pflHHO ÓjyasAaxH no croponairB; iipsTom owb em&tb npHBiHsy no-
ctoahho oTSpuBaTB pora, itď npHAaBaio eiiy rjynoBaujft bba* h
A^ficTBHTejBHO jtaajio hoxo&hicb Ha Aypaqsa.
MHTpift, Bduumyra Ha npiaieaa, ceflqaci* se sair&THJB, oto
ohi He fb Ayx*. HaAi> Ópobame Mopnuraa, hobape npuraiOTi h
ryte CKpHBHJHCB Ha npaByio cropoHy.
— IIoBypHTB ecTB? — OTptiBHCTO cnpocBJí ohi, pacnojaraacb
Ha »HBorh y hofb MHTpia.
— ECTB, — OTBŠHÉUl MHTpiĚ E HOCirfcfflHO BHT&HyJl HKB Bap-
MaHa nojiHHfljraft CHineBuft REcera, cnramň ^omhoA enje bi nep-
Bblfi rOA* BXX CBaABÓH.
IIpiaTejH mojto cA&iajiE ceófc spmeroE e sasypEiE.
— OflflTB nopyruca! — csasajrB Ceiferob nocjfc naTofl massE.
— Ilopyrajica? — EcnyraBHO cnpocHn MHTpift.
— #a sara se! — pasApasHTejBHO Haiaji CeiieffB, nepeBepni-
bucb e caAflCB Ha 8eMJH> šasi arbAyOTB. — Bce ApaTBca KejaeTca!
Hy ysx Óvurh 6u ueuz, hto m (Aa a eme He AaMca! — bchibeji oht»
MesAy npoMirB), a to Ha MaTB jritoero! H Tasí ysi OHa eae sBBa
xoaetb ; xpHHETi, KaniJfleTB, a Ohi Ha Hee CB 06p0TBH>... Hy yasi,
roBopio, hí-í-tl!.. BsajB otipoTB, aa b saKHHyjrL ee Ha capat.
Bon Te6i, roBopio, hto!.. Pacnajiuca crpacTB. BecB Tpacerca...
— Hhib tu! — coqyBCTBeHHO BOCKJHKHyjL Mflnoxa h B3A0XHyjx.
— ^a em,e hto aarayji, — npoAOxsaJTB Ceuewb, h heshei
ryóa y Hero aaTpacjacb, htí) 6ujo npESHasoifB spaftHett creneen
HepBHaro BOSÓyasAeHia. — Ysi a, roBopen, Bunopio Teťía kb bo-
jocthoitb... HOAoasAH! „BBinopio^!.. A?
Ohi B8rjiflHyji HBiiann^HMH rjaaaMH na Maipia EAase bcko-
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MHTÍ0XA yqHTEJIb. 149
tojtb Ha Hoře. Pyra h iueqH y Hero Aposa^H, MycKyju JiHija xoahjh
XOXyHOlTL.
— H-Hy... — npoTflHyjrL Maipifl h, noitojraaBi, xotíaBHJTB ycno-
BOHTejbHO. — 3pH Óojnaero... Ce<5a tojibbo Tinrara! Henrro (JyayrB
bi boxocthokb hh sa vro xpaTB?
— #a yaKB nonpotiyft tojibbo! — ycaoBOHBaacB •ras'* se ÓucTpo,
lan bckhq&ii, CBasajix Geuen* h ohatb ciurB.— Hy-aa, aaft-Ba
enje TaťSawy-ro,..
OffB CAJuajrb ce6i hobhB BpioqeKx h crajFB ycajieHHO saTara-
ttTbca, MpanHO rjww Ha rojyfoie ctojÓh Auna, noxHHMaBmieca
xsepxy h TaaBinie b* Bosxyxi.
— A a, Óparo... Tose! — yHuuo nporoBOpHra MaTpift. — JBeaa
oiuiTb... RfcflB 9AaBan sjíii/ina! Oaho tojibbo cjiobo h csasajii ež,
a OHa h noiajia, h noqaaa... H He pa^B 6hjtb... Yat, saseTca,
i to noj*y, sast aapfeaHHuft, a hmt, Bce Heftuerca. CiutoB hh-
KaKfCCL HÍTy!
— Hy ysx cb seHOfi-TO a 6h He nocMOTp&ra! — yrprono npo-
roBopajL GeneHi.
— A Bára se?
— HSBOJOIHJTB 6ti, A& H BCe. jRhBO Ó£I y MeHfl ycMHpajacB.
— HHy... — Hep4mHTejftHO nporoBopHJTB MaTpift. — Hsbojiohhjtl
6h!.. íero ci Heft bbatl? Ba6a... *
— A 6a(Ja, Taai h vojtch... 9x*b, MuTBBa! — cb čepcem boc-
xiHKHyxB CeMeHt. — Poaa tu, noiuasyl Kaní ÓapaHa Te6a se-
sun, ja h 6a6a eme noMHBaera! TeprrfjTt He ik>6jh) Te6a sa oto
xiio!
— Posa? Th roBOpHiHB, — posa? H4tb, hocto&L — ropaio saro-
BopejB MeTpift h ocraHOBHjicfl, Bani Bcer.ua BaTpyxraacB cpasy bbj-
csasaTB BOJHOBaBmifl ero mucjh. Ohi h csLWb yflHBJraJca He paši,
oraero bto kb roaoB* y Hero Bce Taax xopomo h CBJía^HO bhxoahtb,
a můra Haraero roBopnrB um iracaTB — lopro 3Haera, ht& nojry-
Haerca, xase cobíctho. CeiienB CMOTpfcrB Ha Hero cepxaTO h m-
arĎmjHBO.
— Poaa h ecTB! — hobtophjtb ohi. — Ob 6a6oft He cnpaBHTca,
saxoft se th ecTB MysHB*!..
— HferB, noroAH, noroae! — npoAOJisajrc MHTpift, MyqBTejLHO
Boxflyact h Hanparaíícb, vrofoi noftiiaTB ycBOJBSHyBniyK) mucib. —
Easi TaBX posa? 3to, snaqerx, no TBoeiiy, qy*n» qw, ByjiaBOMi?
A eseJH a He xoqy? Mohxt. npaBH.ix Ha bto HiTy? íejOBfeKi, —
xypa^B, noHHMaTB ho Mosero, a a ero B^pyn ByjaBOirB 3a !
ppasi!.. Xopomo, no TBoeMy &to, a?
— Xopomo, He xopomo, a He npHcraBaft.
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1 50 BftCTHHKB EBPOmi.
— docroft, nocroft, CeHfl! Hsbojowtb — hto! MsBOJOiHTb He
Aoaro, h oieHb Aaase npocTO mosho! A misy-TO hto? Hy, a
TpecHy ee... Hy, oto se? OpHÓaBHTCfl y Heft yiia, hto jh, on 9Toro,
a? Kára no TBoeiiy?
— A rayrB ee SHaerb! £L mraeiťb 8Haio.
— To-to h oho-to!.. Rfrrb, Ópan... Bohi Tetfa oreifb no-
poTb xoiera, ra tto se nocjrfc 9Toro 6yAemb? YcMapanibca, aft
hítb?
CeMeffB MOjqajit. A Maraxa, vb nopuBft BHesanHaro baoxho-
BeHifl h noftMaBi, HaKoeen,*, HysHyK) eny mucib, npoAOJisajrb:
— 3xi, CeHfl!.. Biftb SHBeMi-To mh met*, ajbTu He sHaemb?
TeMHO y Hact... óíabo... noAaTBCfl Hesy^a... Tlero mu sHaeiii?
íero mu BHAaJB? 3apujacb bi HaBOffb, Aa h chahmi, h AOXHyra
HeKor^a. 3a hto se tu hxi 6htl-to 6yAemb? a? Tu botl noiuiflAH.
boto pirana, CRasem, (ftsaro... Tawb bía* wh Heft OAHa Rania,
Mosero, wb Tun^y pasoBi Óojbine Hamero nepeBHAaiia, a y Hacó
Bce oaho, Aa oaho... H Tůmy jiívl Óujio oaho, m em,e, nošen,,
Tůmy jiítl CyAerb Tose caMoe. A Rama-TO Bce (Hureto, Aa 64-
shtl... h ao MOpa OHa ao64shtl, a ku Bce ÓyAeirb bi CBoeira
aaBOst CHA*Tb. OAypbemb bíja*, CeHfl, a? H 6yAemb tu h ApaTbca,
h pyraTbCH, h BOARy naTb otb tocbh, h qopTy RaRony-HHÓyJib jm-
coiiy KjaHflTbca, a a Te6a sa sto npHAy, Aa bi MopAy Ry-sasoM*...
Tasí, yto Jib? [IocTaBHjit cHHflsi, h npasi?
Ceneffb onflTb Haqero He OTBJra&ra. MHTioxa ero npoHflďb; sas-
Aoe cjobo TOBapnma (Jmo ero no cepAijy cjíobho mojotboicb, h,
yTBHyBHIHCb JIHIJOlťb Bl» 3eMJK), CeMeHl qyBCTBOBaJTb, Basi OTL
cepAi^a h ao caiiaro rop.ia noAUMaeTCfl y Hero hto-to ropaqee, u
ssera, h AyniHTb. A Manoxa, ycTaBHBmacb noBpacfffcBinaMH He-
noABHSHUMti rjcasaMn bt» npocrpaHCTBO, npoAOisajrb AposaniBBrb
otb BOJHeHia rojiocoifB:
, — 9to a Teót npo MysasoBi Bce csasuBaro... a 6a6u-TO?
Hiix eme Tonrafce Hamero. MysHra Bce tbbh h xyxa, h cK>Aa, h
bi» BOJiocTb xoAHTb, h vb saóaBi, a Ha sapaÓOTBH ohi... a 6a6a
tfesnepeTO AOMa. ?to eft? Omy^a yna-TO HaÓpaTbca? IIor.iflAH-Ba...
KopuTa, Aa roprasa, Aa RBamHfl... a& MysHRi CBoft se npHAera
nbflHuft, ajb TaRfc, co aia, ABEHen RyjiaTOn^eiii... rA* hh noaaAfl,
cjíobho JiomaAb OHa... P*a»o rto He ÓbeTca-ro... a to bcí. Ha
qTO ÍHJiHnni boht>, - Ao6epi>, Ao6ept, a rose BHAajvb a, BaK^ ohi.
CBOH) 8a ROCU BOJOlHJTb. Hy Ra-Cb, ^TO, XOpomO Óa64-TO 9TO?
Aib xoinb 6u h tboh) MaTb BSATb, — OTiero OHa Tasaa? MHoro Jb
eft roAOB-b-TO, a y Heft a roJiOBa TpflceTCfl, h corHyjacb bca... botb
oho, da6be-TO sarbe! „Aoja tu, AOJioniKa pyccaafl, seHCBaa,
Digitized by_
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MHTÍOXA — y^BTEJb. 151
spaji jh rpyAfffee cucsaTb"! — apo^eiuaMepoBaii owl BApyra, h
ca» pacrpeBOseHHuft co6cTBeeHLiuH aoBaMB h npameAniBMa Ha
uanaTb crHxaMH HexpacoBa BaMOjraaorB.
Rpyrora Ómjio Bce Taxi se thxo, h TeMHiiomee Heóo TaRt se
TopsecTBeHHO AyMajio cbok> Baseyio AyMy. CojHi^e a&bho c6jo;
3apa Aoroptia a noTyxaa. Piqsa HeBBflTHO *to-to meirraja h no-
THXOBbKy Ólu&ajia Bnepe#fc, a npiaTejiH Bce cbaíjib hoa* paRirroft,
oxsaHeHHue TOCROtt, r-MAfoa, rbri crpyflRa sa CTpyfisofi npo-
6npajacb csBOSb BOHKwyio njšceeb h yxoAHja Bce AaJbme a AftAme,
Toponacb noKBHyTb poAHiie óepera.
Bjpyrb Ceněni noAH&ica h eso Bdbxx chx* y^apuji Ry*a-
son no paKHrfe. PaBHm BCTpeneHyjiacb h sacTOHaja; Marpift
BsxporHyjB h cb HCnyroMi. nocMOTpta Ha Apyra.
— H4n», Óy^en! — bumojbhjt, Ceiiefli. — y*Ay *!..
— KyAa yS^eniB-TO? — cnpocfuii MaTpift.
— KyAa rjiaaa rjaAJiTi. Aab nim Hfcry? ToJibRO <5h mhí
nainopro BunpaBHTb.
— A a to... Bani se? — ynaBtnairb rojocora bbimojbhjtb MaTpifi.
— H tu nofi^emb! Bjrtcrfc h saRaTHxcfl. A&A&, pe&m, npo-
mafi! Tojbro bu Haci h bhaíjjih... 3-h-hxi!
Ohi rHEeyji), npoHSHTejibHO sacBHCTajrb h, cxBaTOBi orpoMnufi
bom* cyxofi 36MJIH, H80 Bctxx cbjit, Banycrani ero Bl pÍKy. B*B
boa* *to-to axHyjo, MHpHUfl jarymRH bt> acnyri nocunajecb &h
pircsy, njrbceHb sasojiuxajiacb h paBCTynejracb bo bcí ctopohu.
— Bo BaKi, ! — Bečelo CBaaajn> CeMera h oÓepHyjcfl k-b
npúíTejK).— Hy... a tu nero MOjqamb?
— H&to... mhí Hejb3fl yftTH... — npomenTajrb MaTpifi. — Kára
2 yiAy— cara TpeTefi... KyAa seHa-TO Aifleica? A ohh-to?..
Oreiji... a itaTb, asaJiRO... h... Hfrrb ysil..
Ohi 6esHaxesHO MaxHyjx pyRoft, saMOjraaji, a cKopqHBraacb,
crajb ruA^Tb Ha pfey, Roropaa Bce fósajia Bnepe^i h HamenTu-
Baja TBXOHbRO O TOMl, KaKb CRyiHO H TÍCEO eft 8flfcCb, a xasi
xopomo TaMi», ^aJieso, r^t mapoKo a bojibho pacKaeyjiacb sejeHaa
crenb, rxh ryaaiorb Ha npocropi Ďyp^HBua, chhíh bojhu.
VHL
A y Aomhh, MesAy tím, Tose oujib cboh BOJHeHia a Tpe-
Bora. Ee AftBHO yae 6esnoROHJia xo.ioahocts r-b Heft Myaa - /vno
HHRasi He Morja BsuTb wb tojuri, OT^ero sto npoacxoAarb?
6a6bHin> noHATiaMi, OHa 6u.ia 6a6a xoTb Ry^a, He xyse ji
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152 BfcCTHHKB EBPOBbl.
h CBoe 6a6be a&io ncnojiHflja šasi aojisho. PaÓOTaTb-paÓOT&ia,
yit&ia h xj£6u ncneHB, h me CBapHTB, h npaja, h TBaja, h a*-
Tefi posaja, — nero se enje HysHO? Y bcíjxi Taní, a bía* sh-
Byrb se Apyria 6a6u kb jraxy cb MysBflMH. Boh-b KapHJux cb
AHHCsefi, — h seHara a&bho, h aíth y hhxx yse Óojbrnia, a ao
chxi nopi xynia bi xyvy suByrB: HHoft paši noAHHMyra MesAy
coóoie TanyH) boshk> h rpoxoTHK), xotb cbhtnxi bofb bhhoch, to<iho
MOJiOAeHBBie. Oraero se y hwb cb Mhtbbo& dToro h4tb? Owero
MHTBBa HAOJOITB Ha Hee CMOTpHTB, — Hff HOmyTHTB, HH HOCMteTCfl,
hb noAO&AeTB b*b Heft HHKoraa, cjiobho OHa eiiy h He seHa, a
AepeBO saBoe-HHÓyxB? #a xotb (Sh MysHBi-TO 6íJjn> HacTOamifi, a
to rjyuift saBofl-TO, nycroft, — „wraTeJB*, Háji botopbiitb boxoa*
bcí cmííotca, Basi ma* xypaiBOirB, h KOToparo OTeijx cb yTpa
AO hohh 6paHHTB sa jíhb h poTO3ÍftcTB0. H BApyrB 9T0TB jeAanvft
My»HqeeKO, BOTopuft, no BacToameMy, AOisewB 6u iv6hhtb Tasyio
seHy, Basi ^oifHa, He o6pam,aerL Ha Hee HHBasoro BHimaHia,
Ayerca, mojtotb, a ecM h saroBopiro, to Bce noopesaMH, a& yno-
paMH... oÓbabo ólijio 9to ^omhí! A TyrB eme h cocíabh crara
noroBapHBaTb, a& saróTB, a* HOBaiHBaTB rojiOBaiiH,— *to bto, #011-
BymRa, a*B y Bací cb Mysem-TO BejajHO?.. aiB, AoMHynrca,
Mysi-TO Te6a He jioÓhtb?.. Cjymaa bth HaiteBH, A 0UBa MyiBJíacb
h 3JHJiacB; xocaAHO h saBHAHO Óu&o eft tjjia^tb Ha lysoe crocTBe;
8jo 6pa.no na cocíaokb, Ha MeTBBy-AypaBa, Ha cboio Hec?acTflyio
Aoaio, a npHAyMaTB HH?ero osa ne Morjia, a* h AyMaxb He yirfcja...
H botb vl OAfly H3i ocoÓeHHO ropBBHxi MHByrb, Borxa Knpioxa
npHBesi H3i ropoxa Abhclí Byifaiy Ha capa^aai., h Ahhcba npn-
ftbs&ia bi ^ombí bi bjiítb noxBacraTBCfl HOAapBOMi, ^omhí npn-
hmo bi rojiOBy, hto h BnpaBAy, aojisho 6utb, Maipifl ee He jio-
6htl... a bojh He jk>6hti,, Tasí saBipBoe y aero „BaRaa-BHÓyAb*
ecTB... PeBHOCTB h 8JOCTb sanujaJiH vb yasBjíeHHOirB cepAi^b .íomhbi;
OHa npHBfljacb noAdfaTpHBaTB sa MuTioxoft, nepeópajia bcíxi Ae-
peBeHCBHXi CaC* h a*boki» h A&se BBiciiAHJa MeTpk, KorAa ohx
xoahjii hoai paKBTy. Ho BBrAi HH^rero HOAOspHTejBHaro OHa He
Ha biji a; hoai paBHToft Mmioxa tojbbo h A^ajx, hto Jiesajii Ha
SHBOT&, Aa TJUiKhjn* nero-TO bi BOAy; hh cb kím-b Hra aíbok* h
6a6i oco(5eBBO He Chjtb jacKOB%, HanpoTHBi, Aase HsfóraJii bxx;
bi> rocra HHByAa He xoahjii, tojibbo pasBi safitsHTB kt> cocfe^y
ÝBJHBBy, seH-fe KOToparo, Abbí, yse a^bho sa copoBi nepeBaJuo.
HeCMOTpa Ha bto, ,3,0MBa He yHfljracB h npoAOisaja AOHCKHBaTLca
npHWHBi oxjasAeHifl kt> Heft Mysa. H BApyrB ee ocíhhjo... sa-
qÍMT» MBnoxa t»bx qacro bx msojy 6iraerb? Kbbjbkb-to bhhs-
KaMH, a& b*ai> He oabí se bhhsbh... H He AapoifL MHTpift npn
Digitized by
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MHTH)XA — yqHTKJb. 1 53
e&sao& ccopi yinrejikmeft ee noopenaerB... YqHTeJiBma h Tasas,
■ cákají, y yraT&ibniB qeeroTa, yqHTeJbma CJOBa rpy6aro He CKa-
aen, a OHa, ^oiraa, h Hepaxa, h JÍBTfl&Ka, h jaera hoxoa*-
dTH nonpeKH h paHbme oseHb oÓHsajra AoifHy, h Ofla saowo bos*
HesaBHA&ia yHHTejbmy; Tenepb ase, Korja 0Ba AOAyMajacB ao tow>,
tto y MflTpúi Cb yHHTeJbmeft HejaAHo, sasR^aa Maio?B nojyqaaa
au Hea ocotieHHui cmucjl h sHaneme. Ob saTaeHHOft 3.io<5oň OHa
sairfrrauia, tto MtíTpifi, OTnpaBJíaflCb Fb niKOjy, HenpeirbHHO Baat-
b&i*b ucTyK) pytiaxy h npiraecuBajrb boj octi; sairimixa xasse, to>
B03BpamaJca oex orTyw Becerafi, a OAHasAti bi n,epKBH ^oitHa
n yxacy CBoeMy yBHAfoa, tto Mropift nosAopoBUCfl cb yiHTeJB-
mefi 3a py*y. 3to oÓCTOflTejbCTBO no^eiiy-To ocotfeHHo yTBepAMO
Rouny bi ea noAOspliHiaxi, h OHa piraaja bo mto 6u to hh chuio
BUBecra Bce A*Jio Ha CBfesyio BOAy, „HaRpuTb" h ocpamiTb, a noaa
Mojna ajHjiacb h BHMemaja sjoctb Ha ropmican h yxBaiaxx. Ho
Tepntaifl e* He XBarajio HaAOJro; npa nepBOft se cruqKi cb My-
sem OHa He Btijepsaja, npopBfuacb h bhjoshjm Bce, htí) BaKH-
nfcio he Aynrfe. A RorAa Mirrioxa bmícto Tóro, htoÓii onpaBAti-
BaTbca h sam.HmaTbca, njioByjii* h ym&re, A° UH * noqyBCTBOBajia
ceťífl coBciirb noBHHyroft h rjyÓOKO HecqacTBofi. Bi crpamHOM*
AymeBHOirb pascrpoftcTB^ OHa Hcnopraxa xj$6u, nepetiua h4-
ckojbko ropnraoBi, orracRaia sa bojocu cuHBmRy, nopyrouiacB cb
ÁracBefi, HaKOHe^, sanepjiacB bt, kjíth h ciuia bo Becb rojiocB
BSTb.
3to 6uao lepes* h&cko.ibko AHeft nocrá hxi noorikAHefi ccopu
cb MnTpieMx. Bce 8TO BpeMa MHTpift npoBOAHXb b*b hojí h no-
TOMy He 3Hajn», mb A^aerca cb xeHofi, a o ccopft CBoeft ciHero
coBepmeHHO saóujb. Haqero He noAOspiBaa, ohi BOSBpamajica ao-
Moft; Ha Aynrb y Hero 61110 xopomo h Bečelo; jhoÓhmciíb— íajuft
Toase 6bUb Becera e (Hunaji TopomiBBOio pucijoft; AeHb Óhm
CBtTJUft, HO He SapKÍft. MHTpift BOOÓme JK^HJťb ÓUBaTB B% DOJÍ,
jioÓhjb HOjeBiia pa6oTu, nojieByH) samy *ci ahmkomx, Beceaufi
juistb Kocb, Becejiuft myirb TpaBbi h xjlíÓovl; ohi jk)6hjtb h po-
eacniH hohh bi hojiíi, h cnaHBe hoa*b Tejrferofl, h ÓpoAfl^ie TyMaBBI
do OBparairb, h pasaHBe JomaAeft, h yTpeHHifi npoHH3UBaiomi& xo-
joaoki, h yTpeHHee irteie saBopoHKOBx... Bce bto B036yacAaJio bi
Heirb saKoe-io oco<5eHHoe Hacrpoeflie, ocotfeHHoe, aaxBaTbiBaion^ee
qyBCTBO npocropa, cbo^oabi; b% Aym* BcnuxBBajH neacHua, ho
cjaABÚi omyineBia: BnepeAH Mepen^HJiocB hto-to CBfrrjiroe, orpoMHoe;
BcnoMUHaiHCb cthxh HeBpacoBa, Kojbi^OBa, TypreseBcm ^ŠanecRH
OxoTHHKa*; xor&iocB Kyaa-TO TyAa, wb Apyryio shshb, Taici xo-
pomo omicaHHyK) 9thmh nooTaitH, h bi to »e BpeMa RasaiocB, ^to
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1 54 BfcCTHHBl EBPOHU.
yae h cain> ataiit KorAa-TO „Tam" a bm&ct£ cb hbmb AyMaJit,
TjrBCTBOBaJTB, BEfljhJll...
— 3xt>, tu, crenb Moa, ereab mBpoKaa!.. — AeRJiaMapoBajrb
MuTioxa, sasMypuBinHCb, h eMy nyABJíocb, qro sto ohi caMi> — ROJb-
iíobckíí *Kocapb, ito y Hero „iuieqo— inepe A*AOBa a , *to pycu
RyApa ero— ,Jieaumb cro6rok)% h bt> jibijo eMy Ayerb BOJbuuĎ
denHofl B^Tept, a ijBtou eity RjaHaiOTca ao 3eMJiH, h AOóuBaerc*
OHI CBoefi Bocrpoň Rocott so.ioTyio Ra3Hy a** HeBt^OMoň RpacaBHiju-
AÍbbijh... Tnpy!.. ^ajiuň ocTaHOBBdca y Boporb, h Maxioxa oiflyjica.
OreoB Byxa-To ynua, ac«ie3Jia, nepe^ rjiasaMH pacTpenaHHaa rHtuaa
Kpuma; Ha aaBajiHHKt poiOTca b% 3eMjrfj rpa3Hue nysame pe6a-
TBHIRB, H MflTíOXBffb TyTb ffie Cb CBOBMB RpBBUMB HOSRaMB H
6ojbrao6 rojiOBOft, a cam. Maroxa y&e He Rocapb, noaiBnecsift
RpacHBufi, cb syApjiMB h pyiiaBijeirb bi bba& ajoň 3opa, a upocro
Mnxfoxa, pacrpenaeHbifi, bx rpasHOft py6axi, nponoriBineň Ha-
CKBOSb, Kb pBaHLixt jianTjaxi», bi> sacajieHHoft raanR*. „dsa, Ky^a
3a$xajrb"! — noAyMajn> Maipitt, h eiiy caMOMy dajio cm^hiho mat*
co6oh) b HeMHOSRO rpycTHO. KpuBOHorift chhbdikIsí, yBBAa^i ero h
eb kphkomx: „TflHbKa, TflHbKa* ! BaROBUMM Bi Heiiy Ha BCTpiray,
ho saiffenaiíca Hora o6t Hory h y na jíl. Maxioxa no/iun ero, npa-
jiacsajii h onflTb noca^H^t Ha saBaMHRy, hotomx oraparo tfojaro,
nocTaBBJKi ero hoa* naBfccb h Bomejn* bx asóy.
— Hy, sapaBCTByfiTe! — CRasaa* oob Bečeno. — noicrb hít* au
?ero?
ÁHHCbfl, cyMparaaa, saB03H.aacb y nena, rpeMfl yxBaTaMB h
šopna.
— IIoicTb, noicTb... Hetfocb, noicrb-TO BcaRifi copocarb, —
3to yacb Heóocb! A botl tu Bopoiaft, RaRi BaTop»Baa, achl-
AenbCRoft, b noMbra TeĎi Hinry. ,HbaBO.aH...
— A AoiiHa ta* ae? — cnpocajii MaTpift, orjiaAHBaacb.
— ,21a yai tbo* ^OMHa!.. IIoab, noijíuiy&ca c* Hew! Oaa
hohí y Hacb 6apuBa; ea hohí a^hb-to bt» H3Ó4 yÓBpaTbca, a oea,
Hmb tu, pas6pocajia Bce, pacKBAa^a... npuĎapaft sa Heft. SL Ha
Bací He RpínocTHaa, paóoTaTb to!..
— ^a ta* »e OHa? — hobtopbji MBTioxa, nya HeAo6poe.
— A ?yita-e-3HaTb! Bi rjiítb sajiewa, pobho MeAB$AHi{a...
Bcixi) oójiaajia, Aa em,e h Boerb. Hmb, b po6eefta-TO 6pocHja, cb
yTpa He ímhih.-
B* 8Ty MBHyTy peCeHORi ci njaneM* nepertsajii nepesi no-
port b yto-to jieneTajrb, noKa3UBaa Ha nwioBy b npoTarBBaa py-
qeHKH ki omy. y MHTpia csaiocb cepAije; ohi BsajiB peóeeKa
na pyM, AaJi*b eiiy xjitóa, h peÓeHOKi yiax^.
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MHTIOXA — YWTBOh. 155
— Mana... <5ia... cbahjch oht> ofoacHHTb. — Boha... Bo-ohu!..
Murpifl noca^BJí ero Ha JiaBRy b nomeji nocMOTpbTb, wb a*-
jaerca cl xeHott.
— Hoah, hoah, noKJiaHflftefl eft... — Bopqajia eMy bcjiía* Ahbcbh.
—O, mo&b Bací, xuibmh...
Kato* AificTBHTeJbHO 6iua npHDepia HSHyrpH, h OTTy^a cjih-
majHCb sasie-TO crpaHHue SBysn. MHTpifi nocryqajica.
— ÍOMHa, a ^OMea!
3syKH npespaiEJiHCb; Haciaja rpoOoBaa mmaHa.
— ^OMHa, tu ^to se 8to AypHrab? Ham, o6tAaTb coóapafi!
TaM'* BaBioniKa on KpHKy HaAcksca, a tu pasjesHBaembca.
Cjunmmb, hab?
Mojqame, Mffrpiň Ha?ajn> TepaTb Tepnieie.
— JIjbl tu ÓOJibHa, qTO jih? ÁJib h*ti? GnuniHinb, qTO JB?
Aoiraa!
Hh 8Bysa. MaTpift njuoHy.ra.
— A, Hy Teta... saAypBja! Kom He xoqemb roBopaTb, Tasí
h chah, a Mflt Tyw» HeRorAa cb to6oB BajiaHAaTbca.
H owb noBepayjica-6ujio yxoAHTb. Ho bi pa3C*eTu Aomhu
BOBCe He BXOABJO HOEOHqHTb A^O TaRBlTb o6pa80Mt. 3aTaHBT> au-
xame, cb 6bK>n^HMCfl cepAijeiťb, cb asoÓHoft paAOCTbio OHa osnAaJia,
hto Mffnoxa 6yAera jioamTbca bi ABepb, noAHHiierb myiťb, b yai
TorAa OHa eiiy Bce „BuraosAHrb", 3a Bce omaaTHirb. Eft xorkiocb
saA^Tb ero 3a sasoe šasi mokho tfojibH&e, aobcctb ao oiocth, ao
ocrepBefftHia, qrotiu ohi TO»e pyraaca h Rpeqajrb, htoÓh ohi
Aase noóura ee... H ycaumaBi, *to MeTpift yxoAHn, ^OMHa kbbo
6pocfljacb k% AsepaMi.
— Hy... Tu *ero? <Iero Ted* HaAOTb?— rpytfo saspamia OHa.
Mffrpiň noAAaJca Ha yAOifty h ocTaeoBHJca.
— He Aypa, botb qero! Hnib, moay RaRyw BUAyMajia? ?t6
he Te6a eaixajio? 3a tto BaHbRy nofoja? Buxoah, nofccTb coóepn.
^Bepb BApyr* HeosHAaHHO pacnaxHyaacb, qyTb ne yAapHBi
Mbtpúí no J<5y, b Ha noporfc npeAdajia ^OMHa, pacTpenaHHaa, cl
onyxfflHM-L on cJiesi jbi^omi h aioÓHO CBepRaion^BMB iMasaifH.
— Tlero tu ro mh4 npHcrajrb, nero npHCTajrb, He?HCTufi Ayx*?
— saBfl82Uuia OHa, Baerynaa Ha siysa a paaMaxHBaa pyRaMH. —
Gairb BHzpHTca óo-8HaTb ta*, haojit*, a RaRi spaTb saxoTiurb h
npo seHy bchomhbji? He sena a Tetfb, qopTy, botb Te6i wrb...
PyRH Ha ce6a HaJiosy, h BaHbRy npHAymy, H Aomx coatry, hoa*
jeni tu dAaRÍĚ...
#a HTO TU, HTO TU? — OTCTynafl OTb HaTBCROBl IReHU, ro-
BopHJb OToponiBinift Maipiň. — *Ito tu, cóicHjacb, hto jih?
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156 BftCTHHKB EBPOUH.
— Uo&nenT*, pacnyTH0Ki>! — Kpaqaja ^OMHa, bxo#í Bce 6oxie
h (kwrfee fl aaapn*. — Kt» yqHTeibmi CBoeft crynaft, nymafi OHa
Te&b o&bjmTb coÓnpaen>, a a He 6yay... & kb onjy ceitaacB yftay,
h BaHbBy B03Lwy, a tu chah cb y<urreJBme&... ofoeiiafica ci Heft,
cb noTacByxoft...
- MeTpift no&rfcaH&ťB h bo bcí rjiasa norjMxftra Ha HScryiueHHyio
seHy.
— TIto tu óojTaemb, aypa? — nporoBopiuťB ohb, CAepsHBaflCB,
ho nyBCTBya, to> kb cepjwfe ero hto-to saKanaero. — Th botb toí>,
Óparb... th n§ iiejiH spa-TO... Ka6u xy*o He 6bmo. PyraTBca-py-
raftca, root xorerca, a yq0Taabmy TporaTB He cmM...
— Ahi ysi hítb! Yst a He saiiojray! A Ha Bce cejo sací
ocpaMJio, no^jnixi 9AaBHXi>! syseli ysHHija OHa, yiHTexBina-TO tboh,
botl hto! Ob seHaTUMH napHAMH nyiaeTca, CBoero-TO iiysa Majio
eft! IIojio6obhhkobt» saBeJia...
^OMHa Kpanajia Bce rpoiiie h rpoirae, h rpyfoia, rajicia CJOBa
rpa/ioiTB cunajiHCb Ha ro.iOBy MHTpia. BesifHcieHHaa sjo6a ea ne-
pe^aiacb h eiiy; y Hero noTeMH&io wb uiasaxi h ohi Ópoouica
k% seffi.
— Mojiih, raxHHa! — RpHKHyjii ohb, h, cxbathb* seHy sa bo-
pon pyóaxn, yxapHJi ee b-b cmmy.
^OMHa tojbko aToro h AOSHAajacb. OHa HencroBO saKpHqajia,
BupBajiacB H3i> pyB-B Myjsa h ci pasópBaHHHirB bopotomi, cb pac-
TpenaHHUMH BOJiocaMH 6pocHJiacB Ha yjnmy.
— Oft, óanoniBH, yÓiurB, yfturB!.. Oft, po^uime, noMorcrre,
yÓHJit, cb y^HTeiBmeft CBasaJica, MeHa yÓHTB xo?ero... Oft, sapayjfB!..
MHTpíft KHHyjCfl-6HUIO 8a HeK), HO OHOMHHJCa H OCTaHOBHjICfl.
Ohi BecB Tpacca sara m> .raxopaAKft, 3y6u ero cryqaiH, cep;u;e
BOJSOTHJIOCB. „O, TOCHO^H, » TO> Se 9T0 TaBoe"? — paCTepflHHO
meuxwb ohx, npHCJtyniHBaacB kb boojiaitb ^omhh. 3joctb ero mh-
roMi nponuia h CMiHHjacb ctuaoitb h pacsaaHBeifB. Bx nepsuft
past Ohi yftapHJTB seny h Tenepb cb KaraMi-TO ysacoirB rja^kit
Ha cboh csaTue ByjiaM, bi kotopuxx eme coxpaMJOCb npoTHBHoe
omymeHie y^apa o HeJiOB^qecBoe tíjo. „HeÓocb, Óojibho a ee...
Tb$y, ao nero AOBeja... H Rasi ero a? Fochoah... A OHa-TO, oea-
to... Ha bck> yjHi^y bph^htb... jio^h c6iryTca... cpaMora*!
^iflcTBHTeJbHo, Ha BpnKH ^omhu (MvKJiwh cocíah, a rjaBHoe,
cocíakh, h bcímx OHa noKasuBajia pasopBaHHyio py(5axy, npnqHraia
bo BecB rojocB h sajOBajiacb Ha Myaa h Ha yneTejitray. Goc&mjml
axaje, BaqajH rojOBaMH, coqyBCTBOBajiH; Ahhcba notípocaxa ropmsH
h Tose Beprkiiacb m> tojhí, a bi H364 saiHBajica bc6mh ÓpomeH-
HLift rojiOAHBift BaHBKa. Ho MmpiĚ y»e He noraejx kb Hdtfy.
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MHT10XA — yqHTEJb. 157
Ohi npocBOJB3Hyjn> kb saAHia Bopoia, Bumarb Ha ryMHo h noópejit,
Ryxa riasa raajarb, crapaacb nocBOp&e yfiisaTB otb Bcero, ecin
6íi mosho, /tase on caMoro cé6a.
Hc OKpysaiomaa THinnea, Tenjuft BfrrepoRi, B^iomiň vb jihijo,
h nojiHoe 6eaaK>ABe npHBejH ero b*b ce(5a. Ohi nepeBejra flyxi,
Bsrrepi BiicryneBinift Ha -i(5y nora h npnc&ďB Ha Bopoxx uponrao*
roAHeft cojomu. „Hy, jt/hji&l — nporoBOpHJi okb BCJiyxt. — %o TenepB
AfeiaTB-TO, a"?
Bce npoHcmeAmee npeAcraBiuocB eMy bo Bcero CBoeMi 6es-
oópasin; Bce ólijio Tasí npoTHBHO, rajKO, hto ^ame h ^yiiaTB He
xorfcaocb. TajHO, hto Kpa^ajia j^OMHa npo ywrejBmy, raARO, to>
okb ee yjapiui, ra^BO, hto coópajica HapoxB h Bce oto bhaíwb
h ciHinajrB... TenepB pasHecyro cnjerRH no Bceiiy cejy, fifiijsfivb
ffl ywreja, h MHTpifi xotb TJia&b He Basn kb niKOjy. A to) no-
AyMaenb o tom* ymrejBina, nor^a ysHaen rpasHyio cnjeTeio?..
Ilpn dTofi mhcjh Mnipia x&se b*b sapB ÓpocHao. Ohi Tara yBa-
a&jL yHHTeaa h ero seHy, Tasí blicobo hxi CTaBHJTB, to> ^ase
noxyiiaTB o hhxi xypnoe RasajocB eMy HeBfepoaTHHMi. H BApyro
raynaa 6a6a bo Bce ropjio RpHwrB Ha jmufr npo y^HTejaray, npo
9iy HeAOCflraeMyK) am nero seHniHHy, wooHa — ero nosioÓOBHHiia...
Marpiž on cniAft h o6hah aase sasMypHJca h saMOT&irB rojOBoft.
,$y-y, ÓananiKH bh moh! — meirrajn> ohx. — íto se a TenepB a*-
jumtb-to craHy? KaBx Ha jiiOAeft fmaítb, Ha yrarejBiny?.. Botb
Taní, cRasyn, rya>! B4ab OTRyAa-HHÓyAB a& BSflJia oh» oto, ^OMHa-
to? Hy h npflMO Ha Mera... OHx-ae buujumt*... q-roóu noxB&BHTBCfl
jecK&TB... 4>y-$y-$y-y! H eme (Jhtb RHHyjca... a Ty^a se Tor^a
cb CeHBBOfi pacnncbiBajrB... h to, h c6"... h RaR<B bto Óa6y 6htb.».
a caMx cefiiacB h cb ByjiasaMB... y, AWJBOjn/!..
Mhuoxš aaxorkaocb njásaTB. Mošen 6htb, oh*b h sanjiaRajrB-
6u, ho kb ary MHHyTy ero BHHMame npHBjeRJia RaRaaVro ymjjiaa
$arypa, KonomHBmaaca Heno^ajeKy okojio OMeTa cojomu. nř ^a 9to
HHBaRi ^HJHnnxl — noxyifajii MHTpíft h, or^A^BraHCb, yBErfura,
vro Ohi cam chahtb Ha $HJHnnoBO]rB ryMHt. — ?ero sto oht, Tam
Atiaen? Eiiy 6u vb nojrt HaAO 6htb, a oh*b AOMa... Ajb hto
crp*cjiocB? a
^HjraniTL Cujnb hxi 6jnrsa&mift coct^, h MeTioxa jk)6hjb ero
8a TBXÍft HpaBX H 8a TO, TO) CB HHlťB, KaKX M CL CeMeHOMli,
mosho 6buo noroBOpHTB 060 BceiťB, fiesi 6oa3hh bctp&thtb Ha-
arbmBy hjh paBHOAymie. TpyseHHKB h xjonoTyHx, ohi Tasí se,
šasi h HBaHi. SChjthhi, Bcnecra erapajcfl noAAepsaTB CBoe xo-
SaftCTBO B*B paBHOBtCÍH, HO, HeCMOTpfl Ha HeHMOBfepHBfi yCHJUfl Bii
9tomi» HanpaBjeeia, eny sasi-TO ne Besjío. Heciacria npeaatAO-
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1 58 BfcCTHHKt EBPOmi.
BajiH ero: to y Hero cropíjia Hs6a, to CTapmift cuhi, yse 6ojil-
inoň napeHb, noMepi orb ropfl«ren, to yKpajia jomaftb. JJi-ia ero
aanyTUBajiHCb Bce (Sojbme n <5ojbme, hki sejaHHuft nojiHTHqecRift MOMeHTi
AU caMOÓuTfiaro pasBHTÚi pyccsoft HapojHOCTB, HCTHHHaro npocei-
mema. TaRi npHBiTCTBOBajii ee npo^eccopt HaAesjHH* bx CBoein*
„TeiecBoni*. ToBopu nponje, ciaBAHCKafl Raeejpa ÓHaa ůeoóxo-
AHMa, otoÓh HeBi^eHie, pasjaBaBmeeca cihoibomi rpoiiso jase cx
yHHBepcHTercROĚ HCTopaiecKofi saeeApu, cmíhhjocb sHamean, ?to6u
npeKpaTBJHCB HanBHtifl saaaieHia o csaBaHCsom HacaiemB CpejHeň
EBpomi Aase ao PefiHa, sani 9to hm&io iricro bo BCTynHTejiBHofi
jexijiH IIoroAHHa bi» 1832 roay, bi npecyTCTBia MHHHCTpa YBa-
poaa, <rro6u bx oi^hbš ciaBflHCKOfi HapojHoft itícbh, eanp,, sHa-
MeHHToň cepfcRofi, nepecTajn roBopHTb o Heft, o ea Kpacort, — n oco-
tieHHO ecJH cmotp6tl Ha u3o6prbmenie Mticjiefi ťí l Bára bto 6uáo y
IlieTHeBa, bi ero kphtbrí nepeBOAa cepÓCBuxi aiceHT>, HSAaHHaro
3flaMeHflTUM*L BOCTOKOBUITL *).
& ) ELieTHew, CoraHeHúi h neperacsa, I, 211. Híceojbbo noase BHmen Apyroft
■epeto**— „nepeioseHie*— rfex* se cepócsun nlcera, M. Racropciaro, h totl se
Digitized by
Goo
Sjf
166 BftCTHHKB EBPOIIH,
Ho ecsH saMÍmeBie crapsixi yHHBepcirreTCKfnro BaeeApi n
caMOirB aBTopi ycraBa 1835 roAa, mhhhctpí YBapoBb, BU3tiBajo
^yBCTBO TpeBoni; eco, He CKptiBaa onacema, ohi> cefiiaro se hh-
cajit neTeptíyprcEOMy noneiHTejw cx hojhobo OTKpoBeHHOCTLio, tov
caidoe npeotipasoBame yHHBepcHTeTOBi ocraBaiocB 6u Tn^eTHum
npeAnpiflTieMi, past oho He ÓyAera conpoBO&AaTBca h BUÓopoMt
Ócráe cnocotfHEixi, Óojiie nporoAHuxi» opyAifi, to tím* ÓojAe sa-
raAOíHa 6tua cyji><5a tojbeo-hto noaBHBmefica eiaBAHCRoft Baeexpu.
Tfjb h KorAa HafiAyTca ajm Hea CKOJBKO-HHÓyAB yAOÓHiia opyaia? He
ocraHeTCfl jih okb sara MepTBaa tfyKBa saKoea, Bára MHMoaeTHHft
npo&iecBi sxopoBofi mijcjih, ho bi shshh caifofi npoHeceTca npasA*
heim-b 3ByK0Mi»? Ejaria nose^ama CnepaecEaro, HHTejueKTyajibHaro
BHHOBHHKa CiaBflHCBOft BaeeApH, 6hLTb MOSeTB, TaSl H OCTaHyTCfl
He npH lem, npa Heiifc...
Bi c$epax% HayBH DerepCypra Tóro BpeMeHH — OAHa TeMHaa
Hoqb, 6esx npocBfrra, ocraHOB^Mca jih Ha PoecificROft AKajeMin
IElHIEKOBa, HJH Ha erO yHHBepCHTeTÍ. EoSHaKOMHMCfl cb otfpasíH-
komx noyieHia atpeija aKafteMHqecBofi HayBH, oÓpameHHaro si no-
KOJŠHÍH) MOJOAOMy.
„BcJiiACTBie Bamefi ko mh* sanucKH, — nsmeTB HenpeMÍHHLift ce-
KpeiapB aKa^eMÍH, BcropeiecBifi, no sacayrf* ocJiaBJíeHHufi BoeftBo-
bumi, IleTpt Cokojiob*, vb aapiiii 1825 ro^a, naHATHOMy wl.
HcropÍH OTeqecTBeHHaro npocBimema II. H. KenneHy (okb tojibro-
ito BOSBpamajica hst* cnaBaHCsaro nyiemecTBia, sa HayEofi, Ha 3a-
naA*), — cb ocofieHHHMi yAOBOJBCTBieMB npenpoBosAaio bi Bam, hro
JIBOÓHTeJIK) CflOBeCHOCTH, a OCOÓJMBO CiaBaHOpOCCifiCEOfi, BHH2BBH Ha-
BÍCTiň aKaAetíuqecKHXt. On. HCKpeHHaro cepAn;a aejiaio n coenmyvy
BaMi, nojBsoBaTBCfl ohumh. B*b hhxi HafiAeTe Btl BeCBMa rJiyÓORÍH
h ocHOBaiejBHBifl cyasAeHia o ap^bhocth, cocraBi h ÓoraTCTBŠ asuBa
poccifiCKaro. B* hhxx acho AOKasuBaeTca, hto iiesAy poccificRHM^
H CJiaBeHCKHMt HJH HaiHHMl IjepBOBHfillfB flSHKOMt HÍTB HHBaROÍi
Apyrofi pa3HOCTH, KpoMi Tofi, hto n;epKOBH(>e fl3Eisa Haraero Ha-
plraie npejiHHHO BaatHOMy ciory, a ocoÓjihbo vb tomx caywfe, nor^a
IIjieTHen — o^eHt xoiioieBi. „KacropcKifi, — roBopHTb obi bi CBoem „CoBpeneHHHKt a , —
Cb opHniHaja, eciH mosho Tait CBasaTb, cbaji, tojbko dtasy opTorpa^in h btemojio-
tíh, nyxjyD xu pyccKaro BSHsa, He noBpexHBi hh o^HOft H3i» rfen npacora noaaÍH >
KOTopHii Tasí cbísh h bíshh bo BCflKOMi Hapo^HOMt C03jaHÍH u (Taní «e, II, 259, CJ.).
Bi BoxTBepxxeHÍe npBBexeaH Tpn „nepeioxeHHHra* díchh, bo ob* h onpoBeprami
(jarocBJOHBaro spEmsa: bmííto nepexans no8TH?6CKofi cepÓCKofi bíchh bhdiio ito-to
BinypHoe, HenpbTHo#, se to pyccao-AepsoBHo-cjiaBaflCKaa piib, se to noiy-cep6cBaa«
IIpexnpiaTie 6oao ae no caiain,. Hase mh bctpítbmcb Cb HaHBHHMt npHsaaaieM^
Toroja (1839 r.) o „CjaB. ,Hj>eBBOCTaxb tt nia^apasa — o npexBoexameBia.
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fpato c. r. CTPoroHOBi. 167
TOJOfi&ra, hro TBopeHie pasyMHoe, boshochto faaroroBMHuft, 6jaro-
xapcTBeHHHft h MOieCfiiifi r\aacL cboS ko TBOpijy BcejeHHua" *).
DpH Taaora, aRajeiiHiecROirB, Bsiuarfi Ha jmboU pyccsii asHRft,
hs HBSMeeHyio c$epy ero ynoTpeftieHifl, He HenoHarau h híko-
Topae npaRTHqecBie buboju hto Hero, RaRi, HanpHirfepi, „MyieHH-
lecsoe* cosseme Ha RHpnHqHoire saBO^ bi DeTepfiyprt nepeBOxa
Ha pyocsifi flSHKL IlflTHKHHsifl Moacea, qtfuaHHaro enncR. $oia-
peroirB — coCurie, Koroparo 8HaneHHTiiĚ CBaTHiejB He saÓiiBajrB
jojro-jojro. 3amamaa yse kb 1857 roay nporaBi $BjiapeTa
neBCBaro noiBsy nepeBOja eBameeearo nocaeia Ha OTeiecTBeHHuft
ssawb. mocrobcríě BjajuRa nncajTL: „tto Racaerca jo ynomiHae-
Maro sieBCRHifB BjajiiBOio coatatema hícrojibrhx^ thcíto dRseif-
niapoBi aepeBOxa hjith bhhpb Moacea, HaneiaTanHaro Etafoefi-
CKBlfL OÓmeCTBOM^, COrjiamaiOCB CB HHMl Bl TOM*, HTO HeJIBBfl
eero bchomhhtb Cesi i\ay<5oK0fi cRopfa. 9to TeMHoe mtho Ha tom*,
ito Bu^yMajL čiro MÍpy h CBoeK) Heo6xyiiaHHOH> peBHOCTBK) yaieK-L
xpyraxi. Bt nepeBOA* He 6hjo mrcero TaKoro, htí) saciysHBajo
6h TasyK) crporyK) irfcpy. Ohi nocrpajum MyqeHHiecRH* 2 ).
IIpBHfljii jih KenneHi (a oh*b 6hjtb jKvrepaHHHi) cobíti h Ha-
craBjeHie ottb BinjaTeja Hayra, He 3HaeMx. Ho Corojobi h nosse
He saótiBWL ero cbohitb HacTaBHTe.ii>HUMi» BHBMameMt. „Ho cao-
BecHOMy conameHÍio ero b — Ba, r. UpesajeHTa ARajeMÍH Poccifi-
ckoí h no Bameify sejiamK), — nncaj* Cokojiobx Kenneay vb Hoaópi
1829 roja, — *ecTb hmíjo npenpoBOAHTB npa cearB r* BameMy bh-
oosopoxiH) no o^HOMy dBseMHjapy GaoBapa PoccificROft ARaxeitin,
no asóyieoMy nopa*Ry pacnojoseHHaro, h 12 RHHaseRB HaBicrifi
ÁRueiriH, o nojyqeHÍH rohxi noBopeífime npomy He ocraBHTb MeHa
ysfejoiuieHieirB* 8 ).
Eme crpaHHie 6um HayRa no asHRy cmíH^iHaro yHHBepcHTeTa:
He xapoiťb aRa^eiiHRiy ho Hacroanýft, Ilappon pyKOio MaxHyjrB Ha
bosmojrhoctb Raaoro-juióo ncnpaBJíeHifl ero bl CBoeirL npoettrfe pe-
opraHH3an,ÍH HMnepcRHXi yHHBepcHTeTOBi, bi eamai uapcTBOBaeia
unepaTopa HHRoaaa. ^ificTBHTeJibHo, cb RaeeApu aaonojy^Hoft pyc-
csofi ciOBecHOCTH npenoAHOCHiHCB ciymaiejaMi HeB*poaTHKia He-
xbnocru. OcraeoBBMca Ha MBHyTy Ha oahoitb bsi MHornxx, Ha npo-
^eceopi TojMa^eBÍ, rani, oieHL sHByqeirB vb pyccRHxi yeHBep-
J ) Hn H&iiraxi MaTepiaiovB.
s ) Mffbmji h np. M. ^uapera, IV, 261. „IlepeBOjťb HoBaro 3as4Ta zuuena,— ra-
eu% n na* 1819 roxa CTapm H. H. AmiTpieBi A. H. TypreHeBy,— HaHjyqmift nox-
im Hamero BndieficKaPO OómecTBa" (CoTOHeeia. Cn6. 1898).
') En EtjawL% xaTepiajon. Ha noci&xHero coo^^eHiH, Je 241, py&oD RenneHa:
,10171. 14 HOiiÓpa 1829 r. tf
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168 B*CTHHE*B EBPOIItl.
cirreTaxi cpe^H cjobcchheobt*, — Bnpoiemí, npo^eccop* 6íui ceft-
tocb se nocró HOBaro ycraBa 1835 roaa cnyrayrB cb CBoeft Ka-
ee^pti yBapoBHMTb, bi cosHamn óosbe íímb (ŠesnojiesHOCTH nojo<$-
Haro yoHBepcHTeTCRaro opyaia HayKH.
„GTpacTB npo$. TojiMa^eBa, — BcnoMHeaen> ojhhtb h3t> ero oiy-
raaTejeň, — ki EopHeaaoBÍK> a npoBSBOjcrBy cjiobx bi HHOCTpaHHiuť*
asusaxi orb CJaBaHCEBX* sopneft HSB-bcTea &ua Torja bc&itb.
QpHBeAy OAHfTB npeMipx — iipohsboactbo ciOBa xjmOz Ha paseuxx
asHEaxx. Cnaqaja, — roBopmn* oht,, — Korja mícatl xjrtfo, a«fc-
jaeTca xjflÓL, OTCioja Hame urtfo; wa xm(5b HaiHHaerB 6poahtb,
orcKua h4m. Brod; nepeÓpojHBinH, xjmiÓb onaaaerB, OTCiua mt.
panis; aaróiťB noBepxi) ero aBJíaeTca nim, OTKyja $pam{. pain* 1 ).
daóui jyvB cJiaBAHCKoft HayBH faecHyjii Ha ctojhhhoitb ro-
pesoHT^ cb yqpesAemeiťB bt, 1830 r. CJiaBeHCKoft (tatiaioTeEH npn
aBa^eMÍH nieniROBa h npEiMamemeirB Tpext ÓH&rioTeBapeft Tyja
H8i> qexoBx, Cb IDa^apeKOM-B bo TMvh. HÓBoe cirémoe yqpesAeme
AOasho óíjjio BocHyTBCfl h yHHBepcHTeTa. Biricri cb npHrjarae-
Hieiii npnÓuTB Ha cjnyaóy bi asaxeidK), EenaeffB, btotb ropaiift
areHTB HlemKOBa, cootfmajt raHE&, b-l Opary, ito yxe CHOBa
HOCflTCfl Bfc MHHHCTepCTBt Vb MBIC9BK) OCHOBaTB Vb yHHBepCHTeTaXI*
eaaBflHCKyio Eaeejpy, CHaiajia wb neTepÓyprcsoirL, a hotoitb, mo-
sera 6htb, h bi» apyraxii. Pa^ocTb Ótuia bt> Ilpark o6maa, h
raHKB, aoTopuft caaix cefa iwraci se npeAHa3Ha?HjrB Ha ciaiuiH-
csyio Eaeeapy bi IJeTepÓypró, h Tperbaro (fcrójiioTeEapa, nodTa
íejaKOBCKaro, e íejaEOBCBiř 25-ro aHB. 1830 r. oTBlraaxB no-
pyccKH KenneHy: „HsBfccrie, nojaHeoe BaMH npiaTejro MoeMy r.
raHKi o HaMipeHiax^ Ana^eMÍH PoccíBceoS, h MeHa necbiia o(5pa-
AOBaJio. 3a Tanoe BasHoe a&io, KoToparo bii npeHMymecTBeHHO
hoboaomi h none?HTejieMi, crasajH bij ce64 {fesciiepTHoe faia h
sacjiysHJiH ĎJiaro^apnocTB Bcaicaro BÍpearo caaBaHBHa. Baroku,
npoecxoAanúa hsx coíHnema BcecjaBaHCEaro caoBapa, He tojbeo
Aia pocciaHi caiiHxi, ho h #ja Apyrexi OTpacjeft eapo^a Hamero
OieBHAHU, paBHBIMl O^paSOMX OCHOBaHÍe ÓH^JliOTeSH BCeCJiaBaHCROft
poccificEOMy asuEy h -iHTepaTypi He Majiyro noJB3y npHHecerB.
OsB^aK) cb HeTepn^HieMi toB a^a MeHa pa^ocTHOft nopsi, soTopaa
MB* HOSBOJIHTB JH^HO H3MBHTB BaifB HCEpeHHIOK) ÓJiarO^apHOCTB
moh) h BucoEonoqHTaHie, cb KoropuMx* h np. 2 ).
l ) ^opTyHaTOBi, CTywHTi io 1831 r., n „P. ApxHi* a , 1869, 329—330.
J ) Hat Hamero nopT^eia, bi kooíil Pysoi) KenneHa sairfeHeHo: „IIhcmio *p. B.
^ejiKOBCsaro nai Ilpare, nacaHHoe na BTopoMt noayjicrB nncbiia no mi B. B.
raHKH, on 25-ro ahb. (6-ro 4>eBp.) 1830 r., no nosojiy BH30Ba ero n Poccíd Hun.
PoccificKOi) AkaxeMieD. bhíctí ci, raHKOD h IOa^apHiioMT,. Cm. nncuia raeiH". lSa%
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rPA*i c. r. CTPoroHOBi,. 169
Ho ToproBM cooópasema Faran, saTÍrax, CRapejH0-9B0H0MH-
^ecKia h caMofi aKa^eMÍH, paspynnuw ciaBaHcaia Ha^esAu Ha
irtcri, pa36HJH ropa*ria ÓesRopucTHHa CTpeiijeHia ÓaaropoAHaro
Hla^apHKa — „in S. Petersburg fiir die slawische Wissenschafl
th&tig zu seyn", Kaai ohx ea paxocraxi nacaďb Tor.ua, bx cBoefl
h&hbbocth, bi Ty ae aRaaeMiio, h npoMeJiiKHyBniift orpaAHuft -ayrb
CB&ra noraci h — Hajo-aro. neiepfiypr* 6hun> <5e3Ha,ie»eHB. Ho He
yjufaeTca jh cyflbóa ooboě Kaee^pi bi apyrofi crojum*? Btflb
Taiíi aaaaa hh Ha ecn>, ho Bce xe 6tuia jaBeo yse CMBaHCRaa
Raeejpa, rojaiíH yTBepsjajiocb nayiHoe npe^asie, npocBiTJiajiocb
co3oaeie nojib.sa ciaBflHCRHXi saHarift h bx yHHBepcirreTfc, o bt>
oĎmecTB*, npexge Bcero Ójraroaapa fffcaTeabHOCTH Bt abí pyaa,
npo^eccopcKoft h xypaajibHOfi, 3HaMeHHiaro caenTHKa KaqeHOB-
CKaro...
KofieiHo, HayKa o$$aiUaJibHaro cjaBacra crapoft ctojhiíu, Ta-
BpnjioBa, 6ujibl MJiaAeHHecKH HaiiBHa, oÓpayqHRt ea uu hmíjh bt>
craTbt o rpa$i CnepaHCROMi, ho caiiufi $ aRTB cymecTBOBaHia
Kaeeapii, Rasi he hh^tosohi 6ujtb ea íipeícraBHTejrb, o6pamaai>
mjTjQBoe BHHMaeie ea Mocasy h nojuep&HBajrb BÍpy bi bo3mojr-
HOCTb 3j*fccB Jiyiniaro Óy^ymaro. Kor^a b% HerepÓyprt, bi romh-
Tert 14-ro Maa, npoeRTx IHemROBa otrphtb no bc6mt> yHouep-
CHTeTaMT> cjiaBAHCRia RaeeApu npa noMonja BHOcrpaHHbixi cox —
toxobi, noROJie6aJca h, noBH^HMOMy, ocTaHOBHJiHCb Ha bcrojibsb
npopoHeHHofi mlicjih KonHTapa, cjiaBHcra B4hh, wl nscbirii kt>
KenneHy — He HaataTbca Ha rhash, a tojibro Ha ce6a, cboh chjih:
ropaqii nocpejBHKt bt» tom* A*ď6 Meawy EfamROBUM 1 * a Ilparoft,
RenneHi, TOT^aci se noBopa^BBaerb 4>poHn h o6pamaeica btb
MocRBy homohb HOBOMy jsjbxy — aBocB, Taiit Tro-HHÓyAb ecrb... 27-ro
ampa 1827 ro#a Kennem* 3anpamHBaeTX apyra IIoroAHHa:
h4t-l jih npa mocrobcromi yHHBepcBTerfc mojioahx* Jio^efl, roto*
ptie ct> hojibbok) Morjia 6u oÓxíxaTb cjaBaHCRia seiua, a co Bpe-
MeneMb „momb <5h 6htb npo^eccopaMo cjaBaHCROft MTepaTypa no
Bcfcira HapiqiflMi> a ? x )
IIoRa otb$ts> asi Mocrbh MorB 6uTB OTpHi^aTejibHEjft. íto se
KacaeTca caaioro npieMa — nowfeAOBaiejibHaro asynema Ha Micrfc,
nepeóapaacb on ojhhxi ciaBaHi ri Apyraifb, to, uomhmo yRa-
8aHifi RonHTapa hbx Bíhij, mu jhtoo 6ujih yse He 6esi eíao-
Topnxi onuTOBi Taaoro poia H3X HeAaBHax-b Jiirb.
axpeca bh^ho, to> KenneHi shii Torxa Ha Bojbm. MimaBCKofl, 6ihsb KasceH. iiocTa,
X. KpasoBa, 2é 45. Cp. Hama „HaiajbHue roxH a , 302.
*) BapcyKOBt, IToroxHBi, II, 150.
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170 BfcCTHHBl BBPOHH.
He aajiíe Basi kb 1822 roay TaROft CJiaBflHCKifi ofofej*,
KaKt mu mcjbrom* ynoMHHajiH Burae, coBepmHJTE caiťB KeaneHt,
npaB#a, bi> BanecTBŠ y^eHaro ^H.ieTTaeia, ho cb HecoMHiHeoio
noJBBOM) jm HayKH: hm*l BtisBaHx 6ujn> BonpocB o busobí) caa-
bahckhxi y^eHuxi. IIpeAJioseHHiifi hm-b, hoa*b cbísomh Biiewrjrfj-
HÍaiíH cjiaBAHCKaro nyTemecTBifl, HopiiajiLHiifl njaHt caai&HCRHX^
Hsy^eHifi Ha m4ct6 (bi> ero aypeajrfe „BH&riorpa^HiecRie JHhcth*,
1825), npaB.ua, 6ujn> npeameBpeiieHeffB km pyccsofi HayKH h
npojiexaji 6esi aMctbíh aojfo, npesxe *ríyrB BtisBajrB oxothh-
BOBI. Ho OHI BT> BHa^HTeJIBHOfi irfcpt (ÍHWB BIIHOJHeHl CefiiaCB
ase MOJiOflHMi hojbcrhitb yieHiiirB Hsi BapmaBLi, r^t Ojiaro^aTHaa
CJiaBflHCKaa erpya roTOBa fouia cmutb eme CB-fcaie BpoBaBiie ctoth
coc^Aoft-^paTBeBx h hphtotobhtb ycjOBÚ am coraacHOft AiATejB-
hocth oóohxx HeaaBHHxi BparoBt. Mu roBopuirc o KyxapcRoirB,
nocjiaHHOMx RopojeBCRO-HMnepaTopcRHMx yHHBepcHTeTOMi wb Bap-
raaB* Ha mtb jétb b* ciaMHCKia seMJH, oceHBK) 1825 ro^a.
BapmaBCBifi HBÓpaHHHRi, RpoM$ Óojirapi, no3HaROMMca co
bcímh aiaBAHaiiH h BEiBeai Maccy i^HHaro MaTepiaaa. HpaBja,
KyxapcBift He 6uxb hrb woia yxauuxx HstfpaHHHROBi, cbohmh
MaTepiajiaMH BOcnojiBsoBajica Maao mh He ywhjn> l ), Tasí hto bbi-
HyAHj-B y IIIa^apHBa, jsmeHHaro caiiHxi BJeideHTapHLix^ nocoóifi
npH cbohxi cjaBaHCBHXi BaHaTiaxi *), pfesoe saMÍraamé o cetffe,
hto Ohi CKopie noxoaťB Ha co6asy Ha cšfffc (b*b nocbM* b*b yBjeK-
l ) rjaBHaa nacca KBBn no HCTopin upana, ottocth pyaonHceft h ciaBBHCKHXfe
HHRyHaÓyit, BUBeseBHuxi Ryxapcxniti, cocTaBiaerB ocoóeHHo irBHHyi) naerb 6h6jío-
Te&H Hun. Honopoccificsaro yHHBepcHTera. Cp. nsxaHDiift HaMfl III h *acTÍ» I tom*
xaTaiora 9Toft OHOKOTexn. 3eaneHHT£ui „Vulgarizatio Dalmatica u 1492 roia — eiaa ra
H6 eiHHCTBf HHUfi Ha CBÍTÍ HOJHHH 8B36Mniflpi— Bl 9T0H ÓHÓliOTeKB H8T. KHHTB Ky-
xapcaaro. Hni noJB30Ba*acB npn HeiaBHein. nepen3i.aHÍH Tpyja Bernardino 3arpe6-
csaa AsaxeMÚi Haysi.
') He MoaeMt He npHBecTH HtcKOibKHxi cTpoKt H3i HHCBMa nia^apHEa kb Ken-
neHy— „6jaroAÍTej» CBoeMy a (saai oh-b ero o6hbhob6hho THTyioBaii) on 4-ro (16-ro)
Ldih 1826 r. H3-B HoBaro Oaxa, vb nepeiioxB: „Rasi hh iecrao jum moha, ito BHHra
t&mh, j^sl KOTopsxi OHa npexHasHa^ajacb — eamei) caaMHCKOD aaHHiiasíHeDca mojo-
xesBD— ÓHja npHHBTa xopomo (ptíb H^eTt o „GeBchichte der slaw. Literatur"),
ho ii ho nory He ooacaTBCJi, hto HcnHTyromift BsríBxi SHaTOROBi. oombht* ee cobcími.
HeyWBmefica. Boibdihhctbo ea HexocraTKOBi o6iacHBno hbi Moero o^ohb CTBCBeHHaro
jHrepaTypearo noioseHk... QpH mohxi TenepemBuxi jHTepaTypHHxi paooTaxt « jra-
meffB Haraero KaiafixouH^a, ero IoaHHa dscapxa. 06t btomi Tpyjrfb a 8Ha» tojbro
H8i pen.eH8ÍH Ha Hero ío<5poBCKaro, H3i KOTopofi a h BHxy, hto mh* óesi Hero xhtb
Heibsa. IlyTeMi Hameft KHHXHoft ToproaiH mh* lociaTB btoS XHHrn hcbobhosho...
EcihÓh BH^MHfl npnciaiH ee KaKHMi-HHÓyib xpaT^afinnnrB h b^phíSdihmi nyreu-Bl*..
Kaxi ciacTiHBi, Óeui IIIa4>apHBt, xorra oui HaaoHen> noiy^Hii IoaHHa Bacapxa^
MHTpon. EBreHia h3fbcthhh CiOBapt, KajafixoBH^a h OrpoeBa onscaHie cjaBaHCSHx*
pyaoHHceft, CTpHTrepa, „Memoriál populorum"! . (Hsi HaniHxs MaTepiaiOBi).
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rPA*t c. r. CTPOroeoBi. 171
meMycfl IIoroAHHy); ho am HCTopesa pyccftoft Hayaa HHTepecemb
XOTB (J)aKTL, ITO HSÓpaHHHRl BapmaBH, OROHHHBl CBOĚ CHaBflHCRÍfi
ofo&A*, yae BecHOfl 1830 r. Óbu* bx Moceb*, ítoÓh 8a*cb,
TaRt cRasaTB, pasrpysHTBCfl h npeAAO&HTB cboA cjaBaHCRift OTieTL,
KOHeiHO, He np6A% O^HIl.iaJIbBhlM* CJaBHCTOftTL TaBpHJIOBEIlťL (obtb
yae h yicepi), a npeA* jhoabmh conpHRacaiomexcfl EHTepecora,
BosfiyAHTB coiyBCTBie. H KyxapcRifi He ometica.
Ha CTpaHHijaxT, „MocROBCRaro BicrHHKa", mojmaoicb í>praei
mojoauxx JíoóHTejieft cnaBaHCTBa crapofi ctojhijh (cH)Aa KenneHi
nociuaji> cboh cooómema H3i» cjaBaecKBxx seneab JHTepaTypHaro
xapaKTepa, ROTopaa oht> nojyiajrB cb Micia, ocofíenHO ort Illa-
$apeRa *), Tor^a Kast paHBme ohi neiaTajn Tasia se caaBaH-
csia nacsMa y HojieBoro bi „Mocrobcrohb Teaerpa^i", načati
CK>Aa h BocTOKOBt), noaBJíeHie noJbCKaro cnaBecra bi Mocrbí
namjio BOcropseHHufi npieifB* Pe^aKijis nocaimHja iiomícthti*
„nporpamiy h CHcreMy aiaBaHCROft <|>HJiojiorÍH a KyxapcRaro h, ro-
neqHO, co cjiobx ero npeAJO&eKB 0<5cT0aTe„iBHHfi OTqen> o ero
MHorojiTHHxi CTpaHCTBOBaHiaxx cpeAH cjiaBAH^, cb yKaaaeieMi, xa-
paRTepa ero saHarift Ha míctí, oTRpuTift, yqeHOft aoÓktoh, Bootfme
BcaneCRHXi sacdyra 2 ). Ottojiocorx chctcmei KyxapcRaro mh nosme
BcrpiqaeMi bt» yRaaaaiH saAaro A-&a pyccRaro aaaBHcra y eamero
nepBaro yHBBepcnTeTCRaro npenoAaBaiejifl cjaBaflOBÍAeHia, Eoaah-
CKaro.
TaRBirB o6pa80Mi, He tojbro y ceťía, bi EIeTep(5yprt, ho h
Ba CTopoeí cRJiaABiBajica ocotieHHBift BsrjiaA^ Ha yneHyio araoc^epy
Mocrbh — atMOc^epy cb eaaBaHCRofi HayiHofi ORpacRoS, cb cosea-
TeJBHUMB CHicnaTiaMH kt> cjiaBjjecKHMi HsyiemaMfc, rjsjh paÓOTajiH
H CTpeMH^BCb R*B patíOTt, HOB08H&, OJRHBJeHÍK>, TRk ÓUJIE A&Se
npH3HaRH HacToan^efi »h3hh. TaRB, eme HeAaBHO MepTBaa cjaBaH-
') „HfcaoTopEia JHTepaTypeHA hobccth yse n saneiaTajB bb „Moca. Bíctbhvb",
— orsHBaeTCfl KenneBi npejB TUaíjxipHKOMi. bb aaBapfc 1827 r. (Orryaa se).
*) EoipoÓHocTH y BapcyKOBa, Horo^HHi, III, 126—127. Hsi Mockbh yae Kyxap-
ciift HaBpaBjwwcji bt> HeTepóyprb h BapmaBy, rrt opexnoiaraiocB oceoBaeie cj&imih-
CKaro nyaeii. (Cp. „Caeraperb h ero AneBHHaV, Cn6. 1871, 194). Ho cjOBam mo-
ciOBCsaro atypHaia, noibcsift cjiaBHcrb Busesi hbi HepHoropie 6ojii>raoe co6paHÍe Ba-
poABHzi niceHi. Ho Tasí ih? Moři ih Kyxapcaift caMi aanHCHBaTB cepócsifl nicHD?
Ki Tony se h napo^B nepHoropcsifi 6iwb Torxa cobcími iBKapein.. Gp. coóhtía npn
CMepTR Oerpa I Htroraa m> KHHrt JaBpooa: „IleTpt II HtronrB" (M. 1887), 22, ci.
He 6aia jih oto npocTo soom niceHi H3i coópamfl ESVBCTBaro cep6caaro nodTa h y?e-
Haro cKETaima, MiuyTHHOBH^a (oho óhjio nsiaHO bt. 1833, vb JlefinuerB), ROTOpufi
BneHBO cb 1827 r. no 1832 npeÓHBajTB fb ^epHoropin bb aa^iecTBt MHTponoJiH^BAro
ceipeTapfl e npHXBopHaro nexarora. 06b 3tomb saniqaTejiBHOMB cep6i Banajra XIX
ctoj., ero pasBootipaaHOfl A^TejBHocTH^ cm. pa^B CTaieft bb BOBOcaxcsoMB sypaajii
8 JeTonBC saTBue cpncsoj", 1892.
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172 BftCTHHKB EBPOIIU.
CRaa KaeeApa raepMOBa roTOBa Óbija ocrfsHTtcfl qpesi OTRpurie
npH Heft cneo,iajbeoft KaeeApu noJbCROft jiaTepaTypu u bi coneQ-
HHieCTBO CT» BUSHBafOQtHMl FaBpiUOBEIlťfc TOTOBl ČELIT* BSCTyQHTb
na HOByřO MOCKOBCKyK) saeeapy cairb BAOXHOBeHHtifi Mm^KeBHqt
(owb cayaajrb Tor^a bt> RaHuejapiB renepairb-rytfepHaTopa, bb. #. B.
ro^aiíuea).
[kasa* b* pockocqh mocrobcroě jkbshb, eme A<>6pOAyniHH& ,
MHn.KeBHqi), bi> Mat 1828 roja necajii b* OpeHtiyprc CBoeify cy-
, poBOMy Apyry, ^aHaTaay 3aHy (soTopuS totobi Óhjtb npoRiacTb ero
sa ofimeeie cb „MoatfaTaMa", T.-e. pyccRHua): „Yqy no nojbCRH
eÍKOTOpLixx xaMi. Boo6m,e, Meoro yqaica sa^cb no-nojibCRB a no-
neiaTeab, kb. Tojihiiuhi, noAywHBaera ofo ocnoBama noAbCKOů
xaoedpu b% yHBBepcHTerfc. JI moto 6lí ee AaBHO nojiyquTb, ho, He
AyMaa ocraBaxbca bi Mocrbíj, ot.ioxh.it> bt> cropoay ototb bo-
npoc& a l ).
CTpeMjeHie BiiBecTH npenojjaBame Tasx HasuBaBineftca poccift-
CKOft CJOBeCHOCTH B3X BSCBTHXt TpaAH^OHHUXl paidOKT, pHT0pH8Ma
Ha hobuí nyTB Hacroameft nayRH BecsMa pejbe^eo csasasocs bi>
TpeĎOBaHiaxi, ROTOpua npeAMBaa* mockobckíř yHHBepcHTen>, qocj*
CMepTH H3BtcTHaro bbtíb - npo<f>eccopa Mep3jaROBa, orb coacRa-
Tejifl ero RaeeApu o ROTOpua Óbmb npoABRTOBaHti yMHtiMi Kaie-
hobcrbmi. 9tbmt» „opaRyjioirb yHHBepcBTercRofc MOJOAeaH a , no cio-
BaM*L CTapHRa ^MBTpieBa, b* 1820 roAy *), TpeóOBaaocb He tojh>ro
nayiHoe SHame pyccRoft AiaaeRTOJoriB, b* ea rjiaBHux^ npeAcra-
BHTe.iaxii, ho a 3Hame BcropBRo-cpaBHBTeabHOft rpaMMaTBRH aia-
BflBCKHXT, 23UR0BX. Bl OTOlfb BOHpOCfc Ka^eHOBCRÍft UÍGJl% OÓ* pyRy
cl CBOHMt atypHajibHUMX fiparoifb, IIojjeBfiiirb, ROTopíift bt> „Mocr.
Te.ierpa(J)4 a nocroaHHO roBopajb o HeoóxoAHMOCTH sbboxx cia-
BflHCKexx ABbiKOBx am Baywofi rpaMMaraRa pyccRaro asbjRa. Ta-
') Cbmielowski P., „Ad. Mickiewicz", I, 418. ^tficrBHTejbHO, vl 1829 r. itooui>
MHHAeBBii <5hit» y«e vl Upari, rA* ranaa yroBoporb ero HanncaTB nodMy ^JKHXKa a
— hsi HemcKoft HCTopin. Dosna 6ma HanacaHa, ho saTepmacB („Bibliotéka War-
ezawska", pazdzieroik, 45; cp. „Korrespondencyja Mickiewicza", wyd. 4, t. III, 117).
Bi 1830 r. MimiteBHTb wb repMaeiH, rx*b kb. 3hh. BojiKOHcsafl, HCTopHiecsaa mock*
BHHsa, npHrjacHja MHiuesi^a bi Phmt. h nocejiHTBca np^MO y ceóa bo XBopitt Fe-
rucci, rx*B juui h líIeBHpeBi, y^BTeiB caea. y pyccsaro nocja fb Phm-b, ra rapa Ha,
Ohi nosHaaorniJca ct Ai. TypreHeBHm, Bpdjobhmi. (Cp. Odyniec, Listy z podróžy, I,
pass.). Kak-b hh TpeBOSHa cy^BÓa nojucKaro nodTa 6aia ooaxe, ho Hiaoropae OTro-
iockh mockobc&hxi MH^Hift, Hanp., upouBTÍe 3anajiy, ero raHioft i^HBHJH3anÍH, á la
CJaMHo4)HJH h TorojB, cjhuhhh laae bt> „KHHraxi CTpaHmraecTBa noitCKaro", rxi
OHtTonqert vb rpaBB naysy h B;HBHjiH3aaJD 3anaxa, laKi nosoDmyDca Ha npeuoHeHÍH
npexi HHXHBHxyaJBHiorB pasyMom h aroHCTH^ecKOMi HHTepect. JId^odhtho 6b npo-
C1ŽXRTB CBH3B M6SAy HOlHTH^eCKBMB yieHÍeiTL PorOJM H MeCCÍaHH3MOMT> MHI^KeBHía.
2 ) Bi hhcbmí ki A. H. TypreHeBy, Mapn» 1820.
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rPA*x c. r. CTPoroHOBi. 17 S
KHiii otfpasOHi, BJiiaeie $opMBpyK>nieBca .aBHrBBCTBiecROfi HayKH
Ha 3anaji bi BCTopnqecROirb HanpaBjeHÍH npoaBMJiocb saM*TBO b*
Mockbí. 3a4ci> He 6eijo apenti km neTepfiyprcRBxt TojraaieBHXi.
Toraa 2se h nepBue 6yAyn*ie CJaBaeo^ejiu craJB no#bfe«aTb bi>
MocRBy H3i cbobxi ne pB ti xx, poÓKHxx nyTemeCTBÍB no seiuairb
aBcrpificKHXX caaBAHi (Xom^kobi, KupieBCKiň) x ), cl híkotopuatb
sanacoMx shblixi crájeHift b »bbuxt>, hobhxi HHTepecoBi.
Bx BHxy dToro saMfrrnaro nojieMa cepsesHaro eiaBesiia bt>
yHHBepcuTerfe noBaieHX otbítb mojokopo IHeBíjpeBa, sBBmaro Tor^a
bi HiajiH, cBoeidy apyry HoroABHy, He npHBusmeMy eme c^b-
TancB cb ycaOBÚMB HOBaro Teiema, ea piunaTejibHHft npBsuBi
ero — ĎpaTL Raeeapy bi> Mockbí no CMepTB MepasaROBa. „<fl eme
mojioax, — tfjiaropasyMHO nBcajrB Tor^a HleBupeBi. — TpeÓoBama yBe-
jBqHjHCb cb bíkoitb. Mh6 Haxo cocpejOTOOTTbca, nponacTb npo-
lem, ...irfuii& roAt HBq*Mi He saHaifaTbca, Kaši pyccRaiti, brik>-
ihbt, ciOAa b ciaBAHCKoe co bcímh HapiqiflMH h Hcropieft" *).
IloflBJíeHie BapnaTO-poca BeHejiBHa asi BeHrpia Ha mocrobcromi
ropH30HTfe, nejiOBtKa wb h8b*ctho6 Mipi TaiaHTJBBaro, ho eeoóys-
MHHaro, 6e8i hikojiii yqenaro, CHaiaJia (1823 — 25) npnaptaHaro
vh KemHBeBi 06pa8OBaHHUMi peRTopoire RpaHeera HecfepoBB-
leift (tt6 nosse híckojbeo BCTopaiecRifi apxiepeft HpRyrcRift),
noroiTB MeABDiBBCBaro CTyAOHTa bt> Mockb* y JIoAepa, noAtfaBBJO
ciaBaHCKifi HHTepecL. IIo upasHaHÍK) caMoro DoroAssa, SBaKOMCTBO
ero Ch BeHejiBHuirb MHoro coaMctbobuo ero jmoÓbh rx coaBa-
Hain» T b bi sHaKi npasHaTeJbHOCTB Ohi Bdxajix Ha CBofi ciera ero
KHHry o fojrapaxi, vjjh b ckboh, b ryflHU ofoaBjíajHCb ciaBaHanB —
mHmKOBB3MT> B*b HOBOfi BCTOpB^eCROfi oďjuictb; — ho BHHra BeBej!aea
BcrptTBja yMHuB omopx co croponu Tpe3Baro KaieHOBCRaro, bt>
yxacy HawTeJia. „HanacaTb crpaHB<iRy, — OTBfcqajr* IIoroABHi,— Cb
nonuiJMB HacMÍmKaMB oieHb jierRo; ho načaTb TaRia BacirtoiBB
npEJiiraHO TOJbKO Tejerpa^y, a He npo$eccopy* 3 ). 06BA$Bmiflca
8a6H-rb TOAbRO, *to HayRa BesA* OAHa.
Ho noaRieme BeHejBHa pacmeBeJiaJio caaBHBMi He bx oahoA
Mockbí: sameBejiajca b nianiROBi cb CBOeft PocciftcRoft AsaxeMieft.
*) Cp. P. ApxHvi, 1882, VI, 146. Kojdiuhobi, MaiepiaiH na 6iorpa4>ÍH A. H.
RoneieBa, passim.
*) BapcyKOBi, UoroxHFB, III, 176.
a ) Taní se, ni, 108, 112. GTpaHHO icrpiiarB HHorxa n coipeiieHHoft pyccaoft
nrepaTypi aasie-TO nxanv, tto pyccaie y^eeue vb cboo ipeifn Maio ouíhhih „reni-
uwaro" (1!) BeHeiHHa, ho eme CTpaHaie BcrpinaTB HeBOSMoaeoe wa leioFBKa ct
BayiHmrb o^paaoBaHiem conocTasjeHie BeHejHHa h ma^apBia h npexno^Teme nep-
Báro nocjrBjHeMy.
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174 BftOTHHTO EBPOmi.
Do npe^CTaMemK) ero, Benemwb 6ujn> Bucoqaftme RoifaHABpoBara
kt> pyMLinaMx h (tairapairB am MTbcmnuxz Hsyqemft, am cocraB-
jieHifl CojirapcKaro caoBapn, rpaiíMaTHRH h np. JlacROBO npnHflTti&
HThidkobíjm^, BOCTopseHHufl ero „orpoMHHMi cbhtroitb cb Óes-
ROHe^HOft bítbsh) KopHfl *p, tp a op", BeHGJiHHi noca.TL IIOFOAHHy:
„npe»Ae TOJKOBajH o bhsobí Hla^apeica, TaHRH h ?ejaROBCRaro;
nocjrfc ptraeHO npHCTynHTB ki, MoeMy A^y. Ki MoeMy npoeKTy
npnÓaBHTB He HanuH HHqero, Rpoiťb XirjiaHAapa 11 1 ).
YqeHuft pe3yjbTarB ora (SoarapcRoft noi&Ara BeHeJHHa Ósat
He BejiHKx, Rorw ocentH) 1831 row ob* BOSBpaToca b*b MocRBy:
HÍCROJIBRO HeBaaBHUXTi rpaMOTB, AypHO HlťB n03Se H3AaHHUX1>, h4-
CKOJbKO ničem,. KoHeqHO, bčukho npesHame BeHeJHHa, ito BosaH-
•rifiitfi — „Óoramfi HCTOIHBR-B, 6e3* HBXl He o6oftTHCb a . Ho BH-
Hrpumi cepbesHuft 6uji% óojrbe MopajBHHĚ— SoBoe ocBiaeHie cia-
BflHCRofi CTpyn b*b Mocrb$, a cairt ÓojirapcRift nyTemeciBeHHHRi
(roBopn dporo, e^Ba noeíoxaBiniů Boarapiu) chu-b HaMiqaTbca,
RaRi> RaHABAaTi Ha cjaBaHCRyio RaeeApy bi yHHBepcHTerfc.
Eorxa noejrfj ocBteHTejBHoft peBHsin yHHBepcirreTa YBapoBUirB
(oceHbK) 1832 r.) cepoTCTBOBaBrnafl RaeeApa MepsMROBa 6uja sa-
HflTa, no npnrjiaraeBiio caMoro MHHHCTpa, DleBBipeBLiMx, IIorojHffB,
ABa rO£a xjionoTaBinift o CBOeiďB Apyrt h Aocrarmift, HaKOBen,i»,
CBoero, ocraHaBJíHBaeTCfl TenepB Ha CBoeMt ciaMHCROMi HacraB-
hhr4: „TenepB, — namera oh-b, — npncrpoHTB <5u BeHejnea, ctojb Hy»-
Haro jujiz ciaBaHCRHXi Hapimft!" Ho ecM Aase fopaift DoroAHHt
H BMÍUTB ptqb 06l. HMHpOBHSBpOBaHHOM-B OiaBHCrfi CB YBapOBHirB,
ero npeflCTaTejibCTBO aojhrho 6íjjo bctpíthtl Bospaseme co cto-
poBti KaneHOBcaaro, KooeqHO, Tor^a exHHCTBeHHaro cyxin bi CJia-
bahcrhxb Bonpocaxx, RaRi h Boo6m,e eAHHCTBeHHaro aBTopaTeTa.
J^a h homhmo BToro, eeyMierHO 6hjo cepBe3H0 noAHHMaTB Bonpoct
o cjyqaftBuxi npaBaxx cjyqafiHaro RaHAHAaTa, cb oÓpasoBameifB
.aljRapa, Ror^a craM HasiiBaTB, xota h co dopoHLi, RaH^HAaTypy
snaMeHHTaro h HecqacTieMt cbohm-b, HeyAauHBaro HIa$apiaRa.
lípu npexnojiaraBmeMCfl bx 20-x*b ro^axi yqpe»AenÍH c^aBAH-
CRofi RaeeApu no bc£mi yHHBepcHTeTaMX bb MEHaerepcTBO Utani-
KOBa, HMeHHO Dla^apHRTb npeAHasHaqajica wa Mocrbh. H nooa-6
! ) TaMt se, IH, 113—118. Cp. onipoBeHHefi OTnen, o óoirapcKOMi, nyreinecTBÍH,
o TpjxBocTazi h Heyxanaxi, bi necbirfe BeeeJHea si HSBicTeoiiy Óoirapcsoiiy A^a-
TeiD fl O^ecci, AnpHJOBy, orb 1835 ro*a, fb aypHaji 6ojrapcsaro MHHHCTepcTBa Ha*
po^aaro DpocstmeHia— „CtfopiHKb*, t. I, 1889. Do coo6pa«eaÍH HtKOTopBiii, oócroa*
TejbCTBi ciixyerb, naaerca. íynaTb, hto noBTOpesmift nepesb 10 itrt nyremecTBie Bb
BoirapÍD f h nyTemecTBie HacToamee, BHaMeraTbifi rparopoBE^b hiteji m> pysaxb aro
iracbMO BenejHHa si AnpaaoBy. rparopoBH^b Ha^aib CBoe nyremecTBie H3b O^eccu.
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rpkvb c. r. OTPoroHOBi. 175
Biopoft HeyxaiH OHinROBa — cl „ciaBAHCRHMH ÓHÓjrioTeKapana" npa
PocciBcRofi Aua^míh — IIIaÝapHKX, shbihí& vb BeHrepcKOMX aaxo-
jycTBt, bi CBoeMi> y6oroMi» Hobom-l Ca*$ (Neusatz), h miero He
8eaBmift o cyabtfíi BToporo npoeRia, AOJro eme npoAOJsaix cw-
Tan» cefia Ha cayxót b* Poccíh, noRa He BCKptuacb h nepejt
hhitb KapTHHa fli§CTBHTeatHOCTH: a ohi> 6lijo „bx Mase^omio h
Ha Aoocb HaM*peBaera a , Rasi nncaxb TaHica bi neTeptiypra
Torja se Ha CBoera, raHROBCRora, pyccBOirB asukí. Tasejoe Chjio
au nia^apnica npo6y»AeHÍe on, cjiaARHXx rperaL Hen^ifi, ohx
nepeónpajca Tenept bi> Ilpary Ha Ty se HHmeHCRyio shshb. Gira-
BflHCRie yqeHHe, roptRO cfeTOBara h nosse (SÍAHuft KenneHi, yBH-
X^jib ce6a cROMnpoMeTTHpoBaHHUMH nepeA* cbohmi npaBtrreJbCTBOMx,
a HaMH ocTaBjeHLi Cesi BCflRaro .BHBMaiu 1 ).
CpexH nocTOAHHHxi HeyAan-B ma$apHRi, ecrecTBeHHO, ocTaoa-
BiHBajicfl miicjbk) Ha repMamH: h, RaR% jnorepaHHHy, eiiyHe (Siuo
Mtcra Ha rocyxapcTBeHHofi ciysó* b-l RamiHqecRoft Abctpíh, Cjyxx
o0b dTOirs CRopo AomejrL ao BapmaBEi h orryxa apyra HoroAHHa,
MyxaHora, cl ynpeKOin. nnmerb eiiy: „IIIa$apHRa nper^amaiorE
bi BpeciaBJb am 8aBaTÍa yipesAaeMoft Tain. RaeeApa cjaBAHCRofi
mepaiypa. Kakobo? Bt> Dpyccie saBO^arB Raeeapy A*a cxaBfl-
BH8Ma, n BepjHH^ Taase HmyTL npo$eccopa. ^to se y Bací
noApeMJHBatorb? JRajib, q-ro He bi> Mocrb£ ijbíth cjaBaHmeHu". Ho
ipesi hícrojbro MicaijeBx, BecHoft 1833 roxa, MyxaHOBi yse
npflMO yRasuBaeťb, mtí) A$aaTL: bitícto Opare HanpaBHTb ma$a-
pHRa vb MocKBy. „He xygo 6h ma<f>apHRa nepeTam,HTb bi, MocRBy",
— HHnerB owb noroxHHy: — no ero necbMy ABCTByero, íto ohi BecbMa
oÓeaRypaaeH-b* 2 ).
Ho npexjoseme MyxaHOBa, Raní bhaho hrb Bcero, xoxa He
nojyHejo. HoroxHffB ynopHO jeA&fljrL cboeo iiewy — yspinaTb Ran-
MuaTypy BeHeJHHa. BapmaBCRoe BirimaTejbCTBO jam* oiTflHyjo
Bonpocb o BeHejHHÍ Ha roA*, ao bochei 1834 roAa, Roraa cobítl
MOCROBCRaro yHHBepcHTeTa oeraHOBHJCfl, HanoHeivB, Ha mbicjh Horo*
XBHa H pifflHJTL — BCnUTaTb BeHeJHHa, HaCROJBRO Offb MOPb 6u
6btb yxofen* Ha cnaBAHCROfi KaeeAP* raBpwoBa, coofipasHO cl
TpefíoBaHMMH coBpeMeHHofi HayKH. IIpeABapHTaibHO se BeHejiHHi
M 9 Die au8w&rtígen Gelehrten (die aicb bei ibren Begiernngen compromittirt
tahen)— worden nicht weiter berúcksichtigt". (H» 6jwm KenneHa, bi Hamera
BopT<J>erb).
*) BapcysoB*, UorojHHi, IV, 87, 42, 170. HM^eTca vb bbxj bhcliio Kb hbbíct-
HOHy nojbCBOMy ciaBBBHCTy-DpHCTy B. ManífiBCKOMy KOToparo ma^apBm yBaatajii,,
UBl TOJOB&Ba, ZOTB H H6 BHCOKO H^BHJl, BABI yHOHaiO. O DUCBlli, o HaMftpeHÍB no-
cenncB b* repiiaBiH— cm. Hamy BHHry: „HanajibHHe roAH a , CTp. 818.
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17G BfcCTHHKB EBPOIBl.
npeACTaBH.ii> bi, fy&zyjibTerb cboío pyKonacHyto rpaififaTHRy 6ojirap-
csaro fl3HKa, KOTopaa Haft^ena „sacnyaRUBaromeio BHHBiaeia*, ho —
K*Mi)? — IIpoýeccopoM-B ^aBřWBHMi. fiaieHOBCRÍft, oqeBHAHO, ycrpa-
Hocfl; obtb hmíjtb yaRe CBoft BsmKb, KaKi» Ha BeHejiHBa, Tasí h
Ha npoTeKTopa, Dorovná.
„Ho npenopyneHÍK) coBfcra yoHBepcHTeTa hm$eo qecTB, — necara
BeHe.iHHy ceKpexapb coBliTa, npo$. HajteatAHRB, — yBÍAOMim> Bací,
?to oht» onpeffbaemeMi obohať* otb 2 cero Maa no.ioaajix: npea-
jioshtb BaMi cocTaBHTB KOHcneKrB npenoAaBama cJiaBAHCKaro asuKa
jiHTepaTypu Bootfme h npeflcraBHTB bi ciOBecHoe OTjiueHie Ha
paacMOTpiBie, soTOpoe nojyiHB?. npeacTaBHťb o Hern coB^Ty CBoe
MHÍHÍe B (orb 21 mm).
Bt otbítb Ha sejiaHie coBfrra, BHpaateHHoe aobojbho onpefffc-
jeHHo — b*b TpefiyeMOBfL KOHcneKrfc orpaHHiHTBca sa^anaMH npeno-
AaBaaia asurca h jnrrepaTypH cjaBaHi, Beee.iHei, npejCTaBejii MHoro-
piqHBuS TpaKTarL (29 jhctobi), b% ROTopoiii ohi, BtpHHfi ceftfe —
HenocjiÍAOBaTejibHufi, noBxopaioiniftca, sacanaiomift coócTBeHHUMH
HMCHaifH, Cb BHiypHUMX aSHROlťfc, — rOBOpHTB O&b HCTOpÍH B3y?eHÍa
ApeBHoexefi Bootfnje h cjiaBaHCRHxi bi. tocthocth, ho asyieHÍa esa-
6aro> oÓpHBHcraro, qacTHiHaro, h o bosmoshocth, npn ycJOBÍH npe#Ba-
pnTejiLHaro npaBHJiBHaro xow (JrajiojiorHqecRHXfc saHajift Haax asu-
kom-l — 8thmi „Myseeiflb, h tforaritóniHMi" jm BOCRpemeeia CTa-
pnHLi — „Rypca cHCTeMaTH^ecKOft, BceoÓmeft cjaMHCKoft <J>HJiojorÍH h
apxeojioriH a , HeoCxofleiioerH ciaBAHCRoft Raoeapii. Tojlro b* sa&ffio-
qeein npe^JioseHa cyxaa nporpaMMa nopaAfta otiodpfeflia csaBHHCRHXK
íshrobi, ea^BHaa ci (SojirapcRaro, ho nponycRaa asiiR* n,epKOBHO-
CjaBaecKifi, sa to OTjtfuiafl cep6cRÍft asuRi otl „RpoaTO-aajMaTHe-
CRaro" , Aajiie, otiosplima caaBaHCRHXi jHTepaTyp* bi paGcRom no-
BTopenÍH H3BÍCToofi RHHrH IIIa$apHRa 1826 roAa, h HaKOHen.x #6-
jaeTCfl yRasame, bi flByxx-Tpexi ciOBaxi, o xapaicrepft Bypca ca-
mhx-l ApeBHOCTeft („OTBomeHÍa AOMaraHefl, otfmecTBeHHOfi h parooft
shshh no HCTopHHecKOMy pyROBOjCTBy (!) Prawodawstw Maitf&B-
CKaro, cl coóCTBeBHUMH nono.iBemflMe; Meeojoria h xyaosecTBeH-
Hiia (!) npoH3BeAesifl ? opu hocoÓíh pasHuxi MOHorpa^iS no co6-
CTBeHHUMi sanHCBam*) x ).
Be3cnopBO, BOHcnesrB BeHe^naa CBH#&TejiBCTBOBajrB 06% hsbíct-
hoS HaqeTaHHOCTH jioÓosHaTaiBHaro aBTopa vb HCTopnHecRHXi Tpy-
Aaxx, o 3BaKOMCTB4 ero cb xoaomt, HOBÍ&mefi HayRHHa 3anaAÍno
fl3HRy (obtb 3HaerL TpyAH flsoHca, DLierejia), Booón^e, o Hejio-
shhhocth ero Haiypu. Mu He Moateirt He npHBecTH ero saaiiraa-
*) 3th óyMarn, bi koeíh, vt Hameirt nopujeji*.
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• rPA<F& c. r. CTPoroBOBt. 177
i
TeJbHHXt, KB BH^y BpeMeHH, MHCJiefi O SHaieHÍH »8HKa ajh Hcropia
— tfja „BOCRpemenia yconmaro o6me<rrBa a , roBopa ero sshkomi,
MucJieň, KOTopua TOJibKO nocďS Tpy^OBi Afl. Kyaa, DuKTe ^pyrnxi
sanaAHuxi naaeoHToaoroBi asusa, T.-e. cnycia 30 jíti, CAiaa-
IBCB npOOHCHLIMH HCTHHaifH HajKB. „JtafilBl OTHOCHTeJTbHO Kt ApeBHO-
craiťB, — roBopeai BeHeaHHi, — upeAcraBJíaerb caMi cotforo oahhx hb*
6ouwmúiuuxd Myseeez, bx botophxx BecbMa MHoroe nepexo^Hrb
Hřrt crapneu, orb npaomeBx, kb OTAaaeHHMmee hotomctbo. Grito-
CTBeHHO, no3Haeie astiKa haa $Haojroria cocTaBaaeTb 3Ha?HTeabHyio
qacTb Rypca ApeBHOCTefi, h(5o hhhto Tasí ijfcjibHO h Tasí Aoaro-
BpeMeeHO ee coxpaHaeTca, Bára caobo bx ycraxx neJiOB^Ka, íwwo,
fca^í fcyiodíj saerbUUaunuú humz omdaMHHfbůwuMU npednaMu" . Bx
ApyroBťB m4ct4 BeHeaHHb csrkao npoTHBonoaaraerb #aHHua asiisa
HCTopiiqecBHiťB CBHAÍTeJbCTBaMi,: „HÍTb Heo6xo^HMOCTH HCítaTb sa
rpaHHijeio caasaHCBaro 6biTa h bc£ spacaa ero HapojHoft jbhbhh;
OHa ALimeTB, paajKlraHBaeTca, wb ero astre*, Kaní bx (JoraToiix
aiitfapfe, b*b kotopomx apxeoaoria Hafi^erB #aa ce6a AoCTaToiHyio
naray".
EABa jh mosho ocaapaBara, vro BeHejHHi hmíjjix bx Bnxy
ÓjecayTb CBoev) yqeHOCTbio npe^x mocbobcbhmx apeonaroiro, xoTa
no ajpecy ero ee ynycTeai nocaaTb npaMO ROiuuHMeHTx, hto
„nopaxo^Hoe cocroaHie pyccsoft $HJO.aorÍH h apxeo.iorÍH BcaaoMy
aobojbho bsbíctho" , ho 98a ycnfcxx Hx* mu oóasaBu #o6pOBOab~
mim TpyAaMx rocnojx npoýeccopoBx pyccBoft HCTopia h caOBec-
hocth*. Ho ecJHÓu aanAHAarb IIoroAHHa bmícto bthxx híeeuxt>
(íjgcToiťB, ÓjecTamHXt Mucjeft otaíjibhbixi, bh* cnopa, npnHoca-
maxx eMy qecTB, Cb BHHMameifb ocraHOBHaca Ha tomx, ytď Tpe-
6oBaai ort Hero cobítx yHHBepcwreTa — Ha uporpaMiaí asusa h
mepaTypii caaBaHx, to kb pesyabTarfc 6uit> 6u aaa Hero aniHiift
BHHrpunrb. Ho 9Toro-TO owl ne c^ajix, e He bi coctoabíh óijjii,
CAtaaTb, noTOMy ^to kx Hays$, kt> nocjÍAOBaiejbHOMy npeno^a-
Bamio, offb, caaBaHCBift AoópoBOJien.x, ecrecrBeHHO, no^roTOBjeHi
He 6ujrbj h BpynHiJMH npoMaxaMH oÓHapysoro cjihhikomx ocasa-
TeiBHO cbok) HenpaBOcnocoÓeocTb ^a saHaiia saeeApBi.
Bb caMOMx xhxh, b% Ty anoxy, sor^a 6asa caaBaHCBaro asuKO-
H3artAOBaBÍa aan, no BeHaaray, o6mefi caaBaHcaofi (fiHJOJiorie,
aauKx i^epBOBHO-caaBaHCRÍfi yse H3x aHaaHTHiecRofi, MaTepiaabHofi
msoau ^oÓpoBcaaro BcrynHJTb BnepBue bi> cTa^iio BayqHaro, hcto-
pa^eesaro Bsy^ema, ÓJiaroAapa HiieHHO pyccBHiťb TpyxaMi saaMe-
Hirraro BocroBOBa (h Tose aBTOAHAaKTa), Kast paši o&b btomx
i^epBOBHO-caaBaHCBoiťb ssukí h noMHHy hítl bx nporpaifMŠ Be-
HejHHa. Oh% onymeHX, h npenoAaBaBie OTBpiiBaeTca cb asuBa —
Tom IV.— Ido, 1896. 12
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178 BfcCTHHKB fiBPOUH.
HOBOÓOJrapcEaro, bsi cjaHiHCKHXi — (kurte apyraxi SHaROMaro
aBTopy. Cobcími HecooópasHOCTB! *) 9th KpynHiie ne^oiera — Ma-
TepiajBHufi b MeroAOJorH^ecRift — HeABycMHeieHHO yRasuBajur, tto
aBTopx npn CBoefl HaHHTaHHOCTH h jh>6bb kb sajtaiaira HayRH,
tojjbro JMOĎHTejiB, (Ses* ^HJioJiorHHecKaro otipasoBam*, xoth o <f>MO-
joriH h noBi^aji^ MHoro, a rjiaBHoe — Ceai rpbtbrb, hto nporpamia
ero, npn HaHjyqniBxi ycjOBiaxi, Morjia wtb eMy npaBO HCsaTB
3BaHÍe jeKTopa »bbhx% c jiaBflHCRHX 1 * jkbirobi. O&b oTcyTCTBÍH noj-
roTOBKH roBopBJBCB h xapaRTepx nporpaMMH: bto — oabhb nepe^eHB
ashrobi, 6ean> Bcasaro y Kasárna CHCTenu h npieMOBX npenoxaBamji.
OcyTCTBie caMOCToaTejiBHocTH, jra?Haro sHaROMCTBa cb npejMeroirB
AORasBiBajnocB h HCTopHKO-JiHTepaTypHoio qacTbio % nporpaMMii.
CnocoÓBHft aBTOABWKTB, qflTaBmifi ea CBoewb vbxy MHoro oto
Bcero, mopb 6htb ropjraBMi nyĎJiHijBCTOM*, b to cl npeoĎJiajaHieM-B
qyBCTBa, ho Ha Raeeapy cepBesHO He ro^BJíca.
TaKBM^ ofipasoMx nocjii jiH<raaro, He b*b cbok> nojnsy, sacBH-
A^TeJIBCTBOBaHifl OflHHl TOJBBO OTBÍTL B BOSMOJBeHT* ĎHJPB CO CTO-
poHu coÓJiaBHeHHaro bmt> yHBBepCHTeTa — 0TpBijaTejiBHEi8: HCRycB
6bjjtb ne fb nojiBsy BaH^aTa IIoroABHa. He saÓyxeMi, q-ro bo
Tx&wh yHBBepcBieTa ctobjtb TOiyia HcnHTaHHHfi RpBTB?ecRÍft yM* —
KaqeeoBCKifi, He nocjrítaHifi b bt» Hayiťfe cjaBflHCROfi. RaieHOBCRifi, h
noMHMO CBoero AaBraro orpHi^aT&iBHaro OTHomeHifi kb BeeejHHy h
ero ^ABTaerBHecRBMi npieMaMx, wb BBjty npexcraBJíeHHaro otbÍte
Ha sanpocB yHBBepcBTeTa, mopb peROMeHAOBaTB coróty oaho — npofrra
mbmo. RoneiHO, BHa^e AOiseEnb Obiji oraecTHCB wb TOMy se xtay
IIoroABHi. Bijih owb cepBesHO ynpeRaJi vb rpytfoft OTCTaaocrH cBOft
yHHBepcHTeTB, Ror.ua b-b 1835 roay, m> Óhthoctb cboio b% Ilerep-
6yprf», nosHaROMBJíCfl cb ocjrfrcHyBinHMi yse DLaniROBiiMi, ho fle
nepecTaBmBMi bosbtbcb cb CBoefi erapoft 9TBMOJoriefi. JI, — na-
merB HoroAHHi peaaR-ropy „Mocrobcr. HaCarojaTeM" ,T-yBBA*jrB y
niBinROBa odbit-b iipoBSBOjraaro cjiOBapa. Rb ero Roprax*, crBOJiaxx
b BÍTBaxi ecTB MHoro rjyfioRaro b HOBaro, a mu ez Mocněti u
ne anoAu ofo mm* nuveiol" 2 ).
BeHeJiHHi, 6&vb snamsL npBHi^nOBi HayRH, noyqaen,; IIoro^BH^,
ero npoTeRTOpi, c% cbobmb BeTXOsaB^THtiMB B^eaMB 06% Bstrafc,
xaRase cmíjio oÓJH^aerB xšaTejieft HSBicTHaro nopa^Ra bi CBoeM%
yHHBepcBTeT*, a Mesxy tími otb atflTeJH, ROHewo, HeMHorie, bi
l ) iDÓOIIHTHO BCDOMHHTB, TO) 611(6 Kb XVIII CTOJ. H3BÍCTHnft M0CK0BCEÍ1 npO-
(Jjeccopi BapcoBi yuajn., ^to i^epKOBHo-cjtaaaHCKift ashki — „hcto^bhki, iraonaii* He-
H3BÍCTH6UÍ HIH np€3Hpaeimft, MHOrO H306HJbHte IipeX1» UOBiflmHMH, ífitCTO He B6CBlia
hhcthmh noTOKanH a . (DHnMHt, Her. pyc. 8TH0rp^ I, 92).
») BapcyiOBi, noroxnHi, IV, 268.
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rpA**B c. r. CTPoroHOBx. 179
CBoeirb noHHMaeiH coBpeMeHHOft sana^Hoft HayRH (bo rjaró 0x1 —
KaiéHOBCKÍĚ) CTOBJH Vb ypOBeHB CB Jiy^fflHMH yMaMH, H 9Ta BlICOTa
uu HayRH, OTTOTMBoe noHHMame crporaxi, He-^peBOJBHuxi Tpe-
ÓOBaHift HayRH, oÓHapy&HBajrocB Ha Ra&xoirB máry hxx xiaTeJB-
hocth no yHHBepCHTeTy bt> pascuaTpeBaeMoe BpeMa.
QpejťB HaMH npexH>tfonuTHafl RHH&eiRa: „IIporpaifMu rnííHasH-
qeocaro Rypca xxa Bcranama sejiaionjHxi nocrynHTB m> hhh.
hocrobcríH yHHBepcHTeTB", MocRBa, 1835. OHa HSAaHa otb coB^Ta:
i^eHsypHóe ojoópeme ero, sa hoauhcbio ceRpeTapa, op*. npo$. H%-
lemAHHa, ci qoitItoh) 1 napia 1835 r. YHHBepcHTerB rx cbohmx
Ďy^ymaiTB DHTOMltairB HO HCTOpÍH pyCCROft CJIOBeCHOCTH npeXMBJIflJIl
TpeÓOBama, crporíft HayiHHft xapaitTepi KOTopux* h tfojr&e, *&btb
qpe3i» noji-cmifrriii, nopasaen mcb: TaRi npeRpacHa 6tua bx
b3b4cthoiít> Rpyry ero qjenoBi HayiHaa amoc^epa, h Bootfme
Mocrbh yase b* to Bpeira...
Botb 8th TpeÓOBama: „Ilocoťfia jm HcropiH OTeqeerBeHHaro
asiiRa. KaRia hbbšcthh CJraBAHCRia Hapfcqia?
1. H3BÍCTÍA O ApeBHeft CJIOBeCHOCTH.
noRasaTB BOcro^HyK) OTpaciB cjiaBHHCRHXi Hapfriifi.
noRasaTL sanaAHyK) OTpacjB ciaBHHCRHX* HapMft.
TjiaBHlftmifl OTjHqia bocto?ho& h sananaoft OTpacjH ciaBAH-
ckhxi Hapiraift.
MeiHia o cxoactb* ijepROBHaro asmta cb apyniMH HSURaifH
CiaBaHCRHMH...*
Rorxa bi tomx se 1835 rojy norojHHt nocferajrB Ilpary, to
npa sHaKOMCTB* cb bsbícthumt, ^emcRem nodTOifB-nytfiiHijHCTOifB,
.jHcuifB 11 RojMapoire, Ha npHBtrB - ynpeK-L ero: „RaKt BaiťB
(T.-e. pyccRHMi) He cth^ho He samiMaTBca cjiaBAHCRHMH Hapft-
tohh?" — oh*b Bt coctoahíh 6u.it> otb^totb oaho: „TenepB yqpes-
WBDTca oco6ua Raeexpu nia npenojaBama cJiaBaBCKHxx Hapireift
bi eaniHxi yHHBepcHTeTaxi" *). IIoroAHHi, otobhaho, He sHajii,
sto HHeHHO bi ero yHHBepcHTert caaBaHCKia Hap4<ria y»e nepe-
cteih 6utb KHBroro sa C6mbk> neHaraifH, tto BsrjuiffB Ha mxi,
san Ha nocryjarB HayRH wa HCTopiH OTeqecrBeHHaro asuRa, Chjtb
yse HayqHUM^ ytiixxeHieirB, ito Tam yae He tojbko noHHMajH
3Baqeeie cjiaBAHCRBXx Hapbnift, ho Tpe(k)BajiH HaBŠcraaro 3oaHÍa hxx
OTB mROJIBHHROB^ H yqHJlHCB H1TB.
HiairBj 6esi npeyBejiH^eHia mosho yTBepawB, hto mocrobcríS
yHireepcHTeTB, bt» jusijh Ka^eHOBCRaro, Ha^esARHa, othhcth DQe-
BupeBa, J^aBHAOBa, He HenperoTOBJíeHHHMi bctp^thjtb BBexeHHyio
l ) B^cyion, Dotoxhhi, IV, 317.
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180 BftCTHHKB EBPOHH.
ycraBOMi 1835 roaa HOByio Baeeapy — „HCTopiH h JiHTepaTypu cjia-
bahckhx-l Hapfriifi". flja Bero HOBaa saeeftpa He 6um hobhhboí,
HesAftHHOCTBio: ycraB-L eme pasx ysaBOHmrB h pacnpocrpaHHjx Te-
nepb Ha bc& Apyrie yHHBepcHTeTH to, htď ero juraHaa shbhb no-
CTeneneo, ho canocToaTejLHO BupaÓOTaja am ero oÓHXoja, hojib-
syacB eecqacTeoř caaBaBCKOĚ RaeeApoft raBpHJiOBa, CKpoMHaro Tpy-
seHHRa eme XVIII ctojítíj, cjmafiao nonaBmaro cpeje niate-
jeft XlX-ro.
BnojHi ecrecTBeHHO, ecje TpeBora, BHymaenaa onacemeifB sa
cyAB&i HOBoft cjaBflHCEofi BaeeApsi: vro Óyxen cb Heio, ecJH ee-
BesHBa HajiHOTOCTB „chocoÓhuxi opyAÍfi tt Aaae wa craptax* sa-
ee^pt? — Mowa 6bitb paspímeHa eAHHCTBenHO kb Mocbbí, h MocKBa
cbok) OHepeflHyio ecTopanecKyio saAaiy AiScTBHTejbHO paspimejia.
Bjiaro^apa CBoeMy nponuiOMy, ycjiOBÍa*n> CBoefi nojraofi caMoeroa-
TeJibHOCTH, mockobckíS ymBepcHTera Ty saoeftpy, KOTopaa HaAftiro
iforjia ocTaTBca toobbo aa 6yMarfe h npoHeenicB npasjHUMt ssy-
BOifB b% pyccBott shshh, cb HOflBJíeHieifB ycraBa HejfeAieHHo se
BBeJi, Raní noJieonpaBHyio b% peajiBHyio jrhshb...
yHHBepcHTera He sxajii Tenept noBTopema KenneHOBCKaro sa-
npoca 1827 roAa, ho npeAynpeAM* ero, BLieraBHBt caiiocroajrBHO
CBoero BaHAHAaTa Ha HOByio saeexpy h Aase cb yqeHOio caaBaH-
ckoio CTeneHBH), — KOTopaa Tor.ua kb nepBuft paši 6tua nasBaHa, —
BaHAH^aTa co creneHBio Maracrpa cjaMHCKofi ^BJiojiorin.
Cy^BÓa řOHofi, HOBoposAeHHOff BaeeApn 6wja otiesoeieHa.
Ho npeABapHTejiBHO He 6im> 3a6Lrra Mockboě h crapufi npieirB —
BH80BX H8%-sa Mopa h HMeHHO toto, bto jific&Tb j&rh tom v HasaffB
<5hutb npeAHasH^eHi* nxa Mocbbíi h hmh BOToparo HasuBajiocL h
nos»e. Mu pasyM&eiťB sHaMeHHTaro IIIa$apHBa.
n.
Ilponuio HeifHoro AHeft nocii HSAama HOBaro ycraBa yHHBep-
CHTeTOBi, h hobm caaBaHCBaa saeeApa yse vb Haraiy BOBaro arar
AeMH^ecBaro roAa, 1835 — 1836, He BAOBCTBOBa-ia kb Mockb*. Ee
saHajft HcnuTaHHufi HejroB^Bi HayEH, EOToptifi ufaue flecama jítb
ho nepecraBaa TBepAM*, h cb BaeeAPH, h Ha erpaHHijaxt »yp-
Hajia CBoero, „BicTHBKa Ebpohbi*, o HeoÓxoAHifOcra cjiaBaHCKnxT>
EsynemS hjul pasBHTÍfl pyccBOfi HCTopHqecsott HayRH, h ho cnpa-
BeAJHBOCTH CTOJB p*8B0 OTMÍHeHHHft YBapOBBIHl B0 BpeBffl peBHSÍH
1832 ro.ua. Mu roBopnirB o nyniKHHCBOM-L KypHJiKi — KaneHOBCBOMX.
Ohi> saHHjii BOByio saeexpy, ho, BOHeiHo, JieniB Ha nepBoe BpeMa:
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itawb c. r. crporosoBi. 18 i
sara crapnBy, saBepmaBineify cbok) otfnjecTBeBByro fltaTejiBHOCTB,
OHa tfsua yse 6peMeBe*n>. Kaši Ha saM^CTHrejifl, n Ha sopoTBoe
Bpeiw, CMOTptjrB Ha Hero h yHHBepcHTerb.
Ycfffexi HOBaro /rtuia saBnciurB otb yxaia b*b BEiCopfe jnija;
xaeeApa Tpe6oeajia cara, ecia He HcntiTaeHofl, to MOJOAofi, 9Hep-
nraecBoft. Ho npesxe *&*% oeraHOBHTLCfl Ha dToft KOMÓHHaijiH,
Hcnpo6oBajiB h npieiťB, BOToptift Óhjix ynoTpefaeKB npn rfexx se
yciOBiflrb paebrae h Boroptift cb&sb (Jhjtb kb naMflTH MHoraxi,
oeoÓeHHO se Tóro MAa, KOTopoe Tenepb ctoajo bo raaB* mocbob-
csaro yHUBepCHTeia, Basi npexBOSBicrHHBi, no yaaqaoMy Btrpase-
bíío K. AKcaROBa, HOBaro nopflABa, — kb naMflTH MOJioxoro none<ra-
tcm, rpa$a C. T. CxporoHOBa.
rpa$x OporoHOBi — He hobuS ^ejOBÍB^ kb HCTopia pyccsaro
npocBtmema bhoxh Hunepa-ropa HaROJiaa. 3to — ÓuBmift *xewb bo-
MRTeTa 14-ro nafl 1826 roja, cb MBejru ero oÓpasoBaHifl, Heas-
míhbhB wewh cJiaBAHCKoft naprifl KOMHTeTa hjh cjaBflHCBaro TpiyM-
BgpaTa, KOTopuft HMeoso cocraBJíflJH: HlHinBOKB, CnepaHCBift, Orpo-
roHOBi. Oto He mofb He coxpasHTb eme bb CBiiseft naMflTH b
npoesTa IEbniBOBa cosAaxb cjiaBAHCsifl Baeexpři, h npieiia jm sa-
Mimeeia hxx, BOTOpoify okb jhvho bbojibí coiyBCTBOBaii. Mh
roBopHBďB o BH80Bt 8anaAHO*ciaBflHCBHXi, ^emcBHXi yqeHuxi kb
Pocciro, o bh30bí TaHBH jm IleTepÓypra, ma$apHBa am Mocbbh.
3im se npieMx BpeMeBH IDumKOBa, kb npHMŠHemH kx Mockbí,
h BOCKpecHjx Tenept rp. GrporOHOBi, Borxa piniHii npeftocraBOTB
%ctb Hacroamaro orapurifl ciaBAHCsoft Baeexpu bt> Mockbí cra-
poiiy CBoeMy HdÓpaHHHBy — I3Ia<í>apHKy, Torja yse BOpH$eio coBpe-
MeHHofi ciaBAHCBOft HayBH Ha sanaxii, b* Tony se ctojib qyBCTBH-
reabHo ocBop&ieHHOMy Pocciftcsott AsaxeMiefi, cb ea CesxapHHMi
cesperapeMi Cobojobumi, kb $HBajife BTope^Haro ero npEraamemfl
Bl POCCÍH) — KB 9 CJiaBflHCByK> 6H6jioTeKy a *).
CofcTBeHHQpyiHHlfB UHCBMOMl, KB H3UCBaHH0 BÍffiJHBOĎ H npH-
B&TIHBOfi $OpM$, OÓpaTHJICa 06pa80BaHH£lft MOCBOBCBÍfi HOne^LHTeJIB
kt, SHaMeHHTOMy, ho HemeMy yneBOMy Ilparn. 3thitb npieMOMx
rpa$B 9 BecoMHÍHHO, sejaji CBOJibKOBHÓyAb ocjaÓHTb BeAaBHioio
ropeqb BoenoMHHamfi o Poccin. TjiyÓOBoe yBaseHie, BOTopuirB npo-
hhkbjto 6ujo BasAoe cjiobo HOBaro MOCBOBCBaro npeuiameHifl, pa-
lymaufi toh*b necBiia, Bce oto, BasajiocB, b*b coctoahíh Óujio no-
(SopoTB Ty HeoxoTy, cb BOTopoft Hs6paHHHBi rpa^a AOJisiewh Óujtl
OTHecrHCb bo BCflBOMy HanoMHHaHÍH) o npieMÍ, BOTopufi eni,e TaiťB
flewBBO 6sun> hcto^hhbomb o^aoro Tasejaro paso^apoBama. B-l
l ) Cp. Hany mhtj: ff Ha^a»Hue roxa a , KOHeai, h b% HacTtwiineft CTaTti, BHine.
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182 BftCTHHKB EBPOnU.
caMOMX flkrfe, npe^ IIIa$apHKOMB, sjíonojyqHUMi yqeHtiiťB cb eBpo-
neĚCKHM-L HMeeeMi, h bb Toae Bpeiia hed^hitb nHcaTaieirB, pe^aBTopoirb
rpomeBaro atypHajia cb RapTHHKaiiH („Světozor"), npnHOCHBmaro
eaty b% sapaÓOTOKt híckojibko aecaTROBi ryjBaeHOBX, OTKpuBajiacb
Tenept, fijiaroxapa oópantemio rp. OrporonoBa, nepcneKTBBa— 6ktb
pacnpocrpaEBTejieMi h opraHasaTopoMt ciaBaHCRaro sHama kb Poc-
cíh, bm4ct4 cb MaiepiajiBHUMx oóesneieHÍeMi npn o6m,eH% yBa-
seHÍB. Ho Bucsymaeira caMoe otipanjeHÍe noneHHTeM.
„M. T., TlaBejt Ochiiobbtb! B-b pyccKHxt yHHBepcHTeiaxi, —
nncajra rpa(Jn>, — no HOBOMy Bucoiafime yTBepatAeoHOMy ycraBy ocho-
Basa oco6ua RaoeflpH wa npenojaBaHÍa ciaBaHCRHXB HapiqiB.
Bucoko yBasafl Banra CB^Aeaia no bto& lačni, AORasaHHua
BamHMH BjaccH^ecBHMH coHHHemflMH h npíoópfrrmia Bani* l ) eapo-
neicKyio cjiaBy, a pfemaiocB oÓpaiHTBca kb Baiii, m. r., cb npea
joaeeieMi, He yro^HO jh BaifB npHBBTB mícto npo$eccopa m>
mocrobckoitb yHHBepcHTerfc, BBipeůHOMt mohitb none?eHÍaMi>?
He daný roBopHTB toitb, Kára sarpaaiAaioTca bx Poccíh
ycjyre, efi ORa3tiBaeMEia. Mory yBÍpoTb Bací tojibro cb CBoefi
CTopoeu, hto a ynoTpeCjrao bcš saBHcaniia otl Mesa cpe^cm cjrfe-
jiaTB npe<5tiBaeie Barae y nacB npiaTHUirB bo BcfcťB OTBomeHÍaxi.
JI 6yxy paA*B coA^BcTBOBaiB npio<5pÍTeHÍio fliia yHBBepcBTeTa qjeHa,
KOTopuň nojiosHTB vb nem, npoiHua ocnoBaHia HayRH, ctojib Ba»-
hoď bt> oÓwfiŘ CHcreirfe 3HaHÍň h bx oco(5eHHOCTH wa JHTepaTypti
h pyccsofi BcropÍH. OpHÓaBJíio eme, sto bs> Poccíh bh eaiUeTe
MHoro npe^MeToteB, roh otbocatch HenocpejCTBeHHO b*b BamHMH sa-
HariaMi h MOryrt aocraBHTB BaiťB ÓoraTyio jspómy jm BatnHXi>
H3<yrfeAOBaHÍfi h nonojiHHTB BaniH coópama.
DpaBa npo$eccopoBi H&ioseHEi bb ycraBŠ, npn cem npnoia-
raeMOMi). Ha npois^ Bami mosotb <$htb easeaneHa ocoóaa cyíma.
SI 6yay cb HeTepnÉrieirB osn^aTB BanrB otb&tb, ROTOpuft (wiaro-
BOJiHTe npHCJiaTB b-b MocKBy Ha Moe bmb no npiuioseHHOMy 3#6cb
aApecy. ^ecrB hmíio 6utb h np. a 2 ).
l ) Bl nOWHHHHKt — n BftMH U .
s ) .Hara: C.-IIeTep6yprb, 5 reesapa 1886 ro*a. Axpeci: A. Son Excellence M
le Comte Stroganoff; général aide de camp de S. M. 1'Empereur de Russie, Carateur
de ťUniversité de Moscou, á Moacou. (Hqi HainHxi MaTepiaioirb). nojaraem, hto
dhclmo caMoro noneiHTeja xtjiaio Ezmsamwh oópameoie ki DIa(j)apHKy on mera
ero eme IIoroxHHa. nousyeiicji anoti dhclmoitb rp. CTporoeoBa Kb otpouHOMy nem-
ckomj y^eHOMy, htoóh, bt> mxy ero 6jaropo^earo Tsna, nosaaan oxHocropoBHocTb
xapaaTepncTBKH o6pa30BaHHaro MocaoBcaaro noneiHTeJui y Tepi^eBa vb ero AHeBBHrb.
„Hama BeiBMOJKH, — umaerb řepíkem, boxi 14 (feBpaia 1848 r., — ae yHiixrb xepsiaTB
cečfi... Bcero Meaie OTHocBTeibHo BBocTpaai^eBi, hjih xepsKo... hxh yBHSBTeiBBo yHTHBO...
Oxhbi B8i camixi jiyHmaxi aaraaTOBi, rp. OrporoaoBt, acnojHeaBHfi jravaaro 6 jaro •
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rpAWb c. r. CTPoroHOBi. 183
CsaToe, ho co*epsaTeJBHoe, JiHXJeBHoe h xemioe hhcbmo rpa$a
Morjo pasc^HTUBaTb Ha ÓjaronpiaTHoe xtíketsie. ^MdBHTejibHo,
IOaýapHKi Chjtb rjy6oKO xposyri. BHHMaHieirL otipasoBaHHaro pyc-
csaro b&jlmokh, ho, t*mi» ne iieflie, otbítoítb OTpHn,aiejbHO Ha
npEraameme „hojioxhtb npoiHua ocHOBama HayRH* wb Mockbí.
Otbíti ero, orb 21 $eBp&sa h. ct., kohíh) cl soToparo oh-b
Torjta xe OTnpaBHjr& h bt» apyry norojiray, 6njn> HcaojHeei. CRpOM-
bocth h pfejítaro fijaropoACTBa qyBCTB* — pb^Rifi npmrbpi Óe3cpe6-
peBoocTH h npeAaHHOCTH CBoeMy MajieHBKOMy Hapoay. EiaropoaciBO
OTBira rapMOHHpoBajio cb AeJHRaTHuifB TOHOifL caaiaro o6pameoia,
Gkpomho h OTRpoBeHHO nHcajrB sHaMeHHTHft „Hpi" CBoero Bpe-
ueaH (kb HHCBiiarB ki» apysBaiffB oat Tasí HepiuRo THTyjOBajii
ceóa) dporoHOBy, yto nepBoe npenaTCTBie npnaaTb npHrjiameHie
— oÓcroflTejBCTBa jbhhbiji — 6ojrfe3neHHoe cocTOAHie ero h seHu:
„6hjio <$u HepasyMHO nepecejieme wl Kámuarb Óoxbe cypoBuft a ;HO
apoirb Tóro ero jojshh BOs^epsaTb h oónjia cooópasema — hojib-
TH^ecsaro xapaRTepa.
n & npe^CTasjuiK) ce6t nojiBsy wa JurrepaTypu h HayKH on
noMtmeeifl Meea b* moceobcríB yHHBepcHTera MHoro CKpoMHÍe,
MtlfB KaKT» 8T0 AyMafOTB MOU ApySBa B*B PoCCÍH, KOTOptie CJIHffl-
Boirs cuohhu npeyBejiHqBBaTb moh chocoÓhocth a SHaHia", u npa-
ma — fl3HRi>. „PojhoU Mott asim — qemcRifi; Bce, ití> a y3Hajn»
TeopernqecKH h#b ApymxT, CJiaBaHCRHXi Haptaifi, HeftOCTaTOiHO,
HTo6ti 6utb kb cocToaHÍH ffbftcTBOBaTB, RaR*B npo$eccopy h naca-
ieiK>; bx KaqecTB* se nfoiija a ee MOrt 6h TaMt hh BUCTynaTb,
hh xbtb" *). BTopaa npHWHa ho MeHie cairaaTiraHa: qyBCTBO iipu-
poxcTBa, Bnaxaen, HHorxa bi crpammu eejinocxH, sexa* á propos de bottes Bxpyra
npexcraBBTB asi ce6a jopxa TopH h BaÓHBaa, ito nojiaca nepexi tím* ohi no-
orfejuca Han aHTjiftcKHMx TopesiioMi h HSiaran Bema qeioKBqecaiji 6esi> bcjikhxi
npexpaacyxaoBi aacm TasoBH bc*, h kh. ^. B. romi^HHi, ciuBymift iHÓepaioni 4 *
(CTp. 84).
*) Bi> 1886 se r. rp. OrporoHOBi npHrxacaii m> moceobckíh yHHBepcHTen he
laTHHCKyi) saeexpy cepóo-jyxH^aHHHa A. IííHHa. Bi shocth Kjhhi 6his» naTpioTOin.
h, yiacB bi JefinipirB xo 1817 r., okb buíctb cb xpyrom Jy^eHCKHMi 6bui> iuaB-
bhm% x^TeieM-b CTyxeeqecKaro aiaaflHCKaro oómecTBa. Jy6eHcuft h ociaicji naTpio-
Tom*; o Heirb nepenHCHBajica cam> mvmROffb c?b TaHRofi; aepBXKo piit h wb iracfc-
uaii raHKH Kb Kenneny, hbi. 20-xi ioxobi. Ho Kjhh* npiixaii bi Mocasy h — ohí-
MeHHjea, Mu xopomo nounEWk, aaat stotb xo6poxymHHR npejCTaBUTeri, nec^acTHaro
ciaaflHciaro nxeM6HH Ha cbohxi jaTHHCSHxi jemiaxt mane ne BiipaxaiCB, aaai:
.nos, Gennani a . (O dhocth KiHHa h Jyóeecitaro ct. M. DJeBiHKa n cepÓo-xyauiD;-
loirb zypHaxi „Lužka a , 1892 r., napn>, 18). Hto Ifla^pHKi TeopeTHiecsH 3Han
pyccaifi bshbi h ohcbl paHO oÓpaTHxca: kt> Heny— He noxxesHn comhíhíd. Bt 1815 r.
BaBua KHHra $aTepa m> Jleftonarb— „Russiches Lesebuch". Bi BHHraxt ma^apaaa
na HamiH h sry KHHry, ct HaxnHCbD no-?emcKH: „IlaB. locnty-b Ulaýapaai, wb Jefin-
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184 BftCTHHKt EBPOUH.
3HaTeJBHOCTH R*B CBOBBťB, RX CBOeMJ pOAy-HJeMeHH. n K*B CBO0MX
semiaRaM* h kx aBCTpificKoS HiinepiH a, — npoAOJisajii ma^apHRi,
— npHBflsaHi ctojb MHOraMH ysaNH jiio6bh h ÓJiarojíapuocTH, qTO
llpary, íexiio h HMnepiio a He acejaso oeraBaaTB, Kant AO-iro a
Mory 6htb noaeseffB 3#bcB cbohbtb".
IHa^apHKx yRasEiBaeTL Ba astiRi. ^tficTBUTejiBHO, b-b ero roflH
(po;*. 1795 r.) Tpy^HO yae 6hjo npacTaqecKB ocBOHTBca cb pyc-
crhitb asHKOiTE, xoTa TeopewraecRH 0Ht 3H&n> ero xopomo. Bi
CBoeS iohocth Ohi He 6ujn> bt> „pyccROft* utrojí HSBicTHaro cbo-
hmh pyccRHMH coMnariaifH jreRCBRorpajta K)HrMaHHa, hoaoÓho rarafc,
^ejaROBCROMy. TaHRa paHO onpeAiuiHJix 3eaqeaie pyccRaro asHRa.
Bx CíHOMt H3i nnceiTB kb KenneHy (6 anp. 1827 r.) oe% omíuio
roBopHTi: „Ilpomy, hto aynaeTe bbi o TepRejiŠBOfi rpaMMtyrinefc
(HCRyccTBeHHaro oCnjecaaB. a3HRa); a eft noxBajtBTb He Mory, *y-
Maioia, hto asHRy BceciOBaHCROMy coBceMX hhobo Aoporoio hth*.
H riaii He Meoíe, tojbro hoa* KOBeivt shbhh, HecMorpa Ha
qaeroe oCmeme cb pyccRHMH, ob-l chocho nncajB no-pyccRH, a
to ero pyccRift assiRi Čhjtb ROMHqecRift. OpHHOMHHirB tojbro ero
nepBua py cesia CTpORH KenneHy b-b Mb6om>: „npomy He nORa-
saTB HHROMy, hh KonflTapio canoHy — sejiaioiH eme pas* faarono-
jiy^Haro nyTa nopynaio ca (faarocRJOHHocTH*. H AOJiro, aojw> no-
tom-l ÓJiecrfcjiH no ero necBMairB kb KenneHy to „HMyqecrBa", to
„HOROjrfjHa", TO „OHO H&rB XOpOHIo" H Hp. B% HHCBM^ — HHierO
eme, ho aa Raeejpí hoao6hh& asmcB (fcfeja. DaifaTHO h jotho
naiTB HCTopnqecKoe „wl RatfaRf"...
Tohx OTBfrra He no3BO.ia.5T, coMH^BaTBca bt> TBepAoera npHHa-
Taro pimema. „JI,— saRjmaai IHa^apHicB, — yifiřo ^hhtb bx noj-
Hoň irfjpi qecTt h BíiroflH, ROTopua coeAHHeHH cb npe^araeMUirB
mhí míctoitb; a 3Haio, vro sflfccB mhí He oato^aTB Haqero hoaoÓ-
Haro: ho npa MoeMt o6pa3Í Mucjiefi mhí He Taseno MaTepiaaBHtie
HHTepeCEI HOAHHHHTB ^yXOBHBIMX HJH cobcímt. noaepTBOBaTB* *).
Bujio acHO, qTO ffla^apBKx He wa Mocrbh. HeofixoAHMO Óujio
OCTaBHTB CTapilft, HUHHROBCRift HpieMX BH30Ba H OCTaHOBHTBCH na
xíHri 1815 r. co6cTBeHHopyHHo tf . Ca**., irara Rynieea cefinaci ite, lor^a Illa^
pncb 6elh» eme CTyjeHTOM* fe JefinuHrfe. HayHeHie KHHrt, ocTaBnraxca nocjrfe ]Ha4^a-
pama, CBHíiTejiicTByerL o BHHuaeiH, ct> kotopbdit. oh-b cjrtAHJi sa pycesos JiHTepaTy-
poD bt» 20 h 80-xi roxaxt: ohi He majHit nocjrfeAHiiro rporaa xjui noKyvui KHHr»,
a bo hto OHa o6xoxHjac& eny — jerso noaaTt. 3eaa TeopenwecEH, ob-b ho xostpiui
CBoeMy sHaHÍK). ETojiyTOB-B otb DlHniROBa „KpaTidjí 3airecKH a (1831) cb aBTorpa4K>M%
CTapnua no^epROMi pacsouHEKOBi: „rocnoxney Hla^apEKy, xoaTOpy <}>hjoco<|)Íh, on
coHHHHTexji CHxt sairacoKi**, Efa^apHitT, ceňiact ate otmíthu, hto ecTL fffeneiqLÍft
nepeBOx^, bi JEefiímHTB, 1882 r.
') Hai HamHxi iiaTepiaioBi,
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rPA*** c. r. CTPoroHOBi. 185
HBofi ROM6BHanÍH, h 9to tíhtb 6ojrke, íto caro IIIaýapHRi npe-
nopyqaji Tenepb ee — padoOpaTbca Meotcb ceouax. n Bb Poccíh, —
nicajrb IIIa^apBKx, — ecrs yace Tenepb jk>ae, h tocio hxi pacTert
Cl BaSAHUl rOAOMX, KOTOpue CI> JOCTOBHCTBOMX H H0JIB30I0 mo-
ryTB saHATB npeAioateHHOe mhí mícto" '). Bi BuÓopt npieMa ee
momo 6un Óojfte comh^hía. Ho r^* se ohh, bth cboh sairfecTB-
TeiH qyaoro Hla^apaKa?
ni.
Kára nonasajo 6jaaafiniee óyjymee, QIa$apHRft Cíijii bdojbí
npaBi, roBopa, tto bobmosho bi Mocrb£ oóo8thci> h fiesx Hero.
BHHMaTejiLHOHy rpa$y OrporoeoBy yaaaocs, h 6esx ocoóeaHaro
Tpy*a, opieHTHpoBaTbca cpe^a hobhxb yciOBift h ocraBOBBTbca Ha
*eiOBÍKfe, KOToparo, ecTB ocaoBaflie AyMaTB, h HirfurB bx bbay Ula-
^aptiKT,, yRastiBaa ea H3jemecTBO ce(Sa wa Mocrbh, h KOTopoity
TasHMi oópasora Btmaja Ha aojho qecrs — nojOKHTb npo<mua ocho-
BaHia HayKH. 3to 6ujtb RaHAHftan BtraycRa 1834 roia, ne nep-
boS mojoaoctb (pcn. b* 1808 r.), weHx HcropHqecicaro CTyjeH-
leeicaro Bpysaa OaHReBHqa, mROJiBHufi TOBapanv* GraHReBHqa,
roHqapoBa, C. OrpoeBa, K. ÁRcasoBa — Ocení MaRCHMOBmx Eo-
dfiuCKiú.
OwfeqeHHufií IIorOAHHUHi Ha yHUBepcHTeTCRoira aRrt, Bojura-
arii riur& He Merita He Óhjtb yqeHHROira ero — npo$eccopa, bh-
TaBmaro wb ofaacra hojihthrh h HenocpeflCTBeHHUXT, hhctbhktob-l,
a yqeHHROMi ero H^oÓpoxoTa, KaieHOBCRaro, „opaRyja MOJOxe&H*
enje cl 20-xi roflOB*.
IIpH bos^&ctbíh ocBÍuRaiomeft ayxoBHOft aTMoc$epH CBoero seM-
jm RaieHOBCRaro, ROTopufi, wb KanecTBŠ oÓpasoBaHearo h bhh-
MaTejBHaro npoBOAHHRa Hflefi sana.ua bt> pyccRyio eayKy, cl aaB*
hhxi nopi TBepAHJt bi» CBoeirE „BftcTHHRii EBponH a o cymecTBeH-
hoitb 3Ha?eHÍH aaeflTifi 9THorpa<f>ie&, eora He cjiobhjuhcb, to yKpi-
dhjhcb Hay^HEia CHMnaTÍH BoAflHCRaro.
0& jerKoft pyRH sHaHeHHTaro Byna KapaA&aqa, Heyqeearo cep6-
CKaro dTHOrpa^a (1815), Ha^ajiocb ycepAHOe, bt> neperoHKy, 3aaa-
*) IIoroxBHi BtpHO oi^Bnii xoctohhctbo oTKasa ma^apmuL Bi csoft „^Beerain,"
ob% saHeei: A lIIa<t>apBKi He ptmaeTca ixaTB; xajB. Ho KaKÚi faaropoAHH* DpHqnHHl
TpoHyn <íhjt> xo cie8» u .i (BapcysorL, IIoroxBHi, IV, 383). Ho j 10600 htbo, hto neatxy
pycesBMH xpyawncH UIa<t>apBKa Torxa xe pasHeccji ciyxi, hto obi ixen bi EpecjaBju
Ba ciaMBCKyx) aaeexpy. Ho Hla^apMEi HasBaii Bce bto cnjeTBer „aa CTaRaaoirb
raná*. „Kant ji Bani roBopait h iracaji, a ociaHycb n Upar4 tt , BSBimaxi obi IIo-
roxBaa (ib). AiftcTBHTexbBO, obi h yMepi wb Dparfe, bi 1861.
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186 B%OTHHRT> EBPOntí
Tie HapoAHoft níceeň y eaaBflH^ Abctpíb, ocoÓcbbo, y oiOBaBOBi,
h HSAama MOJOAoro OIa$apiiKa bt> 3Tflorpa$BiecBOiťb HanpaBJíemB
Hanuš ceáqacb se coqyBCTBie bi» nojscttoft JHTepaTypi, a OTCioAa
3th HOBue HayqHue BKycu BOCHyjBCB b HacL, h ho-iabe Aase 3a-
HflJHCb pyccBofi &THorpa<f>ie& *).
DocpeAHHKOMx b* noJbCBoft JimepaTypt óhí* H3BÍCTeua Kpa-
tbbi - uodTL BpoA3HHCBÍft, npo<peccopi vb BapmaB*. Hs^aBafl
KHHSBy cbobxi „OoaeTOBi", MaiiBeBBqi ocofieHHO 6hun> saHHTe-
pecoBam npieMOMt hxi y BpoASBHCBaro. MaijKeBHqy Óoxfee Bcero
6ujo CHMnaTHqHo npeAaciOBie BpoA3BHbCBaro bt> ero nepeBOAy cjio-
Bai^BBXi ntceex EHa^apesa, rA*6 oht>, ocifiHBaa AfciaHHOCTb qyBCTBx
á la Byron, pesoMeHAOBaji „BMHAtTbca a BAyMaT&ca kb híchh
csaBaHCBBXi HapoAOBi, nojHua npoeroTu b ropaqaro, jno6an;aro
qyBCTBa*. ílo mhšhíio EpoASBHCBaro, „bchbía poMaHTHiecBia npo-
BSBeAeHifl jma Haci, caaBaet, qy»AH, npexoAanjaa MOja", tto „ne-
noKott mucjih h qyBCTBa He mrherb iikra y cjaBAHi" *). Ilo cjm>-
Bam TOBapan^a h Apyra, 3. OAbiBbn,a, MaijBeBau cain» xopomo
BflaJi* h ujkBtuvb BapojiHyío irbcHio. „Ha oAHa HTajbaHCBaa irbcHJi,
roBopHJTb owb OAHasAH eiiy, He HMierb Tasoft 6jraroAapHO& atejio-
AÍb, saBi Hama: Pójdžcie, pójdžcie, g$ski moje, do doma tt . Bx
lose BpeMfl Man.EeBHq-L 3Baji» xopomo h pyccsyio (6&jiopyccRyK>)
nicBK) b ocotieHHO peBOMeHAOBaj^ OAHHWjy OAHy: „^a qepesi. Mofi
ABop*, Aa ^epesi mo& ABopt, Aa ijan^pa jun^ejra tt 8 ). Bapoiera, He-
nocJiiAOBaTejbHbiň, yBjeRaiomiflca MaijBeBaqi nosse, b* 3-eft qacrH
l ) 10-e h 20-e roxu onrtaeHH HenoxxBJBHoft B8aHMHOcri>K> bi oTHomeaUrb dojbckhxi
H pyCCKHXl jyHIHHX-b JDjefi. MH rOBOpiUII 06l 9T0MI JIBJ6BÍH Bl XapaETepHCTHKt MHTp.
EBreHia, rp PyiuiHn,eBa BiHanraxi „HaiaJBHHxi roxax*". HoHe jHorae ocbbxhtb oxhht,
saÓHTHft JHTepaTypHiift $aarb. 3HaneHimiH nojBcaift jescHKorpa^i,, naiaja eamero
CTOjrťm, amropi rpaHXÍ03Haro noibcaaro dOBapa, BnepBHe oxBaTHBmaro h bc* cjaBAH-
CKia Haptais, Gax. JnHxe, nepeBero h raxan bt» 1824 r. H3BÍCTHHft „Omni HCTopis
pyccsoft iHTepaTypn", rpena. HepeBOxi JIhha6 nocMmaera HoBocHJimeBy h bto no-
CMmeeie Ha^HHaen* Tasí: „Boie© npoBHxiHiji mhumobb uojakobi bmíctb ci 6paT-
hhmi», xpa6pmn» BapoAOifi pyccsHHi noibayDTca Ójarox&jiHMiiiH ynpaBieHla npecB^r-
aiflraaro AieEcaHipa I. BsannHoe H3yneHÍe xyxOBHHit HHTepecoBi cÓJHataerb oóa Ha-
poxa Kt BsamiHoiiy yBaxeHix) h BcitxcTBie Tóro exHHHn hxi codsomi 6paTcaoft jd6br.
Tpyxt, npcMaraeMuft HHTaTex», Kaprasa HCTopia pasBHTÚi pyccKofl iHTepaiypa, eoto-
paji cefiiaci xaai óoraia h pasBHBaerc^ Bce 6ncTpie h ÓHCTpte, xoixeHt odpaniTb
Ha ce6ii caMoe sHBoe bhh Marie nousa, h si no^Hian CBoeD o6a3aBeocTb» moh ho-
MHOrU MHHyTH, CBOÓOXHJM OTl XOJXHOCTHHXt 3aBJITÍft, OOCUTlTb H8XaHÍI) UOJbCKarO
nepeioxa u . K% napami) opejoseHi nopTpert saHmepa PyMiiHi^OBa, ct> ero pyccaou
nOXDUCBD.
a ) Chmielowski, A. Mickiewicz, I, 870.
8 ) Odyniec Ed., Listy z podróžy II, 163.
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rpifti c. r, cTPoroHOBX. 187
CBOHXB „^SAftOBl", 3JI0K) HaCllfemROfi flOMflHyJTB CiaBJIHCROe, HJHJI-
Jiwecfioe HanpaBjeeie Bpo/iBHHCRaro, qTO
„Nasz naród si§ prostoty goácinnošcia, chlubí,
Nasz naród scén okropnych, gwattownych nie lubi;
Spiewaé naprzykiad wiejskish chlopców zalecankí,
Trzody, cienie... Siowianie, my lubim sielaiiki".
Bi JIhtb* ocoÓeHHO coiyBCTBOBajH BpojtfHHCRoify. 3A f bcb íe-
iotb, yeHBepcirreTCKift TOBapwnvb MauKeBHqa, cb jioÓobbío Tpy-
AHJCfl HajťB coóapaaiearb h o&bacneuiewb aapcuauxx óbnopyccKHXi*
ničem*, cara tojbro nucaJon> nicaa bi eapo^BOMi, *yxi, a bt>
9m. OraBeBHTb aamej* ropaiaro noca^AOBarejfl btb npHMtaeHiH
jase rb 9THorpa$ÍH jihtobcroS *)• Rb 1818 ro*y HSB&crHiifi no-
uvh XoAaROBCRift yse npespacHO saajn* pyccRia bícbh ciroepa h
h K>ra, coÓHpaflcs Ha esyieme irfeceH-b xpyraxi cjiaBAHi *).
Ki TOMy se BpeifeHH othocatca h coóapaTejibHue ohutij u y
Hact, ocoÓeHHO, Ha lort: rh. UjepTejeBa, MaRCHMOBHia. Orojo
1825 r. A. B. RapfceBCRift npeasjca yse sa coGapame BeJHRo-
pyecRHTb nrfeceaT> 8 ). CoBpeMeBHaa sypHajHCTBRa, T.-e. 20-xt> ro-
*obb, cb ocoóeHHOio HacTOft^HBOCTBio peROMeHAOBaja npaiťbpi jpy-
raxi csaBAHi no saHATiio 8THorpa<|>ieií, T.-e. noBTopajia RaqeHOB-
csaro, wio „nairB, pyccRHMt, ctuaho ycrynaTB cepÓaiťB h 6oreM-
UfiíWh, CTUAHO He SatíOTHTBCfl O naHATHHRaXl» CJIOBa k&aob* Ha-
nraxi 41 4 ). npHHOMHHiTB, ito eme bx 10-xi roiaxt rpe3HJTB 9tho-
rpa$ie& seaMeHHTuň Mep&aaaoBi, Bce bx Mockbí.
3THorpa4>0HecKoe HanpaBjeme, T.-e. asyqeaie aacroamaro, a
He noAAtJiBHaro, napo^a, He moimo He BHSBaTB, h otohb paao, h
sanpoca o eapo^noera b-l caMoft pyccRoft jHTepaTypfe. HtfiieivB
Kioxejb6eRep f B, TpyHa Han» HÍMeijRHM* HanpaaveHiefifB hossíh Jříy-
ROBcaaro wb „MeeMOSHHb" rh. OfloeBCRaro Ha 1824 ro#B, cmílio
Bucra^iflji nojoxeaie, ito BipoBama, jítohhch, nicaa h cRasa-
Hia aapoAHUfl — „JiyqmiĚ hctohhbri* jm aameft CJfOBecHOcra", tto
„craaeiťB Ha^Tbca, qro, HaROHeqx, aaníR nacaTeJiH cópocarb cb
cefia noaocaya i^íhh HiMei^Ria h saxOTara 6utb pyccRBMH a *).
BcnoMHHMi h rpafíotAOBa, nojHTuqeCRia mh^hía ero ^ai^Raro.
') Odyniee Ed., Wspomnienia z przeszloáci. Warsz. 1884, 152.
*) niraflHi, HcTopia pyc. 8THorpa4>iv, ll(, 75.
*) Koi»naHOBi, A. H. Komejien, I, 2, CTp. 29.
4 ) „CiBepiraft ApxHBi" ByxrapHHa Ha 1824 roxi, y r. Ilnniraa, XIII, 14.
*) Rou>oaHOBi, A. H. Romeieirb, I, 2, crp. 28. Em,e m» 1820 r. K»xejb6e-
Kepi man jewÚH m> Ilapna* o cxaaiiHCKOH JHTeparypt h ciaBHHCKom aaarfe, ho
HaciucTieHHO npepBaHHiM, no xosocy, noci* *ewuii o mwhíh Ha pojraoft aauiti boji>-
Baro HoBropoj^a. Bi 1822 r. fl Th^ihc*, nox* Biiamem rpnootxoBa, ohi BOcnÍBajn>
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188 BftCTHHK'* EBP0DH.
IIodMbi DymRciHa 20-xi roxoBi 6hjb ajunocxpaipeft h híko-
TopuvB otbítom* Ha 9toti saupoci, HecMOTpfl Ha CTpyio 6aftpo-
HH3Ma. HapoxHuft, 9TBorpa<J>HqecKÍ& dneuesrb bx hhxi noHHMajii
h u*BFijn> Tanott cyABfl co cropoHLi, RaRt MmReBHTO. Heroxy* Ha
RjaccHROBi bt> Bapmató, MmjKeBtnt esi IlerepCypra nacajt Jle-
jeBeJHo: „CftasH, ajia qero a AOJu&ewb njaxHTB RpHRjiHByio xBOpHio
Ilapnacca? Taserae yxapu HanecjiH obu cbohhh rjynuMH coBfrraMH
jiHTepaTypt — bt» jHTepaTypi mei otctsjih Ha nojra-Btoa, daofce orm
Pocciu" l ).
TaKBM-L otipasoifb, 9THOrpa$H?ecRoe Hdyqeme ceoeto 6ujio 3Ha-
ueuewb 9noxH, hochjocb bx B03Ayx$ BCBOjty, h oho pano yBjesjo
h BoxancRaro. Ho ero coóCTBeHHOiiy upasBaHifO, enje xo BCTynjie-
aia bx 1831 roxy b* mocrobcríH yMBepcHTera, y cefia Ha po-
Xhhí, bx nojTaBCRoft ryóepain, obt> Haqajrt sanucuBaTB hícbh h
co6pajx hxt> hícrojbro tuc*yb *). Bi co6paaÍH uajopyccRiixi irfe-
ceHi MaRCHMOBnqa 1834 roxa 6ujhh h híchh otb BoxaHCRaro h
ForoM. 3aM*THMi, ito b* OojnaBi eme suji SHaMeHHTHfi „jbaro-
HeHRO tt (t.-c, chhx xkflRoea) KouuipeBCRiií, nojnaBCRoe Hapfriie
B03BejmiŘ Ha creneHB JiHTepaiypsaro jKURa e cbohmi chjbhhmi
npHMipoM^ yBJfeRmifi coBpeHeHBROBi 3 ). Yae ceMHHapcRia nncbiia
BoxflHCRaro r*b omy nepecanaHu MajopyccRHMH noroBopKaiiH. Bb
yHeBepceTert crapua CHMuariH otb jítb iobocth Haraia tojbko
noxxepjRRy. BoxaHCRifi nuTaeTca xase cairB nncaTB no-naaopyccRH
(„HacBRH Ra3RH tf ) h, cir&xa sa pasBHTÍeu* dTHorpa^nqecRHXi Tpy-
XOBi y sanaxHBixx ciaBaffB, namerB o bhx-l otsubn, aanp., xb*
oócTOATejibBUfl CTaTLH o c6opHHBÍ ciOBaijRHXx irbcewb Kojjapa 4 )
craxaMH Bt 6n6ie¥iCRwz r h óopasaxt BoscTaaie rpeqecsaro aapoxa. Bi csoewb sauD^emH
obi ycxaxxajicji „Bbctbbkomi Ebpodh" KaieBOBcaaro h Knpraefi ^aHRJOBHut. .Idóo-
dhtho xm Hact ojho mícto H8i ero xBeBBBaa, Fb 3a^jK)ieHÍH, noi> 4 (J)eBpaj«
1882 r.: „npoieii. TpH csasRB KHpraH; oxhj hsi bhxi— „Copoai Kanut co KaiRKOK> tf
vb 1816 roxy ji nepeseit Ha HtMeuaift simvb". Kaai B-bpeHi cyxt Rx)xeJB()eKepa o
apacoTi a3HBa rpHÓoixoBa! Bb aanuiTy ero obi Bospaxait nypHCTani»: „bh roBopHTe
cjHjnaoMi npaBHjiBHo; y Bací hítb tíxi mhhmhxi HenpaBHibBOCTeft, rfexx o^opoTOBi
b BHpaxeHifi, 6e3i» KOTopiixi jrbbob pa3roBopenft a3HKt He Mošen, oóohtbcb, bo o
ROTopHxt MOBan. BamH rpaimaTBRB tt („Pyc. CiapaBa" sa 1875, pasa.).
*) Chmielowski, A. Mickiewicz, I, 429.
*) B% MaracTepcKoft xBCcepTaBÍH. Hhcxo, BipoaTao, npeyBejraieBO, aaai Boiaraxa
b H^KOTOpae coBpeiieBBflKB, Hanp., MaacBMOBBTb. JTdoodeitbo, iio b Mxaxntíft 6paTt
Oexopt- yBacxixOBajt crpacn, at co6BpaBÍx> aicesi; m> 40-xt roxaxt hxi 6hio y
Bero, no cjOBam M. CTaxoBB^a, xo 4 thc. (P. ApxBBi, 1886).
') Cp. CTaTBD M. GepríeHaa „Xjb nBfljea KoTjapeBCtRoro" bi jibbobcrqmi myp-
hwb: n 3anHCKB HayaoBoro TOBapacTBa bmcbb ITIeBieHEa", II, 148.
4 ) Bi hbcxí noxnBC^flKOKB Ba 9to B8xaHÍe H3t pyccKBxt 6um% oxbbi Ax. Typ-
reHefft, ofroxocost caaBXHCEHXT, cfluaaTÍft B3i Ha^iaxa XIX ctoxítíb.
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rpA<x>x c. r. OTporoHOBi. 189
n „Mocr. Ha6.iio ) naTeJi4 4í . OcoChakomt, ctobti CTyAeH^ecRaa mh-
waTCRafl AHCcepTaipa BoAflHCRaro („Mbíhíh o npoHexoaRAemH
PyCH ft ); ho oea Hanecaaa hoa* npaMofi AHOTaOTL Tóro se Kaie-
HOBCBaro h wicto ĎaÓJiiorpaiírHHecKaro xapaRTepa, BETSBaro noaxe
y TOBapHin,a CTaHReBH<ia AotípoAynrayK) RappBRaTypy.
PaHHifl 8THorpa^H^ecBÍfl ceMnaTia BoAflHCRaro oCocnoBtiBajiH
npesAe Boero ero npaBa Ha BHHMame co cropoHu otipasoBaHHaro
MOCBOBesaro noneiHTeJifl. Ho raaBHoe, *rd moimo BUABHHyrt ero bt>
wasaxi rpa$ a GrporOHOBa npe Bonpocfe o BaurikmeniH hobo& ,Ra-
eejpH b*b yHHBepcHTeT*, bto — (taarocRiOHHoe OTHomeme rt> OHep-
nraecsoMy yqeHBRy KaqeHOBCRaro, bot IIojiTaBH, caHoro IIIa$apHRa.
Ilpe nepBOMi sHaBOMCTBt Cb niajtapeROira vb Ilpari bt>
1835 roAy HoroAHHt mrayBCTBOBajn ceóa spatee tojobro, sorAa
Ha Bonpocii ero o MajiopyccKOMt HapfrriH (yse TorAa 6tiia 3BAy-
Maea bmt> KiaccHHecRaa „9THorpa$ifl GaaMm> a ) He cbjub&b hh-
iero oTB^TETb 1 ). Ho JioÓosHaTejiBHOCTb IIIa^apHKa 6tua bi hojí-
hoí whipb yxOBJíeTBopeHa Boashcehmi: yse bi caMOKB Haqajt
1836 r. HoroAHHi OTOCiajx IIIa^apeKy craTbio, cneijiajifeHO Hann-
caHHyio jiflSL Hero BoAflHCRBMt, o iiajiopyccROMX Haptain — oiepra
reorpa$H^ecKaro pacnpocrpaHeHifl mieMeHB h flsufta a).
IQa^apHBl> BCTptTHJTL CTaTBH), RaRl „HpeBOCXOAHBIÍi" OHHTB.
Ob HeTepn^HieiTB ose^aa npoAOJiseHifl, oht> npocBTL BoAflHCsaro
noacBflTs Óojrle p$ARta MajropyccRifl CJOBa h coBÍryerB bi toto
se poAi HanacaTb o Haptqin (HtaopyccROifB h HOBropoACROKB.
TaBBMi oGpaaoifB, Boauhcríí Bcrynaera TenepL bt> npflMEia otbo-
meHÍfl m IDa^apeKy h, bt» o6xoat> IIoroABHa, coo<5maen> jurrepa*
TypBiia hobocth, ROTopua HaxoAflTB bi Ilparfc Jiio6e3Híjft npieifB.
Cootfpasafl BpeiM saoqsaro sHasoMCTBa BoAflHCRaro cb IIIa^apH-
Koin,, eABa jh mosho coMHÍBaTBCfl, mto rto-jhÓo bhoS, a He Eo-
Aahcbíě Hirfejca m> BHAy Dla^apaRom bi hsbícthbixi crpoRaxx
nncBMa ero kb rp. GrporoHOBy, 21-ro <J>eBpajia 1836 r. HsBÍCTHuft
ae pascRasT* 6iorpa$oro, ÓyATO 6u Boahhcrí&, ckpombwS y^BTejb
*) CoÓCTBeeHoe npH3HaHÍe, fb 3R. Mhh. Hap. lip., 1835 r.
*) Bi ÓHÓJÍOTeRi ma^apHRa (My3eft bt> II pari) ecrb Majopyccwua no»na BQeB-
^eHia „raMajia", Cn6. 1844. OHa— coBpeMeHrafi noxapoai Box^Hcaaro. Ha uefi no*-
mci: „IL I. MaxBapHEOBn I. BoiAHCbRua". Híckoii>ro paetrae BoxaHCKaro ssaKO-
íwi, ho apaflHe HexocraTOiHo h HecHCTeMaTHHHO, Dla^apnaa c% Majopycccofi btbo-
rpaýiefi HSBtcrHHfi óorani ■ noíTaBcsift 4>aHTacn,, UitLiom JlyKaraeBHii, ho noaxe
rowTeifc npespacHHxi HepeoHopyccKHXT, jyin,. Ohi nocajaert BonjaHa „OiracaHie
yipafiHH tt , Coó. 1832, cb Ha*nHCbi>: „Beiey*eHOMy IlaHOBH IDa^apnitoBH ot ILi.
iya. a . 3xtcB xe pyaoi) JyKameBHía — aljmfi pii^i najopyccKHxt noroBopoKi, bockk
Bflm>, bi po^t: „MocLKOBbcaifl qaci (i > „Dponan. aai mB6Ai» nó*i IIojTaBOD" (Pa,^
aaiin MaTepiaioirb). •
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190 BfcCTHHRB EBPOIIU.
1-ft rHMeasiH bt> Mockbí, oópaTHjrb Ha cefia BHHMaHie CBoero Ha-
HajbHHsa K)MopHCTBqecKofi KpuTHKoft A^THED^a cneByjaHTCBaro na-
TpioTHSMa By ji rap tma, HeBipoaxeHi yse noTOMy, mo irfrrRaa spH-
THBa BoAflHCsaro Ha „Pocciřo kb BceBOSMoatHbrcB OTHomeHÚixi*
oTHOCHTca Kb 1837 roay, Ror^a Bonpoci o Boaahcbomx, o ero
OTnpaBJíeeiH sa rpaHimy, npoxoAHjrc yse MHHHCTepcKyio erajÚK), nox*
XOAHJTb KB KOHIjy *), a EOAflHCKÍfi 6HJTB MarHCTpOMT>.
TaKHMi o6pa30Mt, yqeHHBi Ka?eHOBCBaro ROJU&ewb Óujtl o6pa~
thtb Ha ce6a BHHMaHie rp. CTporOHOBa cbohmi jh^huitb TpyjoarB.
Tofya se totb se KaieHOBCRiS, n npn caMOMi saÓOTJHBOMi yqa-
ctíh rp. OrporoHOBa, npeAOCTaBjaero BoAflHCBOMy BosMOSHom no-
jiy^HTL nepBOMy b% Poccíh creneHb Maracrpa cjaBAHCsofi ^hjojo-
iíh e, ofaerroBi tšmi lajibHifiraift xoa* A**a no Bairln^eHÍK) Ka-
ee^pH, OTBpHTB C06010, b* CTaptixi jno^HTeJieft m*cto, Ójecramyio
anoxy nepBuxx leiupexx HsópaHHHBOBi b*b ecTopie pyccxaro cja-
BAHOBi^eflia.
Yse wb ceHTOÓpž 1836 r M cj£aob., cnycra HeiiHoro irfecsijeB'*
nocjit (j)eBpajbCRaro nncbMa lUa^apesa, Boaahcbí& npocHra <J>a-
KyjiLTeTi. o flonymeHÍH ero b*b 8K3aMeey „npeHMyqecrBeHHO no
npe^Meiy HCTopin h -iHTepaTypu cjraMHCBoft", a bx OKTflópi Ów.io
h caMoe HcnuiaHie y KaveHOBCBaro, HMeHHO, no cjaBflHOB$AeHÍK>.
dBsaMem mejt npeBoexoAHO. Ho jroÓonHTHa oxna nojpoóeocTb —
ito caMi> rp. QrporoHOBi npHcyTCTBOB&ii Ha dBsaMeHii, hchhB
BHaKt, ito naHAHAaTypa BoAftHCBaro y Hero a&bho Óujia. p&meHa;
ohi Tenepb npoBipa^i, ce6a. Ilocjit BToporo ncmiTama, RaqeHOB-
ckíě npeAJosHsx MOJOAOMy ciaBHcry h T8My &jisl AHCcepTaipH —
H3t OÓJiaCTH CJiaBflHCKOfi 9TH0rpa^ÍH — O HapOJHOft n093ÍH y CJaBflHX.
„BoAaHCBift, — CBasaHO bi npoTOBOjrfc, — sapanlie oftumurt, hto cia-
BflHCBÍa Hapiqifl h hxi jimrepaTypa cocraBJíaJiH rjaBHtift npejMerB
ero saHATiň* 2 ).
IIpHcyTCTBie rp. GrporoHOBa Ha assaMeH*, yTBepAHB* ero btb
npaBHjrbHOCTH CBoero BiiČopa, aosbojimo eMy ceĚqacb se oeraHOBHTbcs
na mucsh o AajuBHifimeirb marfc — o6*e ompaBBt Bujatomaroca no
CBoeft nojroTOBB-fc yieHHBa KaieHOBCBaro sa rpaHimy, ajm M ř krrHbixT,
CHCTeMaTHHecBBX* Hsy^eHifi, w& dojihoř noxroTOBBH bi» saeeAp^,
jiHnib tojibbo ^opiiajibHaa cropoHa A^a CyAerb y BOHi^a.
yse bi Hanajrb AeaaÓpa 1836 roAa, IIIa^apHK^, nojiyraai
on IIoroAHHa HSBicríe 061 btomi HanipemH OrporoHOBa, otb£-
^ajiT) caifUHx .shbiihi OAoCpemeMi. „BjiaropoAHoe HaiiipeHie
') ^ase H. QoieBoft KHary ByjrapHHa o6o3Baii T) aasocTHO& u — ho bt» necbirt Kt>
6paTy. Cm. „3anacKH Ke. QojeBoro a . Cn6. 1888, p. 426.
2 ) H. A. flonoBi, bi n Y. CrapEHt", 1879, Hoaópt.
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itaot c. r. CTPOroHOBi. 191
i,— nHcajn Ohi, — ompaBETB BoAflHCBaro bi seMJiH sanaíHHxi
h boshhxi (MaBflHi,, rto6bi bi nyTemecTBÍH ohx nor* npnroTOBHTB
četa bx cjiaBAHCRoft Kaeejipi, He aojisho oeraTBca Cest HcnoJHe-
HÍ5. 9to eAHHCTBeHHiitt nyTB, BOTopuft BeaeTB kb i$jih. Yme A&BUO
CjAjOBaao oópaTHTbca bi 9TOMy npieiiy. Moaera 6htb, — npopo-
tocrh saR-no^aji* hhcbmo IIIa^apHBx, — BCBOpfc nocjrfe btofo no-
citjiyiorB npHMipy Mocbbbi DeTepóyprB, XapBROBi e RieBi" 1 ).
PifflHTejiBeoe ojoópeme co CTopoau TaRoro BOMneTeHTHaro cyaiH
He Morjo 6utl 6e3pasjH<iH0 am rp. OrporoHOBa, h ohi aíJíctbh-
TeiBHO CBoeft mhcjih He ocraBHJx Češi CBoparo hciioji Herna, a cbo-
ero BoxflHesaro— Ha nojy-nyTH.
Tdiia ajiz MaracTepcRofi jnccepTaijiH, npe^oseHHaa RaieHOB-
ckhmi, (tana KairB HejB8a fojifce no jym* MOJiojony aroorpa^y,
h caMOMy no9Ty bi HapojtHOMi croafc — kb po a* nojraKa tleioTa,
i mu yxHEiflTBCfl He ÓyaeirB, ito co^HHeme Čhjo totobo yse vb
eaiart 1837 ro^a. BucrpoTa bi Tpya* — paHHaa wpia xapaRTepa
BojaHCsaro.
Bi napil coíHHeme 6uj\o o#o6peHO b*b ^aByjuBTcrt, neraTaHÍe
ero oopyneHo KaieHOBCROMy, a bt> rohu,* naa npoHCxojHja h
caMaa san^HTa: OHa nponura „BecBMa yAOBjreTBopuTeJBHo", BaB*
omfrieHO b*b npoTOKOJit, h onaTB npir HenpeMÍHHOMX npHcyTCTBÍH
rpa$a OrporoHOBa.
HaB^CTHufi CeHROBCRifi, mypHajOMi. BOToparo sa^HTUBajiHCB aa»e
n Dparíb '), ho caiiojiioÓHBBift caiioxBajit, ofisiiHiiirB cbobmi npa-
Bfaom — H3^*BBoft — bctp&thjix Tpya* Hamero nepBaro uiaBucra.
HoMepaHBaa mbtcjih KaqeHOBCBaro o hojbs* HayqeHia cjiaBiiHCRHXt
Haptqift, CeHBOBCBÍfi bi to se Bpeiia He crfccHfljica pacnpocTpaMTB,
bi MHHyTQ cnasirB, h Hejrtnua mhíhía o jayqniHxx pfhaTeMTb CJia-
BaHCRofi Hayse, h, BOHe^HO, 9to jnerBOMucJieHHoe OTHomeHie tími
Meate HSBHHHTeABHO, q*ifB Burae 6um HifeHa jem, noABepraBmnxca
ero oÓn^ecTBeHHOHy npentemio, i&mk HenperoTOBJíeHfffee 6ujia nyÓJiHKa
n neqaTHOMy cjiOBy.
Ha^aBi cb oxyjeHÍa TpyxoBi ftafípoBCRaro, KonHTapa, ]Ha$a-
pmca, no^aeB-je xBacwHBuxi, Bcerja HeocToposHHxi, o^HocTopoa-
híxx, CeHBOBCBift BaBi 6h nepeJiaraen* bt» nposy npnBe,neHHyK)
Bume BOMHHecsyK) xapaBTepncrHBy oiaBaHi* y Mnn,KeBHqa bx
') HepeiiHCia lIorojwHa, II, 185.
3 ) Cp. imctMO TaHKB ki KenneHy, 6esi wth, ho teki, roxal886 — 87: „BospacTy
p/ccsaro cjobe paxy»CB h Hnx-ae HacjaxAa»ct; bto yxHBHTei&HO, Ka&ie ycu*xn jh-
TepaTjpa aama m> Tasí sopoTsoe Bpen/i cxfaaia! Kasla xopomifl HStficTÍji noxaerb
BJun. nic. Anpíjt Bh6i. xju vrema! fl noiy^aro btoti sypnaji ci Haiaja ero cyme-
CTBOBaaúi"... (Hro HamH» MaTepiaioBi).
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192 84CTHHKB EBPOnbI.
„JJsasaxi", h oÓMBJíaerB, *to sto h em TBMa, Ha KOTopyio
BoAflHCBift npeA^osMi cboh BapiaitfH. ,0b 9HTy3ÍacTaMH pascys-
AaTb HeB03MoatHo a l ), — saKJiioqaerb CeHROBCRift.
Ho T9Ma Ka^eHOBCKaro, o6croflT&jí>HO pa3CM0TpÍHHaa ero y^eHH-
BOBfB, Bnojrafc 0TB4«ia.aa xpetioBaHiro BpeMeHH.
H3BÍCTH0, CB KaKHMT* BOCTOprOlTB BCTp&THJIH BT> EBpOUfe 06l>-
aBHBmiftca poAHHKt HapojjHofi hobsíh y cepÓOBi, ocoóeeHo cpejH
cjaBAHi. Bx nociÍAyK>npfl #Ba;maTB jt6t* nocii cepócsaro ns^ama
Kapa^SHia hbhjiocb MHoro cÓophhrobi cjiaBBHCRBxx ntceHx. Caí-
AOBaT&ibHO, oómiB oósopB CA^raHHaro bi btoH otijacra 9THorpa$iii,
et BUBCHeHieMi aTHBiecRHXi qeprB oapojHOft itIchh, 6bwi h CBoe-
BpeMeHeHi, h nojeseHi, msRa* hobíjxt, paÓOTHHROBi Ha Ty se
oómepRyřo HHBy. JJajibHMmaa cyjbtfa HayRH onpaB^a^a BojuiHCRaro:
wb dTHorpa^H^ecRHxi Tpyxaxi — o^ea hbi sacjiyrB pyccRofi HayRH,
KOTopaa KaKi 6u fb jeBHSi jm cetfa nocraBHxa cepxe^Hus cjiOBa
CTapmaro coBpeMeHHRBa BoA*HCRaro, cRasaHHBia hotth Torja se.
„E&ih ifoseMi, — roBopHn ÁMBpocitt MeT.iBHCBÍfi, H3AaBaa CBOH
„,H,yMKH a bi 1839 r., — coxpaHHTB naMBTB xotb oahoh) hs-l m-
pojmera seMJiH h He coxpaHHMi h ame nornÓHerB ejHHufi otb
Majiuxi chxt., rpfexx nasra otb Bóra BeJiHRÍft a . TopBRO cfrroBajrB
BoAflHCKitt Ha KapieBCKaro kb 1838 r., ito totb BeJiHRopyccsifl
nícHH cboh Bce AepsajrB hoa*b cny^oirB, xora Harara coÓepaTb
eme bi 20-x* ro^axi,...
^TO^se sacaeTCfl caifaro BunoJHemfl, to AHCcepTauifl Hamero
uepBaro Maracrpa h qpesx iraoro-MHoro jAtb Óujiq. cb HHTepecoirB
HOBOft ŘEHTE.
H TaR%, $opifajBHafl cropoHa zhas. Ha MÍcrfe, Bt Mocrb£,
ótua ORonqeHa. TenepB rp. CřporoHora nopyqaero CBoeMy H86pafl-
HHRy 8aHBTBCfl oqepeftHHMi BonpocoMi — HsroroBRofi yiefoaro h
yneHaro ajih cetfa niaHa nyTemecTBia kb cjiaBAHCRÚi seiun hjh,
BupaxaflCB asuKOMT* o^Hi^iaJBHMMi), nyTemecTBÍa „npeniiymecTBeHHO
wb TaRifl CTpaHti, ROTopiifl npeACTaBJaOTB wa Hero Haaóojr&e bciio-
MoraTejiBHiixi cpeACTBi" — b% Abctpíéo, repiiamřo h Typi^io, npa
npn paacqerfe ero BtinoJHeHia wb ABa ro^a. PaĎOTa c^ana 6uja
CRopo, h He Aajte RaR*B 3 ík>j\b rp. GrporonoBi hm&ii bobmos-
hoctb nocaaTB bt» MHHHCTepcTBO caMuft EJiaHi*, npn caifOMi Ten-
jomx xo^aTaficTBÍ o caiiofi ROMaHAHpoBRi, Bonpocb HexerROifb jjia
Tóro BpeueHH 2 ).
l ) n £a6j. wa HT6HÍji tt ) 1887, Mafi.
*) Gp. xaioÓH o5naHyBmarocji CTHneHxiaia wb Jepirr*, H. 5. TopxoBa, 6ytymaro
3K0B0MHCTa, bt> 1838 r., Ha MHHHCTpa, He nycnumaro ero sa rpami^y. — Bapcycorb,
JloroxHHi, V, 142.
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rpAtfb o. r. CTPoroHOBx. 193
„KaHAHAarb MOCROBCsaro yHaBtepcHTera, Iocb$b Boahhcrí&, —
nHcajB 9HepnraecBÍfi none^irrejiB MHHHcrpy, — ofo yTBepamemH ko-
Toparo fb ereneHH Maraerpa a hm&te toctb npeAcraBHTB b. b-bj
29 íiom, cb oco(5eHHOK) jhoÓobík), BHaHÍeitL h ycnixoMi saHHMaeTca
HCTopieio h jiHTeparypoio cjiaBflHCRHxi Hapiraift h npe^craBejit yse
híckojibko coqHHemft no ceMy npegMery.
9 Do npex^oseHÍio MoeMy, BoxancBifi bsmbhjtb coraacie npo-
AOJsaTb saHUTÍfl cboh, cb t$jtb, htoóh flM (JtoiBniaro ycoBepmeH-
CTBOBaHifl vb HCTopiH h jHTepaTypfe onaBflHCRExi Hapí^ifi oTnpa-
BHTBCfl sa rpaHHijy h Ha írftcrfc HsywrB cíh npeAMero. EtoaHx cero
nyTemecTBifl BsiflCHeHi b*b npnjiaraeMOfi sanHcrfj.
„Hcaaraa cb yBÍpeHHOCTtio, to> Bo^hckíě bhociíactbíh cb
nojiBdoio mosctb sanniiaTB bi yHHBepcHTerfe Raeejpy no osHaqeH-
HOMy npe^Mery fb SBame npo<f>eccopa, hmíéo necTB noKopHifime
npocHTB b. b-bo oOb HcxoftaTaficTBOBaniH Bucoqafimaro coBSBOjema
Ha ompaBJíeHie ero 3a rpaHHn,y Ha ABa roaa, Ha chotb bbohomh-
necKHXT* cymrB BBipeHHaro mh& yHBBepcHTera, cb Bu^aroio no 4
thc. py6. vb ro#B. 9Ta cyrnia, no mhíbíbo Moeiíy, HeoóxoAHiia,
noroMy-TTO BoAflHCKifi, Kára bbjbo bsi njaHa, AOJUseHi óy^en
X&iaTB HaiHmHÍfl HBxepsBH Ha neperu bs* ochoto Micra kb
apyroe, wa nojiynema CB&Aemft, jjia BOToptixi ornpaB.iaeTca''.
Rb otbítb Ha dTO, ynpaBJiflBini& MHHHcrepcTBO&rB, rp. Opora-
cobi, npHBasajrB coo6bd(btb rp. OrporoHOBy, hto ohi totobx xo#a-
TaficrBOBaTb, ho isejiaerB, htoÓh BoAflHCRift npe#BapHTe.iBHO 6ujh
ofosaHi noAHHCBOio npociysHTB b* BBaHie npenoABBaT&ia He iieHie
12 jítl 1 ). IIoAnHCsa 6iwa bsbtb (h b* ^opMyjHpoBEi, BOTopaa
HM&ia HŠKOTopoe SHaqeme wb nosflBMraeft HCTopiH cb íaeTqepoarL
y EoflflHCKaro, bi> 1848 roay), h 24 aBrycra rp. IIpoTacoBi OTnpa-
BB.TB Vb BoSHeCeHCBX, VKh Vb TO BpeMfl npOBCXOABJTB 8HaMeHBTUft
eMOTpB, ki> Ero BejiHqecrBy caMoe xoxaTa&CTBO.
„HpBHHMaa bo BHHMame, — neca^x ynpaBaaiomifi MBrncrep-
CTB01TB, — CB OAHOft CTOpOHÍJ A^fiCTBHTeJIBHElfi He^OCTaTORl Vb JO-
CTOfifluxi npenoAaBaieJiaxi no nacra HCTopiH h jBrepaTypti cjia-
BfiHCKHXi Hapinift, BomeAnrarB no HOBOMy ycraBy wb sypcí Haysi
yHHBepcHTeTCBBxx, a cb Apyrofi, tto BoashcbíA, cb ycnixoifB sa-
HBMaionpficfl chmh npeftiieTaMH, no ycoBepmescTBOBaBin ce(5a sa
rpaHtmeřo ; bi coctobbíb Cy^en sasflTB cb hojibsok) noHBByTyio
KaeeApy, a nojiarara 6u ompaBBTB ero Ha ,pa rox& kb nyxie Rpaa,
Vb yBasaHHHB rp. OrporoHOBEiMi artcra. Ha npBBexeme TaBOBoro
*) Otb 22 inu. ApxHBt M. H. Hp., Jé 54,871.
Tou* IV.— Idie, 1896. 18
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194 BftGTHHKB EBPOIIil.
npexnojoseHÍa b-b ff&ftcTBie, Hip&K> cqacrie HcnpanraBaxB Bucoqafi-
maro Bamero HiinepaTopcRaro Bejmecraa coasBOjema".
y»e 7 ceHTAÓpa crarcB-ceRpeTapB TaHÍeB* yB^xoMHJi^ rp.
IIpoTacoBa o nocjrfuiOBaBineft Buco^afimeffi pesojKmia 31 aBrycra:
„CorjiaceffB 8 , a 10-ro totb nocTaBiui kb hsb£cthoctb mocrob-
csaro nonewrejia, ho cb npejpioaieHieMi — „npn ompaBjeHiH BojaH-
CEtaro BMÍHHTb eiíy vb ofíasaHBOCTb, hto<5h ohx no Rpaftaeft arfep-fc
qepesi Ra&Aue qerape artcaija npHCHJiajFB jOHeceHia Rasi Bára,
TaKx paBHO h MHHHdpy Hap. npocBÍmeHia o cbootb saHáTiaxx".
HeflBdfl He bhí*tb, hto bi to BpeMfl Bav* rp. CTporoHOB* osa-
suBturB nojHoe ^OBÍpie CBoeMy H3ÓpaHHHRy, He ctíchhh ero hh-
qira, rp. IIpoTacoBi xep&ajCH HHoro, KamjejiapcRaro, (5yMa®Haro
npieiia. Bnpo?era, btotl BsrjuwB He noirfunajrB eiiy Torja ae,
11 ceHTafípa, oópaumca ri HaraeMy nocay kb Bifffe, rp. Tara-
meBy, cb Teujiuwb osoBora 6htb kb noiioqB HameMy nyremecTBee-
HHRy. „IIopy<iaa cero ifOJOAoro raaoBiRa BaraeMy noRpoBHTejBCTBy,
a,— nncaxB rpa^x,— o6pam,aK)CB kb Bára cb noRopH&ftmeio npocBÓoft
yxocroHTB ero Bamnra BHHMamera, co#b&CTBya eMy saBucamHMH
otx BacB cpeACTBaiiH Ri AOCTH2ReHÍK> uhnil npexnpHHflTaro Hra ny-
TemecTBifl, npn OTnpaBjemu hsx aBcrpi&CRHXi BJia^Hifi kb muib-
HÍflfflift nyTB, cHaÓAHTb ero peROifeHAaTejBHHMH nscBicaMH k-b no-
cziaHHHRara h arenrara HaniHra kb tíxi iri&CTaxi, Ryaa om no
Ha3Ha?eHÍK> Aomera Óy^era onipaBHTfeca" 1 ).
IIoRofiHiift B. H. rpHropoBHqx ojhot (Siwb 6u kb cocroamH
AaTB bck) i$Hy dToft jno6e3Hoft npeaynpexHTejBHOCTH rp. Ilpoia-
coBa, noMHHaa cboh npieMH y Hanraxi AHiuoMaTHHecRircB hhhob-
hhrobi kb 40-xb roftaxx...
Bi ocHOBy xo^aTaňcTBa rp. OrporoHOBa JierB luaHt, BiipaĎo-
TaHHtifl, no ero ysasaHiio, EoflUHCteHra. 9totl nepBtiff upoeKrt
o$$HijiajiBHofi ROMaHAHpoBRH bx ciaBAHCRÍfl seium 6hjtb Haftjeex
KB MHHHCTepCTBÍ HaCTOJBRO npaBHJIbHUMX, *TO 6im OflOÓpeHT, 6eKB
8aAepsRH; aase mpHRi Boctorokb He 6011 aanpomeHL — BnpoqeMx,
btottb npieMx BOmejrB b-b o6uqafl híckojbko nosse. Ho rjaBHoe —
njiaffB BoftflHCRaro eraHOBHTCfl TenepB b-b bsbícthoitb cmbicjií Ra-
HOHOMX AJH MHHHCTepCTBa no OTflomeHÍ» kb ApyrniTB yHHBepcHTe-
TaM*B, RaRi caimfi npieiii MOCROBCRaro noneraTejui — npaBHJioirb
jJUÍ HHXl.
YaRe 17 ceHTaÓpa nod^AOBajrB i^apKyjapB M&HHCTepcTBa r*b
none^HTejflirB npoHHxi oRpyroBi (neiepÓyprcEtaro, RasaHCRaro h
xapBROBCKaro), BU3BaHHufl ROMaHflHpoBRoft BojaHCRaro.
*) ApxHfft Meh. H. Dp., J* 54.871.
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Google
rPAOT c. r. OTPoroHOBi. 195
„Bt o6wfiin> ycrarf pocciftCRHX* yHHBepcHTeTore, — ijapRyjapHO
mcaro rp. npoTacoro, — nojaraeica m I otj. $Kioco$CBaro $a-
Rymera Raeejpa HCTopin h jnrrepaTypiz CJiaMHCBHix Hapliift.
Tara Rast npexiierb ceft He bxoahxb npeaje bx cocraro yHHBep-
CHrercRaro Rypca, to hhhí BecBMa TpyxHO Hafiro Bnoanfc enocoó-
hhxi npenojaBaTeaeft onaro. IIoceMy Heo6xoAimo, no RpaftHeft
n£pi>, Ha nepBufi para xocTaBHTB otb npaBHTeiBCTBa saHHMai)-
mHMca 08HaqeHeiufL npeweTOirB h sejaroniHirB biiocjíactbíh aa-
BflTb bi yHEBepcHTert Raee^py — cpejcra zi npio6pinreHÍK> Hys-
hhx* wa Tóro CBÍjeeift 1 ).
v r. noneHHTejiB MOCBOBcaaro y*. o&pyra am AOCTHaema ceft
qira npexcraBHJTB 061 ompaB^eHie ojHoro mojiojoih) yqeHaro, no-
^MTHBmaro ce6a HByiemK) Hapfriift eAHHonjeifeHHux 1 * Ham Hapo-
aobi, Ha ABa roja sa rpaHHijy h npeeMymecTBeHHO b* Tasu crpaeu,
KOTopua npexcTaBJUiiOTB ajh Hero bi ceirB oTHomeHÍH Han(5ojie
BcnoMoraTeibHuxx cpeACTBi. npeAnojoseme r. nonewiejui yaocroH-
ioch no BcenoMaHH^fimeMy AOKaaay MoeMy Bucoiafiinaro yTBeps-
jema.
„IIpenpoBoauiaa npeceirt xocraBJíeHHEift onrpa^a CTporoHOBa
maex TasoBaro nyremecTBifl, noRopff&ftme npomy jbíaomhtb iieHa,
ee npHSHaeTe m bii, m. r., Hy&HHMi npaHaTL noftotinua M$pu
AJ& saartmeHia KaeejpH caaBaHCRHx* Hapirift bi BB&peHHOMi Bani
ymiBepcHTert h He Hifiere jih bi Bnxy chocoÓhhxi k% TOMy JHivt".
IIosBOjnrrejibHO xyMaTB, qro Cest rp. OrporoHOBa h ero BojaH-
csaro BonpocB kb caMOirc MHMCTepcTrfi saMimemH hoboS, cja-
eaHCROft, saeeAPH ocraBaaca 6h floaro (Ses* ABEsema, npexocraB-
jieHHHft caMOMy ce6*, A*Jy cayiaa. He saÓyaeMi, hto caMaa Ra-
eejpa nonaJia bi ycraBi tojbro npa nocjrfejHeft ero peiaKi^H;
Kóny se OHa Ha nepBtixi nopaxi MOiua 6htb <5.iH8Ra?.. 3acJiyra
rpa$a OrporoHOBa npe^B pyccRoft HayKoft e^Ba jih Mošen <5htb
BonpocoirB.
HoneTOTejH neTep6yprcRÍ8, rh. ^oHxyROBi-RopcaROKB, h xap&-
SOBCRÍft, rp. TOJOBREHl, OTBÍTOMX H6 TOpOHHJIHCB; 8a TO HX*B
otb&th conpoBOSAajHCB yRasaHÍera e caiiHxi sejaHHHix RaH^H-
AaTon. IlepBuS oTB^^ajrB tojbro 30 anpiuui 1838 ro^a h peRO*
MeHAOBan xepnTCRaro ywTeja IleTpa npeftca (npoHCxosAenieifB
nojuaa); BTopoft en^e no32Re, 28 Maa, h peROMeHAOBan a^iOHKTa
nojHTHqecROfl 9K0H0MÍH, Maracrpa HsnaHJia CpesHeBCRaro. KpoM-h
tóro, ora Ilpeftca nocTynHJTB caM0CTOflTejiBHii& njaHi cjaBaHCRaro
*) 3*feci» sa noit EapaHxamHafl 3air6TE&: „QrjMfiBTb riaBHaro Ilexar. HHCTHTyTa
HiaHHDien wb IIpari a . O^bbhxbo, npinomiHaHie, tto yse HBaHHmeffB saemcaeTCJi
ciaBiiHCBm HapiwMH. Ho EBaHEmen Óhjtb Dpecn.
13^
Digitized by
Google
196 BfcCTHHK-B EBPOnH.
nyTemecTBÍfl, h»b XapBBOBa biActo mam npucjiaea Ótua Bpn-
Tna mam EoAflHCnaro, npeHa^esaBrnaH npo$eccopy ryjasy-Ap-
TeMOBCKOMy. OKBLWb Ba8SHCRÍfi none^HTaiB, MycHHi-IIyinBHHi, ot-
ritaaji HeMe^a, cnycra HeMHoro flHeft nocaí sanpoca, ho cl bíctamh
XyAHMH — OTl 7 OKTflfipfl.
MycHHir DyniRHHW biiojihí coiyBCTBOBara npieiiy rp. Orporo-
HOBa, HOB3BÍmajx, tto flM Hero okb HeBiraojiHHWB, KOHe^HO, no
mícthhmte» ycJOBÍBMi yMpepmeTa. „%OÓEI OTHpaBJHHOmiftCH Bl
yqeHoe nyTemecTBie, nncarB ohx, no iuaHy r. none?nTeji* mocbob-
CRaro y^efaaro oBpyra bhojhí Mor* H8i Hero HBBJíeiB osHxaeMyH>
nojray, eMy HeofcoxHiio aojsho hm4tb yse BecBMa ftoeraTOTOiui
TeopeTH^ecBifl CBÍjeHia bx Hapiniaxx cjaBjmcBHrB, <5htb xopomo
BHaBOMy cl coqHHemaMH htb jyqmexi iracaTejeft, nara #peB-
hhxt>, TaKi> h HOBifimnxx, ORHEWh caoBOMi,, nyTemecTByiomift aoj-
seHi 6bitl yneHtiMír, a He yqeHHBOWB. He Hirfw TenepB bi BHjy
HHBoro oco6eHHO 8aHHMaion^arocfl nsy^eBiein, CJiaMHCKHxx Hapiraift,
A HaxosycB vl HeotizojHMOCTn npexcTaBHTB Bameiiy c-By Ha ycMO-
Tp^HÍe — He H8BCJHTe JIH Bil npH3HaTB BOSMOSHEWB Ha3Ha?HTB CHO-
coňHaro MOJOAoro yqeHaro ixa nyTemecTBÍa Ha cierh BasaHCKaro
yHHBepcHTeia h co BpeMeHeirB ai* sairfcmeHia vh něm Baeejpu
HCTOpÍH H JHTepaTypH CJiaBflHCBHXl Hap^HÍfi" 1 ). KOHeHHO, He 9T0IXX
MHHHcrepcTBO HCBajo, a — paBA^iema xpy.ua no ipy^HOMy Bonpocy;
Merita se Bcero oho moimo HyxxaTBCfl vb BasaHcsoft HHcrpyBipB
hjh bi KasaHCKHx-B jeHBraxi.
A. Ro^yBHHOBlfi.
«) ApxHBi M. H. Op., Té 65. 108—1940.
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ynpHMAfl
„A Rebel" by A. Mathers.
— Boo6paseHÍe?L #a oho-to h cocraBjaerb npHqHHy no apaft-
Heft M*p4 Tpexi, qeTBepieft HamHxx ÓíxctbííJ. He <5yx* ero Ha
Cfiirt, HaiTL npHXOAHJOCb 6ll HCniJTUBaTb oxhh tojbbo 4>H3HqecKÍa
crpaxama, CBasaHHua cb HeyxoBJíeTBopeHHUMH HOTpefoocTflMH qeao-
riwecBaro rkia. Mu crpaxajia 6u or& óojfeHefl, otb iwoxa, on
xaioxa, — ho h TOJibKO. Torxa mu He cxoxhjh 6h cl yiia otb ropa
H CKOpÓH 8a ÓJIH8KHXI H AOpOrHXt HaHB JK>Xefi, MU He HCHUTU-
Bara 6u 6ojrÍ8HeHHaro coCToaaia, BUSBaHHaro peBHOCTBK) hjh oÓMa-
HyxyMi caMOJiKXJieMx; cepxije Hame He HaxpRBaiocB <$u Hax* rhwb y
htí), coÓCTBeHHO roBopa, BOBce HacB He KacaeTGa h ctohtb Bl CTOpOfffe
on HacB. HaaoHeifB, b4«b h caMufi aarB shbhh, Kára cymecrBO-
Bama, npHeocHTB mm* BooÓme Ďojibine Myra, Hesejra paxocra h
JEsoBania.
3rfpb Ha BOJlfc, BeCTL-HHACRÍft HeBOJBHHKB, HIKOJIBHHKl, BOTOpuft
BBpBajica Ha CBotfoxy — botb exHHCTBeHHue bhojhí c^aeruBue jk>xh
Ha 8eMjrfe, a Mesxy tím*, hm*b HHRaaoro rfua hítb xo Bootfpa-
aeeia h eMy — xo betl.
— Ho pasBt He Bootipaseme xotobhao HaMi BejHiafinria hsi
TBopeeift HCRyccm h yMa, a cjr&x<>BaTe.iBHO, h BeaHqa&mia hkb
HacjwaxeHift? — Bospaseja EaM*.
— IlycTflRB! Baraiafiniee, coBpeMeeriflmee hsi TBopemfi —
toiobíki, cosxaHO hsx caMaro coeraBa npepoxu h ea cboActrb; ho
nyen> tojbko 8TOTB caMufi tohobíwb nonpoČyerB xaiB bojiio CBoeMy
Bootipasemio — h owb HaTBoparB cetíí 6$nu, Bnaxera *b ysaraM-
mia saÓJiysxeHÍfl... ecju tojbro He coftxero w> yMa, ne Ha^eers
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Google
198 BftOTHHKl BBPOHH.
rOHflTECfl 8a HeyJIOBHMHMH MeHTaMH. BCflRaH RpafiHOCTB — Herop-
MajBHa. CoBepmeHHO sxopoBoe asHBoe cymecrBo faejiOBfcRi hjh sbh-
BOTHoe) HHBorAa He bhahtb chobx mh bhaíhíS: oho HaciasxaeTCS
SH3HBK), CJtAOBaTeJIbHO, OHO BHOJIHfe CiaCTAHBO.
— Xopomo, nojo&HKB, — npoAOJisajia Báro: — ho kb TasoiťB
cayqaí, ecan bu OTBepraere Bootipaseme, Báro npuAeTca OTBepr-
nyTB caMoe cymecTBOBame BOcnoMHHaHifi h HaaesffB?
— Dohhtho! Hjih bii AyMaeTe, sto BOcnoMHHama Moryro ao-
CTaBHTL BaifB ZOTfl 6u BHOJOBHHy CTOJIbKO CiaCTJIHBUX* qaCOBl HJIB
Xase MHHyTB, CBOJBBO OHH KB BaCB OJKHBflTL MyiHTeJBHHX-B, Tfl-
sejnixii? BcnoMHHTe, SiiepcoHi coBŠTyerB Ham ÓpocHTB Aa^eBO
nosaAH Hamy „psaByro crapeHy"; JToHr^exno yniirB raci Toiiy se...
*Ití>, šasi ne nanaTL, He BOcnoMHHaHia, cKOBUBaen, jiio^efi ijínaini,
npHHHaaert h He AaerL noAHaTBca juowu% — MyaiHHairB hjh seH-
n^HHaifi Óespa&iHiHO, BOTopue HHaie moiuih 611 bo8bbichtbca ao
HHoro, jy?maro otipasa shshh h boabophtb ero Ha pasBajiHHaxT>
npeaKHefi?
— Ho noieiiy crapaa sbhshb HenpeMÍHRO noA-iesím paspy-
meHiío? — thxo cnpocMa Bam.
— Kaši: „no*eiiy? a — cb rope%K> BOspasHJia jtoah Cbh) *). —
#a no^eiiy ciaerB cojHije? IIo?eMy ycaoBia shbhh ajia bcíx-l »h-
BHXl Cyn^eCTKB OAHHaKOBO TflSeJIH H H01TH HeB08M02BHH? IIOTOMy*
tro TaKB ysx oho ecrB — h HHBasie pasroBopu OToro He muknan*.
— Hy, nocMOTpÍTB Ha BacB, Tasí HHBorxa He CRa&emB, ito
shshb Bací nojiOMaja! — opotoBopuia BairB h BHHMaTejBHO orcia-
nyjacB Ha Mojcuyto senn^ny, KOTopaa Bca, cl hopb ao tojobu,
npoH8BOAHJia BnenaTJiiHie Tóro, hto HastiBaerca „maítresse-femme*.
— Bce noTOMy, hto a — ^hjioco^iI fl oiBepna npesmi míjkb,
fb BOTopoMx a auuia, h BH8Baia ero Ha (foft... TOJBKO He HOMHK),
^Tř) Měna HaTOJiBHyjio Ha Tama mbicjih? A, nouero, homhio: a yfás-
xajra Bací, hto HCRJHorarejiBHO BOoÓpaaeHie Bame BHHOBaTO b%
tomi, wo bh OTKasaju BejBMOpy h OT^aerecB Kaaouy-TO ne^nouj
HesHaKOlmy, BOToparo SHaere BaBHXi-HHÓyAB MŠcai^a Tpe, ne6oxbme.
KaaeTca, bh mohih 6u Bb-Bpeiia npeAynpexHrB MeHa, htoÓbi a
ycnijia, b*b cboio o^epe^B, npeAynpeAHTB BeaBMopa... Henero 6iua
*AaTB, hto(Íh ohx BepHyjica! — sasjrcoHHjra OHa cb Hero^OBanieMi.
— noqeicy a 3Haja, hto bh BH3BajH ero? S. co6epajiacB caMa
eMy racaTB... a sor^a yBH^aja ero y BacB bi rocTHHOft ceroxHfi
nepex^ o6*aomx, mhí cTajio oneHB rpycrao.
— Tas*, pajH Bóra, yati cRopift, ceroAHa ae, BOHna&Te, itoÓh
! ) Cbd— cospameHHoe „CycaHea".
Digitizeíby^OOQlC
ynpfliiAfl. 199
owb nora yixaTB Cb nepBUMi uofejoirB saBrpa se noyTpyl— boc-
BjuEHyja ropaio jibah Cbh>.— A He to okb noryÓHTB mok) Be?epnHKy:
Óyjera ce(í£ zonaTBCii bi cbohxx cepAe?Hiixi Myaaxx hjih eme,
nosaxyft, nycTHn ce64 nyjH> *b jofa! Ho, nosBOJBTe cnpocHTB,
bt> sem se sauicmeTca oootioe otíaaHie nj/Mepa nstnato?
— Wemeepmaw! — noarfrarao nonpaBMa ee Bam. — #0 chtb
nopi a (taia „HacroamHiTL oÓpasoirB* noMOJKiena tojibko wpw
pasa. Bh BHaeTe, a Bcerja co&ipaiacB bhéth sa yMHaro *exoBÍ«a,
ecJHÓH mbí cjyqaiocB bctpíthtbch ci hhitb npesje, iíitb a 6yxy
aeHOfi Apyroro, h botl...
Bára noy^oÓHie nojosHJia Ha nepnja cboh oÓHaseHHua pyKH
1 AoroBopaaa:
— ...Bóra a h Buxosy!
— A! 3Ha<raTB, ero npeBoexoACTBO HCUKHHTejiBHO yiiCTBeH-
Haro poja? — cyzo sairimuia mhjsah* — Hy, a mh4, Haotioporo, npa-
xojpuocb cjLimaTB, hto AymeBHEiirB xaqecTBara mu cxopfee hoa-
WHaera cboh y(54síeHÍa, a yMCTBeHHiira noKopaeMca jramB no ne*
o6xoahmocth...
— Cbk>I — ocTaHOBEia ee mhjo, ho aobojbho asBHTejiBHo npia-
leiBHHi^a. — 9to pascysAeme ysi cjuauiKowb rjyóoito am Bací. Ho
csasHTe: bej HHBorAa He AywajiH o Tóra, hto b-b cym,HOCTH bt> ray-
6iHÍ ÓOJLfflHHCTBa BOHpOCOKB JOSETb npOCTOe JlttÓOHUTCTBO? Bh-
jluil Bil, TOKI AÍTH JlOMaiOTL CBOH HrpyHIKH, OTOÓU nOCMOTp&TB,
vmo majia enympu? ?acro b&ab Tara Haqero h4tb; Tara nycTora!
— Hrpymrá bto Bce paBHO, a JiioÓOBHeKy h Mysy — hítb! —
B0spa8HJia Cbk> Bce Tasisecyxo. — Ho BaMx, saseTCJi, HHKorAa h
bb roxoBy He npnxoAHJO, ito h Haj* BaMH Taase iioryra npons-
boahtb noAOÓHue se ohuth?
— BecbMa bo8mosho. H a HaAfoocB, hto He pascunxttCB b*
npaxx, He OKasycB o6ifaH?HBO&, Kast npHBpara.
— A fb tomi se coctohttb, vb ero rjtasaxi, eatua nperora-
TexbHaa cua? — cb JHtóonuTCTBora AonpamBBajia Cbk>. — HeysejH
bh MoseTe jbcthtb ce<5a HaAesAofi 9 tto ohb Bací nojiíoĎHjn, sa tí),
to> bii caMH na Aoport cA&iaTBca xasse yMHoft seHqaHofl? O,
xyme^sa Moa, B8rjflHHTe bi sepsajio: bu Tam caopie, qiMX bi
yMÍ CBoein> oTLHH^eTe otbítl, noneiiy btotb hcjiob4bt» Bára ot-
xaeTca. PasBi Mohtbhb He roBopnrB HaifB npaiío, hto wl A&iax^
jdÓbb spacoTa rfejiecHaa Bcer^a Hwíerh npeHMymecTBO eaix coBep-
meHCTBanH yiia? ^Ohx" yMeuft qaaoBÍRi h Bjřo6aJica He bx Bacx
caiiHxi, a fb Bamy BpacoTy h CBtoecTB.
Bam eft He Bospasajia.
Ofla MOJina CMOTpkia Ha Teppacy, sa KOTopoft AajeKo BHHsy
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200 BftCTHHBt KBPOHfil.
apBO Cíjíuih posti. MpaiHaa sekera jfccoB* TeMHiua sa hhmh b
eme p&ne bujAjisím npHÓpeaeyio, cepeÓpncryio nojocy iiopa, bo-
Topaa TpeneTajia, cjobho jurna npepuBHCTo h cjsako, Basi 6kio-
CHiatHaji rpyAB Morynaro 6ora™pa — OKeaea. II osa au, otb ctíetl
cTaparo saMBa b^jio TensuifB jíthhmi BOSAyloiťB, HanoeHHuifB sa-
naxoMx Maprt h sacMHHOKB. Rb hcitb apoMart ijbítobx cjraaica
cb rpoMKHMi, BotójmjieRBuwb roBopoin> rocTeft-nrpoKOKB, BOTopufi
AOHOCHJicfl hob OTBptiTaro OKHa Heno^ajieBy.
— Hítb Hysxu cnpamHBaTb, ÓorarB jih ohi? — HacMfcmjHBO
npoAOJiasajia Gbh). — YMHtie jioah HHBoraa He foiBaioTi 6ora?aMH.
Ho mťb owb nojynaeTL?
— ító sapatfoTaerc.. Ho a yirfcro ssapHTB h BapHTB h yqycB
ffftjiaTB npoTeprae cynu...
— A ecTB y Hero *to-jlh(So Bnepean?
— Hícbojbbo TticflTO bí HacďfejCTBO otb ópaTa; #a h tí He
HaB&peo.
— H bii pa3CHHTLiBaeTe Ha hhxi? Bh ero pasopHTe. Dociy-
mafiTe! JEeHm,HHa, BOCHHTaHHaa bt» aobojilctbí, HHKor.ua He Óyaera
xopomeft seHofi <%AHHBy. Eiiy cjr&flyera BtiÓHpaTB ce64 kb aseHB
AÍBymKy, BOCHirraHHyK) bi> CRyjocTH, — xosaftBy h raBeio. Kbbi hh
jíoÓhtl Mys** sseHy cboio, oh-b CBopfefi npocTMrt eft tasbíA rpixx
h npecTyiueHie, Hexejra pyóanrey 6esx nyroBHiji hjh noAropkaoe
asapsoe.
— A nepBinrB pjbjíowb 6yay otípamaTB BHHMame, htoÓii hh
toto, hh Apyroro He ciy?ajiocB, — Bospasnja Bam: — a ecjn mh4
eiy^HTCfl MHoro chaítb oaho&, nponiBi CByBH y iiera HafUyTCa
CBOH BaHflTÚl...
JldAH Gbh> HaciiinMHBo pascirfuMaeB.
— „3aMTÍa? a vb AeBflTHaAi^aTb-TO jt&tb?.. Hítb, ftoporaa:
Bame aawimie — (farraTB, CMfoTBC*, 6ojh>iiihmh rjiOTBaMH BfttixaTB b*
ce<ta jrhshb, Basi 9to Akiaiorb cHJBHBie, BAopoBue ijbIjth hjh pac-
TeHifl. Bame aíjk) — BecejiHTB Apyraxi, AOcraBjflTB hmi pa^ociB h
yribxy: pasBi ci Bac* dToro HeAOBOJBHo? npHÓepeniTe bh cboh
BCflKia „cpejcTBa" b*b Tony BpeMeHH, KOrja Bama npoBopHaa
noxo^Ba CTaHen saiieAJuiTBCfl, a híshuS vfi&Tb jraija nponaAera
H^JIUXl AOBATHaAI^aTB jňvb fl SHia SHBOTBOfi SH3HBH), —
uporoBopHJia Sam, tm^sl Ha jyHy: — ho TenepB a HaMtpeea 6htb
pasyifHHWB, pasBHTBiifB cos^aHÍeMi,, h Apyroin Ha bck> shshb hs-
6paja ce64 yiiHaro, pasBHToro ^eJiOBtsa. MoaseTB 6htb (no^eiiy
3HaTB?) oni OTBpoerL bo mh* to, ^ero He sawltaajiH npesBHie moh
»eHHxn: hto y MeHa eciB yMi h sxpaBtift cmhcjii...
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ynpaMAjj. 201
— Ho *&wb y Bací ero <5o.*í>me, vbm> ÓoaBine BairB npHAeica
npHMÍHflTB ero b*b A&ay, tímx 6aií>me .6yxen Bame hcaobojilctbo
shshbio! — cb Aoca^ofi npepBaaa ee npiaTeaBHHiia. — ^a tto bh, He-
yxejH cotiiipaerecB h b-b caMOiťB a*** <ytfuiaTB ce<$4 hstb Myasa
jpyra h TOBapama? Axi bh, Mofi nTemHBiI ^a saaeTe jih bii, hto
seHu bi racaiy pan 6ojBme jHtóara tíxb Mysei, KOTopne b-b
Hnil paBBOAymHti, a othk>ab He TaBoro, KOTopufi fle a&ctb sérii
caiiofi xoTfl 6u pasBflsaiB JieHTH y umami (Jes* ero noMom.0. Bc4
Mys^HHii ea cbítí xhaarcsL Ha ab& Kaieropia: oahh xoTan,, htoÓbi
hit, otiosajH, a ípyrie ra^ero jyqmaro h He sejiaiorB, Basi
hubko, wto6u hmx pasp&meHO 6mo otiosaTB npeAMero CBOefi
erpacTH... Ki BOTopofi se hkb 9thx* AByx* Kaieropifl npuHa^e-
zotb Bami m-jkb.., M-pi... npaBO, a He npenoMHio, Báro ero
80Byn? Ho ecM Bára csyiHTca 6htb npaBeceHHOfi bx atepTBy,
noMBine: y tojctuxi aioAeft ÓHBaerc, paspusi cepaija, y xyAHXi —
nopHBi (npacTH. BepeniTecB: bx Bací íiosera pasrop&TBca ropám,
ecjH bu BĎ-BpeMji He ocrepeseTecB!
— Hy, h ítosi A&JBme? — cnpocoia MOJOAaa A^syniBa.
— A AajBme tí>, ito eciH 9to cl BaMH cay?HTca, a obi
ocraHeTca Bce TaBHifB se yMHUMi h MuciamBirB, — Tor^a ys*B 6e-
perniecB! Botb h Bce. Bcasaa seHnyraa jhdÓhtb, hto&b ee jk>-
tone; ecjie se OHa Moaerc> oÓoBthcb Cesi jhoÓbh ifys«Hu, eciB
00a HadOJBBO TBep.ua xapaBTepowB, htoÓbi OTCTpaHHTB otb ce(5a
bcí co6ja3Hu, OHa yse HenpuBaeBaTejiBHa b*b rjasaxi Mysiemi;
OHa He seHH^HHa 9 a npocro saBoft-TO HeyaaBinifica iiysíHHa. Ea
xapaBTepi, ea oópameaie craHOBaica kb TaBOft se M*pt písbhmh
h HeflpiaTHHMB, b-b BaBofi ohh Óhjh 6u iiarBHMH, upiaraaMH, Be-
JiHKOAymHHMH, ecjiBÓu efi yAaaocB Hafira noAXoaamaro ce64 Mysa.
DpiaTejLHBi^a Gucrpo noBepHyaacB bi sefi jhijomx.
— O^Hasose bii cb ^sopsem. Bcerja, noBH^BMOMy, qyBCTByeie
xpyrB kx Apyry noanoe pacnoaoseme? A Mes^y tími bu tobo*
pHTe, KaBt 6yAT0...
— ^oporaa Moa! — na^aaa cyxo h HacraBHTeaBHO adw Cbio, —
BaatTe, oto paHo bjih hosaho HacraHerL BpeMa, Kor^a i^int, cba-
8y»maa Bací cb MyseMi (sa^B 6u OHa THÓKa hh 6iiaa), no-
pBerca. Heor.ua cay^aexca TaBi, hto ee mosho hohhhhtb; ho ecae
ma, — dpywH seHn^BHa, — ycnfterB yxBaTHTBca sa CBoCoAHBie kohijíj
b 8aTaHyrB hxx bx Kp*nKÍfi y3ejfB, npesxe hímx ycnieie bto caí-
MTB Bil...
Gbio npiocraHOBHJiacB.
— ftpytantl — rayxo BOCBaHBHyaa HeBtcra.
— ^a. Botb h Bce!
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202 BfcCTHHKB BBPOim.
BaMi> npHABHHyjacL (brase thxohbko nojiosajia pysy Ha pyicy
CBoeft coÓechunEun.
Ta npoxojisajia:
— Tojibbo CMOTpHTe, Kant 6u yjepaaTBca sa eam KOHeijx
itfnra... #a, aa: bto — nan*, 9to obobei, 6yAB ort cbhtbi hsi posx
hjh uši ÓypBflHa, Bce paBHO, ohí ÓyayrB h ocraHyrca twnfiMu, h
MesAy bhmh noHTH hštl paamifl. roAt cnyerfl nocJii aha Bameft
CBajbCřu, cnpocHTe caMH ce6a, MHjaa moh: — Hpaaiiocb jh a
CBoeiiy Mysy? — bmícto Tóro, wofo sadami ceófc BonpocB: — Hpa-
BHTCH JIH MHtb UJKb? — ECJH Bl OTBÍTCB nOXyiHTCH, OTO BH HpH-
huhcb eMy no BKycy,— Hy, h npespacHO. MoateTeótiTt choko&hh:
SHa^HTL, bh o^epsajiH Bepxx Ha#B bc&mh apyriíMH seHnuraagn,
BOTOpHXl OHI SHaBaJTB flO Tfo& HOpB; BII CT&IH Bfffe HX*B ROHByp-
peBitfH, xoth 611 sa bto BpeMa h ycirknH erpamHO noAypHfoB h
H3ir&HHTBCfl. IIpaBO, aoctoSho yAHBJíeeia, ao ?ero aseHH^HHa-xo-
saftita, *axe Aypeaa co6ok>, yirfierB yro^HTB Mysy Jiy^rae Bcasoft
KpacaBHi^u, h bmtb Ha#B Heio Bepx-B kb tíxi cxyiaraB, kb rtxx
MOJIOHaXl, BX BOTOpiIXX CaMUfi XOpOmeHBBÍH SeHH^HHH CB HHMH H6
MoryrB TflraTBCH. IIoB&pBTe mhí, ayma moa: hímx paHBme mu Ha-
yqHMCfl noHHMaTB HenpejiosHyio HCTHHy, qro mh, xeHniHHu, h Hame
ÓJiarococTOflHie saBHCHTL Bceitftao otl mhjocth h BHBMama My«-
umu, Tbwb jyqme ÓyxerB ajm naci caMHXi.
BaMx cjtfuaia OTpHijaT&iBHoe paseme pynoro, ho CbK>HeB03-
MyTHMO npoAOJsaxa:
— Bufrra sa foraiaro yxo0HO t^ítl, hto sto SHarorexBHO orpa-
HH^HBaenb cb ero eropoHu bosmoshoctb saeraBHTB Bací crpaxaTB
otl pfiuei&RUYh He^ocTaTKOB-L, 6htb caMoft 6oraToB — eme toto
jyqme, noiOMy oto Ha a4jt6 cboabtb ero bjectb hwb BaMH (bt>
AeHesHOMi CMuait) kb coBepmeHHOMy Hyjio. Ho ecjin y BacB hh
y Tóro, hh y apyroro hít*b HHKasHXi cpexcTBi...
OHa yMOj&ia h tojbko Bnpa8HT6JiBHO nosana iueiaMn.
— Bíab HeJiB3fl se CHHTaTb, hto xk>Óobb exHHCTBeHHoe bx>
JKB3HH, rto eio SH3HB Ha^HHaeTCfl h cb Heio se KOHqaeTca, — ro-
pa^o BOspasBxa EaMi. — Y Haci Óy^yn h Apyri* shestíb: smre,
HayRa... Ohb Meea óy^ert caMi> yqHTB... Cb BaMH, Cbk>, a Hcnpo-
6oBaia bch) npejiecTB xnxopaAOHHaro BHxpa, KOTopiifi xh>íh Haau-
BaBDTL yAOBOJiBCTBiflMH; fl ynHBaxacB rjyóoiaflniHMX, ÓesMATesHian
cnoKoftcTBieMx, Boropoe oxhh Ha8HBaH>TB MepoMx, a Apyrie — npo-
BaCaHieMi., ho TenepB a xoiy HaĚTH Tro-HHÓyAB cpe^Hee Mesjy
9THMH AByMH RpafiHOCTHMH. Ktoto uvb HHcaTexeft CRa8ajrB: — w Mo8
pasyMi — botb rAÍ Moe ijapcrBo!" Mosotb (5htb, h mo& coÓCTBeH-
Hblft OBaSeTCfl TaKHMX OťífflHpeUMX...
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ynpflMAfl. 203
— HTara, — ÓeaHaAesHuirBTOHOMisaiiiTHJia Cbk>: — stotl noeuů
?ejOBÍKb noBe^erB Bacx no b&hihmi nyrairB sjíaccH^ecRoft HaysH.
Bh CMOTpHTe Ha Hero, Kára Ha hítcto Bucmee; a ohi, 6&AHJisKa t
no Bcefi BÍpoflTHOCTH, h He TpeÓyera, ttoÓh bii a3u&*h roi Hero
repofl hjh zora 6u ÓpajiH cl Hero npHM$pi>. Eaiy, 6&AHOMy, ropBRO
npexerca, Kor.ua HaerynHTB Bame pasoiapoBame, Koraa bii Haxo-
HeifB yBHAHTe ero TaraMi, BaKHirb oh-l ecn> Ha caiiOMi nisto, 6e&h
BOo6pasaeMtizi npnRpacB. ToBopK) Bairb Bfcpno, Eain>: mu, soh-
npHH, OEasuBaeiTL MyxiHHfc inoxyio yciyry, ecjie bobboahmi ero
Ha ntexecTajTE, cl ROToparo eMy, BecBMa ecrecrBeHHO, cy&AeHO CBa-
jHTicfl, — rbwh (forte, tto owl n He noAOspftBaen, ao Kasofi cre-
nera bhcoko mh ero eraBHMX. Ho ohx Tyra He npn něm: mu caMB
BIHOBaTH.
— Jlumb 6u Ohi caMi MeHfl He ocyAHJi sa bto, a ao xpyrHZ%
mhí Ai^a hítl! BnpororB, a xyMaro, xpyrie Tasse MeM He ocyAara.
— ^a (JpocbTe bii ero! — BCKpeqajia Cbk>, noóyatAaeifaa hhcthhb-
thbhhmi nyBCTBOMi. onacHOCTH: — bhxoxhto ce&b sa BeJibMopa, »h-
Bffre wb fiesxftftCTBie, HesaMuoiOBaToft, nycrofl shshbk) h hobÍpbto,
hto bto ÓyxerB am Bací se 3AopoB&e h a-m bcíto nojiesHie. By-
jera y BacL h AenerB baobojb, h pocsomHufi aomx, h Mahumi
bh ÓyxeTe bi coctoahíh noMoraTB. Cana npirpoxa cosAajia Bací wa
Tóro, htoCh CjiaroTBopaTL: bii Bce ceót pascipoHTe — h JAymy, h
rkao, ecJH AMHTe naA* cotfoio boj© OAHHOiecrBy h HysA*!.. A
scraiH: rA* ohi TenepB SHBera?
BawL na8Bajia mroS-to HeBOSMoateufi y^acrora kb lepií ro-
poja h ea npiaieabHHija nyTB He ynaia, onHpaacB, cjobho b% o6mo-
pont, Ha nepHJia ÓajiKoea.
— #a kto se ki BaMi TyAa noíAerB? — b*b onaama BiipBa-
jocb y Hea. — A aom*b BejBMopa tojbbo b*ab Tóro h SAeTi, 9T0(fcB
bh boimh vb Hero nojmoBJíacTkoft xosafiROfi!
— Hy, BHaeTe jih, ecjraó* oto 6ujh> Kporci-KacjiB,— aaxyM-
hhbo nporoBopwa Bani.: — a AyMaro... mhí Raseica, a He piraa-
lacs <5u... OTBasaTt... EejBMopy...
— A! Boti BHAHTe! — TopsecTByion^HMi tohomi BOC&aHKHyja
J9AH Cbk> bt» to BpeMa, Basi Bsopu ea co6ec%AHHi^u cj&ahjh sa
npi^yWHBBMH onepTaHiflMH apacHBaro nefisasa, en^e ap^e otiíhbb-
maro ÓoraTiifi saMOBi, cepeCpacryK) 8íj6b h xeMHiia j*cb, h CBep-
Baian^ie ocTpoKOHe<iHHe yieca, h noAHosie saMKa, BOTopoe jiacBajiH
6ipi08OBHa boah.
— Bbaht8, padBÍ kb BaniHxi cjiOBaxi cefi^acB He CBasuocB
Bce Bame nponuioe, Bame BOcnirraHie h hphbotrh? Bh Moseie
nepeM^HHTB CBoe bms Ha Apyroe, ho He Mosete nepeaiiHHTb o6pasi>
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204 BftCTHHKl EBPOHK.
Muciefi, He Moaeie bsmíhhtb CBoeft cmohhocth rt> pocRomH h
yAOÓCTBairB, e a on, Bceft AymH ataitK) OToro „HOBaro" leJOB^sa.
Htri>, tojibbo to AOAyMaTb, qro bu, *w bmIliii chíjcctb, npn Ba-
maxi ToteciaBHBixi crpeiueHiaxi, pímaTsca buůtb sa *ejOB*Ra, y
BOToparo hítl Haqero sa jiymofi, híti Aase onpeA&ieHHaro ao-
xo^a... ^a mkl offB cmíjtl cA^JaTB bsmx npeposeme? — bocubb-
nyjia Cbk>, yse bi rohcivb pa3rHÍBaHHaa.
— Aa obi, Baserca, h ho a&mu*, — McrocepAeMO npH3&a-
aací» MOJio^aa A^Bymaa: — a HaaorAa ero He cifliajia seHHXOjra.
— 3HaiHTL, bu caif a bÓujh eiry 9to kb roJOBy? JBw a&ab eMy
noHATB, hto He npo?B 6u bbiBth sa Hero? — BCspHRHyia Cbk>.
— KoneiHO, a A&J& eify aaMŠTHTb cbok> mhcxb, ito ohi mofb
<Sh mhí roAHTbCfl bi cynpyra, — noATBepABJía EaMx ceptesHUirB to-
HOMX.— H3T> npOHHXl, HOHHMaeTe, hhkto 6u He rOAHJIOI.
Efl co6ec%AHHi^a BSAOXHyjia cb ropBBHKB ctohobtb:
— S. Bcer^a AyMajia, hto bii HeMHOsso HeHopifaJiBHu; ho hh-
BorAa a He iiorjia <5u AonycraTB, qiofo bu Mor.au cana ca&i&tb
MyffiqaHÍ npeAJioseHiet
— ^a híttí acet Hbeto HaaoMy He Afoui npeAJOseHia: hh
ohi mh4, hh a eiiy. IIpaBO, n a caiia He 3Haio, Basi dTO Tasí
buhlio, a tojbko — mu ateHHXi h HeB-fecTa, botb h Bcel
— A otfpynajiEHoe kojibijo Ha najbijt? — BOspasBja Cbh>.
— He BHaro; ohi hto-to roBopH.zn> npo 3to; ho ht6 — mu no-
tom-b 06a nosatiujia.
— Ohi BaMi nacajrB ceroAHa yipoMi?
— H£n, orb BoppecnoHAeHTB He bsx ycepABux*B.
— Hy, Báro, bu, saserca, HaM&peHU caMB ceóa BSopBaTB Ha
BOdAyx^ h npBTOirB se CHapaAaMB CBoero coÓCTBeHHaro bstotob-
jema: b-éa* ohi, cb CBoefi cropoHU, noBHABiiOMy, He HBTaerB hh
Majíflraaro sejiaHia, hh A&se HaM^pema ea sacB seHHTBca.
— Jífl hítb ise, bu omfl6aeTecB! — HeÓpesHO saMfrraaa BaMX. —
HOJOSBUI, 0H1> AtftCTBHTeJIBHO fft TOTO pastfttHl, TTO CHOCOÓeHl
nosatiuTB, bi KOTopoMt nacy HasHa^eHa ero cotfcTBeHflaa CBaAfeÓa;
ho KOHeqHO Jiyqmia ctopohu ero Ayma n cepAn,a ao dToro ero He
^onycrarB.
— Kas* se ero soBypB?
— Ero BOByro: ^eHBeB. Reuncb yajBA^afipi.
— Hy, botb TtLKb bmb! ^a b Barae Tose CyAen xopomo,
Heqero csasaTB: Bam YBJiBA$aflpx! Cobc4mt>, šasi íshoke hsi
i^apsa XeHrjepa... Bopo^em, a nojiaraio, bu ocmaTe CBoe rjynoe
nposBBme b npaMeTe CHOBa CBoe Hacroan^ee HMa.
— H*Itb, a yse npaBUiua ri CBoeiiy yMeHBmBTe.iBHOMy (m6hh
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ynpflMAfl. 205
bíjb Taní 30ByrL bc4 AOManmie) h HairfipeBarocb ocraibca npn
HeMi>. A SHaete jih, a ropio HeTepntmeirB npiiBecTH bx nopajORB
6)0 KBapTHpy...
— KeapTHpy?! — fb ysacfe BCRpiraaja Cbk>. — Bu, sHaTOTB, 6ujh
y nero?
— ,Ha, Ótuia oahhb paši cb TeTymRot OreRejieft.
— H oto »e, y Hero npHJH?HO?
— HanpoTEBx: RpaftHe ne-nipvuimuol To-ecrB, y Hero oócra-
HOBRa y^eHaro. íeHHCL tojbro-ito koh^bji saBTpaaaTb h ero Ójudao
CB BeTOHHOft CTOflJIO pAJOlTB CB paSOÓpaHHUlfB ^epeiIOMB CB 0&HOÍ
CTopoHEí h cb KOCTflMH pyM — cl Apyroft. Be8A$ BORpyrx H no
ertHaiiB, Bes^fc Bce rhoth, RHera b khbth, — h nujiB... a HaBepxy,
bi jafiopaTopÍH — h eme toto xyae!
— H bh-to, eu Hair&peBaerecB nepecejHTBCfl bx 9Ty aiiy on
CBoero 6ojn»moro, TOcraro aepeBeHCRaro *OMa? H fl btoS-to amí
Bani npB^eTca no ijknuirB jjaxm chaíitb o^eoň, cha$tb cb yipa
lb hoto nocrá Tóro, Káro AOMa BORpyra sacB ctojutb Beceauft myMí
h roBopi Baraefi m HoroiHCJeHHoft pojHoft ceiíbH? ^a He tojibro xo-
sjíScTBa, bii ne SHaeTe xotu 6u h Tóro, no newh <j)yHn> Macaa,
caxapy, Maca mh CBirceft?
— Ja H Pí BaCb 8T0 HORpHTO MpaROMl HeH3B*CTHOCTH! —
TOpjKeCTBYIOmeifL TOHOMT. 8aMÍTMa efi BaM*B B BbipaSHTeJILHO MOT-
Hyja rojOBoft.
— Hy, aa. Ho a Btiraja sa ^ejiOBiKa, ROTopuft hmíjtl bos-
moshoctb AepsaTB dROHOMRy; b*b npoTHBHOiťb cjyia*, £ pasopeja
6h CBoero Mysa, RaRi bu pasopirre Bamero. Kasercfi, TaROBX ysx
nopajoR* Bem,eft, hto aÍBymRH, HaHMenfce SHaROMUJi cb <54ahocti>io,
terb caMH na Hee h jrbayrbl Kor.ua bu 6ujh eme MsmeHBRoft *•&-
BOHBofi, bh 6mjih HenoxostH Ha apyrrai, A^Tet (h b*b rojocfc jbah
Clk> sasByqajia HOTRa saBHCTH): bu sa^aBajiH Bonpocu, Ha Roropue
hhrto He yufarb OTBÍraaTb; bu ToiKOBajm o toitb, vrb bii HaM$-
peau K&jaTB, Ror^a noapocreTe.
— llocmapaiocb aIjmtb, — nonpaBHJia Bam.
— Bu roBopnjH, ito tíyieie HenpeMÍHeo BjriaTejbHH h 60-
rara... h bu Óeijih eAHHCTBeHHufi Mejiorauft qjieHB Bamefi ceiibn.
A Mesxy tímx, bu caifH se p$idhjibcí> OTRasaTb tpohbtb seHHxaifB
h bb Hacroamyio MHHyTy npeHeóperaeTe exHHCTBeHHOft xopomefi
naprieft, ROTopaa BaMX Ror^a-JiHňo npeflCTaBMJiacb.
Mhj9ah ocraHOBMacb nepeBecTH Ayxt h npo^ojisaja:
— H bu em,e xoTmre B^ofiaBORx 6htb y^eHOfi, Ha6HpaTbca yifa;
a 6uTb yMHofi BHavím p$MTb ípyrnxx cíacurnBUMB, ho He <5ht&
eaiiofi c^acTJHBOĚ. Kx TOMy ae, sto coBepmeHHO JieraHee!
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206 BftCTHHKb EBPOmi.
BaMi upoMOJi^aia. Om saAyMiHBO CMOTpiua Ha HeonpeflfcieH-
Hyio íHMKy Ha^t Mopera, HeBOJBHO cpaBHHBaa ee cl toeo saB$coft,
KOTopaa CKpHBíua oto Hea ea Óyaymee. KaR* <5u to hh Ohio — h
Tyra, h Tam 6hjo oftHHaROBO hcbsbíctho, *t6 sa Heft TaHTca...
— A, boto bh rfli! — pasiÉuai rpoMRií, ho npiaTHHft MyscBoft
rojiocx nosajH oťHraxx co6ec*jHHifb. — Ji oÓomexL yae BCÍTeppacH, —
Bce Bací HCKajm b$ab bii mh$ roBopwiH, hto nofi^ere Tyaa nocjrfe
oóíja, — ofipaTHJicji ohi r% mojoaoA ítByniKt.
Ho OHa OTBepHyjacB ra cropoHy oto Hero h oh* ovyraica jih*
I^)M*B K*B JHUy... CB efl SaTHJIROBťB. Y fffcROTOpHXX H8X SeHHlHHt
(Jmaero OTRpuTHft saTaaoRi, y iraorax* bojoch Ha Heira no*-
CTpHffieHti, BaKi> Ha róy le-iKa; ho tojibko Ta seHmHHa Mosero
c^iHTaTBCfl fl4ftCTBHTejn»HO KpacHBoft, KOTopaa He upeóiraa hh si
saRHirb yxHn^peHiflMx, Mosero noxBa.iHTBC2 crpoftHOft nocajROft cBoeft
spacHBOft roiOBBi Ha xyA0secTB6HH0 npaBiMBHHxi mreiaxi, — a Bce
xy^OHcecTBeHHO-npeKpacHoe vb seHCRoft Kpacorfc BejiBicopx ijíhh.i-b,
itaRi ecjiaÓH cam 6uai> xy^oaHHRx, h jase, nojRwyft, eme (faiBine.
Bam CKopie joraAajiacB, ne&ejiH saiiimLia, hto jtojh Cbbo
yAajHiiacB; a sar&BrB, cb toío pfeniHMOCTBH), ROTopaa eft Ónia CBOft-
CTBeHHa, o6epeyjaci» ri neiiy h nporoBopHJia:
— Asbrx! lepesp HeA&ro 2 BHXO&y saMysx!
OHa roBopajia, He rjiaw na Hero.
B* 6ok), Rorw oahhi yÓHBaerB ^pyroro, jik>ah pyóart 6esi
okmakh, He ocraHaBJíHBaiOTca, qTo6*B nojiK)6oBaTBca a&iom-b pynx
€bohxt>; a BaiTB 3Haja npeRpacro, *to OHa HaeocHTL CMepreJiBHiift
yuapi Bceiiy, qero eft ctohjio ctojbro TpyjOBi AOCTHrnyTB ijíhoh)
MHoraxx jAtl h CTapamft.
— A!.. 3a Roro? — rjyxo npoBBynajii ero rojiocB.
— Bu ero He SHaeTe. £L BcrpimMacB cb hhmi b-b ropojtfi
nponuioft BecHOío. ^2R9kb, ja CRasHTe se xotb Tro-HHÓyAB. Bh.
noHHMaeTe, 2 HORor^a He o6$maJia... He Mory 2 »btb 6e3CMHC-
jieHHO, RaR% rojiow, RaRi asejia ao chxx nopil
— Híto, bto 2 — Rojová, — cb rope^BH) saiArajTE oh%. — Ho
ÓepernTecB, BaMi: bei He o^HOMy Mya^BHÍ paeňHBajiH cepwe: Rasi
611 owb He pasÓHJi, bx cboio oiepexB, Barae. Ba He snaeTe (x& h
He BioseTe SHart) ero xopomeHBRo: ero shshb, ero crpeMxeHk h
HaRJIOHHOCTH BaiTB HeH3BÍCTHEJ. A BaiHH pO^Htie OA06pflK)TB 9T0TO
ípaRx?
— Hin.
— Baran ApysB2 h sHaROMue?
— To»e hÍto! Ohx 6b&ewb\ mu 6yxeMi jkhtb bx RaRHxx-
HHÓyXB AByXl TpeXX ROMHaTRaXX bo ABopt; HaMX, no Bceft BtpOHT-
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ynpflMAS. 207
bocth, npo^eTca satiro roaojaTB, ho a 6yjy paÓOTaTB, a 6yay
eiiy noMOraTb.
— 3HaqHTL, bii o^eHB jao6nm ero?
— HIjtb.
— Tasí, sHa^HTL, ohx BacB chibho juo6htb?
— Hfex!.. íto si pto, HanoHeiTB, TaKoe? IIpincaseTe mh4
8JÍCB CTOBTB H BCH> HOHB HanpOJeTB ŤBepftHTB BaiTB TOJBKO; HÍTB,
hítb, h§tb h hítb! ciobho Baaaa-BHÓyAB HjúoTaal — BOCKJHKHyaa
EaarB, TOHHyBl HOSKOft.
— Bose Mofi! Ho bí^b bto ysacHo! IIpn^erB jem, aorxa bh
orjuHeTecb Hasa#B, BcnoMHHTe CBoe npomioe h noawLrteie, *ro He
jcrpoHJHCB Ha bck) shshb cb BaROĚ-HHÓyAB s^opoBoi h ÓessatfoT-
HOft „BOJTOftOft", Cb BOTOpOt BaMT> HpHIMOCB ÓU HCHHTaTB JHfflB
Miipx h THmHHy, h nojraoe 6e3^&JíBe, h Moxero 6utb aase jdÓobb...
A bi BaraHx^ njiaHaxx na Óyaymee hto-to ea He bhaho: bh totoo
eoBepmaere saRofi-ro toppb.
— HftrB, a xoHy khtb hobož shshbd, — thxo csasaJia BaMx,
i ea yMCTBeHHHHi oiairc npeACTaBHaacB KapniHa CKpoMHofl kom-
Ham cb Óojbiuhm-l ctojtoitb, ocBimeHEBWL aaMnoi, hoa* KOTopot
cuohhjocb Ha#B tiyHaraMH h RHnraMH yMHoe jhh.0, OTpasaiomee
naiHoe cnoKotcTBie h aobojbctbo cbohitb jhoÓhmhitb rfuoifB. #ja
Bea BaKB 6h He cymeerBOBajia Bca otimHOBRa & la Meissonier,
KOTopaa (Jma bt» 9Ty MHHyTy nepe^B neio. PasroBapHBaa cBBejft-
vopoMi, BaMi He sauiraja, Kára 0Ha noflomaa kt> pocRonrao-
oticraBjeHHot rocniHoft, b*b KOTopoft efi, mkb Ha Jiaioen, 6hjh
bbxhh paaropaHeHHua jnn,a larpoROBi; ÓijiocflisHBia nymaua njeiH
Aam, KasaBrniaca eme 6tate Ha lepHOKB $owb ify&CRHxi CíopTy-
KOBi; CTfeHH, OÓHTLia EpaCHBIlfB H yBÍmaHHLia KapTHHaMH FB 3OJ0-
thxb paitaxi, RaRi HeaBBa aynme xonojHaBmia otfmyio BapTHey
pocttomn h Bece^Bfl. JIbah Cbio Tose yae CH#iuia sa RapTO^HuirB
ctojoítb h TaKi ate apocTHO nrpaaa, RaRi h bc£ jpyrie, bi to
BpeMH, r4kb ea npiaTeaBHHivt KpeTHHecBH BSBimnBaaa npo ce6a
Bce, TOJiBKO-qTO BucBasaHHoe ea ApyroirB. Oea 3Haja, oea qyBCTBO-
Bajia, tto OHa, BaMx, GesROHeiHO CMBHie, aneprE^Hie, Heasejin to&
KasaaocB. Bca pasHHi^a Meatfly hhmh wh tobtb h cocroaaa, ^to Cbío
roBopejia, a BaMX xtftcTBOBaaa h TaKBM-B ofipasoMx 06% ohh aBaa-
jicb npexcraBHTejiBHBi^aHE AByxx coBepmeHHO npoTHBonoao&HHx*
nojOBHfft, Ha BOTopua pacna^aeTca BecB poA*B ^eaoBÍ^ecBÍfl: o^Ha
bss hbxb ^iaTejiBHa Ha ciOBaxi, a Apyraa na aíj4.
— ,3,0 CBHjiaHBa, J{x&kt,\ — nporoBopejia BaMi> ? qyBCTBya npe-
KpacHO, íto caŠAOBaao 6u, coÓCTBeeHo roBopa, CKasaTB npot^atime!
OHa BHaaa, tto no yipy, ao BaBTpasa, ^xbk^ ysi Óy^era jiaaeRO.
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208 8&CTHHKB EBPOHU.
AymeBHoe erpa^aHÍe, OAHaico, npeBosMorjo ero CAepoaHHOcrb:
ohx, He rOBopa hh dOBa, nOBepHyjca h 6hctphmb maraMH no-
mejB npOHb.
H£crojibro BpeMeHH OHa CTOfljia Mojraa, Heno/uraKHO, — Bca b*
lepeOMX, BHCOK8UJ E CTpOflHafl, XBUflWb Kb MOpK). JífBBKb He Cfffe-
jsjtb efi hh OAHoro ynpeRa,— h bto (JojBme ee yROJOio, HestejH
bcí BejHKOCBiTCRia Bospasema ea npiaTejiBHHitfi Cbio. OHa bsiuh-
Hyja co CTopoHLi Ha cboh nocTynM h efi noRasaaocB, ito ona
Heiecraaa, jyRaBaa fliBymra, w* ROTopoft Hanero He sudmuTh jaTB
cjiobo h He c^epsaTB ero; — noayTOTB fb aapx wcroe sojioto h
BsaM^BTE ero OTaaTb MejiKyro MOHeiy. JJa, ona nojo&HTejBHO He
HOHHMaerB nacroamaro CMBicaa ciOBa necmt h He yMÍera npHM&-
hstb ero Ha k6jt6 bi CBoeirB oÓpamemH cb Mys?HHaMH... Hy, a
BOSMeB^ie sa TaRie npocryiíRn?..
Efi BApyrs npHnoMHHjiocb, hto bb nopHBi rEritea oahhx hs*
oCaiaHyTuxi eio horjiohhhrobi h aeHHXOBi ynoTpeĎHJii, jiftcTBH-
TeJBHO, 9T0 CJOBO H efi CTaJO HeMHOSRO SyTRO. HO SaT&TB OHa
CHOBa BHCOKO HOAHHJia rOJIOBy, HCRpeHHO BOSMymeraaa.
— ECJIH BSlXOftEEDB SaMyaEB HCRJIfOlHT&SBHO flJIfl yMCTBeHHUTB
OTB^eqeHHfcixi) HacjasxeHifi, pasB$ Moryrt dTOiiy noirlmaTB Bonpocti
qyBCTBa? Pa3BÍ 'mosho RapaTB sa hhxx téitb, hto cocTaBjraerB
npHHaAJiesHocTB cepwa?..
n.
— „Hat *Bira Bt b-bk-b 6ora h jtojh npn-
BfeTCTByvTi caMOcroflTejBH&ro ^ejOB^sa. Bcš
XBepn nepeji hbm-b otkphto; bc* rpoxxo
npHB*TCTByK)n» ero, bcí noiecra ero b*h-
udto; bcí oto aajHO CjiXJDTb 8& hhjtb.
Hama jdoobb Hxero eiiy Ha Bcrpirey, noroxy
*to OHa eMy ho HysHa. Mh, Ban> npocHTeni,
yHHxeBHo jacTHMca k% Heny h lecTByera
ero, noTOMy *to ohi men» cBoeft xoporoft h
npeHeÓperb HamHMt ocysxeHieira. |£oni id-
6arb ero sa to, ito m>xh ero HeHaraxan,".
— „Ki HacTofiiHBoiiy cuepTHoxy, — roBO-
Phtb 3opoacTpt,— h (Jora (5jarocKJOHHH u .
— A b*ab y Bací safccb npeyiOTHo! — saMimi* IIojib $a6epi.
— ,Ha,— OTB^aja Baiix h ORHHyja BsrjiajoMi bck> ROMHaTy. —
Kor.ua a yBHA&ia 9totb Cesnopa^ORi b*b nepBBifi paši, mh* noRa-
sajiocb, qTo sjtcB pas6pocaH , B no Ryco^iRairB ieiOBfriecRifi CReJien...
Hy, noHHkaere, bt» bha& rhei-b, h pyRonnceft, h paBHiixi npn6o-
po^B wa Hsei^xOBaHifi; mh* ^yjMOCB, hto HacTHn,ij ero jBasyTca
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ynpfiMA2. 209
Bospyra Haci h BMicrh c*l hemh, h mhí craHOBHJOCB syTRO cmo-
Tp&TB Ha ÓaHKH CB MapHHOBKaMH H8fc 60fl3HH, *TO Bflpyn H TaiťB
Kaxi-HHÓyAb onyTATCfl aHaTOMH*ecRÍe npenapara.
— Ho cpexH HHXt AeHHCB HyBCTBOBíurB ce6a bdojhí cwctjih-
BSUTB, — SaUT&THJTB $a6epi, H UpespaCHO 8HaJl, VJSJb H qTÓ B8ATB.
TenepB se, roTOBt ofo BaRjaxi noÓHTBca, eiiy npiixoAHTca no-
pa/poirB noti&raTB, noisa okb *tí> HaťUerB.
— A a > 0ffib H t y 2 ^ Bop^HTL qacreHBKO,— Beceao csasajia
BaMt. — KaateTca, óyKBoiflti Boofime ee ocotíeeeo wcrocepAeTOufi
aapo#b. JI paacraBjíflH) ero Mapunadu bi KOMHarfe, coc&AHei cb
ero MÓopaTopiefi, ho hmíh) aiocrHoe nacpeme nopacrepaTB hx*b,
nosa npHBexy OROHnaTeaBHO b*b nopaAORi.
Db to BpeMfl, sani OHa roBopnia cb <řa<5epOMi>, CHja nanpo-
thfb Hero, JHn,o ea OTpaatajo majroBJíHBoe jyRaBCTBO, ho aoópo-
AynmHft CTapesi tto-to npoÓypiajTB npo cefia, RaR*B-6y,|TO bto
6euo eiiy He no Bsycy.
— A ero mhcjh h crpeiuieHia, — bii h hx*b rose pascoBara
Ryja nonajo?
— IlpB3eaK>Cí>, MHÍ 6u 9T0W) XOTÍUIOCB... XOTB HeMHOSRO! Ohi
CMOTpHTB Ha MeBfl, TO<IHO BHffffFB MeHfl TOCRBOSB, RaRfc-6y#rO fl
npospawaa, a caro ho cjuuhotb hojiobhhh roro, tt6 a eiiy ro-
Bopio. Ohb to?ho cuaAHBaerB bco CJumaHHoe hoax cnya* r#fc-TO
y cetfa fb yMÍ e BirracRHBaeTB ero orry^a Ha cbítl Bosifi oe-
jfcaro hjb ÓOA&e cnycTfl.
— Htn> bo Bceiii iiipfc ranoBtea jysme ero! — ropaso boc-
UBRHyjrB $a6ep*B. — Aafixe tojbro bojiío b npocropi ero AapoBaHho;
6eperHTe ero otb tocrh h satioro — h y Hero b nepere OTRpoeTca
ÓJiecramaa Óy^yn^HOCTB. 3eaeie, 6apiiHBRa bu 110a MHJiaa, ohi yacx
i tie&B roro Bsa-rB Ha cetfa otiysy cb btoS seHHTBÓofi h canoe
MeHBmee, ub bh iioseTe aaa Hero c#&JiaTB, oto BBeera bo BceM%,
Vf/h TOJBRO MHCJHMO, CTpO&aftmyK) pa3CHeTJIHBO€TB«
— O!.. — npoTaHyjia BairB cb eísoropoío o6hao& bx rojod. —
3Ha^HTB, a h caMa o6ysa y Hero Ha met?
— TairB yaRi RaR*B BaMi yro^Ho. A tojibro, ecai bh saxo-
THie, bu MOseTe (Sutb ero ApyroMx h homoii;bhromx; MoseTe 6bitb
wa Hero t&ix, nimi* ÓHJia PosaiiyH^a wa Jln^raTa.
PyMaHeifB CHOsa sarophjica Ha meRaxi m-cb YMBA^aApi, jihi^o
ea npocíaao m OHa noAHajia roJOBy ^BH»eHÍeMi, b*b rotopoitb He
6uao h tíhh CMepeeia:
— HeyseaH bei nojiaraeTe, hto hítb cepeAHHu Mes^y *ee-
duihoE, KOTopaa, RaRx ManiHHa, tojbro h snaerB, hto niTOnaera e
Towi IV.— Idib, 1896. 14
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210 MCTHHIťB SBPOim.
tohbti Ha iiysa, h BiwpflHofi motobroH, ROTopaa choro&ho iioserB
BHCOCaTB H8X MySa nOCJ$AHK)K) KanJIK) KpOBH?
— ji tojibro xo*y cRasaTB, *to He o#Ha cBtTJiaa rojiOBa no-
ry6e.ua cetfa b cboh> Baptepy faaroAapa TOMy, hto seHa ero bos-
craBaja npoTHBx erporofi (SepeauiBBOCTB, a ohx, bo H8(Hbsame ea
BopKOTHH, 2rbxb He no cpeACTBaiix, a&ww* ftojrii h crpaAajrB He-
BHHOCBMO nO rpOÓl CBOeft 2RB3HB. IfclfB CHJBHÍfi BJÍflHÍe SeHD^HHH
na Mysa, tím* CBJBHfee ea bjmlctb bbm&hbtb ero bi Ty bab bt»
Apyryio CTopoey... ewn tojbro oh*b ho cobcíitb 3BÍpi» no cbobmx
HHCTHHKTaMi), — *ero, KOHe^HO, HeJiBBfl CRasars npo ^ennca.
— JI xoqy eMy noMoran,, b noMoiyl — TBepAO cxasajia Bára
b raasa ea sadajiB.— Ho a He AyMaio, Yrofe dTa noMomb AOJ&Ha
6um saiunonaTLca eAHHCTBeHHO bx Mejouoft pascieTJiBBOCTH b Rop-
nfcflBfc AOMa, bt» qerapexi crieaxx. EMy HyseHi tojiokb, Hy&HO
b noompeme. HaAO hto6h ohi nocRopifi nepeceAHACfl B9B dToro
KBapiaJia bi (fojrfce SHaiHTeJBHEift, rflfc ohx cb 6ř)jBmHMx ycnixoMi*
Moaen npEiiiraaTB cboh 3Hama...
— Oro-ro! — nporoBope.ix IIojib <řa6ep-B, norjaAHBaa Ha mojo-
Ayro seHn^BHy cbobmb CBy3HBinHMBca crapiecRBMB raasaMH.— A
nosBOJiBTe cnpocBTB: htí) bbi HairfcpeBaeTecB am dToro npeAnpHHjm?
— #a npesxe Bcero — nepeixaTB OTCio^a... kb sana^Hyro qacn»
ropová, kb wmx nocrapaiocB y(5*ABTB b ero caMoro: bíab croaa
(b*b TaRyK) A*un>0 b He HOAyMaiOTi aBHTBca jioab, BOTopmrB ero
H3CjrÍAOBaHÍa MoryrB ORasaTBCfl HeotixoAHMii!
— A D03B0JILTe CnpOCBTB,— Cb ne^03pHTeJIBHLIMX enOROfiCTBÍeiTB
npoxouuuTB crapERi, — Ha 9Ty nepeBosRy bij HaMipeHti ynoTpe-
6btb sapaÓOTORi ^eHaca bjib ycTpoBTBca RarcB-HHfiyAB HHaie?
— A b&ab y nero ecrB HacjrhACTBO tb ÓpaTa, saKt Bára
yase hsbíctho. By^yrL ohatb nenaTaTBCfl ofeaBjeHia b, ecjia hbrto
He OTRMRHeTca, JífiEuerb noayqHTB nfcjinYb hbtb tuojtl <J)yHTOBi>.
— Bx tomx-to b a&k>, hto ccau\.. SL HHROrfta He 6bk>cb o6t>
Bamia^, a ecjHÓu nofinjca, to, ROHe^HO, Btiurpajn* 6u, noToiíy
hto ^eHHCB HHRor^a hb rpoma He nojyHHTB m% dToro HacjiiACTBa.
HacTOamaa bab BUMuinjieHHaa, ho OTRyxa-HHÓyAB j» BíJnjitiBaerB
B^OBa cb peÓeHROifB. 80 bcbroitb CJiynai, bu eme AO^ro HB^ero
He nojyiHTe; RaRi aRe bu AyMaeTe oÓoítbcb noRa?
— Mh Morjfl 6u sasaTB, bsatb no^i buofb HacjtixcTBa...
— ^a r^i bii 9to TaRi npeRpacHO HayqajHCb roBopBTB o He-
HecTHHXi npoA*JRax%? — cep^BTO BOCRJBRHyjn IIo^b $a6ep*B. — 3a-
Hftmb?\ BorB cjtobo, ROTopoe HHRorAa He aojsho 6u BtueTaTB hsx
ycrB necTHaro qeJiOBÍKa, — RaR^ seHn^HHu, Tam> b MyaraHHti; a
bbi ero TaR*B npocro b Óesne^HO roBopHTe, RaRi 6yATO oho SHaROMO
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ynpaMAfl. 211
ee tojbbo BameMy yuy, ho h Aymi. HoBTopaio: OTRyaa bsmh bei
Taria BLipameHia?
— Man> b cnreivB HHKoraa ee r^jime jojiroBi, — cnoKofiHO
Boapamaa Eaiii:— a TaKse hh ojHoro neHca hh y noro He 3Shh-
MWa 8a BCK> MOK) 2SH8BB. EdH Se Mil CB ^eBHCOMX CA^aeMl
TenepB saeira, to aera* bi bhabxx Tóro, ?toÓej craTB ÓJiBxe k*
— Ho h ara ufrxb He onpaBAHBaera TaKoro cpeACTBal.. IIo-
ttyma&Te: bei xoTHTe bjiístb bx AOJira h, šasi Bára BaxeTca, cb
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kto Apyroft osas^* BaMi 8Ty ycjyry, b*b oahht> npeRpacHufi AeHB
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focrpo HAera BoepeA^; obtb yse h TenepB nepBEift bsx Hamán
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npoBopMHTBCB h oa^tbcb, — He BaÓiiBaa, OAHaRO, *to y bbcb odua
cnHHa, a He meerB a tto H8jramHe TpeÓosaTb ot-b Myxa cpasy no
noayj^HHHŠ HapaAOBi.
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irfcpHo B03pa3Hja HOBoGpaiHaa: — a xoabtb bi joxmotbbxi He npa-
hbto bx nopBAO^HOirB o6n^ecTB%!
* — Botb cb o6mecTBOMx-TO Bam h ne npBAeTca bmítb a***:
bei HaxoAHTecB m TaBOMi se jojkhomt* nojioatemH, bx aasoe no-
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w&Vb mojioaeix* JTOAeS; tbbhmi jhoabmx h BOBce 6 ti ne noAOÓaio
seBBTBCB, noBa ohh He cnijaiorL sapBepy. JButb ea cboh cpeA-
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hcxoai AM ^ecraaro MyxTOHH hjih qecTHoft xeHmBHEi.
— Tas* HeysejiH eMy cyaweHO raTaTBca oó-bíammh ort cupa
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yxacHoe npooaTbe, TaroTiiomee hbai ^ejioffiqecTBOMi cb Haqajia
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rax* 6ÍACTBÍA h coftuasHOBi, KOTopuirc ohi noABeprajca? CnepTL hjih
npocraa cnyTOtaocrB Moryn HsÓaBHTB ero on hocjAahhx*; ho
on nosopa h on rueTa AOsroBi He HstiaBHn hh BpeMa, hh ckepnt
— Mošen 6htb, bo BpeMeea Béeiaea jiioah BOBee ne A&aaaH
AOJrora? — choroího BOspasHJia BaMi.
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$a6ep% BUHyjrB hsi sapnaHa ufarpo Ryray nHcem h o<$peibrofb
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CAfcaajrB Bsx nero Tor^a Rofi-RaRia buehckh: ohí BecBMa HaMt npn-
roAflTca b*b A&HHOMfc pasroBopfe.
BaMX KpHTHqecKB orjflHyjia TOJieryio naiRy tfyMara, CRpecrajia
pyKH h, ru»i sa CBoero coóedMeHKa, bi rjiyÓHH* syran yAHiua-
jacL: noMeMy sto bcí crapaKe tor* HaAoiAMBH h Tasí... ne Rpa-
CHBH?
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mHpoKaro otipasa shshh pasHaro poAa Jio^eft, npeBumaiomaro hx*
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TaKx, BanpuMÍpx, ROHioxam h jaReaira BOcnpemaaocB hochtb
uiane ctohmoctlk) CBume AByxi MapoRB, a paBHO h o^esABi mai-
KOBna h.ih pacnumia cepetfpoMx hah sojiotomi; a hxi seHti h
A^TH AOJISHBI ÓBIJH TaRSe HOCTynaTB C006pa8HO (ZB BTflM* H He
HOCHTB HORpBIBaJTB CBBíme A^HaAI^aTH HeHCOBl 8a nnyRy.
— 3T0, KOBeHHO, 6BIJIO 6U 60JIBHIOfi BROHOMÍeft AM BcaKaro
xosafiCTBa, — saMftnua Bani, cjyraaBmaa cb jhoCohiitctbomi. — Ho
htď CRasaje <5h Ha bto ^shmcl h ToMacx?
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vh se npaBnia bi> cbohxx OAessaxx h yRpameHiaxx*. II He no-
AOÓaen bmi hochtb HBRaRHXi mejROBtixx noRpoBOKB, ho jbibb
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yopflfeAfi. 213
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— HHTepeceo sHaTB, Yrbtfii cRasara seHH h AOiepn $epiie-
peffB bt» Hanra ahh, eciiitfu hitb npHnuiocB orpaHH?HTBca oahhm-b
toibro RonuraBiwB míxomx? Bootipasaro, RaKB ropaqo HeHaBHA&ra
dxyapAa III seHmraH Tóro BpeMeHe!
— dcRBafipaMi h HHiiMi ABopaHam Hase SBama paijap-
csaro, y ROTopiixi hítl seMjm hjh roAOBoro AOxoAa b-b 100
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JHnib no netnupe c* noAoeunoů Mapse Ha Bect> čboŠ HapaA>,~
a paBHO hx*b seHii h aonepn, — ho n 6es% noAnyniRH esh Aopornxi
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ecrB aeMeJiBHoe HMymecTBO hjh roAOBoft aoxoa* bt» 200 iiapoR*
h CBume dTot iia$pH, paspfonaeTca hochtb HapaAH bx nsmb Ma-
poKi, h iiaTepiH raejKOBLia, h saTRaHHua cepeÓpoMx; jeHra h noaca
h BcaiecBia yRpameHÍfl, w «wH>pt/ yRpameHHiia cepetipoira. A se-
flam, h AO^epara hochtb míxx, onymeraut ropHoeraeiťB, HOÓera
XBOCTHROBl...
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Hyjm rojiOBOĚ:— no Rpaitaefi irfipfe, Tor^a cpasy mosho 6ejjo esa-
saiB, r* RaROMy cocaobík) npHHaweaHra xa wh Apyraa seHmHHa,
a TenepB AaMy mosho yaHaTB tojbro no ea mepcraHOMy hah araac-
Hony MaTBH).
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a npoi.. Ecjh y Roro ecTB hmíbíA h ÓyMart Ha 1.000 $yeT.
ciepi., totl mosotb 6paTB H81 RaneT&aa h hochtb OAesAy, no-
joÓHyío OAeaw* BCKsaftpoB* e abophhx, y ROTopuxi 200 <J>yH-
tob-b roAOBoro AOxoAa.
— 9ra craTBH Hir&en BecBMa BasHoe sHaseHie, — noacHHJTB
crapHKB caMB cboh ciOBa: — rtm óoxfee, *to bc* catAyrom.ia sa
aero npaBB.ia saRjroiarorB Bonpoci o Aoxraxt. BdiMi jbahkb
Booóqe saKOHOMz eocnpemaAOCb bxoahtb bi AOira uani to? ho,
Kára Rynipuii; kb cEiy t&xi se craTeft saROHa craHOBHiocB co-
BepmeHHO HeBOSMOSHO HaBastiBaTB cboh TOBapu bb jsfljm jh-
itaiťB, KOTopua ne moxau sa6npaTB hxi, noTOiiy hto ne cmimu
ixb hochtb. KasAHfi mopb noRynaTB tojbro to, Ha hto no saROHy
ftiy AaBajio npaBO ero aeiieJiBHoe h noAOxoAHoe cocroaHie, — ho
He tíojiBme! Ob nepBaro BsrjaAa mosho Óbmo CRasaTB, rx RaROMy
cocjobíh) rto npHHaAJiesHTB — h TaRHMi o(Jpa80Mi noAAep»HBajca
6e9B TpyAa nopaAOKx h BisjíHBBia OTHomema, 6eax Majrifiinaro
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rofi. Oaho npaBHJio 6iuo A*McTBHTejiBHO AJifl Bcbxb e KfUK^aror
bcí 3BSJH, Ha BaEifl cpeACTBa hm-b paspimaerca pasciHTUBaTB, a
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meMy BecTH BHasecRifi otfpasi sbshh h HHKOMy a&wi h*tb ao
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pacxoABi?
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Ayn^HOCTB, Cojri&e hjh Menie asapinaa, KOHeneo; ho nosa iejo-
bÍbi em,e xojioctb, bto sHaiirrejiBBO onpaBAHBaerB ero cirfejocrB...
y xeHfl eme MHoro sairi&TORi, — npoAOJiaajrB CTapHKx:— ho, MoaerK
6htb, cb BacB h aobojibho btok>, uo6u BHBecTH BaAJesanie sakjio-
Heme?
— nocroĚTe! — csasajia Báro, cb TpyAOMi cAep&HBaa CBoe
pasApaseHie, h npoTaoyja pyKy sa ÓyMaxRoft, Ha ROTopoft ctobjio:
— „BOSHBRH H SeMJieAÍjLBIJH, HaCTJXH H AP- MOryTT. HOCHTB
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a íctb h hhtb (o, EoaRe MOft!)... copasMÍpHO CO CBOHMH CpeftCTBaiíH,
ho He 6o.ibrae*. Ho pa8B$ bto HesecTORO? H4n>, bh miBROcefó
npexcTaBBTe: Aaxe ro-ioji h sasxy npHXOAirrca orpaHH*HBaT*
craTBflMH saKOHa! A botb eme: v „rohh)xh h npoiie cjyri aojurhh
4ctb tojbko past vb a6hb MHCHoe EJiE pa6y, acBepxi tofo — *tg
ocraHeTca otb npoiaro roicTHoro: Macaa, MOJORa ujih capy*... Xo-
l&IOCB 6bt MHÍ BTO HpOHBTaTB R01iy : HH6yAB H8T> Hanrax^ cospe-
iieHHHXi dyn! — ropa^o saRJiiOTOJia OHa.
— Bi Harae BpeMa CAyu ue cymecTByeTB: sto mei — cayrH, &
ohh — rocnoxa! Ho boto, ahts Moe, m iein> caMaa cyTB Bcero sa*
BOHonojioseHia: upoiTHTe botb bto! — h ohi yBa3ai*B eft Ha noc-
jíahioh) erpaHH^By.
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h Óesynpe^HO bo bc*xi» cbohxt. nyHRTaxi, noBejiÍBaeica bcímx Ma-
CTepai^aMi, hopthuitb h ToproBn.aMi* b% npeA^axi RopojeBCTPa
mHTB jamb Tania ojaTBa, ROTopya ctohmoctbk> CBoefi h& npeBti-
maiorB yRasaHHua bi othxx npaBHJiax-b h eraTbaxi. ToproBn.aMt se
h cyROH^HRaMi noAotfaerB noRynaTB h sanacaTB Bcasaro po^a Ma-
Tepin cooacHO cb BHraeynoMaHyTtiMH ^Haira; Tam>, hto6u 6uxa
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ynpflMAfl. 215
cjiiaHO TaKoe RoxaiecTBO miaTbera HBcaiecRoi oxesau, Ha npo-
ja*y m BasAOirb ropo#&, npBropojt hjh TOproBOirb nyeirrt, tto6h
hi bi sasoiTB ciymi ne 6hjih npecTyiueeu BumeynoMflByrae npa-
nua h nopflABH. T ho6a BiaraeosHaqeeeije cyKOH^HEH h ToproBiju
nOBHHOBaJHCB, HX 1 * 6y^JTb Kb TOMy HOHySXftTB BCflieCBHMH M*paMH
i cnocotiaMH, xaROBne (faaroyrojHo Óyjera hphhbtb Kopáno e Co-
nfery. ^tficTBie se 9Toro nocraHOBJíeeia c^irraTE BcrynHBmHMi vb
cajy ce npaBAHBsa GpfrreHifl Tocno^HB Hacrofliqaro roja".
— 9to noBa8BiBaen>, jo <rero Berana 6nja HacroiTejiBHaa norpetf-
bocts Kb TaKBxx saROHax* h nocTaHOBjemjrB. 3an4TLTe, *o *ero
BBpasineabHa craria, orpamraHBaK>niaa npoiidBon KymjOBt h Topra-
met, KOTopue He npoi* 6u OTnycRaro TOBapt h b* aojpb, jibidb 6h
no&jJMne ero aaÓBpajra.
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(JSabiixi seHn^HHi! — cepBesHO 8aMÍTHja m-cl yejiM(J)aĚpT>. — Ha-
Aídcb, *to ohí, tifejHua, Bce-TaKH ycirkjH Dpanacro ceftb roí-
lasín KpoxH ropHOCTaeBrai nntypovB, soionirB ÓesilaymeBi* hjh
joporirx* ROjeifB, Aapenux* jhoabmh no6ora?e hx%, h npa saspEi-
tan ABepaxT> Bce-raRH bhoí pasx Hapax&iHCb, ce6* h cbohmi
&IB3RH1TB Ha yrfcxy!
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BOdOÓHOBfUia BC* 9TH DOpflABB, — yrpBOMO B08pa8HJTB CTapHKL H TO-
pno npoxojsajrB: — Dým 6u npnmerE ROHeiv* xojraMx h cyAe6-
HHMl H8AepSKaiTL 9 U BCBBB1TL aftBORaTCRBlfl BOBHarpaSAeHifllfB,
laropiifl xyse camm xojroBi. Rojith pByn> npaMO bso pra Ry-
to** xritóa, Roropizft BeoÓxowwb km nponHTaBÍa AOJURHBRy; a
cyxedHtiH HBxepsBH (mkx npflMoe CJiijCTBie aoitobi) oraiwaiorL y
eero iiocjíahioio pytfannsy. II botb ofb ocraeTca, Ójaro^apa bm,
xojoahhmi h rojiosHHMi BaBcerxa!.. Ho MoeMy, (SespascyAHiie
otjh caMH aojubhh 6h orpaHagaTB cbok) BJiacTb jrfuiaTb xojrn, a
sesRift, HaxajKBBaiomiĚ bxt> Ha sto— noABepraTBca CTpoacafimeMy
BSUCBaHlK).
— Tam bh... bh, noxajiyfl, HawjH 6u ci Tóro, ^to sanepja 6u
MeHfl bi TH)ptMy? — cnpocHJia BaMi h oasa ea Beceio CBepKHyjB.
— KoHeTOO, eciBta a uwhn ocHOBame xy^aTB, hto bei xo-
Tirre BTflHjTB Mysa Bl AOJirB.
— Ho noieMyaťL bu caMB He DoroBopme ci> hbicb, Bani
ceSqacB co mhok>?
— ^a npocro noTOMy, mo He hm*H) Ha Hero h Rpynaiju toto
uLibíb, KOTopoe BirfeeTe bii; vro6u y6*ABTBca fl btomx, Bára
CToin TOJbRO cpaBHHTt cetfa m sepítaa* co mhok>. H hombrtc r^
tony »e, qto AeHBCt Taaoft qe.iOEri&Ki,, ROToput AOBOJBCTByeTca
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21 6 BfcCTHHKb EBPOHH.
MaďEiMi. Bi HeirB caMom— HecKOHqaeMtift hctowhbi yMa h na-
cja&AeHifi; hto(5h qyBCTBOBara cefa CíacTJHBUMt, eMy híti Heotixo-
Ahmocth cjisíbo 4ctb h MflrBO cnan: owb npesxe Bcero no npe-
HMyn^ecTBy — yqeHHft; n&iovhvb, yM* soToparo HecpaBHesHO npeBH-
maen> paaMÍpu ero rfoa...
— ^a! — nepeÓHJm McaoAaa seHn^fla: — ero aejyAorcb HHEor^a
He HanoMHHaeTi eMy, KOTopuft lact, a moíí y»i HenpeMiHHo!
— JíaflTe eMy khhfb, Mcroe titane, AymeBHoe cnoBOfiCTBie —
h eiiy Óojitme HBMero He mao: owb 6jjsfiTb coBepmeHHO ctoctjhbx.
Aeraci — qejOBÍKx HenpaKTfraHUft, HeAiuoBOĚ seJOFfeRi h, KOHeiHO
OTHeceTca 6e3pa3JHHHO k*l nepeisay OTCK>Aa; bej MOseTe wae Bferpe-
enqaTb, copHTb AeHbraMH: ohi h 9Toro He saMÍTHTL. Botb noTOMy-TO
BMeeeo, hto ohi Taxi ciiaói xapaKTepoMi, Bain> ďfcAyero ne yno-
TpeÓJIflTB CBOK> BJfaCTB MA* HHMl BO BJO.
— He AyMaio, htoÓh moa BJiacTb HaAi hhmi <5uja Tasí Óea-
rpaHBraa, Bani bu nojaraeTe, — Bospasoia Bani, ho cosHaHie en
MorymecrBa HeBOJibHO BiipasHjrocb AMO^saMH na ea Bfc&HO-posoBuxi
meitaxt.
— Bcero Tpn MŽcgija TOMy Hasaxb, — npoAOJsajrb cyxo APyn
^eHHca, — bu BBinuiu saMyai Hanepesopi bojíš CBOefi ceMBH h oÓMa-
HyjH jpyroro jm Tóro, ito6h 6htb ero senoio (raKi mhí, no
KpaflHefl M*p6, roBopnjiH). HoaTOMy, bii aojbhh 6htb BABoe Aopose
^eHHcy, Kára Mysy... TO-ecu, tojbbo Tenepb, nosa. Ho ohi He 6y-
Aera Bací jioÓHTb, noBÍptTe, ecM bu eMy HaBB&eTe Ha raeio tfpeM*
satioii h HysAu. K* cqacTbio am Bací oóohxi, ohi Mosero o6oft-
THCb 6ea*b rfai hsjhihhhxx Mejoqefi, sa KOTopua Apyrie Maiarb
BpoBaBUMi nbroMi. Maao jih Ha cbít* ecn> TaKHXi juoxefi, koto-
pne HBi Bcfcxx chjtb THHyTCfl sa ApyniMH, ttoÓh xpyne bha&ih 9
to> h ohu ne xyofce dpyiux*; ho bi TOMy npHBeAert oto
crapaHbe? 9to xacra Bairb obíti BsaMÍHi TasoĚ aACBoi paóonj,
TaRHxi yxHn^peHil? ?ím*b ohi BOdHarpaAHTB sa hhxi, bt> kohh,4
bohi^obi? KaKi BamHMi ÓJHaHHMi 9to Bce paBHO, Tara ÓyfterB
Bce paBHO h BaMx caMHMX, BorAa Bami Ójihsbíě Cy^ero cajíhtlca
sa BaMH yroHBTbCfl/
— & He am tfMaHHxx, a am ^eHHca, — tojiebo am Hero! —
sejiajia 6u eMy ycnixa. £L xoqy noMorarb eMy: seHH^HHa Moacen
MHoroe CA^jaTB ajia Mysa... KOHeqHO, ecan nosejiaerB. HšcROJibBO '
HeJOBŠBl H3l BafflHXX CaMblXl BHAHHXl A^TOJeft H yqeHBIXX CA&iaiHCL
Tforb, *rhwh ohh ecrb, ójiaroAapa TaBTy h 9HepríH cbohxx seffL,
BOTOpiJfl yM&IH BOAHTb CX KÍM% CtóAyeTb 8HaBOMCTBO, a Koro CJt-
Ayera sanHTepecoBaTb bi cyAtÓi Mysa...
— KaKx? Bh, tfw xoxHTe <Shtb oahoS uvb rfxi, Boropsia o6h-
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ynMMAfl. 217
Baiort noporn y BjiaTeJBHHX* jnp, Kára mhjocth osiwaa, itoÓh
BaexnoAapuHCiOBOBTb uh BsraiaAOirB? — rposeo nporpeirkďB crapHKB.
— Em bij AyifaeTe, ito seHnuraa Mošen BecTH noAotiHyio urpy He
nosopfl cetia hjih CBoe &o6poe him? BcaKift nop&AOíHuft qeJOB&KB
mrtero Bt ce&b AocraTOiHO saxaTBora Ha ycntxi h npesH-
paerL bcí t6 npeHMymecTBa, BOTopua oet Mošen nanyqnTB qpesi
nocpeACTBO GesqHCieHHiixB yHMsemfi, HcniiTaHHiixx ero seHOK). fta
h KpoMÍ Bcero Apyroro — Bani HHKorfta jo 8Toro He aoAth: bii
He kb cocroamn yHHasaTBcat — h ohi BsrjaHyjfB Ha nee npoHnqa-
TeiLHO, BaKi, 6yATO sejaa HacsBOSB npoHHKayTB b<b ea Aymy. —
EÍTb y BaCT> HH TOfi rHÓKOft CHHHU JM HHSKOnOKJOHCTBa, HH TOrO
yBepTJBBaro asusa, hh Tóro nojearo oicyTCTBÍa caMOJiotfia h rop-
jocth, KOTopLia oahh tojbbo h MoryrL o6esne?HTB BaiťB HOJHIlft
ycnixi. HtrB, yai bij jy?me cmotphtg sa cbohkb xosafiCTBOifB;
xoxHTe sa i^BÍTanH; mefiTe h BtiniHBafiTe; BOsirrecB cb aíjtbmh...
— KoTopux* h4t%, — Óucrpo h ptaiHTeiLHO nepeÓBJía m-ci
yejBA^aflpx.
— Hy, Tasí CMOTpeTe sa cbohvb Óojbhihmi petfeHKoirc, y bo-
Toparo He AOcraerL npeAycMOTpHTeiBHOCTH, npexnpiuiraBBOCTH h
raepriii; tímx Óojfee, vro y Bací em bc6 9th Tpn CBOficTBa h xaa&e
bt> CHJibHOft creneHH! Ho noMHffre, tto bto npo&HJTB jo ^Ba^ara
Atl 6e8BuxoíHO bx AepeBH*, KOMy bx ÓyAymeMi, He npeABHAfciocB
HHKaKHxi HeyAaTB hjih ohihÓori, Tóro cm&ioctb Moaert yBjew
cjmnsoirB AajeKO... A ecia y Taaoro qejOBÍita em qedOJiFOÓie h
HaxesAu na jyqmee...
— 7 MeHH ecrb h to, h Apyroe! — thxo, ho cb ciaiomeMi, jh-
Ufiwb noATBepAHja Bára.
— Hy, a saTfcra, — nporoBopnjrB $a6epx, BcraBaa h sacrerHBaa
oopryra Ha bc$ nyroBHipi: — aarfera eme ojho h nocjrbAHee cjobo,
Baxoe tojbko iiosen csasaTB crapHfi h ohhthhíí qeaoBÍKt ho-
toffii h HeoniiTHOfi seHiiiHHfe. Bu npocHJH Moero nopywTejiBCTBa
no BesceJíK) bi mecrBCOTB i^htobi; bto, ncmeieo, BecBMa HesHa-
HHTeiBHaa cyiwa, ho coBepmeHHO AOcraTO^Haa a** Tóro, itoĎíj
o6paTHn> btotb aojpb Bi nodeneHHO yBejHqHBaiomyíocfl jaBHHy,
Koropaa He saneA^HrB aoAth ao pasMipOBi i^kaaro xojma, sarfeMi
ropa, h BacB saAaBHTLÍ.. A OTB^qajit Bam oimsomi, a bh,
eciH bh tojbbo ypasaeTe ce6a, bii HHKOMy, HaAÍrocB, Óonme He
npeAJiosHTe sa Bacx nopyqeTbca. Bu HanHcajn mhí, h bx otbítb
Ha bto a ceroAHa ki Bam aBBjca cair&; ho b*ab to, ?ero BaMX
xoqeTca, ecTB nojBoe CespascyACTBo! Hocíš Bcero Tóro, mb a Bam
ceBqaci. roBopHjn», hobtophtb wy npocttfy 6uao (5u cb Bamefi eropoHii
npecTynjeHieiíx. OciaBafiiecb cl Eoroirc bx btomi xpacHBOMi CTa-
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218 BSCTHHKl BBPOnfcI.
poirB aomí; crapatoecB, tto6h Mysy fb Hero shjioce c?acTJHBO,
a Rorja eiiy abhtcjí bosuoshoctb yfaaTB OTCKua, ROHewo yfeataftre
H (Jy^BTe CTOCTJMIBH, MKl BII BCfelTB CBOHVB TpyftOlfB 3aCiyatHJH.
3re py^KH (nporoéopHJTB ohx, jacKOBO csBMaa bxx bi cbohxt* crap-
tocrhxi pyKaxx) cjhihkom^ híjbhh b xpynnu jaa Tóro, tto6h
oťípaTHTbca bt> KpínKyio BepeBRy, Óesa&iocrHoft neT.ieft catHMaa ineH>
jioÓHMaro raiOB&Ra. Hxi a&io — xojbtb ero h jiejrfeaTB otb 6pa?-
Haro ajrrapa h jo Morera...
GrapHRi oeraHOBHJicfl, a Mojoxaa seHn^HHa CToaaa nepeffB hhm*
h ropiua pyMAHqeMx; ho oto ne Óhjtb pyMaHeifB cTEi.ua, acRop&e
cmíhocth h Hajesju. Xiiypaa rbub nafósajia Ha map crapBKa,
KOToptift npHCTajfcHO Tjuijijbírb na Hee h thxo BunycTHjT, hsx pyKi
ea py^RH. yxo^a, oh% eme pas* orjaHy.sca h HeBOJBHO saraarfúca
Ha ea erpoUHyio, ho nojrayK) MyacecrBa <frarypy; Ha MÓioftoe, acHoe
jBn,o, AíJraaBmee 8AopoBBeMi; KpacoTa ea h s^opOBBe nopasMH ero
b*l 9Ty MHHyTy, totoo oh*b BHfffcjrB ee m nepBtifi pas*.
Sam Toate BCRHHyjia Ha Hero raasaiiH h em,e pfe^e Biiery-
ntíjio fb hhx*b BEipaseme ynopcTBa h fopBÓu, CRBOSHBmee h 6e&h
Tóro b-b oiepTamaxi ea OKpyrjioHHaro, ho TBep/jaro nojtfopojRa
h vb pyMaBHXT. ry6ax*B, cjroaseHHEixx kb sajyiraByK), cepBeBHyio
CRaaflRy.
— OHa HeHSMipHMO CHJBH^e h pfcniHTejiBEri&e ero, — noxyifajTE
yxajaacB IIojfB $a6epB. — OHa ero noryfarB!
H ci rpycTHHMi jraijoiťB ohx OTAajrc eft nsaaJiH npomajBHBift
HORJOHl.
ra.
EaiťB h He AyMaja ycrynaTB csoefi iioshijíh nocri* yxoja cra-
pBRa. He fopoTBca cb coÓCTBeHHuini cbobmb xyMaMH OHa ne Morjia^
ho, no oÓiiKHOBemio, eroa, na Horaxi BcrpÍTB.ia cboh comh£híh
jhijomi r*b JBn,y. Y Hes cb Marax* jfrrB tfajia npHBHiRa, <rro6u
xopomeHBRO BmuiaRaTBca He Heane, RaRi CToa.
Orapnfi Apyra ea Myata pftisRO h rpyóo hsjtoshji eft CBoe mh*-
me, ho OHa noHHMaja, tto ero BOJiHyera HŠSHoe nyBCTBO r*b JI,e-
Hncy h BOjrayeTB 6ojBme, y&itb Roro 6u to hh (Jbmo xpyroro.
BaiTB (5mia ynpana, HacTofiiHBa, ho ne aerROMucneHHa otb npn-
poAH h ciOBa crapHRa sacraBoiH ee npHsaxyMaTBca.
— BtiHufl MOft! — ayMajia ona: — HeysejH a aaxoqy 6htb jwa
Hero oóysoft? jl,a hh sa tto ea CBfrrb! Ho h He íaifB eicy sx^cb
BJta^HTB &H8HB vb HeB3BÍCTHOCTH; cK>xa He 8arjraHerB H ThBh
ycnixa, ROTopuft a bcímh cuaMH nocrapaiDCB AJia Hero ao6bt&!
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ynpflMAfl. 219
Ohs nocMOTpija Ha ROMHaTy, vl ROTopoft croajia h ROTopaa,
u*h h bc4 KOMHara wb aoiA, fiiuia Biicona h npocropHa. Ob yjti6-
Koft npanoMHHJia oea, vto 6um sa ÓesnopajoK* fb btoí caiioft
oíksraHOBK*, row om BnepBhie ee yBHaaja; sairfmfja cb yjOBOJB-
CTBieirB, RaBU ^HCTOTa h xase etKOTopuĚ rom$opto BOXBopnjracB
8jtfcB cb t4x% nopx, KaKi> ona noB&aa caiia xowftcTBO nysa. IIo-
joshitl, h TenepB em,e, Bára npex^e, Bewfc bmajibcb h ctobjh
KHHrH, BHBrH h BHHra; HO Be8A* H Ha Bcem 6HJia BH^Ha SaÓOTJH-
bui pyBa seHn^HHU, KOTopaa ho jaBaaa hm-b jesaTB Óes* npu-
CMOTpa, rjcfc nonajo; nona^ajiHCB jw&e yrojRB, yKpameHHHe upb-
TaMH h yÓpaHBLie cb qBcro-xeHCRflirB BKycoMi. Tjiajui BORpyra,
Bm npHMBpajacB cb ORpyxaiomeft cpejoft; et jase Havan
HpaBBTBCfl CTapBBOtlfi ABOfTB H MHpHEjfi TfeHflCTtlft Cafll, HOffB
HsyMpy^HOH) criHofi soToparo ÓesocraHOBOTOO cir6iuuacB cyeTjra-
Baa Tojna. Hojosumb, Myši ea mofb 6h jrbtb h npa xy^mefi
oťřcraHOBK*, AyMajia OHa.
— Ho, Bose Moft, ecjiHĎH xotb MajeHbRift ja CBofi ca^HRi! —
HeBOJibHO •B8AOXHyjiocB et. — Krri 6h qy^ecHO Óbuo nojumaTB cb$-
secTBK) sejieHofi jbctbu; napBaTB mhmoxoaom^ Hero-HHÓyjB TaKoro,
lymHcraro; npofitoaTB no cupoů Tpart h cmowtb mufl yrpeHHeft
pocoio, bmícto Tóro, qro6u jre&aTB BsanepTB, yse npocHyBmHCB,
BHMjaa, noRa npHjraqHO 6y*erB noRasaTBCa yTpoin> cocfeaairB, *o-
Topue MoryrB sanoxospBTB ee vl tom*b, ito OHa, qero xoóparo,
caiia xoabto Ha sapi r* mojk^hbijí sa mojforoitb...
— Btaaoí BaarB CRyqHO oanofi! — npoRpHqaro ewl Heio
ocpBnyqift ro.iocB nonyraa, ROToparo oea caafa roiw-to yqn-ia ro-
BopuTB h bt> myrRy, sa ero yrpiOMuft, p&sRift HpaB* nposBajia Cmoj-
JeTOlfb.
— By#ro ys*B th, afcftcTBBTejiBHO, odna?— BOCRJBRByji enje
jto-to aa Hero h ^bb-to cbjibhub pyRH ropflqo o^hbjib ee.
Em,e mhpl h m-cb YnjiBA^aftpi yse 6ujia y Myaut Ha kojí-
Han. b jacKaja, b npsxopaniBBaja ero, cBBBaa bb HHToqRy ero
yCBKH, npnrJiasBBaa euy bojiocii cbobmb posobhmb jaAOHBMB bx to
Bpeiia, KaKT> obi eme MHoro paai noBTopa.TB TpeBOSHO CBOft bo-
npocx.
Mojojiafl seHniBHa, RaRi b*b paMRy, Bdfljra rojoBy Mysa bi
ták pyRH, h bmícto BCBRaro OTBfoa cepBe3HO 8arjflHyj[a eMy wb
imfl. Ecjih cqBTaTB KpacaBn,eirB MysqBHy, crpofinaro e KpínKaro
CJOSeHÍfl, Cl yMBUMX, BBipaaHTeJIBHÍJM* JHI^OMX, TO, ROHe^BO, Rl
AeBBcy ýfljiBA^afipy bto Bupaseaie 6hjo bhojih* hpbjiosbmo. He
Bcerxa, o^HaRO, ^HSHqecBaa chm onpaB^uBaeTCH CBJíoft íyxa; qacTo
Phmckh npaBBJBHHB, dHeprE^HtiB qepTBi CRpuBaiOTL Majo^ymie HJIH
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220 BftOTHHVB EBPOim.
HepimHTejitHOCTE). BaMt bto soaja xopomo, ho h seafl, othhab
He MeH*e jno6wa itysa, efi *a»e HpaBMocb cosHaeaTb cbok> CHjy,
Baai BCflRofi »eomaH4 b*b iohhxi jrfcrax*. Hoj* cTapocrB Ta se
seHmHHa AyMaerB nnme: efi flocraBJíaeT* ÓesROHeiHyio OTpajy
qyBCTBOBaTb, hto y nea em CBofi samaraHR* « aopMiwe^, Ha
Boroparo OHa MO»era hojiokbtbch.
BaMt erapajiacb BarjiaHyTB Ha nyaa oasaiia ero Apyra, era-
pHBa $a6epa, h MHCJeHao nppfioBajia hphmíihhtb z% Heiiy cjoea
9Toro BopqyHa, ho BHAfoa to-ibro to, hto seiaia bha^tb, h Ae-
hhcb Óojiíe, q-fciTL KorAa-HHÓyAb, noRasajca efi qeaoBÍROirb, kóto-
ptifi AOJseHi hmštb ycnixt, flojaem* ero joÓHTBca cb ea noMombto
h ea crapaHÚiiiH.
— #a, ubi caMOMi aíurib qyBCTByro ce($a heloS pas* o«h-
BOBofi, — coraacEiacb oea, paBcyarai nocTynHTb HMeeHO Tasí, Ras*
efi He COBÍTOBaaT» CTapHKT*. — BHABHIb JIH, BCfc MOH APySbfl H
poAHue xaKi> A&ieKO OTCioaa,— h oea cb TpyxoirB noAaBiua bsxoxi.
— H crojbro se BacB 6iuo! Kor^a a sa to<$o6 npiixajrb,
mhí noBasajiocb híckojbko aecaTROBi!
— H htí) sa mym> CTOaďB y Haci b-b aomíjI — noAXBaTBJía
BaiťB. — Mu, BiiAb, oóuEHOBeHHO rphtojih Bcft saparo b Óesnpe-
craHHO npaóíraaH h ytffcrajiH boht> hs-b jOMy. JKhbhb óuia b*b Ha«
CTpeMHTejiBHHMTb Mmein> h, xoTfl mli He a^suh HHqero ^ijBHaro,
ho Bcerw RasajiHCB saraTEiMH, Bce ay^a-TO cnimHjn...
— Te64 xotíuocb 6u omtb Hasa^B *omo&, rt» cbohbtb? —
cnpociuT) ohi h bi rojocfc ero .nocjnimajiacb peBHOCTb.
— Hfere! — TopsecTBeHHO saaBHja m-cb yHJbwfrafipB. — Beixoah
saMyarB, a npuroTOBHJiacB shtb qyn> <rro He na lep^aat, a saícb,
b4.hi>, He lep^aRi, a coBepmeHHO ciacrjiHBa h flOBOJBHa!
Ecjh KeHmHHa roBOpHTB o CBoeM-B cqacTBi, pasdHpaerB ero
Ha cJOBaxi, DLiTJiHBBifi HaÓjnoAaTaiB Jierso hoamÍthtb hoboxb oo-
MH^BaTBca wl ea HCRpeHHOCTe. íeHHCt Obuto aaJieRO He Hafattfta-
TejiBHiift nejiOBfeťB, ho h b*b ero wasaxi acHiifi, npaBAHBtift oÓjihk^
seHu aoAepHyjca JierRoft ,t£hbh>: oh*b npHHfljrB ea cJOBa Rt cepxi^y*
— fl 6u h caifB xotéjix tfojBme 6uBaTB cb to6oh> AOMa
HJIB... SHTB TA^-HHÓyAB HOÓJIHSe OTB TBOHXX APy3efi H dHaROMEIXl,
— HpHfiaBMl OHB, RaRl (íy^TO coo6pa8HBi HTO-TO.
Stená cHAftsa y Hero Ha kojiíhaxi* tbxo-thxo h, iioaqa, ^h-
Taja y Hero Ha jihi$ ero jíjuu. B^pyn, oht> RarayjpB tojioboio,
Eaat 6u nporoHaa HencnojiHHMyio mugjb, h nporoBopajx, i^ijya
seHy:
— Ho 9TO HeBOSMOSHO, eCJH He BXOAHTB B*B flOJrH, 3HaHHTB 9
Heiero o&b btowl AyMaTb! — h oh*b eme past hísho noi^tjoBWL seHy,
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ynp*MAfl. 221
toibo xejiaa bhojhí Ha&saAHTBCfl tímh ÓaaraMH, ROTOpua eMy
AOcrynHU.
— A AeHBra, ROTopua mu csopo aojshu nojiyqHTb? — octo-
posBO naiaja OHa.
— Axi, ja, h to npaBxa! — noAXBaTHjn* J^eHect, RaRi <5yAT0
mima 9to bi nepBufi para. — HaAO 6u mbí HanoMHHTB CBoeny
a^BOsaTy, — h ohx cnycraro ee cb rojíbi, ito6u npnefeCTb rt>
crasy h saHecTd bto bb cboio sanHceyio RHHSRy, ROTopaa y Hero
h Ceai Tóro 6ujia nepenojraeaa sanncaMB um naiiara, ocraBaBine-
MHca, BnpoqeMt, Ďeai nocaiACTBift. Kcee^HO, Korja mu noAyiHM*
8th leHbra, mu cefinaci se MOseMi nepe&xaTB.
JBesa eroaja qyTb^yTL hooa&ib on, Hero u, c^enta doÓjt&a-
Htomaa, CMorpiua Ha Hero saayMHHBO.
— ^a, ho 9to 8aTflHeToi ea^ojro. Oceeb Ha ABopi, a ecra
nepefeaaTB, mao 6u ki> PosAemy yse 6htb Ha m4ct*. HeJitsa
aa... (ona nepeBe.ia Ayxt npesAe, hímx npHCTyneTB kx poROBOMy
npeAJioaeeiH), ROTopoe OHa erapajiacs Bca?ecRH CMariHTb Heotfuiaft-
HOĚ HÍSHOCTBK) Bl> rOJIOCt)... HeJIb8fl JIH HaMl... 8aHflTB HÍCROJIBRO
COTL 4>yHT0B*B, DORa MU BCe HOJiyHHMl CHOJIHa?
fteHHCB HaXMypHJCfl.
— nocjymaft, tu caMa ne noHHMaemb, ^t6 tu roBopaniB.
Bofica AOJroBi h aafiMOBx, RaRi *yMu! Haóbraft hxi Taai se
ycepftHO, Rasi tu oxpaHaemb cboio HesaBHCHMOCTB, CBoe aoťípoe
HMfl, CaMyH) SB8HB CBOH)!
B% rojocfc ero cjumajiacB TaRaa pimaMOcrb, et» EOTopofi OHa
ee npHBUR^a. Ee sto osaxaiiuio, ocTaHOBHJio Ha MHHyTy, ho ona
Bce-raKH He HawhpeBajiacb noRopoTBca h npeMBJío HaAy*a cboh
pyMAHua ryÓRH, TaR*B mmo, RaRi aro bhxoahto tojbro y o^eHB
mojoaux*b seBn^HHi, && h to, ecan 9to He Ha.no.aro.
flfiEBCh npoTAHy.TL Bnepe#B cboh ajhhhíja pyna efi Ha Bcrptay,
cb zasxoK) jracRH, ho OHa He otiparaia BHHMama.
— Hy, A*BHHBRa Moa, hoah ciOAa! — nporoBopMi oh-b.
— Si He AtoymRa, — B03pa3B.ua EaMi, HesaMirao rocacb na
ABepB.
— fift hoah se CH)Aa! — noBTopMi ^chhcb h BcraďB, HanpaB-
jíflCb aa Heio.
— #a hoah se crosa! — noBTopnjia b OHa, b*b cboio o^epeAB,
CpOCHBmHCb BOHT> H3*B ROMHaTU, BBepXl HO JTfeCTHBI^t, Wb CHaJHBHK),
otftsaja BORpyrB RpoBara, h bi Ty se ABepB, MHHya HaroHAB-
maro ee, AJHHHOHoraro ^eHBca, BUÓisaJia bohi h oqyTHjacb
BHHsy, npesAe ifora toto ycnijx cooCpasBTB, RaKi, h noqeMy OBa
Moraa ora Heqo ycROJBsayTB.
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222 B*CTHHKT> SBPOIUI.
UpasHaBaa ce6a no&bsAeHHNirB, owb Bce-TaRH cb aobojieboí
ycMimEofi noTepx cetffc pysn 0, coflja bhbsi HeToponjHBiwB ina-
roMt, ycfeica sa RHHry kb CBoeft KOMeari, r^i ffieHH Tasí h He
ORasajiocB. BcKopí oh* coBepmeHHO norpysHJica kb CBoe saHaiáe h
eAHHCTBeHHofi, w e to Heťíojibfflofi, noM&xofi ki ero noJHOMy yjo-
bojbctbík) 6ujio to, hto eMy npHXOAHaocB BCTaBaTB sa RHHraMH,
KOTopua ao seHHTBÓu eity 6hjio Taní Jierso AoeraBaTB, ne Bcra-
Baa cb M4da, — Torja oni jeauura orojio Hero npaiio Ha naiy,
itfuoft Kyneft. BcTaBaa, oetl RasAiift past noRawB&ii iuioboh),
noTOMy-qTO, HecMOTpa Ha bck) cbok> jiioóobb rt> ateet, ohb Heea-
bb^ími ea crpeMjeHie ri hhctotí h nopa^Ry.
KdaTB, mhí npHXOAHTB Ha naMBTB oabhi npejecTH^fiinift h
rpasHÍfiraifi MajBíHRi, soTopufi TepnÍTB He mofb yiiuBaiBca. KaKi-
to pasx, Borxa ero cjobbjih h, HacHJBHO bhmubt>, yjo»MH bt» ra-
cryBD nocrejiB, ero cnpocajH, mr* owb ceóa HyBCTByera: no crot-
crbI — ci OTBpameHieMt nocniraajt oetl otbštbtb.
IV.
B*b xjionoTaxi cbqbxi no xosaficTBy m cb YHJiB^aftpx rjiaB-
HtiMt otipasOMi npHJiarajia cboh crapaHia kb TOMy, hto6u Besrfi
6eijm HHCTOTa h aRRypaTHOCTB. OHa nepepujia bcí anj,HKH, otionua
bcí saRoyjiRH h, HaROHe^, floCpajacB jo amtma co crapuMB hhcb-
MaMH, ROTopufl iiyai. o64m,ajn> cara Rorfta-HKÓyAB npBBecTH bi>
nopaAOKx, itď 8Haqejo no npociy HUtmda, b BaMt npeRpacno
sto snajia.
Botb OHa y saB&THaro an^HRa, cb jiy&aBoň nojy-yjuÓRofi Ha
rytiaxi. OHa roTOBa noHedH HaRasame sa cbobo aepsocTB, ohe
sHaero, hto TaRi 6u He cj^aobbjio nocTynaTB, ho OHa, Rara b ea
npaMaTepB EBa, He ayMaerL OTnepaTtca ora cbohxt> norpfemHO-
crefi: b$ab EBa npaiio He OTnapaaacb, Rorja MyrcB ea A^ara
CBajHJit Ha Hee cboio BBHy. Bnpo?eifB, MyaraBHa *o Tóro droHcra-
lem, hto HHRaRia JiacRe b yirhmaHia He aioryrB ero saerasaTB
nocTynHTB npoTHBx ero bojh, h Ha nepBaro ?ejOB$Ra, pasHO/iym-
uaro rt> »eH*, nofffcficTBOBajiH He ctojlbro ea jacKH, cbojilko npe-
jiecTB aanpemeflHaro njo^a.
M-cb yBJBA^afipi 6uno HeMHOSRo ayTRO, Ror^a cpe^a oťíptiB-
robi cneTOBi h Thsevb eft ciush nona^aThca jibctrb no^TOBOtt 6y-
Mare, acnBcaeHue seHCRHMi no^epROMi. MaJO-no-Majy, hxi Ha*
ópajacb n^Jiaa Ryqaa h caMHxi pasHOo6pasHnxi nonepROBi: ro*
cuxx, npaMHXi, rpaMOTHbixt h w»e fiesrpaMOTHUXi... BaMT>, He-
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ynPflMAfl. S23
mmítho am cefia, craaa BOJHOBaTBca, A^xame ea craHOB&.30CB
npepiiBacrfce, raytise, no Mipfc Tóro, Káro OHa yCÍHBAaJiacB, *to
ea fyfieoTbdy Haysa He M$maaa bočte cb aeHm,HHaMH 8HaB0MCTB0
h jase nepenecBy. HepeAi net, 6esi yrafiBH, pacBpuaacB lacraiia
nponuaro ea Mysa...
— Ho ohh, hoju&uo Óhtb, A&BHHjneia! — noAyMaaa OHa npo
nHCLMa h jase CKasaaa bto Bcnyxi.
Cepwe ea youeHHO h rpoMBO CTywao, tohho Tpetiya, ito6x
OHa Ópocaaa bxi h He BMfonHBaiacB fb minus TafiHu Mysa h...
h tíxb ateHin.Hflt, Boropiixt oni siuurb jo Ópaaa. Kanoe npaBO
HMtia OHa BM^mHBaTbca fb ftiua *y*HX*, dpyxuxt seHmHHX?..
Osa BoaeÓaaacB.
— A a*TO AyMaaa, hto oht> xanoft tfyBBofcjpL Mhí 6ti cji4-
jobujo páHBme o6paTHTB BHHMame Ha ero xapaBTepniifi hoaÓo-
POJOITB...
Tjia8a ea ynajia Ha cainifi Bepxmft hsi jhctkobt,, BOTopue
(Jam y Hea fb pysi: oht> 6iutb noMiraeKB tocjtokb sa HeA*JiK) ao
cbhabÓh ,HeHBca.
Eme para, h em,e Bsraaflyja MOJOAaa aeHEUHHa Ha nepBua
dpoKH h hto-to joópoe h acHoe, Hacrmia eciH ne ea caiiofi, to
ea 6ea3aťk)THOfl iohocth, BApyr% yMepaa, yracja fb Hefi 6e8ca$AHO
Kb to Bpena, bbb*b ona CToa.ua OAHa cb jHCTBaMH fb pyB* h omy-
nuua Kasoi-TO BHyTpeHHifi xojoai npH mblcah, hto othuhí OHa
fijjerB eroaTB kb eropofli orc> wew, OAHa, cobcímb OAHa co CBoero
TtóBofi! KoHeiVB ea aob$p?hbo& jk>6bh h BsaHMHOHy nyBcray hc-
BpeHHOCTH: 6e3AyniHHfi bjotobi 6yMam cnurB HaBcer^a HesAy My-
sem H J&eHOfi...
— MeSAy HaMH ABOHMH, MeSAy MHOfi H HMB, MHOfi H HMT>, —
rpoiiBHHi monoTOMi, cb Tocsofi fb Aymi roBopua ona.
Otjioshfb b* eropoHy Byqsy naceM*, npn tom* efl CpocwocB
Bft Masa, HTO JHCTKOBB CB T*M% &e HOTOpBOMl ÓBUO (SOJTBIHe
Apyraxx, EaMX MamaHaatHO, toiho bto ee TaiBaro yfira By^a-
Ha6yAB noAajbffle, bohx h3t> AOMy, Bsa.ua nuiany h HaBHABy, caMa
He saaa, Ky^a OHa hactb h saniMi,. Ha noporí OHa ocraHOBEiacB
h sajaja cetffc BonpocB: KyAa OHa cnfanHrB?
— MaMa! — suuoÓho BiipBajiocB y Hea, Kam y peóeHKa, ko-
Topiift HaxoAHTB r^aBBoe h ecrecTBeHHoe vpz&bsBiBWfi fb MaTepun-
caotfB cepA^ 9 ho BApyn OAyMajacB h, BaBi 6yATO A-aa Tóro, ^toóu
cspuTB otl Apyrnxi cboh cepAe^HBia paHci, saByTaiacB luoTHie fb
aasHABy. OHa BcnoMHHJia, hto ea aom*b sa*cb, y Mysa, totb aom*b,
Koropiifi OHa caMa BtiCpajia ce64 BsaM^Hi, poAHoro. Ha bck> sbshb,
no CBoefi Aotfpofi bojí, OHa ocraBE^a cboio ccmbbo h „npHJiinHjacB
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221 BtCTHBBT, KBPOHLL
b*b Mysy*, na paaocTB a Ha ropě, — ea cene&HEia TpeBora ysi>
Óojibme He saBacaro on MaTepHHCsaro ynacria: ohí bt> pysax 1 *
ea Mysa h... fb ea coCcTBeHHHXi...
IlujiRaa, BneqawiHTeJiBHaa, racraa homuciomi h xymoft, mojo-
Aaa seHoc(HHa nyBCTBOBaaa, Káro Bce Boapyra Hea pymmrca, na*
aaera bi. npaxx. PasB* ohh He AaB&iB 06a nepe#B BoroirB ejatbei
jhoChtb Apyn» Apyra, Basi owb ee, Tasí h ona ero? r#6 se'&Ta
jK)6oBb co cropoHH ftemca, qejOBÍKa He orb Mipa cero, neao-
BÍEa HayBH h cepbesHuxt, oÓxjMaHHHxi qyBCTBx? Vxh jieajHCb
y Hero oth qyBCTBa?.. Eft hphhomhhjihcb ciOBa ae^a Cbk) npo ea
Mysa, Tor^a enje seraxa:
— Ohi, co CBoefi cropoHH, noBHflHMOMy He HHTaera hh na-
jrfcBmaro seaama, hh jase HaMipema Ha Bací seHHTBca: sto eu
BBixoAHTe 8a Hero saiiysi!
Ea caifOJiK)6ÍK) Chjtb naHeceH-B CTpamHiitt yaap*, Bce ea cy-
mecrBO, RaKx necTHofi h joDÓamfií seHniHHH, BOSMymaaocb, bos-
CTaBajo npoTHBi, HepaBHOCTH bx hx*b OTHomeHiaxi... #a kto se
OHa TaKaa, 8Ta dpyxaa aeHin.HHa, ítoÓh iiys-B, yse 6yayTO se*
hhxoitb, qyTB He HaBanyHi CBaaBÓii, OTAaBaai eu npeAncmeaie?
Ho saaoBO se h eiiy, yse spijiOMý HeaOBÍBy, ROTopoMy noa*
COpOKB JlftrB, qyBCTBOBaTb CBOK) SH3HB BO BJaCTH fffcByiHBB, HOVTE
peCeeRa, BOTopaa caMa HeBHHHa h He saTpoHyTa saieficsofi rpasBio,
a noroMy h AyMaero, *to qeaoBfet, cb KOToptiMt OHa CBastiBaerB
CBOK) SH3HB, TaB*B Se HHCTB H HeBHHeffB, KSlK% OHa CdMa?
Ecjh BaM*B eme coMiriiBajiacB vb rayÓHHŠ CBoeft jubdÓbh kb
TOMy, sa Bóro OHa caMa noseaaaa bhBth saifysi, Tenepb, nox*
BJiiaHÍeMi HesjB^aHHaro, cpasHBmaro ee OTRpuria, oea yse íioraa
OKOH^aTejibHO y6*AHTBca, jsjo Kasoft CTeneHH ropaw e npeoaHHO
ona ycnkaa ho.sk>6htb ero sa spaTBift cpoKi, CBoeft ÓpaiHOft shshh.
Otl npepoAti ropxaa h Heno#aTaiiBaa, OHa t4mt> Aopose 6uaa jaa
cbohxt* noApyrB h xpyseft, ho tími cMBEr&e HeHaBna&iH ee aerso-
MuaieHHue iohodih h MoaoAue jhoah, botopliitb OHa He npoib
6uja MaTHTB tok) se MOHeTOfi. OfiimaB* cBoe cepjme #eHHcy,
OHa AyMa^a, hto Bce-TaKH coxpaHHaa toctb ero *w ceóa... ho
hítl! Tenepb eft 6uao acHO bh^ho, hto oho Bce, 6e3pa3#fuiBHO
npaHawesirrB eMy. Tenepb ^ase bc6 ero caaňocTH BasaaacB eft
TporaTeJbeuMB h npHBaeBaTeaBHBíMH. PaaBi h caMuft fywrb sa-
npemeHifl sacaTBca ameica ci HHCBMaiiH He 6nai, cam ho ce<5*,
HaHjyqfflHMX AOBasaTejiBCTBOMi ero AOB&pia b-b sefffe? Ee oto
pacrporajio, CMyTHJo e bx cepjm$ ea raeBeJibHyjiacb saiocrB k&
MHJiOMy, saĎJiys^aromeMyca cos^amio, sa botopeiitb, Rasi sa pe-
ÓeHBOMt, Hysefll SaÓOTJIHBHft H CHHCXOAHTeaBHHft iiaTepHHCRift
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ynpjiMAH. 225
yxoAT>. Ho saMiTBJía <raa bt> ceói 9to qyBCTBO jihhib Tor^a, Káro
mjsi BepHyjiCfl h, ToponjiBBO pacnaxHyBí jBepB, noAoraeJx Kt Heft,
eme H8AaJiH npoTurHBaa pyRH, vrotfu oÓhhtb seHy.
— Upe-aecTb moji, BpacaBHija! íero tu 3#fccB chahihb, b*b Ta-
ilora XOJOtfy? — hIjSHUITB JtiaCBOBUlťB TOJtOCOMX HpBK&TCTBOBajrB OHI
ee h, ropjrao oóhhkb, npeno^Ha^ cb no.ay, ?to6u noitfuoBaTB kb
imo.
— Axx tu, Moa RpoxoTRa-seHopna! — eme wbs&whe nporoBO-
P&TB OHI H OCiinaJTB CTpaCTflHMH noitfuiyflMH, KOTopne He xanH
eiiy cpasy sairtraTB, Bani 6hjh xojoahh ea rytfu h meKH.
— #a ítí) cb Totfoft? Th yoiumaia HTO-HHÓyjB aypHoe npo
cbohxi h orop^ĚJiacB? Hm, Mosera 6htb, jejH Cbh>?..
ffieea MOJraa Kaqaaa ro-iOBOft h thxo OTCTpaHiua ort cefa
Mysa. Eft Cojibho ÓBiJio AyMaTL, hto KaKHXt-HHÓyjB lerape Micsija
TOMy BasaffB, kb dToft se caiioft KOMHarfc, okb tasí se toiho
oÓHHjcajt h itfuiOB&rB Apyryio... Ty! H Toft xocraiocB stotb ero,
sorxa Ohi Óhjtb MOjrose, jyqme...
Gtei^b h ofa^a npocHJiHCB Hapysy, MyraiH ÓíjHyio Eam.
— JI OTKpHJia TOTl flmHKt H HamJUt KB HeMT> HHCBMO... h&eb,
MHoro-MHoro nHceMi! Ho na oahomx ctohjo tocjo.., oho Hana-
caHO sa Hex&iK> jsfi CBajBÓu... 3a*rfeMT>, mim th na ueú ne
aeBwca?
— fl xotíit* bcí hx*b csera! — cepAwro OTBiraaji fteHHCB h
rycraa spacita saima ero meKH, a seHa yBHjaJia wh dtomi npn-
SBara npocroft Aocagu Ha to, oto ero TafiHa. pacspHTa, ho ot-
bh>jb ee HCBpeHHee cosajfeme o CBoefi bhhí nepe#B neio.
— KoHeuo, owb hh icanjfl ofo btomi He sajrfterB; éMy tojbko
aaiB, hto oh*b BĎ-BpeMH He ycnfrrB cxopohhtb rohi(Obi! — noay-
naia 0Ha.
— BfepHO, Bce crapiui, — nporoBopnn okb cxepsaHHO.
— Ohí HanHcaHii HeMHormrB (fairie Tpexx MŠcaijeBt TOMy
HasaffB; a mu serani Bcero — Tpn.
Bi roaoci serni h b*b ero coÓCTBeHHoft cobžcth OTpasMOCB
qyBCTBO CTUAa, HejiOBEOcra; b 8to eme 6ojihme ero paseepAHJO.
— A vrb si mh& 6blejo mhoh) npoBHHHjica?
By^b oto ne Jífimc?b 9 a Apyroft, am Hea nocTopoHHift, OHa, no
Bceft FfepOflTHOCTH, He nocTaBBJía 6h eMy Bt BHBy to caMoe, htÍ>
bi Heifb nasajocb eft npecrynHHMV, ona A&se BOBce He crajia 6li
ofo otomi AyvaTb hjb roBopaTb, ecjflftb eft 8to nepe^aiB, Ras-b
cjyxi npo Apyroro. Ho past saAÍm> CBoe cofcTBOHHoe a — Bce wk-
Haerb CBofi HacToamift bba* b npBHHMaerb totl, bi» RaROMi oho
npeACTaBJífleTCfl saBBTepecoBaHHOMy muj. Kbki qaero npaxoAHTea
BasAOMy asi naci BucjymBBaTb noxosAeHifl Apyrext h Ch RaRBMi>
paBHOxymieirb othocbmca mu Kb Hen>AOBaHÍK> bjib csopÓH rhx*,
kto otb OToro crpa^aerb! Kára qacro HawB caMHMi cjyqaaocb bi»
yrtmeHie roBopHTb oropneaBUM* bib oÓHseHHuro:
— ?to si A^iaTb? Haxo MBpHTbca ci HeBs6isH0CTbH). Ta-
robo ys*b CBOftcrBO H&iOB^qecRoft npepoAu...
' Ho nycTb Ta se Óíaa RocHeTca Hacb caMaxi, — a aaMi CTanerL
RasaTbCfl, ito Becb Mipi ROjmeni oTRjiHRHyTbca Ba namy ne^ajib
h ea noBO^Tb ysi He 6yAeTb bi Hamaxt rjasaxt npocTUMi v CBOft-
ctbomi ^ejiOB^qecRoft upapoAu".
HjiaRaTb b TOCROBaTb OAHony HeBiiBOCBMO Tflsejio; ho ecjiu
ecrb cb v&wb pa8A^iBTb CBoe ropě, — oho yse aa nojiOBHHy .ier?e.
BaMX HyBCTBOBBJa eHCTHHKTBBHO, ito eft Tose (Sujo 6a BABOe
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ynpflMia. 233
jerae, ecjratfu oHa shejis, hto iiysx HapaBHi cb Heft CTpaAaerB;
ho OHa BH^a, 3to ohi TOJibKo TorAa h noAAaeTca cbobmi bocho-
MHHaBiaMi, KorAa eMy o hhx*b HanoMHarB ea Ój&rbusi mesa, ne-
lutHiie rjasa hjh xojOAHua ryÓH, He OTBlraaiomia Ha ero uoufcjiyu.
GayiajiocB, hto Korja offB cnajrB, OHa npHnoAHHMaaacB Ha jhobt6
h 8MyMTOBO, hutjhbo CMOTptaa Ha ero Toqeeoe jhijo, Ha yMHErft
jofo, Ha HsaiqHBia, A-»0HHua pyra, TaKt jiobko o6pamaK>m,iaca ct>
iHMH^ecKBMH npenapaTaMH, nsajaBajia ce6i TpeBoxHuft Bonpoci:
— HeyseJiH, mejpo Hajtfuflfl ^eeHca cbobmh jiynneiifl A&paMH,
opipo^a no8a6njra a»tb eMy nyTRyio cobíctb?
A uesAy Tbwby Ohi 6hjpb OAapeKB bc&mh KaiecTBaMH, KaBia
tojii>ro MorjiH CA^aTB cqacTJBBUMH b ero caiioro, h jnoÓHMyio seH*
mHHy, h bc&xi OKpyatfuomnxx: ohi, 6h.ii AOópi, yMeex, ifarsaro
h npjiMoro xapaKTepa; HeHaBEA*** AOJirH; a ecJH y Hero He Óbijio
HH 9HepriH, HH npeAnpiHlHHBOCTH, BOTOpfilfl 6tUB Vb CHJIBHOfi CTe-
nera pasBHTU y ero meuu, to bi otoitb ho <5hjio enje tfojtmofi
%lí. Gb CBoefi cropoHM, h OffB TO»e npHCMaTpHB&ica kx Hefi H
tóra Cojbme ohx ysHaBajni seHy, tím* Óojboie HawHajrB yBarcaTb
to jnncfe ea bcíjxt* seHniHHt Boofime.
— Tu nojosHTejbHo BBepxi ahoitl nepeBepHyja bc& moh bo3-
3pÍHÍa Ha aeHiABHT), — roBapHBaďB oh*b HHorAa.— #0 Te6a, a h
ne noAOspfcB&jft, tto Moryra <5htb manin aceH^HHu Ha cb4t4.
Kára sajiB, *to MaMa ne AOSHJia ao Tóro, htoCh yseaTt h hojik>-
6btb Te6a! OHa JtoÓBJía xoponroxx seHmHHi.
TaBHMi oĎpasoMt, Ha nóB-fcpRy bhxoahjo, hto m-cb yMBA-
^afijKB HeBOJBHO Bíjpa6aTíjBa.ia b-b cBoeiťB iiyarf* B*py b*b ateHtijHErb
bb to BpeMfl, sara ohx caira, — Tara se HenpoúsBOJiBHO, — noKOJie-
6ajrB ea B*py wb iiyawHffB. BnpoqewB, eciBťřb OHa Morjia pas-
cys^aTB cnoKOĎHO, ona caMa mraero 6u He rnrfuia npoTHBi Taicoro
nop^Asa BemeĚ; cy^BÓa AaBajia efi bi pyKH cjynafi CA*JiaTB TaRoe
AOcroĚHoe, Tanoe Ao6poe a&m>, o KaicoMt OHa He Me^Tajia A&se
bo ahh cBoett paHHefi iohoctb. OtfjaropasHBaa h noAAepsHBaa iiysa
bi caiiua TpyAflua mbhjtu ero jebshb i^&hoh) jaqHHXt yAOÓCTBi
h npeHMym,ecTBi», OHa, BOHe^HO, coBepmHJia 6u repoftcsifi HOABHrB.
Ho oaa B*At BerynBJía kb 6opb6y cb MHÍHieMX CBfaa poAHOfi
ceHBH; ajw Hea rjaBnoe — nocraBHTB Ha CBoewrb, — nepeynpaMHTb,
AOKasaTB, hto ona npaBa, a He Apyrie!..
H OHa, crapaacB hh o qeMi He AyMaTb, oqepia rojOBy 6po-
caerca BnepeA^, jhhib 6h He AyMaTB, He orjiaABiBaTBca HasaA^.
KorAa m-cb YnjiBA^afipi nonura bmíct* cb noApyroft CBoeft,
CbK>, ocMaTpaBaTB HOByio KBapTHpy, — Oto TaKT>-Ha3HBaeMoe „rafe-
Whiko", OHa h He noA03p4Bajia, ao nero TaRoe MHHiaTwpHoe no-
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234 BfcCTHHRl EBPOmi.
irtmeHie o6ofi,«eTCfl Aoporo. He roBopa yace o csmexi crkHaxT,,
sxbcb Bce, píoiHTeJibHO Bce momo tojibko nopaxaTB CBoefi Aoporo-
bh3hoB. Ha hto yace Kapxo^ejib, r totb noAHHMaJca bi> ijfcfffc, noaa
ero aohochjh H3x julbrh cio^a; mojioro craHOBHjocb (Ha cjiOBaxx,
BOHeqHo) ocoťíeHHO ryeruMx Tarase crpanrao ^oporám,; Ranycra
fouia He npocTaa, a ocoOennaio, pŠAsaro copia, a BcaRaro po*a
OBOin.ii — qyrb He pocRombK) bx btomt. apHCTORpaTHiHOirB okojotkí.
Ho Baira HH^ero BToro He noAOspiBaja, Ror^a Bonua b*b ototb
„paficRift yrojiORfc" B&rfecrfe co CBoeio npiaTejiBHHiieft.
Otl npapoAH npaifaa h piraaTejbHaa, Bupocmaa vl 6ojn»moirB,
npocTopHOBfB noMÍin.eqbeMX AOirt, npHBURmaa ri npocropy nojiefi
h jfecoBT), BaMi» 6ujia Heapiarao nopaseHa tíchotoS h rpasBio
noMimeHia, KOTopoe ycepAeo BHXBajiflja nepeA*B Heio jiejH Cmo,
HecMOTpa Ha to, ito bt> newb He faiao BaHHti, hto RyxHa 6tua
cymaa TeMHBija, RjaAOBaa npHTKHyia ta^-to hoai jicTHimefi, a
BCfl KBapTHpa RHm&ia caictiMH pa3HOOÓpa3HUMn napa3BTaMH. IIojh
njiflca^H hoai Horaira h ecjiH&j HaméJica TaROft carkabqaicB, ro-
Topuň pfcmHjrca 6u npoTaHi^OBaTB Ha hbxx jihxo6 HpjaHACRift
„Asrhfb", btotb hojtb oiyraica 6u y Hero He nOAt Horamr, a Ha^x
rojOBOio. Bx AepeBH* TaROMy AOMy Rpacmaa níea fauia <5u xecaTB
^yHTOBi; sa^cb se ciHTaiocb eme CHHCxo&AeHbeirB ÓpaTB c% He-
CTOCTHUXl SH.JblJOBl HO TpHCTa ^yHTOBl Wh roA**, RpoM* AOÓaBO?-
hhx-b njaTeseft h najoroBi; cBepxx Tóro, xoibiiairb farao jioÓesHO
npeAoeraBJíeHO „noAAepsHBaTB Bce noMÍnjeHie wh HaAJiesan^eirb
bha* h nopflABÍ a b*b Teqeeie ABaAijara OAHoro roja. íomoxo&íbh-b
6un qaaoB^Kx tiorarafi h He HysAajca bt> AOXOAaxx, nooTOMy oh-l
h OBIJI H3B*ereHB, RaRi nojosHTejbHO paBHOAymHUfi r& TpeťSoBa-
híamt, jnoAeft, HaHHMaBmHXi ero xajRyio RjrfiTRy. Ohi TBepAO Óbmb
yBftpero, qxo bcjiía* sa oahhmx AypaRora, HOAHHcaBmHirb ROHTpaRTB
h OTKpBiBmHMT, Bcfe ero HeyAOÓCTBa, naftAyTca h Apyrie, eMy Ha
CMiey: ne Aapom se ero Rj^TRa HaxoAHjacb bt, MoAHoft yjini^t,
RyAa Bch crpeHHjiHCb.
— DocMOTpHTe! — BocxnmajiacL jeAH Cbk>: — bh (SyAeTe »htb
Ha cojraeTOOft CTopoei. Bha* OTCiOAa npeBoexoAHufi, a vb bohu,*
yjHH.H napKi», — pyRofi HOAaTb! 06oh npeMHJieHLKie, a hto ýopMa
KOMHan> HenpaBHJibHafl, TaR*B bto Aase Jiyqme; hxi mosho bocxh-
THTe.ibHO oTA&iaTb sa RaRÍe-HH(5yAB rpomH...
— Ho y MeHa h rpomefi-TO eítbI — B03pa8Hjia BaMx, BixrM-
AUBaa KB ORHO.
Ho yjHn.í CHOBaiH 9RHna&H, no TpoTyapaBix — ntraexoAu, ho
cobcímx HHoro poAa h BH.ua, hímx ona npHBHRjra bhaítb b* cBoeMi
HcrB-dHA^. JIhi^o ea paaropajocB, osHBja^ocB no Mipb xoro, k&ki
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yflPflMAfi. 235
OHa cMOTp&sa h HeBOJBHO cpaBHHBaaa cl oRpyataBmett ee otfcra*
HOBKoft OT^aieHHaro RBapraía, rjfc eft *o caxt nopi hphxoahjiocb
srn. OHa asaAHo BAuxa.ua Bosayxi, hojhuB cyem h CB^TCsaro
jocke, kb KOTopoMy vb rayÓHH* aynni hh OAHa ateemHHa He ocraeTca
paBHOAymHofi.
— Hy, nocMOTpBMi Tenept, RaRia Tyra Hyarau ÓyayrB nepe-
$jbh? — npojo-iatajia OKHBJíeHHo jiefla Cbk>. — HaiepecHO BHaTB, it6
OHfl 3a 9T0 BOBBMyra?
— Kára 9to TaKi, nepe#LiRe? Tyra, KaateTca, HH^cero He Ha^o
mímtb? — nporoBopHJia Báro, ORHAUBaa noBepxHOCTHsiMt BsrjiafloifB
roaiw crfeHti h ORHa.
— A RapHH8£i? A OKOHRua paMLi h craBBH? A CTeRjia h
Bce noAOÍHoe? — Baarao BOspaBHJia Cbio, — BnpoienrB, qero h
yiHEiaTBca? Bam, Moa joporaa, He npHxoj(H.aocB hmštb cb hhmh
Aiia. Greiji Banra njraTHJi aRRypaTHO *Ba pasa bx ro^B no cse-
xaxi; Bam, AiiBOiRaicB h bspocjiwm-b tiapumnaMi, Hajo (5aio tojibko
nosejiaTB qero-HHÓyAB jm tok>, itoÓh oho tottocb se aBHaocB;
bh nor™ ciriuio AyMaTB, wo njaTBfl h maanu He noRynaiOTCfl, a
roiOBíia pocryro Ha Rycraxi. Boto bh TenepB h croHTe, osa^a-
leraaa caiíofi nycroft aunefiCRofi MejioiBio, cb Rcropoft (Raní. h cb
ípyrBMH) orei^B ne sa&iaropascyAHJTB BacB nosHaROMHTB...
— #a híto, 9to coBcbwb He to, — nporoBopoa Sam. — fl He
nory cetffc npeAcraBHTB, Ryja a RÍHy bcí Hama eroau h cryjiBa
r # Óyjy xocraBaTB CBicraue npenacu?
Jlexn Cbk> paBCM^ajiacB.
— roayfoinrb bii Moft! r^* 6u bh hh khjih, Besa* HaftaeTca,
irt *ctb. H yai, ROHeino, sa$cb M-py YHjrBA^afipy ropasAO jierqe
fyím 3apa(5oTaTB B#Boe (fanBine npoTHEx Tóro, ttí> ohb nojyiaeTB
kb BamewB Boroira saCuTOMi orojiotr*.
Bx 9Ty MHHyTy Ha noport noaBeaca ROMMHCcioHepi, — BecBMa
npímno ojíthě rocnoABHi, ROToparo bdocjiíactbíh Baira OKpecriua
npoBBHmeirb MaKKiaBejJH.
Ohi (Íbijii BecB — horophoctb h yro/u0BO<rn> h jihhib thxohbko
noeid«Bajica ceófc noffB hocb Ha^ saÓaBHMMt jnonpocoMt, KOTopuft
Její C*k> HaxoAMa cb CBoeft eropomi BecBMa xeTpoyMHHMx:
— Ctorh h Tpy(5a?.. — AonpamHBajia nsan^Haa #aMa, OA*ixaa
no noci^AHeft mor*.
— O, bt» coBepmeHHoft ncnpaBHOCTn! 3aHOBO CA*JaHM kb npo-
nwom rofly.
— A BO^a H BOflOapOBOAH?
~ Crojbro yro^HO, h ihctoth ÓesynpeHHOfl!
— Kpuraa bx nopa^R*?
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236 BftGTHHEl EBPOIIH.
x — ,3/feBCTBeHHO HenpaKOCHOBeHHa!
— KpHCíJ 3j4CB BOAflTCfl?
— TaKHXi shbothqx* He Bí^aao h He ciuxaHO bo Bcein.
OKOJioTKt; eciH sb MHje^H h nonaiHCb Ha rjrasa ciy^afteo jbíj-
Tpa miyra, TaKt oe-6 Bipeo mhmoxoaoitb OTRyAa-HHÓyAB sa6tsajH.
— A TapaBaHOBi whr%?
— IloMifjyfrre, MMeflii! Hbtb mícto tojibro bi OTAaaeHHux*,
AemeBiaxt RBapTajiaxi, a He sflfccB, vb MoahoS yjaijt!
— A nepe/vkiBH?
— O, cymie nycTara, RaRHX*B-HB<}yAB noJiTopacra ^yHTOBi,
cb ROTopuxi bo BCflKoe BpeMH CyjerB CRHflKa, ecJiH rocnoAa y$Ayr&
ha* nepe^a^yTL ApyrniTB KBapTHpy. (3th TaHHCTBeHHua neperfuRH
RaSAQft P»3l CTOHJI1I SBJIBIjairB COTeHX (ftyHTOBTb, H3S KOTOpilXl
HlfB ftfcjiaiH CRHJRy Bl HÍCKOJbKO COTeHl EDHJUIHHrOKB, ROrfta OHH
yisata.iH).
— Híhtb jih Tyn aomobhxx?
Bi otbítb H8amHiift rocnoAHHB jihqib orjflHyjcfl cb MHorosHa-
qHTejibHO& yjujÓKOň. ^McTBHTejibHO, (Síahhm-b aoiíobhm% hphhuocb
6u onesb niozo bi TaRoft RBaprapfc, r;$ He (Siuo ne tojibro jhdi-
Haro, sa6fiiTaro ^yjana, ho jase HeotfxoAHMtnťB hojtori h niRa^OBX.
Majno Tóro, ohi> sHan npeRpacHO, btotb qncTeebKia rocnojiHHi,
^to wb btokb jom* Mtcro nojiHofi nycTOT* h Óes^eHesBio, ROTopoe
HeH8M^HHO 3#feCB BO^BopflJiocB cb HacrymieHieicB Óes^HCJieHHaro MHO-
secraa TpaTB h nepeAfc-iORi, KOTopua Ta&ejiuwb raeTOMi HenstilisHO
jioshjjhcb na (M&ahhxx smbijob-b; He Majro hxi yse nepefoiBajo
h pa8opHjiocB na 3Ty jraqyry.
BosBpan^aflCB aomo&, m-cb YnjiBA^afipi ayMajia o CBoeiťB sh-
jHin,* yse RaRi o ^eart-To nponuioirB, cb ROTopura y Hea ho*th
He ocrajiocB HHiero oómaro cb to& MHnyTH, KaKt oHa BHftiua
HOByio RBapTapy. Botb ao nero ratioRi xapaKTep* seHnjHHBi!..
Bi> to BpeMfl, RaR*B ea brhms* oÓorHyjii ujiomwb. BawB
yBu^a^a btb orhí roaoBy Mysa, CRJKmeHHyio Haj* RHHroft. Oh*b
CHA&TB BT» TOft Se CaifOft KOMHaTt, rflfc efi npHfflJIOCB TaR*B MHoro
BHCTpa^aTb, ho saTO h Óbitb c^acTJiHBoS... Cep^e ea cxaJOCB jio
6ojh npa mucjh o tomi, ao ^ero mhpho h ciacTJHBO shjiocb ao
chxi nopx ea Mysy hoai btoě cRpoMHOfl RpoBJíefi; RaRÍa-TO saÓOTu
h TpeBora roTOBHTi eify OHa caMa, aoÓpobojbho?
Taxo Bonua OHa bt> rom MTy; ho J^eHHCt Bce-TaRH yraxan, ito
OHa 3a*cb, h 6ucTpo o6epHyBniHCB, hšsho oďhajtl seHy. OÓMt-
H2BHIHCB HÍMH1TB HODffejyeMX, OHH CB.IOHHJIH TOJOBU NpY n ^ APyry,
H lyBCTBO 6e3MflTeSHO& THHIHHH H CHOROftCTBÍfl OXBaTOO OCOHXl,
tohho cepAD,e hxi qyBCTBOBajo, hto 30JOToe BpeMfl hxt» jh>(5bh h
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ynpflMAfl. 237
cqacn»a roroBO owertrt Ha-B&BB h ohh arfemBJíB HacjiaAHTBCfl ero
docjiíabhmh jynaMH...
TaKOBH Oblib CMyTHua ^yMH MOiOAoft aeHnpHH; ho h iiyai
ea Tasse chaIu^ saAyiiaBmBCB, xotl kb ero mbicjhxi h npeotaa-
IWb BCBJHOTOTeJBHO Hay?HU& BHTepeCB: OHI TOJIbKO-^TO HOJiyHHJrB
on cbobxi HSAaiejiett sasasi Ha rpaHAiosHyio paócvry, BOTopaa
jojaHa ÓHJia npox^HTBCfl MHoro ifrrB h, no Bceft b^poathocth, —
He npHHecTH hh rpoma.
IlepBafl 3aroBopHja Bani.
H£sho norjaxHBi eiiy boaocu, noAnepeBi noAÓopoAoai, *to6h
DpimoAHflTB b*b cefifc ero jbijo, OHa jyaaBO cnpoc&ia, b&bi 0Ha
eMy HpaBHTca ceroAM? 3aT&Mi, Bce Taa-B se majoBJíHBO Hano-
HHua eiiy, hto He jjapoirB bt> Bapeiaxi ycTpoeeu oRHa h hto bi
HHXl KOU-KOMtf HpeBPaCHO BHAHO KOŮ-K0W).- KOrO XO^CTCíí BHAÍTL.
— Bhaho yax mh£ hphxoahtca HanoMHHaTB BairB, cyjapb,
HHor.ua npo moh Ao6poAfrre.ni h coBepraeHCTBa, — npoAOJisajia OHa. —
A eciH Bii ocraBHTB 6esi BHraaHia, ohí nosajyft, BOBce npo-
najyrB... vrb 6hjo <Sh KOHe^eo o^eHB ssajB... He Tasí jih?
Ea shboctb h myTBH ocoÓeHHO ero mriHHJiH nepBoe BpeMfl
Ml COBlffeCTHOft XH3HB, BOTT> HOHeMy OHI HOpaAOBaJCfl HX*B BOSBpaTy
h nocnžmajii otbíthtb eft Taxse jacRofi: noxBaJBJTB ea nuuraBy,
nojKÓOBajrcfl ea npocreHBBHiťB osaTBeirB, ho ocotieHHO ea dpofi-
hoí $Hrypoft h craHom, He HsypoAOBaHHtiifB Maccoň otiopora h mim-
hhmh moahhmh pysasaMB, BOTOpiie Jl&lbWTb SeHn^HHl HOXOKBMB
Ha paSOA^THXl ByBOJTB.
— Aeraci! — BApyra CBasaja OHa: — a BBAiua HOByx> KBapTBpy,
i AyMaio, hto OHa Moacerc. HairB roAHTBca.
Myši Bára- to HeonpeA&ieHHO BsraaHyjrB Ha Hee, h OHa sairit-
raia, tto y Hero ecTB Ha yirft oto-to BaatHoe, hími orb xoiera
cb Heio noA^HTLca, h hto ero hoboctb ropasAO Ba&Hfte, a cjiíao-
mejBHO, tto ee HaAO ofcyABTB CHaqajia.
— Hy, roBope: bi něm aíjo? — nocntmHO npepBa.na ona
caiia ce6a.
— EpayKB h TapTapi npocsjB Hera HanecaTB A*a hbxi
OAHy BHHry, — OTKira&ra oh*b, h wasa ero safaBcraM. — ^ocrh hmt>
tyAyTB ctóbtb 6ojBme TEicaw ^yHTOBx; 9to CyAerB He Jieraaa pa-
6ora, h mhí npHAeTca hpocba^tb HaA* Heft DffcnHe roAŽt.
— H cbojbbo sa Hee nany^ann,? — cb rjyĎOEHiďL jiío(5onuT-
ctboitb nporoBopua seHa.
— O! — HftcBOJBBO oniniHB^, OTBftqaai eft Myši: — no Bceft
BfcpoaTHOCTH, npHAeica HOTpyAHTBca AapoMx; ho sa to btoti. Tpy^t
AacrB Hfli cpasy sHa^BTejiBHyio bsbícthocitb.
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238 BfcOTHHKB BBPOIIU.
— SL 6h jyqme xorikia, ^to6h ohi ami Te(řfe xotb MueHB-
Bifi sapaÓOTOKi,, — BOspasHJia EaMiCL TAsejum paaoiapoBameifB.—
Mh4 saseTca, tu hb cjttixaďB, vrb a cefiiara CRama?
Aeraci OHHyjcfl on cbohxx Hayqfltixx rpest, vroóu em,e pa-
bori non.tjoBaTb aeHy h npnÓaBiiTB, HacROJBRO Mora yBipeHH&e:
— ^a th caasajia, Moa npeaecrB...
— ...íto a BHfliJia aombri, npo ROTOpuft roeopaaa ji8ah Cbk>
yHJiBAecaprB, — AOKOHqava sa eero xeHa, noiuiAUBaa Ha Hero, *&xi
Ha 6ojiBmoro petieHRa, KOToparo Tasí jierso (Smo o&faHyTB h ro-
Topufi 6ujn> aoctohht, caiiaro HisHaro, caiiaro satfoTJiJiBaro o6pa-
in,ema co dopoHEi aeHH.— JI roBopnjia b-éa* Tetffc enje cerojH*
yTporo, ito coÓHpaiocb ixaTb nOCMOTp&TB.
— Mn6 Tefa HexocTaBajio; a qyBCTBOBaxB cefa TaRimi oah-
horhmx, Borxa BepHyjca aomoě, — pasdtaHHO nporoBopui oh-b. —
O&b BTOWh jomí a h BOBce xyMaTB nosatiBuii. Bce BpeMfl a tojibso
h xyifajrB, hto o CBoeft ÓyAymefi RHeri.
— Kt> coaiajÍHiío, RaseTca, h a caMa, h mou BHTepecu hh-
Rorxa He cpaBHaiOTca m& Tefa cb HHTepecHoft RHHrofl! — Bospasiua
BaiďB.~Ho BepHeMca kb AOiiy: ohx o^eHB Maji, ho ero moxho
OTA&iaTB h yioTBO ycrpoHTB, Gtďhtb oh*b ÓoaBine, yIitb B^Boe npo-
THBT» TOrO, 1TÍ) MU DJiaTHMTb TenepB; HO 8T0 Bfc MOAHOft yJIHII.t,
Kor^a CBepHemB no HanpaBJieHÍK) ki BepRejefi-CRBdpy.
— noMHjsyft, Aa 8to b^ab caMaa Aoporaa hsb johaohcrhxi
yjraiVB! — BOCRJHKHyjx ^eHHCB, yae OROHrarejiBHO nptua B i> ce6a. —
KpoMÍ KBapTHpu, HaftAyrca h enje HenpeABHA^HHEie pacxoAtf—
Mu noJOSHTejiBHO He MOseMi ero bsatb!
Bb BO.ieeHÍH, OHI bckwb H, OTOňAA OTfc aeHu, npHHflJICfl xo-
Ahtb Bsa^B h BnepeA* no ROMHarfc.
— YBejHqeHHue pacxoAH ariuo nospoiOTca yBejroenHuirB
npexoAOMT,, — cnoRoftHo BOspasHJia Bam TBepABrax rojocoMt. —
Bmícto OAHoro — ABÍHaAn,aTb qeJOBfoťB (JyAyra npexoAHTB ri Tefó
8a TBOHMH H3CJlÍAOBaHÍflMH 9 HOTOMy-TTO BX MOAHyK) yJIHIjy H1TB
Ójraae, tím* CK>Aa.
— A MefieJiB? — HeAOBipwBO cnpocHJTB ^eHHCB.
— B4ab, OHa yM4crajacB sa*cb; a 8a$cb, cam sHaerat, tícho.
— Ho KHHra se moh RyAa A*BaTB?— osabejica ohi.
— Aja hbxi HaftAOTca iffecra baobojib; Aa ne toibko ajui
hhxb, ho h fflsí Bceft TBoeft ja6opaTopÍH... ( W H au TBOeft jhXJob-
Hofi nepenecRH a , noAeprHBaio ee csasaTB, ho ona He CRasua).
Bnpoiem, ohb bha*^ ea mucjih no JiHn,y, RaRi crbosb npo-
spaiHoe creBJío, h yra^aji^ to, o neirB oea yMOJiqajia, h ero cexu
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ynPHMAfl. 239
HexocraBajip npoTHBHTbca efi: ohx cosHaBajrb, K&ro mhoh) ona sa
Hero nepecTpa^ajia, n cneiajt cbohmt, AOJiroM* ycrynHTb.
— Xopomo. JÍ saBTpa se nofixy h ocmotpio ero! — BopoTKO
aporoBopHJTb ohi, h 8THMH oiOBaMH nojo&HTb nepBuit man k%
tomj npon,eccy paspymema, KOTopoe npopoiecRH npeACRasiiBaji
ero apyra, Ho.ib <řaóepb.
Ci dToro qaca HaBcer^a OTJieT&iH am AeHHca YobA^aSpa
6e3o6jaqHue ahh raxaro AOBaabCTBa CBoefi cyAbfioft h cbohmh yqe-
HHMH TpyAaMH.
vn.
Ha Apyroft jeHB, ^eHHCb ocHOBaTejbHO ocmotp&cb Becb jom,
o sotopomx roBopHJia eiiy aeHa, h yfóAHBnracb, to), norbcHHBx
xopomeflbBO cboh BHHrir, ohi Mošen hxi bc4 xyaa yMierHTb,
oďmbhj-l, qTO (ÍOJibrae eMy Hflqero He Hajo. Ohi aase 3apaHte
HasHawďb ce&b mícto, Ha ROTopo*n> Cy^era cbaítb sa CBoefi ho-
Boft Óojbmoft patioroft, HspíflRa npepuBaa ee jm Tóro, to>6h xo-
AHTb qffraTb jiesipH h AasaTb ypoBH, 4<rrb h cnaTb. Bo bc6 oth
pasečeni Sam He Bxo^HJia: — ero ro.iOBa 6um #o Tóro norjomeHa
Haysoft h paforofi, to> jm poita seHEi He ocraBajiocb ysi hh
keiuh BHHMaHifl. Riaja na Hero h aaymaa ero paacyjKAema,
MamaBeJH npo ceóa HasHBajrb ero caMUMx tiespascyAHUMi hsi
GespascyAH&finiHXi jiK>Aeft, KorwjiaĎo noateiiaBniHxi, ce64 Ha no*
rróejb, saHATb „npHJBHHyio" pasBajiHHy Ha BeMROCBÍnrcRoft yjeitft.
Ho^eiiy, nepeciynaa sa noporb CBoero HOBaro majema, Baiďb
o^yrajia HenpiaTHyio Apoatb? Hjih cojen,e cbíthjo kb OBHa MeHbme,
rtiib oňbiKHOBeHHO? Mjih Ha yjiHD,4 He 6ujlo Tóro o»HBJieHÍa, Ka-
noe 6hjio HasaHyn^? Hjih npHB$TJHBbi& napni, rocrenpÍHMHO pac-
KBHyBHliĚ CBOH BÍTBH TyTb »e, nO COCfcACTBy, BAPyrb OTOABHHyJlCil
noxajibme sa MBHyBmyio ho%?.. Bck> Aopory aomoB, m-cb YBJbA-
ýatpi KpinKo Aepsajacb sa pysy Myata, xora pacKaama et,
Hefi He 6blio h cjrfeAa, ho OHa He Moraa He qyBCTBOBaTb, tco fb
čepme ea CTymancb RaRia-TO AOČpufi mucjh h qyBcrea. Ho b*b
xaKHXT, jhoabxx, bi BOTopuxi qacro ĎopeTca aaoe naiajo cb a<X5-
puiťb, qam,e oAepsHBaerb Bepxi nepBoe Hajfb BTopuirb, h Tor^a
Tasoft qeaoB&Tb, saRi 6ujia MOJiOAaa m-cb YMb^aftp*, hsx rop-
XOCth h caMOJiioÓia HHKorAa He coaaaeTca bt» CBoett ohibďeí h npo-
Aoiataerb cosHaTejbHo hath no TOMy nyra, Ha KOTopuft BCTynejt
noA*b MiflHieMx HeoÓAyMaHBOň ropa^HocTH ..
CjÍAyiomeMi» sarbifb a^omt, 6 ti jo — AOcroTb AeHbrH, Heo6xo-
AHMua AJifl nepefeAa h ycipofiCTBa Ha hobo& BBapTept. Bawt
i
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240 BfcCTHHKl EBPOHbt.
npHmjocb caMofi (h sto 6bijo am Hea xoboabho syiRo) ísahtb ni
HOTapiycaMi h r*b noBipeHHHMt iiysa, Roropue Óesi bcarhxi sa-
TpyAHeBifi corjiacHJiHCb ycipoHTb saeMt, ecjH HafiAyrcfl ABoe nopy-
qmejieň; ohh ee toabro HanuiH bthx* nocjriiAHttxi kb hhcjií Apy-
sefl YMbí^aApa, ho h ero caMoro (a sto 6hjio TpyAHie Bcero!)
CbyM&IH yfit^HTb Bl HeOÓXOflHMOCTH HpOCHTb HXl Ofo 8T0MI. KaR*b
h BCABOMy nop^AOíHOMy qeiOBŠKy, ^eHHcy Bpa&He Taseno h ao
HÍKcropofi CTeneHH yHH8HTejibHO noRasajocb npoAfeiuBaTb bod ary
npoijeAypy, ROTopaa y BcaRaro MysTOHH Rasi, (Su OTHHMaero qacTb
ero MyaecrBa.
Béhwb jh sHaROHO cjobo h caMoe nOHarie „nopywTejbCTBa"?
IIopyqHTejib SHBerb bt> crpaxi, hto cb Hero boti-boti iioryrb no*
TpeÓOBaTt pacnjiaTu sa ero jercoMuciie. Ohi apo&hto 3a Ras-
Auft marb Tóro, sa noro nopyqajicfl, h bmíctíj cb tím* He CM&era
ocTaHOBBTL ero Bb-Bpeif#, otfpasyiiHTb, sa^epsaTb ero Óucrpoe
na^eflie.
— „...H Aft He Óyxen hh saemiiHROBi, hh Aaiomax* bt>
AOJi-b"... — roBopHTCfl bt> saROH$ h sas^oe cjiobo hs* dToro npa-
BHja cJi^AyeTb ijíhhtb Ha bícb sojiora.
Bcio cbok) »H3Hb ^eHHCb nposara Ha CRyxHUfl cpe^CTBa, ot-
Ka8UBOfl Ce6Í BB HeOÓXOAHMOMt, TTOÓBI HMÍTB BOSMOSHOCTb HpÍO-
ópfcraTb RHHrn h rhefe; ho HHRorAa eMy He npHXOAMOCb hh-
Roro h hh o neiťb npocHTB. Ohi He noA08p£Bajrb, ja h He mops
noA03pÍBaTB, RaRoe ya&CHoe 6peMa ÓpaJi Ha cetía, corjamaacb sa-
HflTb; ho nepBue se mam vb pjb3& saftMa, hohcbh sa nopy?HTe-
jflMH yse a^sh eMy nosyBCTBOBaTb bck) ropeib ero ÓyAymaro no-
joseHia.
Bt> totb AeHB seHa aojfo sa&&* ero ri ofttay h He Morja
AOSA&TLca; HaROHei^b orcb, yse Benepoirb, BepHyjca h TaROĚ hshc-
MOseHH&ifi, cb TáRHirb ÓÁjifluwb JLiNíflWb, ito OHa He Morcia ororo
nosaCHTB MHoro ďfcrb cnycra,
T^HAfl Ha Hero, OHa cb TpyAOMi yAepsHBajacb orb pha&híě,
ROTopua ee AyniHJiH on y&aca, wrb OHa HaTBopnaa.
— BosbMH hxt>: Borb oh41 — CRasajTb OHb cb ropeiBio, Ópocaa
Ha CTOJPb nanRy RpeAHTHbixi 6yicarb: — tu h BOo6pasHTb ceííí He mo-
semb, ao ^ero Taaejio oh* mh* AoerajHCB!
H seHa He nocM^ia hh HOAOftŤH noi^iJOBaTB ero, hh xota 6u
yrtmHTB, ycnoROHTb. OHa MOJ^a nonua h cnpaTajra AeHBra vb ro-
moai», BHyTpeHHO HsyMjflacB, hto He HcnuTtiBaerB Heqero noxo-
aRaro Ha paAoeraoe BOs6ysA6HÍe, RaRoro oxe^aja. Eft CHOBa npn-
noMHHJicfl paaroBopB cb $a6epom 9 h efi noRasaiiocb, tco OHa yse
aa^aJia crarnBaTb BepeBRy Ha met y icysa...
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vnpflMAfl. 241
Bb totl Beiepi flfiBVLCh HH?ero He (Íimi fb coctobhíh íctb
H JOJTO He MOFL 3a6filTBCfl TASeJHlTB, TpeBOSHH&TB CHOKB; JHUIB
Ha Apyroe yrpo ohb cteji RaRi-ÓyATO eeMHoro 6oApfee h, RaRi
Bcerja, ycfcjca sa paÓOTy. Bce BpeMa, noKa BOKpyrB h oroso Hero
nura cyeuHBaa h pasHOotipasHaa patíOTa ynaBOBRtr h nepeBOSRH,
ohi ch^íj-l HeBOSHyTBMO sa cbohmu KHHraMH h sair&TRaiiH y cBoero
CToia 0, KasajocB, xotb ceitaacB HaqHHCB seiuieTpaceHie— ohi He
XBHHeTca cb jriurra. Ecjih <5h BBxpt B^pyra copBsuai ero cb Rpecja
h yMWJra no BOSAyxy, — ohb, RaseTca, h Tor^a He Biinyma* <Sh
Hra OAHoft pyRH — nepa, a hs-b Apyroft — saM-frroRB h npoAOJisajrB
6u OTMÍqaTL A&se bo BpeMfl CBoero BOSAynraaro CTpaHCTBia.
XeHa caMa coÓCTBeHHopyrao CBasajia, no nopaARy, bc6 ero
ĎesqucieHHUfl rhoth bt» A^HHHue pa^H h nocraBELia na hhxt, ho-
Mepa. OHa se pascopropoBajia ÓaHRH cb npenapaTaMH, RaRHxi aro
hh ctďkso eft ycoiift h oTBpamema... h A&Re tohihoth; CA^aajia
CHHÍe HŠmRH wa nepenoBi h, HaROHei^B, hoab cbohmi jih^humi.
Ha&noAeHieiťB nepeBeaaa bck) 3a6opaTopiio iiysa. Ho saTO OHa se
eaiia nyTB He cnaJKta BecB aoitb, npeAaBaa orHio ero nepenncRy
h wb tomx se ayxi yHHTrosaa BecB HeHysnaft xjiaMi, cpeAH
KOToparo ^eraci shji ÓesMaiesHO kb Tepeme Aecara jri&ra.
MesAy témb, hoa* (taHsa&mH&rB npHCMorpOMi jbah YHABAecaprB,
bb ÓyAymeirB „raísAuníR*" mojoahx* cynpyroB* pa&vra TaRB h rh-
irkia. #m AOMa, ROTopuft ďbutb „b-b oÓpasijOBOMi nopaAB*", bt, hcmb
ORasajiacB HysHa (cpaBHBTeJiBHO, ROHewoOnřfcjaa Macca nepe^oR* h
mosho 6hiAO y^HBJíflTBCfl ao nero MHoro patioiHxi HanuiH ceóíi bt>
HeirL a&bo.., noRa He npaBejiH Bce wb Hawesamift nopaAOR*. Ho
yciOBÍe yse (Simo no bc£mb npaBuiairB noAnecaHO íeHHCOMi h no-
Tony npaxoAfluiocB co bcímh HeyAOÓCTBaMH h pacxoAaMH mhphtbca.
H Baira, cb CBoefi CTopoHH, npeAnotua tottocb se npecTynHTB r*b
aepeAÍJRaiťB, Rasi tojbro o6HapysBJOCB (h oCHapysajiocB 9to
BecLMa CKopo), ?to bc* rasoBne pOSRH, bcí HacociJ H TpyÓH OTpt-
3aHH crapaHiaiiH apie^efi h rasoBuxi oÓmecTBi, oĎosjíeHHtixB Ha
to, tto hmi He ynjiaTHJiH 3a paÓOTy; — qxo nepBaa se rposa y^H-
Biua nfciub noTOiix, ABepn h ORea He OTBopaiOTca h He saTBO-
paiOTca, saMRH He A^ficTByiOTB h t. n. Eft 6ujio sajiB CMymaTb no-
soft Mysa, ymeAmaro vb HacaasAeme CBoefi paÓOTOft; a» h r*b
qeny HanpacHo on-iaKHBaTL HenonpaBuiioe h HensfiisHoe?
A Bce-TaKH, b* nHCbMaxi ea ri poahumt* nporjiaAHBajíi ot-
tíhorb tocrh h HeAOBOJBCTBa, HesaMÍTHO AJfl nea caMoft. MaTB
rpycrao Raqaaa rojiOBOio, Raai 6u sejiaa CRasaTB: botb b*ab bu-
Dua Hama ynpaMHi^a sa 6*AHflRa, nocTaBua Ha cbocmb, a TenepB
M^HaeTB KBapTHpy, htí> Bcer^a ctóhtb AenerB... Oren.^ cmotpíjii*
Tom* iv!~li)», 1896. 16
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242 MCTHHKB BBPOIIH.
03a66H6HHO h xnypo: OHi> HHBorAa He mopl ce(54 npOCTHTB, HTO
AMi bojik) CBoeft jik>6hmhi$, BaMi (fcua caMoft faecrameft, caiioft
yMHoft h rop^oft, caiíofi ynpaMoň H3* ero aoqepefi; ež bcí npopo-
hhjih óoibmyio Cy^ymHOCTB e Bapyra... BApyro ona saBycHJia yjiua h
noiiqaiacb Bnepéxi Ha BCTpiray CBoefi b$pho& raÓejH, a TaBse h
rHÓanH Tóro, Bóro oHa nsópaja ce&k bx cnyTHHBH shshh. Ha-
cbojbbo Ohi BHfl&rB h sHa^i ^emca YiLiBA$afipa, erapesi yciriurcb
jase hojiioÓhtb ero; ho 9to He iriferaajio eMy qyBCTBOBaxb, hto h6
TaKoro MflrKaro n nojauiHBaro nysa eaio 6u ropnieft h nopuBH-
CTOfi A^ByniKi, wa Tóro, hto6h oxpafflm ee h ca&iaTB ctoctjh-
Bofi. O^HaBO, mění* He Biribraraajicfl kb cepAe^Hua alma Bára,
Bára h kb #&ia nporaxx cbohxt, aoiepeft, BOTopua Bcfc npeerpoH-
jihcb BecBMa npMHHHO. O^Ha h3*b hhxí, Poaa Yopcecrepi, dHep-
thhho h ytftAHTejiBHo HHcaaa cecTpfc no noBOAy ea nepefeaa Ha
HOByio BBapTHpy:
— „ÍTb tu sarfuua, aoporaa Moa? Bunuia tu saicysi sa tojio-
Bisa, BOTopoMy, Basi caiia se tu roBopnniB, Braní yae sairfrafljH
aseHy; a TenepB, BAOÓaBOBi, xoiemB ero pasopHTB. Tu xoieiHB
nocejHTBCfl bi Moahož yjHufe, a bx cobšthhbiu ce6fc 6epenn> to^h
v YHJtBxecapTB! OHa AOBe^en BacB jo noaraaro pasopeirifl vb sasie-
HHtfyxB nojro^a: He satfuBafi, tto OHa saMyaeMi sa (foraieifB, ko-
Topuft ecjH h OTBasuBaen eft kb CBoean* oÓmeciBŠ, to He ovsa-
suBaerB vl xeHesHuxi leBaxi. 3aMÍTi>, hto OHa erpamno pacro-
^HTejiBHa (Meajy Haiin (5y«B caasaHo) h tto tu, co caoeft bhahoB
BHimHOCTbio h yneHoft rjiynocTBH), aerBo MOsemB BnacTB b% noxpa-
same, tími tforfje, ?to bu neMHoro nexosn o*Ha Ha apyryro. Tu
roBopHinb, BOHTpaBTB y»e HOAHHcaH^? Bce paBHO Ha#o ero Ha-
pymHTb, bo htí> 6u to hh crajio! BepHHCB Ha crapyio BBapTHpy,
pascmBB Bcfc 6aHBH h CTEJiflHBH no crapuirB whcT&wb h faaroxapH
cyAB^y sa sa&Auft dyjix, BOTopuft npHHa^jeaHTL -reói Óespaa-
A&[BHO! a
Ho BaifB tojbbo nocMŠfljaeB Ha yBin^aHia cecrpu h upokoj-
auuia hath CBoefi xoporoft, KOTopaa bi» to BpeMa, npaBjy csasaTB,
ofixoAHJiacB ež aobojbho Aoporo. Y Hea Óhjii BBycB, kakx h y Óojbitoih-
CTBa (JjiaroBOcneTaHHuxi iK>Aefi, BbipocraHxt kb 6ojbniofl, 6jaro-
ycTpoeHHofi ceiíBŠ, kb óojbmoMi., sasHTO^HOirB aoarfc. B^iame po-
Afrrejefi n CTapmHxi He MO»en» He csasaTBea Ha afrraxi h nox-
pocTBaxi: oho BusHBaen hxi xapaKTepi,, CBoftcrBa h Boaspima bt>
onpe^eHHyio ^opMy, h ho dTOfi (^opiďi fl tojietíj cpasy mosho
oxihhhtb ^ejiOBisa óojiie Bucosaro npoHexoK^Hia, — ctóhtb toabbo
npHCMOTpfiTBCfl Wh TOliy, BáBl OffB jepaHTCa, XOftHTB, rOBOpHTL,
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ynpHMAfl. 243
h bij cpasy onpefliwiHTe, ki saBOify cocjobíh) ohb (hm OHa) npa-
HaxJiesHTB.
BfiycB y m«cb YHJBA$a8pi» Óblii HecoMeiHHo; ho eMy He
OTBiraaM ea fleHeacHEia cpe#CTBa. Orj&iaTB RBaprapy co BRy-
comx He npeACTaBjfljo am nea HireaRoro saTpyAHeria, ho Ha#B
Kas^oft Mejoqtio, RaRi 6u aemeBa o Ha hh (5aia, efi hphxoahjocb
BiijepsHBaTB <5opb6y cb HeoCxofleiiocrBK) CHHTaTL Ras^uft rponrB,
a ri 9TOMy y eea He 6ujlo chocoChocth otb npcpo^u. Ho Bam>
BUAepatHBaja Óop&6y h nacro noAiHHaaa TpetfOBama CBoero BRyca
TpeÓOBaHifliii RapMaHa, Rt Heiiajoft Aocaffb h noay-npespHTejBHOMy
coaajiifliio CBoefi Óorarofi noApyrcr.
— „Fais ce que voudras, — advienne que pourra", — TaROBO
<5imo sHTeficRoe npaBHjio axoft Hsan^Hoft h uejioVl cbítckoB aReH-
ffl,HHH, ROTopoft He ctohjo HHRaRoro Tpyja nox^HHaTBca Tpe6oBa-
hmmi CBoeS pacTOHErrejuBHOCTH h jiioÓbh ri pocRome.
BairB eroajia y ORHa u cjritamia rjiasaMH sa nocjr&flHHMx bo-
80irB cb BemaMH, ROTopufi Mea-aeHHO saBopaHHBajrB sa yroii CRBepa.
PasHHa HesHa^HTeaBHEia íiejiOM <5hm npHTRHyrai CHapysH, Ha-
Bepxy h, kb mucsb npoqHxi, H80ÓpaseHÍa npejROBi — tfaÓRH h Ma-
Tepe ^eHHca h Kpaceoimijaro nojiHaro naneebRH, ROTopufi cb bh-
daBaion^HMi bhaobtb, Ra3aJiocB, cmotpíwb hbi CBoefi sojioieHott
panu H TOTOO FOTOBl 6lUTB CKa3aTt>:
— Tfii xorkaa HacB HapoiHO sarepaTB, tfpocaTB Ha npoHSBOJTB
cyjBÓti; a botb mu Bce-TaRH He oct&hhcb Ha CTapofi RBapnipii!
Mh ijeMi, ůnewb ivb Tetfb na HOByio!
— Kyja hxi Tam #&BaTB? — pascysxajia OHa bi to Bpena,
lan bosi, ncqesaa Bjaae, čapím otb Hea xopomeHBRoe jyRaBoe
jutchro MaTepe ^eHaca „bi iohocth*. OHa Ósuia H8o6paaeHa Ha
nopTpeTi b*b HaKOJKi, rasoBUfl oÓopRH ROTopoft ctuajiubo npEKpu-
Baaa ea rpy^B. BecBMa bo3mojrho, AyMajia OHa, hto npe shshh
í obh 6hjih o^eHB AGÓpu h npHBJORaTeJiBHEi, ho Ha nopTpeTaxx,..
M-cb ynjiBA^aSpi oraaHyjiacB. KoMHaia croajia nyeraa h tojbro
Ha ctojí ocTaBaJiocb eme Ry*a (Jyíiart ja RjrfcrRa ob KpHKyHOMX-
CMOJueTOiTB, ROTopEífi toiho BOJH KB poTB HatfpaTB cb nepenyra
on dyROTHH h cyMaTOXH, He npeKpamaBinHXca sa nocjiíHie jhh.
BaM% npHHfljacb cofiapaTB n cR^ra^uBaTB oth ÓyMara, ocTasaBrniaca
HenpHKOCHOBeHHUMH sa Bce 9to BpeMa: ^eHHCB nopy^ejx aieH*
cbsto xpaHHTB hxi h HHROMy He AOB^pflTB, Kpoirfe caiíoS cefifl. Oh*b
HeBosiiyTHMO npoAOJifflajn, Bce 9to Bpeiia pa(5oTaTb, RaRi Óy^TO ero
i othboab He RacaiocB, tco y Hero hsi-hoa^ Hora BBrraHyjra ROBep^
' 16*
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244 BftCTHHKB EBPOIIH.
h saMÍHHJiH ero pationee Rpeaao ApaHHHMi cryjOM*. #o noori&A-
Hefi MHHyra, Bor^a yse eejn>3a 6mo ocraBaTBCfl Ha irfccrt, okb
He ocraBMJii nepa h a*juutb CBoe a&k>, Basi 6u He lyBcraya, vro
crfcHH, na KOTopmi KpacoBajHCb ero BoaiBoáaeHHua KHHra, no*
creneHHO nycriuiH, Ohi Aase Aynajrb, *to BeiepoMi cHOBa fíyjerL
opoAOJsaTB cbok) paÓOTy sa t*mx se ctojiokb, b-l toS se kom-
Harfe, h tojbro TorAa bchomhhjfb, hto nepebssaerB, Rorxa seea
HanoMHiua eMy, qro ceroAHfi se Be^epoifB ohi ÓyAera chaíitb ea
HOBOCeJFfc, bi MoahoB yjiniji.
Hh Majio He BOJHyacB, He orMAHBaacB vb tiocj&aeíř paši Ha
rb caiáua ctíhh, b-l ROTopuxi ohb shjtb Taní aojwo h nepesujrb
TaKi. MHoro, ^eHHCi Bumeji bohb hst. ciapofi RBapropu, ito6h
BepHjTbCfl npflMO Ha eoByio. B-b cymHOCTH, eMy <5iuo Bce paBHo:
TaMX ero BcrpbtsTb seHa h rhhfh, — Bce, htí> eMy HysHO h ht6
eMy Aopose Bcero Ha cbítí! Mys% He npeHaAJesarB r* HHCJiy
shbothux*, BapaseHHiixi caHTHMeHTajbHOCTBH), seno(iiHa se, Ha-
OÓOpOTL, CJTOIHROMl HyBCTBHTeJI^Ha.
Ho botb bc4 6yMam aRRyparao caoseHH h TmaTejBHO yBAsami
Vb TOM* CaMOMT, HOpflAB&> Bt» RaBOBTB OH* jesaJIH; XOSfifiŘfc AOMa
OCTaOTCfl TOJBRO H03BOHHTB, 1TO<5h Bl HOCJŠAHÍft padl HpHIHJia CTa-
pymBa-npecjyra; ocraeica nonpomaTBca cb eeio n co crapHMi *o-
mom*b, a saifofB yBedTH cb cotfoft bt, Kaperfe amsiKi, cb ÓyMaraMH
h nonyraa. Ho EaM* em,e He bbohhtb, xotb ysB a^bho roxoBa*
Oea ctohtb HenoABHSHO, iviyóoKO saAyMaBniHCb. OHa shbo npe-
noHHMaeTi, Raní OHa Bonuia ciOAa eme A^Bymsoft, neBHHHoft h He-
3HaR0M0& cb SHTe&CKHMH MejioiaMH h TpeBoraMH, RaRi OHa CM&JO
ttuia Cřo^a vb HaAesA* mřto ba*cb ce(5i Apyra n TOBapema Ha
nyní yMCTBeHHuxi HHTepecoBx, a bmícto Hero Hara.ia crpacTHaro
noKJOHHBKa bi jihi# Mysa. 3a*£cb nponuia OHa Hayay jioÓbh, sas**
6yATO tojbro am Tóro, ^to6h HcnwraTB ropbRoe pascmpoBame,
TTOÓU Vb TOCH yHblHÍfl H ÓOpBČU CB COÚOIO lyBCTBOBaTB ce6a oxh-
horoB h ne^aibHO hobtopatb, cefifc b*b ycnoRoeHie:
— BcaEtaa jik)6obb — Tm,eia MipcRaa; He Tmeraa tojibro jk)5obb
ri Bory!— ^o-aro npHnuocB eft paÓOTaTb nwb co6ok>, ÓoporBca ca
cbohmh comhíhíahh; ho BHinja OHa h»b 8T0& 6opb6u HeycnoRoeH-
Haa, HenoKopHaa e... ne CJOMjeHeaa, cb TaRHMi se HeoÓysxaH-
humi, ynpaMHBTB cepAiíeMi, RaRi h npesAe—
HaROHeAi, ona nosBonua; sartM^ npocrajiacb co CBoet cra-
pymRofi, cb ROTopofi Hacro TpyAHJiacB no xosaflcrBy, RaRi Ao6pnft
TOBapami,, h b*b canyio hocjiíahiok) MHHyry He jTepn^ia, 710611
ne HOA^toaTB yRpaARoio non.tjiOBaTB totb caMoft hoaorohhhrk, Ha
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ynpaMAa. 245
BOTOpOlfB OHa CHSHB&ia JtZJIflWb CB My»eiTB, BX THXOfi, HpHBÍTJlH-
boS Ceciwk.
— Ilpomafi, npomafi! — merrrajia oaa co oiesaMH. — JI baíksb
ee ocoÓeHHo Óiuia AOÓpa bi jjpyrHMX, ho Tam a ÓyAy xyae!
Ciapymsa CMOTp&ia % Ha cbok) MOJio^yio rocnoay h yAHBMJiacB
BTHXOMOJiKy, cb ?ero 6u bto njasaTB Tasoft BpacaBHitf*. KOiopofi
tojbbo Óh Bnopy pa^OBaTbca h BeceOTTBca, ito OHa yfeaaeTx H3X
SBaprapu, HanoMHHa*om,efi copHyio syqy, b*b ROTopoft efi He mícto,
Bára seifqysHOMy sepHy...
YIII.
Poa,a,ecTBO (Jujio Ha ABopfc, ho h cyMepM TaBše. Y»e hoith
creMH&io, Kor^a m-cb YHiiB^aftpi noAi&xajia b*b Kpujimy CBoero
HOBaro aBHJiHma. Ono npaBJíeKajo Bsopi CBoeio cbítjiok) ospacKoft,
orHflMe b*b HefiojibfflHxi), ho RpacHBiixi OBHaxi h ó^ecrameti mía-
HoB AOCBOft Ha ABepaxt. ^eept OTBopaja MOJOAaa, pacToponHaa
A^Bymsa hsb TaBnxx, KOTopua hh 8a Karia leubm He noftAyra
cayaaTB bi MeHÍe bojhrocbítckhx^ BBapTajaxi.
JleAH Cbk) yae ycn&ia no6uBaTB Ha HOBOcejbli h yBpacHTB ero
ijsferaiiH, BupocmHMH bx KparcB- Kachli. I^bítu npHAajra Bceft xo*
pOmeHBBOfi MHHÍaTIOpHOfi KBapTHpKÍ npaSAHHlHElft BHA*B, XOTB OHa
h He 6tuia oticraBJíeHa bo BKycfc jioah Cbk), o neMi Ta, božího,
rjyÓOBO cosarója. Bce to, *eiiy CBBRhiejiewb a Óhji* b*b as-
B*b BHxy po^Horo ropová, r*4 a He paši Óubíltl h ao nofeABH
kb IleTepÓyprL, cbí&hmt, hojihhmi paAVSHuxx HaAesAi BOHomefi,
i BcnoiiHHJťB nponuoe. ít6 a Óbijb h htó craJTB?.. ConocraBJíeHie
Óbíjoro cb HacToamoMx, wb BejiHBofi iioeft pa/jocra, npHBejio iiena
si aobojlho yrtfflHTejiLHOMy 8aiUK>HeHÍK>. 1tI> se? Tojibbo roftaMH
CTajrB trapme, Aa ropnBOHTB mobx* HaÓJUOAeeift pacmapajica, Aa
npHÓaBMOCB SBTeficRaro onuTa. CepAije, šasi ÓyATo, ocrajiocB
npe«Hee, — htí> MeHa ocoóeHHO paAOBajo. „GiaBa Bory, — AyMa.r&
a,— He norafo, ne norpasr, bx ctojhhhomx OMyró, Mory CHOBa
mtb". H BorAa sacBepsajH npeAO mhok> bojiotho synoda ropoA-
ckbxi i^epBBeB, cepAije Moe 8a6ojioci> a^tcboS paAOCTBH).
Botb h poAHaa pfcsa, no BOjraaifB BOTopoft a He pas* fesa^
b* P.
JlHfflb TOJBBO napOXOA*B OTBa^HJt OTB P — CBOft npHcraHH, Ha
aeHa naxHyjo CBÍsecTBK) no-seft. A^poe cojiuufi k&kt> Hapoieo
BHrjraHyjio Ha BeceHHeMi He64, tojibbo-hto paspinnaBineMca Ten-
mm sHBOTBopHHMi AOSAero. BnepeAH oňpHCOBaaacB ceMHijBiT-
flUMi nojiyBpyroMi paAyra, otfpacoBaBi jyímyH) bi Mipfc Tpiyií-
$ajBHyio apsy. „9to AoÓpa* BCTp4na a , noAyiia.TB a.
BaoÓpaBfflHCB Ha pyfay napoxoAa, stahejme wasaMH BMaAU-
Bíuca a wb AaJB, nuTaacB pascMOTpirrB Ha ropasoHTi poAHoe cejo
cx ero crapeHBBoft ijepROBBio. 3e.seH%K>iiUe Óepera poahoB p*kh
pa^OBajH Moe cepAije He Meeíe npHiyAJHBHXi ÓeperoB* sopMH-
Jun^H-BojirH. ^OJieTaBmifl cl Óepera nicea kocijobt,, BHasoMufi
roBopB, TpejiH asaBopoHBOBi, synaiomexca bx npospaqHOWB bos-
lyxi, apoMara .lyroBuxt ijbítobi— Bce bto paAOBajo h corpÍBaiio
cepjije. Mh* BcnoMHMacB caHTHMesTajiBHaa niceHBa:
CHOBa MQfe CJIHfflHTCa niCHfl pOAHMafl,
CHOBa MHt BHAHTCH pOflUHa— MaTb,
Tli npeAO iihoO, mojí hťsho JioÓHMaa,
Th npeAO mhod oiuitb...
Emo saroBiHBe (Hamio IJerpoBOBi) — A^a AepeBHH npasAHaq-
Huft achb; Ha óepery nonaAa^HCB rpynnu HapaAHiixx a^bhi^b h
napHefi, sbohbo pasAaBajiHCB hxi díchh, Becejaft roBopi, cmíxx.
Ha caMom napoxoA* a saMÍTojx hÍcbojibbo BHaBOMuxi mhí
jhi^b, pasroBopn bx*b BacajiBCB BHasoMiixi mh4 biíctb, BHaBOMiixi
3»Aett. TorqacL se CBasajiacB h npaposAeHHaa cooÓniHTejiBHOCTB
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254 BfcCTHHKB EBPOIQI.
mohx*b seMJiflKOffB. Ko mh4 noActoB Rasoft-TO MyaHioR^ bi cep-
Marife; noAclurB, sarjraHyji mh£ b*b mijo h cpasy saroBopiura:
— K-b saroB^Htio-TO He nocniuiB?
— #a, <ní> no^aemt!
— IIOAHTRO, AOMa-TO aAyra?
— KaRi ae!
— He aoHara?
— Htrb.
— m,o ae, TaRofi xopomofi MoaoAe%, a He aoHara? aae Tam
A^bori He 6tuo no ch(Jí?
— KaRi He Óhtb!
— Ta* aHBeraB-TO?
— B* IlaTepí.
— Bb IlBTep*? 111,0 th Tam A^aeniB?
fl CRaswB.
— y MeHfl Tam Ópara^e aHBerB, — npoAO-sa&rB moě coťíeciw-
HHRi: — BBCOJÍA&TaXB ÓHJTB, A&He nOHtfUaJIl BepHJTBCfl R*B pOAHTeifllfB.
Ohi b-b nopTHJiBmHRaxi RaRHXi-TO cjyanrB. 3oByrB HBaHOM*, a
MeHfl MoRyjiaeMi; 8HawrB, no OTHy £$hmobh ÓyAeMB. OreiB y Hacx
Chjtb JfrftHirB MHRysaeBi, a& noMepi, qapcrao eMy HeóecHoe... — My-
aHRX CHfiJťB KapTy81» H HORpeCTHJICfl Ha BOCTORX, BSAOXHyBl O
CBOeMX »0T*4 a , h onflTB Hanan:
— Te<5* He b-b npBMfrra, He SHaemB HBaHa-TO?
£ o<foacHH.ra 9 hto IlHTeiKB TaRofi 6ojbfflo8 ropoAB, wo HeB03-
MOaHO BC&Xl SHaTB.
— TaRB, TaR*. Ta* ae! — coraacHJica MyaHKB.
YBHAtBi y MeHfl Óhhorjib, ohx He npeMHHyjrB noJK)6onuTCTBOBaTB:
— ^afi-R6 BsrjiaHyTB, — mo yBHay?
A noAajTB.
— Hh Rjflna He BHay! 9Raa ORasia...
— Jífi TH H6 TÍMB ROHIJOMl B8aJťB.
— HniB tu, RaRaa mTyRa, nn^o R0He?B He totb!.. Bhaho,
típán, pujio He to, botb mo, — AOÓpoAyniHO saRiio^MB MyaHRi cboh
cootipaaema h B03BpaTBun> mhí 6hhorjb, npecoBORyniiBi npe btomi:
— *Iero, qero wbu&n> He BHAyMaera!..
n.
^epeBHfl YjiBeBO, RyAa a nprfexaro, — HetfojBmaa; bb Heft 6hjo
Bcero abopobi ABaAijaTB mtb, a& sa nocsiiAHee BpeMa npefiaBH-
jiocb abopobi naTB-mecTB otb pasAfcaa ceMefi. y«eB0 seBonacao
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AOma. 255
pacsHHyjocB no ouoroMy Kocoropy, cnycBaiomeMyca k*b piraKŠ.
D^epKOBb HaxoAHJiacb sa AepeBHeft, ho Bce AyxoBeHCTBO Hame 060-
tmo vb caMOMT» y&bevk. CaaeHax* kb jeca-m otl ijepran ctojmo
ciapeHBRoe. sAame, npiyponeHHoe am mKO.ni. ,3,axfce, napa&sejíBHO
n,epKOBHoft orpaji, THHyjracB ABa paj^a Rpuraxi JiaBOBi, r^t bi
óasapHue ahh mem Topra; eme noAajrfce, sa ÓasapoMi, oÓpfrraeTCfl
nHTeftHoe saBe^eme, Batiaro cb HeHsifliHHoft eanoft Ha raecri, yHa-
ci*AOBaHHOfi y^peamemeMi bthmx eme on AOÓparo craparo Bpe-
MeHH, sorxa rpaifOTHOCiB Ótua píakoctlk) Ha Pycn h sor^a KpacHO-
piiHBoe Hspeieiiie: „pacnnBOHHO h Ha bíjhocb*, sairímaiomee hbihí
ejKy, npoHeerB mooh 6u neMHorie. Eisa coxpaHHnacB no TpaftHitfif,
zoifl, Haxo cosHaTBCfl, (ma h noHUHi cjiysHTB méujkomI) yrimeHia
Aia MHoraxi saójiyAfflHxca kb BOJHara SHTe&CKaro iiopa. To^aAsa
Tony HasaA* h vb caMOM* Y^beBŠ otbpimocb eme saBeAeme — peH-
CKOBufi norpefe.
3a a^catb jštb Moero OTcyTCTBia bhíiiihí& bha* AepeBHH b*b
OÓmeMX H8MÍH0JCA OTCHB MMO, TOJBKO HOCpeAHH^ AepeBHH BHpOCB
BejHKortnHBiň aom*b Iterpa CeiieHOBa, Moero nraojBHaro TOBapema.
Otobhaho, iiy&HffB pasÓorarfcji-L. Koe-r^i npHiriraajiacB hobu no-
crpo&Ba hjih crapaa, nepecrpoeHHaa saHOBO. Graptie ABOpu eme
(forte nopTapiuiH, ockau; tojbbo sHaKOMtia Óepesu hoa* oKHajáH
SairibTHO BtipOCIH, B£inpflMHIHCB 9 OKpŠHJIH H AaiOTB OTJIHHHyřO tíhb
i 8an^BTy Ha cayqafi no&apa. Paspocca TaR&e h caA* y AOMa mo-
ero orná. vSójiokh, nocaseHHtia mhok) Ha naMSTB bb roA* 0rBt3.ua,
yze a&sotb hjioabi, a MOJOAaa Óepesa sarjuiAHBajia CBoeft raÓKoft
BepmHHofi qepesi bucokíB otaobckíS aomi. Tojbko yse ne 6uno
3aÍcb erapoft 6epe8H, bhcoboS, bítbhctoS, ctMorynnirB <$íjíoch4»-
HH1TB CTBOJOMT*, CB BOTOpOĚ ÚUXE CBfl3aHH MHOrífl H8% MOHXT> A*T-
ckhxi BOcnoMHHaHifi. CTapaa Óepesa, eme npn mhí noBpe»AeH-
Haa nosapoira, noArHHJia h ynajia bo Bpena 6ype; TenepB tojbko
rpoMaAHiift H6HB TopqajrB Ha efl míctž.
DepeiiiHa owiBHie csasajiacB Ha jhoaaxi. Moh AoOpae cocíah
Bcrp^THJiH Meaa no-npiflTejiBCBH: bc* opanuiH nos^opoBaTbca. Orapue
eme cocrapiiHCB, MOJiOAesB saMÍTHO noApocsa; hsi hoap#ctbobi>
MHoríe yae MeM He 3Haje, a& h cairB a npesHaBajn hxi tojbbo
no HopojvL Kofi-Boro yase He 6uao Ha cbítí. He Óhjio Mffrpo-
ýaHa KpacH0(5aeBa, TnnH^H^Bmaro cyTflrn-MysHHOHBa, BOTopufi, 6u-
Bajo, saBajiHBajii MeHa pa0OTofi no coHHHirrejiBCTBy pasHBixi npo-
memft h s&Jio&b. MyanKi npocyAMi i^ijoe cocToame, AOdaB-
meeca eiiy no HacrfiACTBy, h cuHa ocraBHjrB bt> crapoM-B, nojypas-
BajHBmeMca aomí.
7iiepx h AOÓpiflmifl Hasapifi Kbpmhto, HanrB 8 noAOMapB*
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256 racTHHKfc EBPonu.
(noHOMapb), OTqaaHHuft hojihthkt,, BunacuBaBiniž fb Teneme Bceft
CBoefi AOJiroB jkhbhh „Chhx OTe^ecrBa tf h tojilko bo Bpeafa no-
CJri&flHefi pyccKO-TypeuKoft boAhh npoM^HflBmifi „Cima" na „Obíti",
Rasi Óojribe BOHHCTBeHHya) raseiy. Kpyímaa, cyTyjiaa (frarypa Kh-
poiina BCTaerb nepexo mho* RaRi saBaa. OaaceHHaro pocra cb^t-
JIMŽ ÓJIOH^HHl CB rpOMaíHHMl HOC01TB, 3aHHMaK)m,HMl (JOJBinyH)
qadb npoAOJiroBaTaro jreija, saRaHiHBaiomaroca piflRoft, (ftuecoBa-
Tofi CopoAROfi. Bojiocíj Khphahto hochjtb no CTapHHHOMy, Cb npa-
mkwb npoóopoMi,, sanaeTaa b-l ppi rochhrh. 06bihhu& roctooitb
ero — AJiHHHonojíHŘ noApaceaR* asi „nopTOBofi R02BH* h TaRie se
nrraHEi „bi saGopRy". ^oata Kapa-nara ocraBaaca o6iiRHOBeHHO bi
jjjihhboS Óiaoft pyóax* ob noacoMi, wh oahhxx nojOTHaHHX-B nopr-
Rax*. TaKt oht> HepfcflRO noRasuBajca h Ha jepeBH*; bi, nrraHH
KupHJiEjqi, oÓjeKčuca tojilko a^a b«b ijepROBB, aa6o cb TpeÓofi; Rý-
pají* MaxopRy a yMÍJit MacrepcRB CBopa^aBaTB ijarapRa as* raser-
Hofi 6yMara. Ohi ólutb BeyTOMHMuti paóoTára, caira naxa.ii> seHJio
HapaBHi cb MysHRaMH, idjiHJit bt» jiícl 3a ApoBaMH a hhji sa-
noeMX. Kor.ua KapajiHqi HanaBa^ca, 06% stoitb tottocb se ysHa-
Baja bch aepeBHa. HpaBa owl Ďhjtb npeBecejaro a He npoqs 6h
HHor^a sa^aTB TpenaRa, ecjiafe ne noaoateHie „no^OMapa", araaB-
Hoe AMHHonojHft noApaCHHRi, CMSHBaBffliS ero no py&aMi., no ho-
raifB. HapÍ3aBnincb „hoai ropymROft" (ynoiwHyToe saBe^eme sa
i^epROBBK)), Kbphjuyb tojibro „yxajrB*, BOSBpaniaacB aoiioft no#b
Benepi.
— Yxi> : yxi!.. #a!.. — BHRpaRBBajrB ohi bt> TaRax* cjyiaaxi,
HAa npflMHKOMT* flOMOft. HeorAa, aayra no orojhe$, KapaJUTOsa-
hochji Ha Mauep^ xepyBBMCROft, ho bto y nero cobcíitb He bej-
xoahjio. Ha KJiepoci oh*b 6uat> asi pyR* boh* mox*; Hama My-
shrh nposBajiH ero „aumobojiokomt.* (TaR*B y nacB HasuBaeTca en^e
AepeBflHHaa A^HHHaa Tpyóa wl RypHtixx H36axt; bo BpeMa B^Tpa
TpyÓa 9Ta OTnaaHHO saBUBaeTB Ha bc* Jiaxu: noarfcflHee oĎcroa-
TejiBCTBO, BÍpoaTHO, u noAajio noBOAt HamaifB ocrpaRaitB ynoxotínTB
Kepajuroa x^MOBOJiORy). HanHBajica obi, o6urhob6hho noorb RaRoft*
HBÓyAB i^epROBHOfi 0Ra3Íe: CBa^BÓH, RpecrHHx, 6jiar0AapcxBeeHaro
MOJieÓCTBia, Rorxa h Ha ero jojik) Buna^ajia najiaa TOJiHKa AeHB-
atonoKX. Ob raseTRott Kapa^jitni* Ólijtl HepaMy^eHx, po jho<5h.tb
qTo6íi RTO-HHÓyAB cjiymajrB ero ^TeHie, ocofieHHo npo Boftny. íh-
Tajra KapHJiHHi, BOnpeRH ycTaHOBHBraeMyca mbíbíío o noaoMapaxx,
9 ne TaRi, RaR*B noHOMapB, a cb qyBCTBoinb, cb tojrowb, cb pas-
CTaHOBKoft", ciiaRya Raatjoe BSBicrie, RaacAoe 6oj4e hjih Mefffee
yAa^Hoe BupaateHie. IIombk), RaRi orb, Óyayra b*b noAnaTia, ne*
HCTOBO BBIRpHRHBaJTB:
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AOMA. 257
— #a! Harae-To! Bb-RaR*! Aft? Tasi-jiH a roBopio, Huko-
jama? — oópan^ajca oh* ko Met, AecamaiTHeMy waJbHHKy. — Afi!..
Uo-pyccra! JIk>6xk>\..
Ero repoeM* h npeAMeTOM* no&iOHeHia bo BpeMa noaiiAnefi
Boftflti Óuj* cjaBHufi reeepaji, Cao6ejieB* Ha (Huiom* rob*. Ctíhh
ropflmH KopHjuqa cnjomB Óujih saBtmaHH 6aTajLHtJMH RapTH*
Hanu, rA* „OiJiutt reHepaj*", c* bucoro noAHflTutt ca6;ieft, eanapajn*
ótrymiix* TypoR*. Cait* MajiorpaMorauft, Kepejiui* AymeBHO jik>-
6u* Haysy. Ero eAHHCTBeHHuft cijh* (Suji* HeyAawHR* h He ao-
marb ao Tperairo uacca ceMEHapin, 6pocuj* yneHBe h nomej*
bb AOÓpoBOJbCTBO, ho h 8#fccb He noBes-ao ó*AHaríj; buocjiía-
CTBÍH OHI HaHUCfl B* ypaAHHRH, táli* rjyÓORO OCROpÓHJ* OTJD(a,
netaBinaro qecTOJiioÓBBue saMUcra bha&tb area no Meabineti irispi
b* carí* CBameHHBKa, qero ohi caM* ho mofb HHRaR* AOCTHrflyTB.
RHposuq* oecTORO ÓHBa.9* cBoero cuHa h njaRaj* hotom*, bh^a,
to> h notion He HAyr* ero ^axy b* npoR*. B* cje8ax*OH* tocto
opHioAHJi r* Hairb (toao saMfeTHTB, hto a ÓLiďL ero 6ojbmHM*
JiDóaimeirB) h y<ft»Aaj* Moero oma OT^a-rt moha HenpeMŠHHO „b*
ywHBe* .
— S. 8Ha», ohi nofiAen; eiiy noMOseT* Mart FIpecBaTaa
fioropoAmja. Y?HCb, HHBOjama. lejiOBiiROM* ÓyAemB. YneHbe —
cb*t*, Hey^eHbe — TBna. Jlj&L. Bot* moí xypan... a*!.- AypaR*!..
Hy, Tochoab C* hhm*!
PasroBopu o<5* ^emí", Bnpo?em>, Bcerja hmíuh oahh* hc-
xoa*. Repiuiira* otipanpjcfl R* MOeMy omy: — KyM*! hohuh Hh-
Kojamy sa copoKomsoft (ohi 6ujl% mohm* RpecrauM* ohjom*).
Yiiep* TaKse IIaB(J)HJia, nposBaHHHft b* jepeBai TeMHorpyAHM*
pasfoftHHROWB, noĎOAMH BoreaBmift b* Moraay seHy cbok> Aeey;
yMep* IlaH^HJia RaR*-ro HeoatHAaHHO, cpasy h 6es6oJifaHeHHO, bos-
BpaqaflCB hs* KaCasa cb mecTiuifeTHHM* cuhom* Ha pynaxi. Ynaii
bb hojí* — h nap* bowb. MajeebKiĚ IleTpyxa oahhi nparaejx ao-
Mofl, <&» Ha Kpuje^Ki h roxto hoashau* CBoero poAHTaia, bi
HaAesA^i wo toto npojeasHTCfl h npHAen aomoB, htí> cb hhmb
eiynajiocB HepfcARO. YMepi h oreup BeHBaMHH* EieoHCRifi, Haní*
6qbhií& CBaineHHBB*. ^om* ero 8aBOJOHeHx Harjiyxo. Tasejoft
rpyciBio naxHyjo Ha MeHfl otl ororo onycrtBmaro Aona. Eo^e He-
Wbho ba*cb KHnrfeja shshb. He HaxoAfl yAOBjeTBopema b* CBoeB
nacTupesoft A*arejiBHOCTH, oTei^B BemaMHH* něj* ropBKyio h yrac*
bo ufirbťb &bvb otl csopoTe^HoB naxoTRH, sapasAB* ryÓHTaibHtiM^
HeAyroif* h cbok> MOJiOAyio aeny, KpacaBHi^y HaiaiBK) BopHCOBHy,
KOTopaa TOJbRo roAOn* nepesLHjia CBoero Hec^acrHaro Myaut. Oomhio,
wn oh* HHorAa, npaAfl b* cefo, njasai* rpoMRO, RJUHa cbok)
Tom IY.-lDi*, 1896. 17
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258 BftCTHHKB EBPOmi.
yiacro roptKjK). IIoAAaBinHCB CBoefi cjsÓocth, oreqB BemaMHH*
KaTHJica no HaKJOHHOfl mockocth, tohho noBHHyflCB aaKOHy Tarort-
ma, He CAferaBi hh oahoS TBepAofi hohhtbh ki oÓysAamH) crpacTH.
— Bce paBHO, shtb mhí HeMHoro omeTca, — rofiope.ii> ohx,
ynjpajj ciesa MEMOJieTHaro pacBaania. — íyio, Aoropaero Ayma
Moa... CyAB, Tochoab MBjrocepAuft, Mera, npocxHTe, jnoAB-tipaTH, —
npaÓaBJíajrB ohi, HajHBaa ce64 rpoifaAHyH) piOMKy ryÓBTe^BHoft Bjara.
He sacrajTL b* sbbuxi a eme AByx* JuotiontiTHBixfc 9B8eMiLM-
poBi, CeHK) ParaHKa h Kysio ^erra. 06a ohh Óíjjh HecqacrHUMH
nacuHKaMH AepeBHH. PaABi noAOÓHiixx HecqacrjiHBijeB* cb KasAiiMi
AHem pi^toi-B. 9ro 6hjih noca$AHÍe na* MorHKaHx, cxyasaBH hh*
KOjaeBCKHXT. BpeMeffL, sepTBa TorAamHaro Taasejaro pesHMa coj-
AaTCRaro. CeMeHt PaiHBKB n KysBMa fteroTB sa bxi cay»6y uap-
CKyio, noauuyfi, momb 6u pascwmiBaTB h Ha HÍBOTopyio npBSHa-
TeJIBHOCTB nOTOMCTBa, HO 8T0W) H6 CiyiBJIOCB; HanpoTHFB, AepeBHfl
yCBOHja 3a hhmb Kasoe-TO nojymyTOBCKoe TparB-BOMBiecRoe hojio-
»eme. OrapHBOBi BasuBajra nojyBMeHeirB: CeHa b Kysa; ara la-
CKaTeJBHBia mhhkh AaHu dapHKaMt b* BHAy hx*b nojiHOft Óesopn-
SOpHOCTH H 6e30TBÍTHOCTH KB AepeBH*, HOAO0HO A^TaiTB-CHpOTaiťB.
IIpo8BHiii,a: PaTHHKx h ^eroTB Taxxe npaAyMaHH wb HacirfuiiKy CTa-
pHKairB, n HeJiBsa hx«b 6uj\o oÓha^tb 6ojBine, Basi HasBaKB Tasí.
Cjiobo „paTHBKB* y Haci noiBTajocB sa ÓpaHBoe (bšpohtho noTOMy, hto
paTHaqecTBO — npasiiBi paranBOBi bi> KpuMCKyio KaMnamio— CA&*ajio
sh8hb CeMeHa caMOio HenpHrjaAHOH); OTCiOAa h HejioÓOBB noBoft-
Haro kb CBoeMy np03BHmy). Kysa ^eroTB nojyqajt „$aMBJB a otl
cxoACTBa ero JHija cx rojeHameMi,, CMa8aHHuirB xyABiro AerreirB
— TeMflopusaro iiBfrra. Ho mhíhíbo nanraxi oerpanoBi (Jmsioeoiria
nojiy^jra Tanyio OTAÍJBy, ÓJiaroAapa ero npEerpacTiio kb TpyÓB*.
H AÍflcTBHTejibHO ^eroTB nocToaHHO TaHyjii TpyÓsy oroaaHHaro th>-
TKraa, OTnero 6yAT0 6h h saKonrkn,. JlHmHTBca Tpy<fae am Aerra
Óiuro 6íj ňojBniHMi oropqemeMT>. KaKB-TO oahhx myTHHiPB hoxh-
thjx y Hero bck> Ta6aHHyH> w c6pyio a , T.-e. BHcero cb TíOTioeoMx,
orHHBO h Tpy6sy. C^ynaflocB 9T0, Bor^a KysBMa, yroMBBmHCB Ha
naraH*, aacHyjx Ha Mes£ docjí saBTpaica. OrapHKi noBeprca bt>
HeonncaHHoe OT^aame, Opočnu paóoiy h co cjiesaira Ha rjasan
yMOaajTB Bcfexx nonpHM^THTB ero TafiaqHuft „crpyMeHTi". TpyÓKa
cb BBceTOifB Óhjío eABHCTBeHHoe daatonpiotfpiTeHHoe Aocroanie era-
peica. Bca SH3HB dTHxi HecucTJtBBi^eFB oioKHjiacb caiiiraB nps-
CBop6HmrB otfpasoirB. Jlyqniie roAu o6a ohh 6use OTopBaHu on
AepeBHB KptIMCBOK) BOftHOBO. B*B A*** HaTOH Ba«KB, OAHaBO, H6
6íjjh, h noTOMy cays6a hmx He (taia coBpaqeHa, Basi npomrB.
Korxa ohh BepHyjHCb aomoS, to Tam o hhxx h homhhtb nepe-
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AOma. 259
crau: pojerejiH a&bho yiiepjH, a Apyrie poactb6hhhrh ycTpoHjecs
cbohmh AOMaMH; BepHyBmieca paTHHRH, pasÓHTue noxoxaiiB, HHSoiiy
He 6ujh HysHBi. Cjobo: coa/jart bt» to Bpeifa enje 6hjio crparaH-
jHn^eirB am bcíxx, h sa coa/jara ho xorfcia bhAth jase caiiaa
nociiAHAfl Ha AepeBHi Óa6eHRa. #a h ora AepeBeHCROft pa&mi
Hame paTHHRH otburjh. Hxi nsjoiiaHHHfl Ha oiysfó bocth onca-
s&iBaiBCb ciysHTL; ocraBajocb oaho: ho&th bi ÓaTpaKH usi-sa xjrftóa
i yi\ia. CeHa paraHRi HaHajca bi paÓOTHHRH Kt nony, Kysa .He-
rm npHCTpoHicfl y CBoero njeiiaHHHRa. PatioTaiH ohh hsi pyKi
bob* njoxo h TOJbKo CMtfflHJH AepeBeHCRnxi JOBRaiefi. CeMeHi.
ParaeKt aoxoahjii ao CeBacronojia h bhaJu* HSAaJiH HenpiaT&ia,
rtu* qacro XBacrajca, busubéuj oahí myTRH u HacMÍmKH.
— Ky^a Te6t, a^A* CeHa, — OTB&qajH eMy, — „hsi-hoai nymeRt
roHwi jaryiaeR^".
ÍIocrhAHaa myTRa ocotieHHO ne HpaBHjact crapaRy, owl saRy-
chbíux óopoAy h fóraxB sa petfaTHmRaMH, JtotfHBinHMH noApas-
hhtl ero.
— Xaire, xamb! — CTpama.it xpatipui paTHHKt yAHpaiomaxx
muyHOBi.
MySHRH ROCBJHCb Ha paTHHROBl H OTiaaHHO BUmy^MBÉUH HXfc
tiatiaira. Haxo sairimm, qTO CeHa h Kysa, ncrna ohh Óíjjh bx
ewaxx, 6luh cTpamHUMH ÓaÓHHRaiiH, a Ram HeseHame thxohbro
bojoieihcb sa BCiiRHMi capa^aHOira. ^ase crapyxH He Óhjih sa-
crpaxoBaHU on hxt> JiacRi, a saxosHirB HHn^eHRairB He (Sbmo npo-
xoja. OcoCeHHO JOB&iacHHiajrL Kysa ^eroTB, noÓUBaBrnift hoa*
BapmaBoft. IIoxi xiriuu»Rom> ohi RypasHJca h Han^BaJi:
Kán* noijmn x*bkh— AOÓpu;
noivkiyarb, oóoiMyro,
IloiiiJiyKyrb, oóoSiiyTb,
Aa HaMi KapTo^eiio ja^yr*!
GiaCoBarB 6uat> h Aflflfl CeHa, noRa He saHajrB BaRaHCÍK) y
CBoei OBAOBŠBmeft choxh. Dohateo, crapue JiOB&iacH cjyaajH 06-
m,BM*L nocMŠniHn^eifB Ha AepeBHÍ. Hhrto h He xyMaJi BHHRHyiB
bi kl% (JesíHCxoxHoe nojroseHÍe, sa^pomeHHEixi, oĎesxojieHHuxx
Hft BCM) 2RH8HB feoClUieĚ. HOďlAHie AHH CBOH CTapHRH AOSHBaJIH BT>
nacryxaxi, nimuicb nooqepeAHO y corí&Aefi.
Yuepb h Ebthxí& HaaTuqt, npnqeTHHRi Hamero npexo^a, th-
uiHyfi fjunovb craparo BpeMeHH, HenpHMHpHMiift cynocrarb hoho-
vapfl Khphjibiu. IIoTreHHue cociyacHBi^Ei bcio shshl cboio Bpas-
AOfiajH Hsi-sa aojmi AOXOAa. IIoHOMapB — C0Bctin> jemmfi ^hhx bi
HepioBHOMX oóhxoa* h Aepsajca npa Hameft i^epRBH tojibro no
17*
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260 B4CTHHRB BBPOHH.
TpaA0n,ÍH. Bcfl ero fliaTeabHOCTb no Rjapy orpaHB*iBBaJiacB bos»b-
rámem RaAMa, a& npHCMOTpom sa pn3Himefl. Kbpbjhtb noAni-
BMn> HnaTuqy Ba Bjmpoci He no ofiasaHHocTH, a npoero TaRx,
uši, jioďbh ki HCKyccTBy h AJia cnaceHia Ayma CBoeft. Khphjiutl
oqeHb KHqa.icfl bhcoroB po^neft b*b Mockbí h kb yci He Ayjii sa
rff&B* HnaTtm. Otcivb BeHiaMHHi HasBiB&ra BpaffiAyromBx* npia-
Tejieft nicHon*Bn l aMH h othocmca r*b hbitb CHBexoABTeJBHO, bhojihI;
DOHRMaa HeoTBpaTHMyio npH^HHy bx% Bpa»AH, b Bcer^a eaMOJimao
A^bjii MesAy hhmb oCmifi sapaÓOTOEi. Hanin MysBRB samsHO
noTÍmajiHCB barl nfccHOniBijaMH, easHBaa hxt. „RoconaeTRaMH"
(06a 6ujiu npn Roca^Raxi, OTKyxa h noayHBM Tanoe npoBBen^e:
KOconjieTKaMH y Hacx aasuBaiOTi mepcTaeLie njieTeatKB, Bnjerae-
Mue 6a6aMH bi» cbob hoch). Bi RjHpHom a*** npiaTeJiH, sa^a-
CTyio asejiaa nOABeciH Apyra Apyra, aoxoabjib ao MaJBHBmecTBa: to
Kbpbjihto cofiben saiuia^Ky bi lacoBHHRli, jth6o bi anoCToat,
Kor^a HnaTHqy HBTaTB HaAJieanra; to EbtbxíA sajitera yrjiu
nepeAt tím* icaKT> Kapnafirey RaABJO BOBSBraTB noTpefao, jb6o
saTAHerL HnaTtm KaRyio-HHÓyAB cTHxnpy Ha naiiaTB, bi> Ha^esA^
na sanjiaARy bi cayqa4, ecM coÓBeTca, aHi, rjajt, hoa* saRJiaARoft
coBCÍm Apy^oe, a KapajiiTO Raní pas* bi> totb MOMeHTi aaMOJi-
Hwťb h sjropaACTByeTx, noRa HnaTim pasÓapaeTca vb CTBxapfc.
IIíjh npiaiejH bsi pyRt boht. uioxo: RaRi saTaHyra ÓtiBajo
xepyBHMCRyK), TaRi yat Ha ito (JaÓH qyBCTBBTejiBHufi h fioro-
ÓOflBHeHHufi HapoAt, a h t4 HHorfla Bosponmyra Ha ROconjeTORi.
ByAy^H foiBrnam oxothhromi ao xepeBeHCRBxi HOBOCTefi, Hna-
thto, Tyma CffbiH hjih nonpaBjaa jiaMnaARB y otipasoBi, yxHTpajca
eme h sa stbmi a^omx HaBOABTB pasHua cnpaBRB y MOJramaxcs.
n $HJBKa! — 6HBa.no cnpamnBajn> om MOJOAoro napna, mtiimyB-L
Tóro sa pyRy: „Ha 6eč&A* 6eui>?\,. H TaRi npoBCxoAB^i ti&\u&
pasroBopi Hnaraqa ci ^bjieroí, hhcrojbro He eapymaBmifi hb
xoAa cjyatÓM, hb BHimHaro 6jaroiBHÍa. Bcb sh&iih npHqyAU Hna-
Tiina b He BBHCRBBajiB. $BjiBRa He3aMÍTB0 noAMBrBBajx Hnaniqy
wh BB&ivb corjiacifl...
ni.
H&Roropue bbi mobxi cocÍAefi oópan^ajiHCB ro mhí Ha „bii*. 9to
(Íbuo RpynHofi hoboctbk) A^fl y^BeBa. Hama uysBRB paHte o6pa-
n^a^BCB npoero, KBa&e Cb TasBiii HaqajbCTBOWB, Kasx BcnpaBHBKi.
J^e.iHKaTHoe oópan^eme ycBOHja ce64 mojioacsb oóoero nojia, no-
ÓwBaBnifiuj bi Ha^ajiBHofi mROj*, a& ÓHBniie cojAaTBRB.
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AOMA 261
OrjoxHyBí, A^HbKa rbb, cx> Aopora, h, HaROHei^B, cotfpajca Ha*
FkTBTb mohxx ciapuxi ApyseB h npiaTejeů, a Tasse nosHaso-
OTTBC* <ZB HOBUMH JIHI^aMB. ^epBBHfl 8a BpeMfl MOerO OTCyTCTBÍfl
oóoraTuacB H$CROJiBRHitH hobhmh JHijaMíf, Cb KOTOpuMB eň npa-
XOjmTCfl He TOJBRO C^HTaTiCS, HO H paSCTOTHBaTBCfl...
MeHfl ocotieHHO HHTepecoBajrB Hann, hobuB CBametiHHRB; o
něm mh4 MHorie yxe ycniuH nopascRasaTB Ha AepeBHi. Bci Kára
ojbhb ynipajH, hto hobhB 6aTK>msa cobcémb h HenoxoarB Ha
Dona, hto ohi He nonoBCsaro h poAa, a hs* (faaropoAHuxB.
Otcivl AeaTOJiifi MopomRHHi, Kaní sbuh Hamero HOBaro cba-
meHHHtta, npOHCXOABJTB #b&CTBHT&IBHO 081 ABOpflffB. IIOQX H3B ABO-
pflHi — sejeme y Hac* AajeRO He aaypaAHoe, xoth bi noorbAHee
Bpeiui ABOpflHcsiB dJieuearb cpeja AyxoBencTBa sairfrrHO yB&iHiHJiCfl;
opsqHHy 9Toro yaasHBaiOTB paaHO. Ha Bojrfc mhí npeAcraBHJca cay-
*aft h caiioiiy 6ecbAOBaTB Ha 9Ty TeMy.
Qo Aoporb Kb omy MopoinBBHy a HeBOJBHO bchomhui ofo
9toS 6ecÍA*. Ha oahomb napoxoxfe co mhoB ixaaa rpynna iíojio-
jiot juopfiŘ. Mu nosHaKOMHJHCb. Bce bto ORasajracB cryxeHTti cto-
jiihoB xyxoBHoft aKa^eMÍH, TOJLKO-qTO OKOHqHBmie Rýpe* h ho
Bairfc noixajH npoRaTHTBCfl, htoÓh nonpaBHTB cboh cmh, Hajo-
pearaua hocjíahhmh dRsaMeHaMH. MoaoAesB cnfaniwia HacaaAHTBCfl
cboóoaoů, HaAumaTBCfl qyAHiurB bojurcrbitb bosayxobtb, HaTÍmHTbca
npHBOJBem ptra, a kb AJHHHue Beqepa He upoqb titua h noóoj-
nrb cooóma. KcraTH caasaTB, Ha Boaró 3airfeqaTe.ibH0 oxotho h jerao
u>AH 8HaR0MflTCfl. EftBa yarfeiora ocMOTpiTBca, KaKi> Bdfe y»e 3Ha-
komu h to?ho bíri shih Birfccrfc. Kpoarfc npeRpacHaro Hacpoeflia,
Hasisaeiiaro pasAOJbeMi, ijapniju poahhxi pík*l, kb oÓmaTe^BHOcru,
n pasroBopy, pacnanaraero saícb h to, hto hítb npaqaHbi ona*
čarou KaKHXx-HHÓyAB nooaiACTBifl: ceroAHa qeJOBÍKi. cb BaifH, a
»BTpa — npomafl! ĚopoAcaoB hcjiobírx, npeBURinitt nowraTB Ras-
joe HOBoe mnp ^JTb jih He sa Bpara hjh no iieoBmefi Mípi Mac-
Tepa CUCRHEDCB A*JI^, 8A*CB CBOÓOAeHB OTb BCflRHXl nOA08pÍHÍfi.
Ohi TypHCTB h tfojibme HHqero. JKa h pasHoe HaqcuiBCTBO, ro-
Toparo vl Apyroiii) míctí oerepercfl 6u, Ha Boarib 6uBaerB npome
a noRasuBaerB Aymy hsi-hoai pascTerHyTuxi* nyroBHu.t. 3a4cb
BCgRift qyBCTByerb ceía npocro qejOB^KOMB Óesx bcarhxi o6fl3aH-
aocreft, HajaraeMbixx ero nojoaeHiean* hjh ^opifofi. Kto i^erb
»no eBOHiťB A^JiairB^, kto nojBayeTca „oTnycKOMi", OTAHxaerB Ay-
mol h T&noiťB. Ha Bojirib, btoB npo&iaBieHHOfi noRpoBHTeJiBHHirl
paaHofi „bojibhhi^u* 1 , BooÓme RaRi-To zsuKb pasBflSHBaeTca, ^yBCTByemb
ce6a npome ? ciri&jrfee. Homhh), MeatAy naccasupaira npoHsoraejrB se-
crowft cnoprB no noBOAy pejHriosHuxi B038ptHÍB rpa^a JI. H.
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262 BfcCTOHKfc EBPOIItl.
ToJicroro. K)Hue asa^eMERH oóeapyiKHJH spaňHe BpaaAeÓHoe Ha-
cípoeHie ki» yneHiio rpa$a h ptsKyio HeTepnHMOCTB Booóme npo-
tbbi. qysoro mhíhía. KaatAuft H3% hhxx toibo Úum sapji&ewB
npoTHFB TojCToro h naaMi hsb Befexx poaobb opy^ift: ÓorocjiOBie,
cxojiacTHBa cpeAHHxi bíbobi, $0joco$ifl, ecTecTBeHHBia eayKH —
BCe 6mo nymeHO b*b xoai», hto6u AOBasaTB, šasi ^Bas^u ABa ne-
Ttipe, oto rpa^KB Tojicroft — cyecaoBi m eperoBB, a mki yieHuft
h i^bjioco^i — HeBia^a. Asapra MOJiojiesH bi OTeoraema JltBa Hh-
KOJiaeBHqa BecBiia noeaTeHi. HaqaHaa cb CorocjiOBCRHXi RjaceoBi*
ceMHHapia, OHa ycajieHHO noAroTOBiiaeTca kb Ďopbói cb JuseyiHTe-
jibmh, h bi aBa^eMÍH Ejna^erca tojlko nocfli^eifi jiocitb: ycrpaH-
BaiOTca cocTfldamfl Ha BpacHoptaie, Ha jobroctb napapoBaTb npo-
THBHUKa. OnpoBeprHyTB Orrocra Kofirra, PeeaHa, a b*b noc/ifcAHee
BpeHfl rpa<J>a JI. H. ToJdoro h ap. pejHriosHHx* HOBaropoBi no-
HmaeTca ajul Raa^aro MOJOAoro yqenaro 6orocaoBa nepBifimeft o(Sa-
aaHHOCTBH), htí> h noHATHO. MoaoAesB, noiyflBi „qyatHXi" no y<í4a-
AeHiflBTB, KHDflTHJiacb h, mei HOBoňpaHijLi, eseMHHyTHO roTOBa 6wja
„pasÓHBaTB* Koro yroAHO. Bhabmo, Ka&Aufi hbi hhx* (Simi i\iy-
6oko y6&KAeHi> bi npaBort h HenorpimHMOCTH cbohxt> B033pÍHÍfc.
Píhb, Mea^y npoTOMi, sainjia h o cocraBi ynamaxca kb HUBrfcm-
hhxi. ceMHHapiaxi jyxoBHuxi aBaAeiriflxx. Mojio^ue aBa^eMBEH
noATBepAMH ^aKTL ycHjema b*b othxi yqeÓHuxi saBe^emaxi sjíe-
MeHTa He ayxoBHaro 3Bama h icaKi Ha AORaaaTejbcrBO ysasaiH, hto
h íieasAy bhmh ecTB oahhi ÓHBHiift KpecTBHHHHx, a Apyrofi — abo-
paHHei. Oahhi H3i naccasupoBi nocraBHjrB BonpocB: noqeify
HbiHiraHie ABopaHe h RpecTbane havti b«b AyxoBotie? EbiBraift npe-
ctbbhhhi roBopui:
— S. 6bun> KpyrjujrB capoTofi cb afocTBa. Hh KOJia, hh ABopa,
hh MHJiaro aHBOTa, BaKi rOBopaTca, He ocTasocb mh$ nocjii poah-
TeJieň. HaKOMy 2 óhjx HeHyseHi. MeHa naTHJiiTHHMx iiubih-
bomi npiiOTHjix y ce6a CBameHHHK-L namero cejia, qeJOBiKt 6ea-
AiTeuň h Ao6poAÍTejibHBi&. Bi ceJBCRoft fflBOJii a yHHJica nepBum»,
HHTajn> h n^i* Ha EJiapoci, hochjii croxapBKB, noAaBaxb Ba^H^o
h Booón^e HpacjiysBBaJii óanomKi bo BpeMfl coBepmeHia caysÓEi.
, É3AH.i'b cb hhmi 3a Kyiepa ho Tpe6aM%, a Kor^a no^pocx, to u
HOMorajfB no Aiuiy. BanoniBa noAyMajx, hto hbi» mcha tojb*b bu6-
^era, Aa h OTAajii BTb AyxoBHoe y^MH^e... A orryAa a nocry-
uhjix b*b ceMHHapiio, hotoitb b% aKaAeMÍK), yae no coBtiy ceMH-
Hapcsaro HaqaJBCTBa m cb ÓJiarocaOBenia npeocBameeearo. Boto
h BCfl HCTOpia. H, KoeeHso, moB ÓJiaroAtTejb CA^aJi caiioe jyq-
mee, ^Tb Mon. Ky^a ati a mopb noftra, capoTa?
Okohibbi CBoft pa3CKa3x, MOiOAOft aKaAeMBBi saAyMWBO ycrpe-
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ffiUÁ. 263
mhjb cboh Bsopu B^an Ha 6epen> BojirH, oTRyga ?yn» cjumao
AOHOCBjacB Hbfl-TO 3ayHiiBHfiuj nicM, B^ajiH BupacoBtiBaJiocb BaRoe-
to ceieHbe cb ókrfeioajeft i^epsoBBK). 3axo*amee cojaije CROJBSHyjio
bt> nooritami pas-B, CBeprayBí ap&oft sb^oB Ha blicobomt* Rpecrífe
E0J0ROJIBHH. *JtÍ> flyMaJTb Bl 9T0TB MOMeHTB ÍOHUft aRafteMHRfc-Rpe-
CTBflHHHi? Mošen (Shtb, kb 9Ty MaayTy lyAKsocB eiiy ero po&Hoe
ceio cb Ao6ptiMi» oth,omt> HaROJiaeirB, BOcn0TaBmnin> ero. CTapnsi
ZAerB He AOSAeTca CBoero oiaBaaro iiHTOMija.
— ít6 bíj HaiiipeHu Tenepb #fejiaTB?
— Ho&jiy bt» cejbCBie CBaajeHBHKH, OTBpoio ni boj y... Pa&mi
HHoro. „3 Haň paÓoraB, xa He TpycB a , noMHHTe? — aauoMHiux mh&
co6ecfeAHHKi> HeRpacoBCRaro mROJBHHRa.
— A He CTpamHTB Bact nepcneRTraa cotiapam* cb npaxo-
saH*B h np.?
— 3eaeTe mt6: sto saaerb HanrB Hapo#B, tou ho dy^era sa-
xaBaTBCfl TaKHMH BonpocaMH. Hain-b My&HKB ne CRynt h npHSHaTe-
jotb; KpoMfe Tóro, eMy CBoftcrBeHHo enje oaho npeRpacHoe Ra-
iecTBo: co3HaHÍe, w> Bcasift Tpyji xosseHB óhtb onjiaquBaeirB.
He ToponHCb nojiyqaTb cb Hero, He TpeÓyft a nojywniB 6ojbme;
čau* npHHecen> cb tfjiarojapHOCTBK), enje bx hoch noBajrarcfl... BfcjjB
a cara CuBmift MyaHRT* h, AyMaio, SHaio h$crojibro HaTypy My-
ui^RyH) h noTOMy cuklo Hfly bt» jepeBHK), 3a mho& yse h mícto
oóesneieao. IIpeocBameHHufl o&kvawb mhíi mícto iioero faaroA*-
rew, OTi^a HHBOJiafl, no Óojíshh noxasmaro b% o*rcraBRy.
^BopflHHHi nomejn» bi xyxoBHtie cobcímt. no ApyrmrB npiraH-
Haní. CbíHt óuBinaro RpfenocTHiraa ycBoejrb Ha Hapo#B ocoňuft
bswuwb. no ero y<ft&AemK>, MyseRi HanrB — pasHysxaHHtitt 3BÍpb,
rpyfo h HeffbxecTBeHB, Majio Tóro — boji* h McniTejeHi, TpaBHTB
nyxifl nojfl, xfciaerB nopyÓRH bt» qysHXi afccaxB, nbflHCTByerb,
Bopyerb, otiMaHHBaerB. Besi aaepraqecKexi. irfcpi cb hhítb He
ofoftjeniBCfl. Rb AyxoBHue 9totb loaoma nomejrB no HacToaaiío
CBoero OTEja, nojiaraBinaro, hto bb Hame Bpeiifl tojbro cb n,ep-
JcoBHoft Baeexpti h bosmo&ho bjiíatb Ha OTÓHBmaroca otb pyRB My-
SHSa, HTO TOJBRO OTCIO^a eD^e eCTB BOSMOSHOCTB pyROBOAHTB TOJ-
not h BecrH ee Ryw cjit^yen.. lOsoma HanaxaJi Ha MysHRa Cb
laRoio ate yBipeaaocrbio h asapTOMB ; Rasi Ha rpa^a Toicroro* Ho
Tyra Moft opaTopi BcrptTH^ aobojhbho KOBapaaro onnoaeaTa.
— 3eaeie wb, mojoaoA ^ejiOB^RB, — BirfunajiocB bb pasroBopi
flOBoe juajp: — mh4 RaseTca, qro BanrB noiTeHHuB naneHBRa He 6gzt>
xflTpocrH noBejrB Taayio jhhíbo. Bu noHHMaere, Ryxa ob-b raeix?
BanrB naneHBRa xonera hh 6ojboie, hh iieHBme, aaai Bepayrb aa-
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264 BftOTHH&B SBPOIOI.
saA* AOÓpoe erapoe speiia, craTB CHoea RpfenocTHHROirB. Bóra sto
HTÍ), MOft MHJTE1& fOHOQia!
HoBtifl coóecb.n.HHK-B saMOJiK-L h OTOineJii bi CTopoay. BoijapH-
jiocb HeJOBKoe MOjqame. Ita oómeiiy y^HBjemto sajlmíft íOHonra
ne 603pasajrB; to?ho owb ne noHaji CBOero onnoHeHTa hjm corjia-
majca cb ero xoaom* itucjieft o RpinocTHHiecRHxi BoxflejrfeHiaxT*
CBOero nanamH. íto(5u npepBaTB HeiOBByio naysy, a otiparaicfl kt»
seify.
— íto »e, bej TaRse no&xeTe kb AepeBHio?
— Hštl, exBa-AH. fl eme He ptmaj-L, ^t6 a&wtb. 9ra nep-
cneRTHBa Mem hhcrojbro ne npejibm&ero. He ctohjo am toto
KopniTb bi aRafleMÍH.
— Kyxa-»e bej AyMaeTe?
— B* ropoA*. Harao, T.-e. ABop&He, 6oju»me Ejsyrh vb *ep-
Htie. TaifB Aopora miipe. Hann> npeocBameHHuft hsb ABopam*. y
MeHfl bt> HeTepĎyprt ecrB npoieimia. *Ití> a 6yxy a^mt* Bt as-
peBHi? CcopHTbca cb MysHRaMH? Boto MOft npiaiejB BOctopraeTCfl
jianTem HapoAHUMi, a am MeHfl ototo jmlhotb He npeACTaBjaero
Haqero npHBjíeaaTeJibHaro.
— Apyre Mofl, — sairímwB Ha bth ciOBa aRaAeiiHRx-RpecTBH-
HHffB, — MH Ha 8T0TO CSeTO CB TOÓOft HEROr^a He COftX^KCfl.
Mojoxue jk>ah saiioj^ajiH.
Bce bto BcnoMHBJíocB Mff6 TenepB. SI AyMara, ht6 sa qeJOB-fcKt
ÁHarojtifi MopomKHHí,, tt6 ero sacraBAio o&raiHTBca bi pacy? He
npecjr&AyerB jih h oht> KaKoft-jBÓo ii.íjh coRpuTofi? A nošen
6utb Ohi yCtaAéHHíifl hoabh&hhri? B4ab, ÓHBawrB h Ta&ie. JI
cam sHajďB Tasoro CBan^eHHHRa hsi BoeHHux*. Toto CHa^a.ia Bce
B03Mym,ajica oópasoira shshh earaero AyxoBeHCTBa h rohtojtb t£icb,
ito cawb nomejrB bi nonu, sejiu hbhtb oópasei^B naerupa. H
OHI, A*ftCTBHTeJILHO, CTail H1TB, HO OH*B H feffB TOrO ÓHXB ieiO-
BfaťB 3airtHaTeJ!BHElft, piAKHXl AymeBHUX* RETOCTOB. OAHaRO OHI
roh^hítb newjiBHO, — sanoA08irbHHu& b-b pacapocrpaHemH hjh no-
nyCTHTejBCTBfc cpeAH cbohxi npnxosaoi RaRofi-TO paijioHajiecTH-
qecRott epecH.
Ilpa bxoaí r*b OTn,y ÁHaTOJiiK) MeHa BCiptraja MOJio^aa a*-
BymKa Jlnsa, ao^b OeAopa KapnoBa hsi Hamefi AepeBea. JI sHaji
ee eme hohth peóeeKOMi,. ^tBBa iiaROBi n,BtTx, rpobb cb mojio-
KOMtj cjiíah ochbi cobcími> saTymeBajHCB Ha ea hojihom^b auu$.
Jlesa xoa y nona bt» paÓOTHHi^axi h npHCJiysHBaaa sa ctojomt>.
Pa6oToň a*bm, noBHAHMOMy, He 6uja saHyaeHa. HecMOTpa Ha 6yABÍ&
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AOMA. 265
jefl&, JlasEBeTa 6iua oxirca no npasxHOTHOMy. Ha Heft (Shjtb cmufi*
Bot capa^aHi; Kpaceaa RyMa?eBaa pyóamsa nropoKO oÓHasa^a ea
saropkfua rpyA* n merc. Bojocu ea 6iuh samereHu b*b socy <n>
xopomeHBSoft jeHToqsoft. Jfasa xepauuia cetfa cobcímt,, ubi aoiml
— ,HoMa 6aTH)mBa?— cnpocHJi^ a.
— H,OMa, nosajy&Te b* sajiy. Ohh ceft?acB BsoiUyn..
Uo nosa ÓaTomsa He „vzomeA-h", a nocnimarB ocifOTpim»ca
ipyroifi. Bet OMa h ABepu (Shjh otrphtu HacrexB. 3ajn 9 Ryja
a Bomera, cjyxHjrB cmíOBOtt h npieMHOft ÓaiKraiRir. 3ajx Óbu* ycraB-
jeHi Taatejoft, crapHHHofi MeÓeJiLio. Ha ORHaxi ctoajih ropímse ct»
i^BteaMH. Ha craife, noRpuTom R^eemoft, RpacoBajacB Tapeisa cb
HROtt-TO líyTHOft XHAROCTBK), OTOBHAHO CMepTeJBHOÍI MHRCTypofi AA3
MJTB. Bx OAHOMX npOCTÍHB^ CTOJHIO, H&CROJBRO nOKOCHBDIHCB, CTa-
pHHaoe TpiOMO cb noTycBHŠBOiHMi otb BpeMeHH CTeBJOMx, o6a4-
jaeHwirL BpacHUMi AepeBOMx cb ptf&BÓott. OrÉHii Ólijh yfitmaHu
nopiperaMH npeAR0B*B xosaBHa, aaAO noiaraiB, Taitx RaRi bto Bce
6uii JHi^a craTCBia hjh BoeHHua; tojbro kb yrjy bx caMom yRpoM-
hoitb Micrfe BHcbia CRpoMHaa $OTorpa$ia ciAeoBKaro crapn^Ka bi
£anBjaBK4, CHAfl^aro paAOMB cb noTreHHOio jaxoft b* mepoROM*
ipHHOJHHt. „3t0 BfcpOflTHO pOAHtie OTIja ÁHaTOJÍfl CB SeHBHOft
CTopoHBi*, noAyMfiuocb mhí. JBL SHaJTB, 9T0 otci^b MopomicBn-b
6hjb seHarB Ha CBameHHH<iecRO& AOiepa.
BaTTOniBa BumeďB ro mhí kb ajieraHTHOft paesi, ipfrra ÓopAO,
oieHB kb HeMy HAymeft. 3to (Shjb cpeAHaro pocra cyftrajiBHyĚ
6p»HerB. JI^HHHue HepHiie bojocu, KpacBBO saBHHyTue HasaAi,
HicnaAaJH no nieiam,; tohrí& npo(J)M.ii> jBija, sroue, TeMHOxapie
nasa, HefojBrnaa GopogRa, MaieHLsia RpacHBiia pyRH, — Bce bto
rOBOpBJO O npHBBJerHpOBaHHOMl npOHCXOSAeHÍH X08flHHa.
— OieHB npiflTHO no8HaBOMHTBCfl cb Baně, — BCTp&ratťB Meaa
OTei^B ÁHaTOJiift. — IIpH3BaTi>ca, a yax noASHAaxB Bací, — npoAOJ-
saji om TOHeHBBBMi TeHopoiťB: — caAHTecB, noauuiyficTa! K MHoro
o Baa HacJDimaffB. Haxojiro npeÓiiTB hbbojhjih wl Hanra najecTHHLi?
— ^yMaio noroeniTB.
— TaKi>, t8kx. EABa jh AOJro sarocTBTecB. CKyrao 6yAen» nocíš
CTOJBI^U.
B* BOHHaTy Bonua MaTymsa ÁHHa KapajuioBHa, BucoBaa, cyxaa
CwoeAHHBa. CyAfl noyóopy nonaxBH, oea tojbbo-hto BepHy^acB cb
pa6oTu h He noAoapiBaia bctp^thtb HesHaROMoe jhi^o. Koctíomx
ea 6wn> bt» dojibomx ÓeanopaAK* h He rapiiOHHpoBaJTB cb raaiKO-
BOt pacnoft oma MopomKBea. Bojtmia KpacBua pyRH ROH^yaiHBO
opaT&iHCB no«B 4>apTyitx MaTyrasH. EjrfeAHOe, 6ojifeHeHHoe jbi;o
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266 BftOTHioa ebpohli.
nondAfcH, nonopqeHHoe MfceraMH ocnoB, 6ujio cobcími He&pacHBO, ho
ÓCMbmie cfepue riiasa cb^thjibcb yiíOMx h BBeprieio.
ÁHHa KHpHJIJIOBBa KOH^ySJIHBO OCTaBOBHJiaCb nOCpeAH KOMHaTU.
— MaTb, th xotb 6u HeiíHOsso Tóro, — o6paTHJCfl ri Heft
OTeiv* AHamaifi.
SI nosAopóBajicfl ci» iiaTymRoft.
— ' Ysi He B3tin^HTe 9 y Haci» Tasoft óesnopaAORi, — eaiaja
nona^ba: — Bce cx paóoToň boshmca. Cobcímt* H3Maa.iacb. QpocTO
či hopl cÓHJiacs et qyaiHMH jikwmh: to aoimmah, Ty^a HapaAH;
BCflRÍft Jia^HTL npoBaJiaHAaTbCfl 6e&% A^a, JHjnb 6u ^eHb CRopoiaTb.
B8AOZHyTB HeKOraa. He ao HapaAOBi. Yati hsbhhbtc nonaAbio.
— Hy, hto Cb TOÓoil A^JaTb, — inyTJHBO saw&THJťb ÓaTfomsa.
— Bu 6aTK)mRy nocujiajiH 6u, ÁHHa KapaJMOBHa, — nomy-
thb a.
— BamniRa y naci <%Jiopy?Ra. Btaqero He SHaerc, Kast auta
HecMumjeHoe.
— Hy, Hy, MaTb, He Bopw, noaajyflcTa! Jlyraie pacnopaAHCk
Hacnero nafisy.
ÁHHa KepiuLsoBHa Buinsa h BCKopi Bepflyjiacb b% hícbojbko
npBÓpaHHOMt BHA*.
— 9aÉKy-T0 h caMOfl ciiepTb RaRx oxora, bi ropjii ne-
pecoxjo, Aa onHyTbca HeRorAa, — sarOBOpHja CHOBa nonaAba, npn-
ckwb Ha CTyjfb okojio cmaa. — TaRoft rpfcx* ci» ĎesrojiROBHirb Ha-
poAOMi! KasaRi 3anaxajn> ceroAHa AbaROHOBy nojocy. Xopomo, hto
cana BOBpeMfl AOMaAfoa, a to Becb ynoBO/vb naxajii 6u Ha jiOAeifr.
— Botl, hoah tu cb hhmb! Tanie ocra, a Baifb CRasy, — bmí-
majica ÓaTiomRa. — 3anaxajn> qysytt no.aocy!
JlasaBeTa BHecaa caiioBapi. IIonaAba oroiCRaja 6pycBe<maro
Bapenbfl. BaTíomKa narpeČOBajn „RyBmHHqBRi".
— CBoero npoHBBOACTBa, — noxBacT&ra ohx, RorAa RyBmaH-
qaRx, no-npocTy rpa$HHi ci boaroS, noaBHjca Ha cmrfc. — IIo 11a-
jieHbRofi, AJfl nepBaro SHaROMCTBa. MaTb, Moatera, h tu Tóro?..
— Oft, Hy TeÓa! H 6e3*B Tóro maTaembca, RaRi nbaflaa, Ha-
CBjy Hoře TacRaemb. Eme bt> hojí noBajnimbca, .noAflro Ha cmíxx.
IIonaAba npHHajiacB sa wň. PaaroBopt He ocotieHHO Kieajica.
OfucRaTb oónjyio nowy 6imo aobojkho saTpyAHHTeAbHO. Ct nerep-
6yproiťb OTei^b MoponiRHHi 6tun» xopomo BHaRom, TaRTb Rasi He
paši ÓbiBajx bi» Heno*. KaRi óubjdíř cbítckíě, ohi cnpaBHJca o
HiKOTopuxt TeaTpajbBuxt SBfeAOHKaxi,, yae a^bho saRaTBBmHxca
Aira íleiepťíypra, a RaRi AyxoBHufi— ocbÍaomhjca o HteoTopuxi
jHipxi AyxoBHaro BiAOMCTBa, HHTepecoBaBfflaxt ero h noTOMy, mto
HeAaBHO hm4jtb cx> hhmb nepenacRy. D,epKOBHaa aH3Hb, RaseTca,
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AoitA. 267
ero Be ocoóeHHO HHtepecoBajia. ^m onja MopomsaHa 6ojbmo&
HOBOCTbK) 6hIJIO ySflaTb, HTO TOft BeCHOft B*b OAHOlťB ryÓepHCBOin*
ropo.it cofiapajca tfojibmofl oťwiacTHOii ca»43Ai» ijepBOBHHBOKb, o ^ero
si ceoe BpeMfl 6hjo iioapoÓho eaneqaTaHO bo Bctxt AyxoBHiix'*
ópranan.
HonaABfl OKasajiact ropas/io coftepsaTejurfee, no BpaftHeft irtpt
Kb ofijacTH CBoero xosaScTBa. Oea otjih?ho 3H&ia, ito HtiHqe y
Befoťb BiysBKOBi hxx npnxOAa HeAOCTaqa bt> xj*h6i, hto MHorie He
saiuaTHJH BeceHHexx bshocokb bi noftaTB, qro patfoqi* pysa rfewL
He neste erpanrao Aopom; nocaiAHee OTeijfc Moponncaa'* oftuic-
HflJI BCBJKWHTeJbHO HenpOXOAHMOft JliiHbH) H HeBixeCTBOlťbliySHBOBl.
— IIpeACTaBbTe, — sajiOBajica ohi,— mo& pafoTHBB*, iiosen
DOMBHTe, Etapa ^pofiHHBHa, Cl DeHHlIVb, TOTL, 1T0 AbBBOHOBy HO*
jocy sanaxara, — cairaft nycroft iiyauweHBa, a ABamaTb mtb py6-
jeS bt> jrfero, Ha Bceirb npa toitb roTOBOira, xa eme BypaasaTC*,
chhtl jo noJAera, nbUBCTByero, aapyrie MyacaBa... Tfe hh sa vro
He ajyTX.
ÁHHa KepHJuoBna MysaijBoe Hepa*ftHbe ofeflCHHja cobcím-l
Beáne: no ea mhíhíio MyjBHBH He Hjyrb b*b nony He noTOMy,
TTOÓU jiiHHJHCb HJH He HOHHMaiia CBOHXT> HHTepeCOBfc, a HTO OHH
9 yz!b 6ojbho OTomajH 3a sauy; Bfrrpoiťb maiaerb HHoro. Ob rpi-
xora nonojain> cboh) paÓOTHmsy cnpaBHJiH, a& h xjrhfo (Jeperyn:
sa paňoTOft moro tcrca, a jo HOBaro eme Aajieno, h JioiiiaAeBKH
Hora He BOJO^arL, bopmbtb Tose Heifera. CBOTHHsy BtirfiajiH b*
noie *yrb CBÍn> comeAl".
JI HeBOJiBHO yxBBHJicfl MyApocTH nonaAbH. He tocto npuxoAUTca
ciumaTB TERoe {SesnpacTpacTHoe cy&AeHÍe o MyauiBÍ.
— A bij He npo6oBaiH HaHHiiaTb Ha Bamewb xj464? — cnpo-
CHji a AHHy KirpHJLaOBHy.
— He HanacemBca; b^ab KasAOMy sa Tpoaxi HaAO, a HatcTca,
aacHjy Bopoqaerea, mb sopoBa creJibHaa. HpoÓOBaja bcabo... #a
h to npaBAa, caMX noni Binoje ho xoahto, a BHÉAera — eme Tóro
xyze, tojbbo orb A^Jia iiysaBOBi OTHHMaerb cbohmb jincaiiB Aa
ÓaiflcaMH, a tí h paju. Kasasi — Toae jioaupb He MajeHbBitt. íero
yarb aaxorfejH on DeTpa ^potfHHUHa! He Kapou* napHa ^po6HHOft
xpasHBn, ApoÓBHa h ecTb! 9yrb He xorjiflAHnib, ys*b h AP^xneTL
Ba Mest. Boht> awwohi. pa^óraerb caM*b, Tamb h bt> hojií coo-
pHica, Bce A*JaeTca BO-Bpeiifl. Ha 3apt eme Bu&xeirb. Jba6o.
— Hy, th, MaTb, pasÓojTajiacb 6esi TOJBy, — BMimajica saji-
THfl cynpyrb, — Hy BaKofi a pa60TBBBi>! Oi A^TCTBa He tímx Óujix
saaOTb, Tawb Tenepb y»t He nepeA^aembca. TBoe ciacrbe, hto
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Ž6Š BfcCTHHRfc BBřOHBI.
Bbl CB AbflKOHOlfB BBipOCJIH CpejH MySHROBl. BcflROMy CBOe, — 3a-
rohhhxb CaTioniKa cbok> othob^ab.
— Ysi bij HBBHHHTe iieM, — oíparajiacb ro mhí ÁHHa Kh-
HpjuiOBHa, — ocTaBaflTecB cb nonoíťB, a mh$ nopa (SisaTB, RaRi 6u
^poÓHHa onaTB He safcxajii Ha qysyio nojocy.
BuĎtsaBTb bi cíbh, AHHa KapuJuiOBHa HaópocHJiacb ea Jlesy.
— IIojiho npooasaTboi-TO, norjafffcia 6u OBeivB, bohb, hto-
to 6tryn>, šasi maJibHua. Bci jih arMTa-TO?.. roBopara, bojikt*
no#B CROTHHy saftfoKajrB... XpaHH Bořil Oň, Bce cana AOiuiixiiinB,
TdRTb H Jia^HO.
IIocj^ahíh CJiOBa nonajBfl BuroBopiua yate Ha. yjniji.
Ha Apyroft jeHB OTei^B ABamaifc no bcíitl npaBHjaiťB bík-
JHBOCTH OTAaJIT* MH* BH3HTB. Ob 9T0r0 BpeiieHH líbí, RaRl o<5a
npa8AH£ie JHOflH, crajiH HacTeebKo HaB$AUBaTBC* Apyr* k% apyry.
Ha nepBbixx se nopaxi mh* npHBejocB ycsumaTB aoboibho
He jecTHue omiTera no a^pecy MOJOjoro óanoniKH. CrapHRH, rfe
h cobc&itb Hexoporao OT3biBajincb o Hera. Bt toitb saRjnoiajacB
npHHHHa TaRoft HenpijKHH npaxoautHB ri omy MopoaiRiray, qejo-
B*Ry, Raat mh* Rasajiocb, BecbMa CMupHOMy h HeajioÓiiBOMy? Gnyxui
Ohi oieHB ójaiwfenao h yirfuo. Ha*o nojraraTB, erapHRH He MHpn-
MCB CB „MHpCKHMx" OÓpaSOIťB JRH8HH OTIja ÁHaTOJlífl. KajRftUfi
maro, Rasxoe ABH&eHÍe ori^a MopomRHHa, ero bchhiiirh, Becejocrb,
ptsRift rafera, lacra* myTRH, ofaniajH kb Heni> cBfrrcRaro qeio-
Bfoca. Hama MyxHKH xotji h roBopura, hto rto nonx, totb h
ÓaTbRa, HO OHH TOJBRO rOBOpflTl OTO, FB #&ftCTBHTeJIBHOCTH »e OHH
crpaniHO TpeÓOBaTejBHH r-b CBoeMy nacTbipio. Cojhahoctb h CTeneH-
ctbo nepBoe Raiecrao am nona.
— 3to He HacTOsmiň nom, bhaho no Bceiiy, — pascysRA&iH
CTapHKH.
Bx AepeBHfe coibhhjih itfuyio acropiio o tobtb, RaRi h no-
qeiiy OT&ap* MopomRHHx ciwb nonoifB. PascRasurcajiH, hto CBjjnjeH-
BH^eCRHHl MÍCTOMT. OHI OÓflSaHl, CBOeMy TeCTH), BecbMa HOlTeH-
HOMy h 8acjiy2ceHHOMy iepeto, ^to OTeijT. AHaTOJiift — cuhx nporo-
piBniaro wb npaxx noMtn^HRa. Mojo^ony MoporaKHHy, RaKX no-
jy^HBineMy BecBMa Majoe otipasoBame, rposeja ecaa He cyna, to
oqeeb ótACTBeHHoe nojoateeie. Bi to Bpeifa ohi ójlusko comejica
Cb óoraToft HeB^CToft, AhboS KapH^jOBoofi. GrapiiRt Aajt xo^epa
CJIOBO, HTO OHB BU^aCTL ee 8a MopOHIRHHa TOJbKO 61 TOlfB cjy-
qai, ecjH totb npuMerb AyxoBHsB caHi. BjaroAapa cojhahoS npo-
TeEii,ÍH, AeaTOJiiĚ MopomRHHB, HCRjiioqeHHiiB sa hto-to hst> Tpe-
Tbaro R^acca rEMHasin, nocrynHJix kb xyxOBHyio ceMHHapiio bi npe^-
nocjiiAHift RJiaccL, npoyqHJCM ABa roxa h Óujt, pyRonojosenB bo
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A0MA. 269
Xukohu, a lepesi roji noaymjrb mícto CBameeHHKa bi YjbeB-
ckom-l npHiOA*. fflteHHBmHCL Ha Ahb4 Khph-oobbí, MoporaKuei*
nojyHHTO sa Heft híckojibko thcavb npHAaBaro. ^eneaKH sth,
oxHaso, 6hum nposHTH ci p&A&o& nocntraaocTbio, h Korxa OTei^B
MoponiKHHt 6um> na3Ha^eHx et> HaiťB, to otb npaAaaaro ocra-
bíuocb tojbko oaho BOcnoMHHaHÍe. TecTb, yifnpa*, He noaeJiajrB
OCTaBHTB 8STH) ÓOJBffle HH rpOHia, H OTUy MopOfflBHHy npHHMOCB
003HaBonHTbca cl nop&AO<rao& Hyamoft. J[owh toíbko h A^psajica
nonaAbeft. Caiix oren^ ÁHamiifl HCTopiio cBoero CBanjeacTBa ne-
pexaBajrb mb4 cobcímb HHane, aMeaao, mto ohi <n> xfrrcrBa 6bub
ouoHeHi kx noABHSHnqecKOft shbhh. Pojil nacTupa KasaJiacB 6My
Haróojtóe noAXOAameft k*b ero CTpeiuieHifliťB, h caMi Bon coa**-
CTBOBajii ero nocrynjieHiio Bt ceifHHapiK).
Bi> repoH OTem MoponiKHHi bo bcakomi cjywb He roAHJca,
csopfe Bcero 3to Óhxb npodo ABopaacKift aeAopociB, BeyAaqHHra,
lOTopony HeKyAa (Shjio A*BaTBca, a Moaen, h cpeACTBa poahtojib-
erii He hosbojumb. 3HaiieHÍe BpeMeHH.
„HeKyAa hatě" — Bonpoci bt> Hanra ahh h &&& AepeBBH He
npasAHuft. H Taní napojHíícfl qe^OBtob, KoropoMy yate AaBaeabKo
eraio HeKyAa A$BaTbca. H HapOAHyft y^HTeJb — oepBuft nejioBteb,
BOTopoMy mwfi Apyraxi npHxoABTOi saAaBaTbCfl bthiii crpamHuiii
BonpocoMx: syAa hath?
IV.
Mhjocthbhh rocyjapb, noraiiaeTe jh
bh, hto saaiHrb, Rorxa ?eiOBÍKy hath
Hesyja?
A0CT06BCHÍft.
3totb erparaBuň Bonpocb MapMejiaAOBa craaoBHTca enje erpam-
Bte, Korja ohi BeraerB nepe^x icjiob^komb AepeBHH. Kor^a ropo-
a&BHHy hath HeKyAa, ei*y eme rpesHTca b*b ÓojrteaeHBhiXB He^Taxi
AepeBHH cl es npecaoByTH*n> johoitb npHpoAU, THmHHOft, B03Ay-
xo» nojseft h jícobt,, cft ea cnacHTejiBHbiBfB HeBiAemeinb. Ho Ky^a
ze hath neJOBÍKy AepeBHH? Bi ropoA*, OTRyAa óíshtb Óes*
otjuiakh Bce KHBoe, OTStiBíHBoe Ha nyawe ropě. IlepeAt TaKoft
crtHoft hjih, Ffepeíe, npooacTBH) nepBuft ctohtb bb jepeBHi eapoA*
Hiift yíBTeJB noxMJuarb jištb, yqffreabHBn,a Tose. Ctoatb bth sjo-
nojyqHue neAarora Ha Kpaio nponacTH h Ay^afiorb cbok> TaacKyio
Ayify. KyAa hath?!.. 06a ohh no caa6oerH SAopoBBa yAaJieHU otb
AÍxb h 06a ocrajiHCB Óesi cpcactbb kb shshh; y y^HTeJia Rpoii^
Tóro eeMBH Ha met... 3anrraTHae neAarora, hhcjio KOTopurB cb
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270 BftCTHHTCB EBPODtí.
j&T&fjiWb AHeMx Bce BospaeraerL, CTyqaica bo bc4 ABepn, rAÍ*
tojbro nocjiÍAHifl npeínojiararoxca, CTywrca BCío^y: kb xyxoBHEie,
wb i^&iOBaJiBHHRH... Ho, yBLil.. IIpaB^a, shshb Bce TaKX-TO ycTpaH-
Baert, npeMopaerB HenpHMHpaMoe, HSHCRflBaerB cpeACTBa. Bet wb
kohijIj KOHn,OBt HaxoAflro CBoe.
Bi cjiiAyioiň.ee BOCRpeceete a oropaBHjica kb u,epKOBt, bi Ty
caiiyH) i^epKOBB, rfljb a MajBiaROMi qinura „Hacu a h nfejii na
Kjmpoefc kb BOiinaHÍH 3HaK0Muxi» HHTaTejiH) Hasapia Kepujiiiqa
n Earaxia HBaHtiqa. lapyiomee BnewLiiraie npoH3BeJia Ha ueu& h
hhhí Hama mpeHBRaa ijepROBB, cbato& Masojia, uaRi ee y hecb
HaBhiBaíOTL. Bce Bospyn 6o.rfee hjih MeHie h3míhhjocb, tojubro
Mu mm no npesHeiiy ctohtb HeH3MÍHHufi, BeJHWBuft, HeaHije-
npiflToufi. HepBufi yAapi ROJOROJia npoóyAHJTB bo mhí itfuiHifr poft
BOCnoMHHaHift. Botb a, AecaTHJiÍTaiů naaBHHRx, nocnitneo oAfoaiocB
kb CHTn.eByio pyóamicy, ofaeRaiocB b*b ay^mee njiaTBe, CTapaT&iBHO
npHqecuBaH) cboh TeiiHopycue Rygpa cb npotiopoiťB; OTeiVB jaera
mhí Tpn KonšfiBH na CK&4Ky, h a ÓJiaroroBfeiiHO ca&my wb xpawB
Bosift. MtpHue yAapu RoaoROJia, ciaHOBamieca Bce iame h rýme
yKpinJiaKm> bo mhí cejy, Óoapatb marc. Ho npaBy rpaiiOTHaro
^eJIOBÍBa fl CTaHOBJIOCB Ha RJHpOCB. MOH CBepCTHHBH 3aBHCTJIBBO
norjiflAQBafiOTi bi moh) dopony. Botb Ďanomsa aaerB BOsrjiacB, a
OTBÍ^aio: „aMHHB a h HaiHBaH) nacu. ^ítckíS TeHopoRi 3By<me
pa8AaeTca noji CBOAaMH xpaaia, a cara HeBOJBHO sacJiymHBaEOCb
CBoero rojoca, HaAAaio b*b hsbIjcthhxi Mfecraxi #jia Óojisraaro
d^^RTa; CjraroHecTHBHe xpacriaHe BOHMaieiibHO csymaiorB CBflToe *Te-
Hie. Ecjih RaRaa ApeBHaa erapymKa h sacaerB HeiaaHHO, to tot-
toci se Raicaa-^pCyAB BucoRaa HOTa BAOXHOBeHHaro iTeija pasóy-
Ahtb coejHByio 6a6y, h OHa HaÓosHO HaiHHaerB RpeerHTB cboh
BÍBaiomia ycTa h TBepAUTb MOJHTBy. Qo OKOHqaeia cjy»6ři Kapn-
jhtb oÓuRHOBeHHO buhochjtb mhíi BtiHyTyio npoc$opy. KaROio rop-
AOCtbh), HeseMeuMt BOCToproMi HanojHflJiocb iioe fffcTCRoe cepAije
otb BToro OTjiaqia! YTpeHHifi ÓJiaroKfccrB h hubí nocejiurB bo mhí
paAOCTHoe, ó^aroAaTHoe qyBCTBO.
Moe noaBJíeeie bx uepKBH nocjii AecaTHjitTHaro npoiiesyTKa
ótiJio kb CBoeifB poA* nepBUMx BtiXOAOMt kb cb^tb. He 6exh BOJ*
h6híh BomejfB a bt» CBaTofi xpaiťB h no crapofi npHBuqBt npo-
mejii Kb RjiHpocy. 3a4cb yae noira HHRoro He bctp^thjtb a bsx
npeffiHHXt híbuobt., tojbro Moft ÓuBmift y^HTeJB, 9eAopi» HeTpo-
bhtb JIo6okb, no npesHeMy nycRasi 6aca h noRpHRHBaai kb bu-
cokhxx HOTaxx. Ha UHport ffiai a4tcbí6 xopB noA*B ynpaBjeeieMi.
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AOMA. 271
noiOAoro ncajOMmHBa, yiHT&tui ijepKOBHO-npHxoACRofi ihbojiu. Bo
speifii naysu mu cepaeiHO nosAopoB&iHCB cb ©ejopoM* IterpoBH-
nem. Moe noflBjeeie (Shjio 3airiraeHO MHorHMH. EaTiomKa npn Ras-
jemi OTBtcHJix mhí ocoťío hobjohb, a Ror.ua nocsi MOieÓCTBin a
noxomen bo Bpecry okb oco&ibbo oÓhjbho hobpohbji MeHa h
upoH3HecB fb nojrojoca: cb npasAHUROMt!
Ilo npe&Heiiy mhí BUHecjiH (taarocJiOBeHHyK) npoc^opy, ho yae,
kotciho, Ha 9totb para He 8a Moe ynacrie b* rihphoitb nfeam,
a, BipoflTHO, saffB p^AKOMy rocno, bi bbaí ocoóoft iecTB.
06*AHa npojier&ia kskx-to Hesair&THO. Biitcrt co mhoB ope
o&hRBu sameJTB r«b HaMx Oexopi HeTpoBHi* JIoóobi, KOTOpufi roja
ABa TOMy Hasa^i (Shjtb nepeBefteHi ynHTeJieMi b-b coc£ahk>io bojioctb,
THKb Bára Hama YjseBCRaa msojia m> TOMy BpeMeHH 6y.ia npeotfpaso-
Bána wb n^pROBHO-DpuiojCRyio. JIočobx sa oth jecaTB jréwi crpamHO
BSM^HHJicfl: nocrapkit, ocyHyjica h sasi-TO bccb oekax, toiho
crapufi nojycrHHBmifi aomhhibo, kb botopobtb oasa bc& jo eftunaro
BHBOJoqeHhi, panu nepesocH.iacB, spujeiao pyxHyjo, TpyÓa oÓBa-
jnuacB. rpycTHoe BneiaTjrfcBie nponsBOjBT-B noxoÓHufi ftOMi-pasBa-
jBHa, ocoÓeHHO Ha toto, bto bhaíjh ero bo Bcei ero Rpacfc, TBepao
CTOfln^HMX h He Ha aypBHxi Hossaxi, a Ha npo?Hoin> $yHAaMeHT&.
Tasase rpycTHO mhí 6ejjo CMOTptrb lenept Ha JIoÓOBa. PaBbme
9T0 6iu% HeyTOMHMuft roBopyHt, ciriuiutt, saAopHuft, roTOBuft cxBa-
THTBCfl CB ŘÍM* yrOAHO. IlOMHH), OHI BaKB-TO CailOIH) HCDpaBHBBa
TABl OTfipHJI-B, qTO TOTB TOJBEO DOMOpmHJlCfl A& HOHpaBBJTB CBOH)
aiuiyHHipH). Huhbto ohb Basa^c*, aaax roBopHTca, HB&e TpaBu, rame
BOJŮ, COBCftlťB 8aTHXT>, CMflrHBJCfl, CBeSHJICfl, BaBfc BUCOXHlift CMOp-
tokb. OroflBmie sor^a-TO nyÓOMx bojocu BApyra OT^ero-xo no-
npiueriH, npHrjaAHJiBCB, toiho HHBorAa h ho TopiaM BBepxi.
Bhahmo chjbho noraaTHyjocb u ero Óujoe sejrbsHoe SAopoBte.
K&Boe-TO yHUHie, rpaHHiamee cb saÓHTOCTBio, cBaauBUOCB bi jbi$
9e*opa IleTpoBHqa. Ha Heiii 6ujh> CTaputt, oieHB noTeprat hba-
ataitt h Tasie se ÓpiOKH b*b sa6opay. TaaaB MeTaMop^osa Kpafiee
oropiHja MeHfl. IIocJiajiH sa boxo^boB 9 wa nepBoft bctpíhh*. Mu
pasroBopHJHCB.
— 'Ito cl TOÓoft, Oexopi-IIeTpoBHHi? — Haqajix a: — a ne yseaio
?e6a: rj4 tboB sa^opi! Tu noxoxiiniB na iiospyio Bypai^y. Heyseja
m Te&i cpe^a sa^Jia? Ajb yMUBaJiH 6ypsy apyius ropse?
— 9xi>, 6parL, HaKOjama (oh*b coxpaHHJii bo mhš npesaee
OTHOineHie)! IIoshítb 6u tu bi noeft rasypt!..
— Aa ítí) Tasoe ciyujiocB?
A BOTB HOHpBrJUUHCB .HOÓJIHSe, n08HaB0MBCfl CB HOBUMH
nopaABaMH wb AepeBHt, laax He craHemB cnpamBBaTB. Ob rtxi
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272 BfcCTHHBt EBPOniI.
nopi), saKi tu yixaiTL, MHoro boau yieuc Tojbro, 6parb, HUHb?e
h BrixoAy Hameiiy (SpaTy, hto kb n,epROBb, ho bto yate oÓa&aTejbHO,
no pacnopaseBÍK) ea^aJibCTBa. HameMy 6paTy npHmejrb Ranyrb.
TojbRO-Ótuo BHňpajiHCB Ha mepoKyio Aopory, nutojiy hojioÓhjix ra-
poA%, Kaši cronx iianiHHa,, „bopoth HasaA 1 *, xep&H orojk)* h na-
mero ópaia noA* Horora.
— Moaen* 6htb, sto roBopara b* Tetffe ocRopóaeeHoe caMo-
jiioóie, hto Teťfa yAajwjiH OTCK>Aa. íto jri Aypnoro bi tom*, *to
y Hac£ OTEpHJH u.epKOBeo-npaxoACKyio msojy? He Bce jh paBHO?
— Bce, a& He Bce a Aase cobcímt, He Bce paBHO, a Óojtmaa
pasHHi^a. Ilo3HaKOMHfflBCfl ójraase, caMi yBHAHinb. Tu snaemb, a He
jih)6jik) HaBfl3UBan> CBoero MHiaia. Tojibbo, botl, a BH»y, mto bt»
IlHTepi-TO y Bací HHiero He bhaati, esera tu sa^aemt mhí Taxie
rviynue Bonpocu. Hbbhhh, Óparb, jih>6jiío tobophtb npaiio... cn
jiiOAbMH, KOTOpuxx He Óoiocb, — npaóaBHJii. JfotfOBi. — Hajeft-xa enje
no piOMO^Ki, #a kx AOiiaMi nopa.
Oe^opi IleTpoBHqi Aonujii) BOjsy h piniaTejbao saaBHii, ^to
obt> H^erL AOMOfl, ito, BtpoflTHO, yate 6e3noKOflTca sera h aíth.
— ^a botb mb, Apyn> th moí jiioÓesHufi, — sasoHmirB JIoóobi
CBOH AOBOAH, — UO&HeWb KO Mfffc, „nOCÍiTH AOMHfflKO MOft". PoMy
h apasa He OyxerB, ho ceiiba pa^a Óyjera TeíHb, 8to tu h cairc
3Haemb. Y MeHS, Ópara, 401b HeB-kTa. IIoMHHaib Hacno? CiaBHaa,
Óparb, A*BKa. Botl yBHAHmb.
TojbKo bt> noJOBHHt uejfeui MH-fe yAaaocb noóuBaTb y Hero.
JIoóOBa nepeBejH kb AepeBHio OjibxoBO, r^fe tojbro ?to óujia
oTBpuTa HOBaa 3eMCsaa mao-ia. Ojbxobo HaxoAHTca bt. cena Bep-
craxi) orb YabeBa. ^opora H^ero Bce noJiflMB, a* nepejrfecRaiiB h
qacTbío óeperoMi Tofi se piutH, no KOTopofi a ixajrL bsi ropová P.
,H,epeBHa — ABopOBi 200 — pacno-ioseaa Ha pÍR*, ho Henotfepery,
BaKl OÓURHOBeHHO CTpOETCfl npHp^HHOe CeJIO H AepCBHa, a TbiqKOMl,
ri piR*. Ha to 6uja ocofiaa npe^BHa, o něm pi^b Hnse. ^Ba
pa^a bhcorhxi ópeBeHqaraxt aomob-l, noRpuTuxi ^aerbio Teco-
bumh Rpumaim, nacTbio cojOMOft, TanyjiHCb no^TH na BepcTy. IIo-
cpe^H AepeBHH RpacoBajacb xopomeHbRaa nacoBeHRa, coopyseHHaa
bt, naMATb 19-ro 4>eBpajia. KasAHfi ro^t bt> 3toti> ^eab oJbxoBCKie
RpeerbflHe ciyaaTb b*l qacoBHi * v paHbiue MOJieócTBie, a iiocj^ 1-ro
iiapTa naHHXHAy no cbocmi HesafiBenHOMi ocBOÓOAHTent. IIlROJiBHoe
sparné, BHOBb BHCTpoeHHoe no otfmecTBeHHOMy npuroBopy, Haxo*
AHTca bi Koer^í AepeBHH, r% ptat, OTRyxa OTRpuBaeTca BejBKo-
jineuft bhax. Ho piai to h-a^o TanyjHCb cb^srb cyAOBi, 6yKCH-
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jioma. 273
pyetfuxi napoxo^aiui, OT^fejitHua Óapsn h bocabh jrfcca, cnjiaBjae-
Maro CBepxy Ha Bo-iry, a qacTbfo b BBepxx no ptat bi IleTep-
6yprB. Eme y bcíjxi na naiiSTH to BpeMa, nor^a no btoB pira*
ee xoahjh napoxoju h bcS patfora no nepeABHseniio rpysoBi co-
BepmajiHCL bohho& raroft, jih6o ÓypjtaiecTBOifB. 3a&cb bopmhjocb
ee Májo eapoAa. YHEijyK) ÓypjaijKyio nicHH) b a cjiux&tb bx #6t-
ctb4. Xoaoboě 6epen ptacn, „ÓHieBHofl", — no EOTopoiiy xoamh
ÓHieBOft óypjaKH h KOHHoroHBi, Tama sa cotioft rpoMa^nua Óapsn
h Apyria cy*a cb xjrbÓOMi e npoHHMH TOBapaiíH, — h Tenep& eme
aanoHHHaen> o 6blsomi BpeiieHH. H*a no fiepery, nyTB He Ha aaacAofi
Bepcrt HaTiiBaemBCfl Ha nycnjHHue xojimhkh: Ha oahbxi Topiart
eme ocTaTBH KpecxoBt, Ha apyraxi — KaMHH, caoateHHue apecro-
oČpasHO, hjh npocTO rpyjoft. Xojmhbb 9tb — odaTRn vlovuutl. 3a^cb
caoKEuiH koctb MHorie npaBOcaaBHue MyjKHiRH, xo^HBinie ÓHíeBOfi
Korja-To. Myl ABamaTb, a MO&era n óojitme TOMy Hasa^B,
Baax pa3CKa8HBaiorB, no BceMy nyra Ha cyAOBuxt KapaBaHaxt
CBHptncTBOBaja Basaa-TO MopoBM asBa, ynecmaa He Májo Čypjaij-
bbxi SHSHefi. QpaBoesaBHBift HapoAt Ha xoxy MeprB, Basi Myxn,
CEoponocTHaHO, (5esi nanyTCTBia h noBaaHia. IIoboííhhbokb Taat
TyrL h xopOHMH, 3aBepHyBi> kb poro&sy. Tub hcjiobíbi ymapajit,
TyTB ero h sapuBajra bx aify, OTcrynHBi HeiiHoro m ÓHieBHaro
xojia. 3aMtqaTe.ii>HO, hto Haran MysnBH oieHB noHTHTeiiBHO otho-
CSTCfl KT> DTHlťB OJHHOKHMt ÓeSBtCTHHMl MOHUaMl. He MaJIO 8a~
plito 3AÍcb h naomHXt joraaaoBi bo BpeMfl nocjritofleft catopcsoft
hsbh, CBHphncTBOBaBineň Ha BceMi> nyTH. Ha#B Tpynaifn naBmnxi
JiomaAOBi Tasise BOSBumaiOTca seMMHHa Hacuna. Ha#B hhoS Taaoft
HorHJoft npojHTo He MeHtme caiiuxx roptKHxt ciero, ^íitb Háji
amnu, noniviniHifB b% nyTH aaonojryrauifi ÓypaaBOMi, CMepTB boto-
páro 8A*cb onjiaBHBSuiH pasri ojjhh Cyftnue Bferpu. Hoofi bohho-
roní Tepa-ix co cBoeft jioraa^Kofl Bce, na htď pasc^HTHBajTB*
^epeBHB He AOXOAHJia ao 9thxt» rpycTHHXi Korasi hohth Ha
nojBepcTu.
IIIfcojiBHoe 3#aHÍe 6hxo oĎHeceHO mojoaumx ca^OMi cb oropo*
aoitb. lípa mKOjii HaxoAHJiacB h aBapropa y^BTejia, cocroan^aa hsx
Hefiojbmofi KOMHaTH cb neperopoABOH). IHKOJBHoe s^anie mosho 6bijio
npnsRaTB h no bhbícr*, apacoBaBmeflca uoxl BapHBsoBTB co cto-
poHu Aoporn cb huahbcbio: „OjiBxoBCBoe HapoxHoe ynajiHme". lípo-
HHTaBX 9Ty HOADHCB, fl HeBOJIBHO BaAyMdJICfl. KaKx MHoro roBopaTi
3th HeMHoría CJOBa yMy h cepwy Tóro, bto snaera, hto ae-
peBHA 3Ta eme HeAaBHO Ómia apinocTHaa, rjifh 6esnpaBÍe h npons-
bo.tl 6mra sasoHOMi, vf/b #HRoe HesteecrBO no^HTajioct nepBiň-
meK) AOÓpojtfiTejiBio AJia KpinocrHoro neJiOBisa. Huri cio^a cre-
Tom IV.— Idjb, 1896. 18
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274 BftCTHHKB EBPOIIÍI.
xaiOTCfl AecflTEH KpecTBHHCKHXTb jijhieŘ HaónpaTBca yMa-pasyaia; noxb
9Tofi CKpoMHOfi BHBicKoft TenMTca »hboS oroHB, pascbeBaa Mpai-
HBia noTeMKH bíboboS hohh. JlyqesapHofi aBfeAOft ciarort cjiOBa drofi
jaKOHHqecKOĚ HaAMCH, mbi cnacHTejitHiii MaaBi b-l TeMHOT* hoto,
nocejiaa bt, cepAui ycra-iaro nyTHHBa pa^ocrt h HaAesay. Hoa*
cfeeBK) aroft bijbíckh spfcera MOJioj(aa PycB, CBOÓOAHaa, npocBi-
n^eHHafl...
IIlKOja Ótua sasptraa. ^jia AepeBeHCsofi a$tbopu yae Hacry-
hhjh jiítbíjj BaHHByjiu. Ho cbpomhhmx saHaB-fccBaiťB kb OEHaxt
He TpyflHO 6hjo otjhhhtb h coticrBeHHO BBaprapy y?HreJur otl
mBOJiBi. ITepeAX OBHaira na jiyaaiiBÍ nrpua rpynna rfrreft; cpe*H
HHXt BH^flJIHCl ABOe: MaJTBHHBX H A^BOHBa. Ha MaJIbqHK* ÓHJH
BopoTeHbBie mTaHHEBH h qncTeHBBafl CHTu,eBaa pyóamBa; ffltaoBypEie
BOJOCHBH BOpOTBO HOACTpH&eHU. ^BOHEa ÓUja B*B XOpOmeHBBOlTB
njnaTBBi^ ropoACKoro nospoa. 06a ohh, Basi n Apyria, BrpaBmia
e& hhmh aíth, (Shjh Óochbowb. JJíth myMHO Hrpajur, xaBi hto
mh4 ne cpasy yAUOCB oÓpaTHTB Ha cetfa hxi BHBMaeie. Moft He-
SHaBOMllft BHA*B HH MÉUO H6 CMymaJIT* A*Teft. MaJBTOKB H A**
BOisa, BOHe^HO, 6bwh a*th OeAopa IleTpoBHia.
A cnpociijn>:
— Ta* nana?
— Bl OrOpOA*, — JBHBO OTB^TMa A^BO^Ba,
— Hítb, ohí ea pycaxx '), — BMim^ca iiajiB<raBi>, — ceitaacB
yraejn». Sl bha&tb nauy.
— A kb oropoA*, — HacTaHBaja A-írcoiBa: — a TO»e bhaím.
— Do&AeMTe kt> naní, — CBasajrB a, — CHaiaia nocMOTpHirB bi
oropoAi, a hotomx b*b pycaire no&AeMt.
Bt 8Ty MHHyry otbphjocb okho b*b BBaprapi yTOTeaa, h bt>
HeMt noBasasHCB moh crapHa 8HaB0Mtia: RaiepHHa HHEOjaeBHa cb
HacTeft.
— TyMaHOBi, HflBOJiafi HBaHOBHYB! — BOCEMBHyjia EsaTepHHa
HnKOJiaeBHa, sBaBmaa MeHa otitiBHOBeHHO no $aMHjrin. — 3ApaBCTByfiTe!
Mh Bací a»bho noASHAaeirB. íero bh He noBasHBaeTecB? 3axo-
AHTe. OeAopi IleTpoBHTB cefiiacB apexera. Ohi, Ba&eTca, yjiBH
bi oropoA* nonpaBjraeirB.
— IIoftAeMTe b-b neiiy.
MaTB cb AOiepBH) BLirajH Ha yjiHD,y. EsaTepHHa HHBOJiaeBHa
x ) PycjiMH y Hacb noneiiy-TO HaaioaroTca ph6oiobhim Bepnrn, nieTeHHfl H&b hbo-
bhx-b npyTbeBi» Bipdt pacTpyóOBi. HHTepecHo 6hjo 6h 3HaTB Mfffeme 061 anzi
„pycaxT," jhiíi, aaHHMaDmiixcii pa»ci*AOBaHÍeMi o npoHcxosxeHiH ciOBa n Pycs tt . HamH
„pycH* Hxyn cb B4jioo3epa.
UpuM. aemopa.
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KOMA. 275
oubho nocrapi.ia, mha ea ocyHyjocB, BimBiuro. HpesHaro 8*0-
poBbfl h pyiiaeija h cjíja He 6ujo. He (Shjto bx Heft h npes-
Heft HrpHBOCTH. Ea CHnjeBoe njiaTte BasaaocB jaieRO He hobchb-
ihitb, Óothhkh Tasse xaBHO HysAajiHCB bi cmíhí. KaTepHHa Hh-
KOjaeBHa Bunua hoxb pyRy cb Hacieft.
— PeKOMeH^yio, HacracBa ©ejopoBHa, — myTjHBO npexcraBHJia
OHa mh4 cbok) aoib.
Hacrfc mejt yxe BOceiraajwaTBifi roji. ^Bymsa po6ao no-
jaja mhí pyxy.
— JI BaeB noHHH) neMHOSRO, — nporoBOpuJia OHa h noTynHiacB.
— A a BaCB noMHH) eme MajeHbRoft Hacreft, a boto huhbto,
He BHaio, naBi r-b Báro h oÓpamaTsca. Ba TaR* BupocjiH. Ysi pas-
pifflffre no-npesHeMy HastiBaTt Bací HacTefi, HacracBa GejopoBHa!
— Kakx xoTHTe. Mh6 Bce paBHO.
— RoHe?HO, HacTjí,— npHMOJBHjra iiaTB.
Mu nonuH b* oropo#B, HaxoxHBmiftca sa mROJBHuirB ABopom.
HacTH npoH3Be.ia Ha Mera ^obojilho ÓesoTpafleoe BneiaTxbme.
XyjjeHBRaa, óes^opMeHHaa (faoHABHRa cb cbíítjumd BOiaocaira, CRpy-
^eHHiiMH Ha saTUJiKi, poÓRaa, neyRJiroacaa, HeMHoro cropfaeHHaa,
(toÍAHaa cb jima, cb tohrhmh ÓesijBiTHtJMH pyRara, kb OfciOMi
CHineBOMi njraTB^ OHa RasajiacB OJiHijeTBopeHieirB xy^ocOTearo
soifHaTHaro pacreHia, He seaBraaro cojer^a h B08#yxa. OicyrcTBie
sarapa Ha pynaxx h Ha ji*u$ ftircyinRH ysasuBajo Ha ea saTBop-
HHqecKyio sbshb h xyxocoiie. Hacra (taua ojfrra cb npeTeesieft Ha
ropoACsyio 6apuraeio, ho ropojcaoro kb Heft HHiero óo.i&rae He
<fruo, xoth OHa eme Memme noxoAHJia Ha jepeBeHCKyío #&BymRy.
Rpoirb HanajiBHOft hikojih, nosí pyBOBOACTBOifB oma, Hacia HHrjtfs
He ynwacB, ho Koe-wo HHTua h roB&pnjia xobojbho npaBHiBHO,
B<rraBjaa HHorja h BuiHTaHHua HHoerpaHHua cjioBewH, bb poji:
ctmnaria, peROMeHjyio h t. h. Mh4 nosasajiocB, hto a Bnsy hobuS
thhb ^epeBeHCKoft Ďapuraee, a&HBymeft cobcímx ocoÓoh) shshbio.
Hectfoipa Ha hoioaoctb Hacra, kb TeMHO-Rapnxi niasaxi e* cbíth-
mcb saRaa-TO rpycTB, OHa oiEnna^acB h bb ea thxokb rojoci.
— íto bh A*JaeTe i^fejue shb? — cnpocHJii a jiByniKy.
— Bce (fojBine hibh).
— íto ae HMeHHO?
— IIIbk) aljBHijairB HJiaTBa, napHaHB pyfianiBii BiimHBaio, HHHBqe
moíe Ha mHTiia pyÓamRH.
— A na paÓOTy He xo^HTe?
— Kyw, na pa6oTy?
— Hy rochtb, aaTB, <Aho yÓBpais. Bce, wb jfoi&eTUí Bt
hojí.
J8*
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276 BftCTHHKB EBPOIIH.
— Kyxa-aft a nofixy? y HacB whrb nojia.
— Hy, ryMTb 6u xoxmh, a to boti bh sasaa fijtóxnaa.
— CKyHHO ryjiflTb, xa h Hexopomo, sorxa bcí ke nojrt pa-
ÓoraioTi: h crapiift, h MaJiufi. JIboah ocyxara, Aa a HeBorxa*
Bce raBH),
— ÍHTaeie HHOrxa?
— Kas* »e, ?HTaK).
— ÍTb?
— Bce, ití> nox* pyKy nonaxerca. HHOrxa nana OTRyxa-
raóyxB npnHecenb BHiiaay. Herxi 6pan> HHHBie. Tojbro pasiA y
nona, xa y $&iBxmepa, na i to oxhh „npHJioseHia* pasraa,
TaBi, r^ynocTH. Bóra paHBme nana BunHCiiBajn> bhhth hsi ropová,
xaKi» xopomo Óhjio. JOL npcrairaua IlyniBHHa, TypreHeBa, roma-
poBa... Axt, Basafl npejiecTbl..
— A TenepL tto?
— Tenepb nana ne BunHcuBaerB Óomne bhhfb. EHfaioreBy
saBpmiH bi ropox&*
Bx oropoxfc Gexopa IlerpoBNa He OBasajrocB.
— ^ojisho 6htb, Ha pycaxi, — pfcnnuia EsaiepeHa HiiBOJiaeBHa*
— Bon naniH yjBH. Oexa crara nacToan^eirE niejOBOxoifB. Ero
xase nsejuu ne saun. BeperarecB, ohš He jnotiara qysnxi.
Bx oropox* ctouo xo xecaraa bojio#b pasHBix* CHcreirB. TLvem
ycepAHO CHOBaja oboio cbohxb rafe^x. Mh BepiiyjHCB kb iaro*
BcKopí BOSBpaTHJca h Oexopi UeTpoBHTL; b-l cyxafc CB BOAOÍl OWb
npHHecx napy otjhtohxi crepiiflAeft e bíckojlko OByHBBOKB.
— AI bottb oxojuriubI Otjhhho, — saroBOpHJii, JLofowb eme es
yjimn, yBHA*Bi icera kb orbo.— Bi>, cbojbro Ha tboo čuměl —
noTpacb ohx cyxftoro ci ptióoft.
— Kára, noxsapB-Ba Haiix bthxtb npiaTeaeft, — noxara ohb piróy
aieri, — xa He xypno-Óu, 8HaemB, roro... Pu6a no cyxy He xoxtfra—
Botb, ópara, He yroxHO-jn: HacTacBa GexopoBHa, xnoe — Ha yjuijfe,
AHHa h BjaxHiripi, 06a Ha me£, oxra y ÓatfymBH rocrirrB BTopoft
rox*B, h otjhtoo x^Jaero, He Bdunaero.
— A rx* Kojw?— cnpocMTb a: — Tony, saaieTca, yae JifcrB mt-
HaxijaTB?
— #a, tot?>, óparo, y MeHa mojowomx, csaBa Xpecry: npn-
erpoem; eera He osaserca h^íotomx, MoaterB buřte kb jnoxe...
JExeifB xomoě, nepeBexeHi vb noca^xnift bjtoccb, BHepa noiy^Hjn
hhclmo. TaBi oÓpaxoBaji, 6ean> dBsaiieHa nepemejrB, Hxera otjotho*
*- ^a, rx* ohs yHirrca?
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AOma. - 277
— Bt nonti jasy!.. B% ayxoBHOMi yrojiHm*. Be^HKOjinHO
e^era! Rasifl otm&tkh, a Tetffc joiosy! EtepBaqx.
— íto 9to TeCi B8AyMajocfc, bx xyzoBHiie?
— *Itó, Ópara, óyjenib jiuiaTb! OraHemb npHjyiiHBaTb! Haflo
mícto, ncnoseme lejiOB^Ky. ,HyMajrb-6biJio bx rHUHasho, bi peajb-
Hoe yrarame, xa Kyna eameMy 6paTy!.. Ha o*Hy 4>°P M y) S* na
yqeÓHHKH chjtb He XBaTHTO. »
— OTHero 611 b* yqirrejbCKyK) ceMHHapiio ne nonNTaTbca?
— %o a, Bpara, qTOJH, cbohm-b la^ara?— o6H»eHHO-myTJiH-
BHlfb TOHOM*b CHpOCHJTb JI06OBI. — JJOBOJIbHO, TTO E OTeiJt HtfCTpa-
jaro. Hfrrb, (Sparb, cayra noKopeíift! Ilyc&aft, jpyrie nocayacarb.,.
A Tara BeJHKOjAnHO: pacxonu nocajibHEie, a gopora B&pHaa, npaMO
Bejera nt xji46y.
Jloóorb saHOjnajrb h noraKb roxoBofi. Bhjhmo, pascy&Aenie dTO
eiiy h caMOiiy He HpaBHJiocb, ja ys* Heqero He nofftaaemb. — ^a, —
npojOMMurb ohi, — a caiiH BRymaeirb aRpajn h Mejfb ahbíí. Mynncy
Bosin BRcnjyaTHpyeiťb... Ham, npHHeca Me^Ky m> saro-TO... He
TOJbKO, (Spára, nKraeMCfl,— npo^oJffiajTb om» xanme, a h hsÓhtobt*
HM^eiťb: vb nponuoMi roxy Ha BOceMbftecaTb hatb pytíaeft coto-
Baro npcwb, a th snaemb, hto seaqHTb BOceMbAecarb naTb py6-
aeft npH Hamemb aajOBaHbt? BaarojaTb! Plma Toae noMoraera.
Epyrjraft rofli ptitia CBÍxaa, aa Majiodb Ha cropOHy Hflera. Kato
He BTH IUIOflll 8eMHiie, A&BHO 6u npHHLIOCb HOJIOSHTb 8y6n Ha nojrcy.
©e^op-b HerpOBH^b Óhjtl cerojHH bi yjapfc e H$CROJbBO no-
xoAHwTb Ha npexuro JIofoBa, opaTopcTBOBaBmaro Ha Mipcraxi
cxoARaxi Ha pa*y ci sanpaBCRHMH KpHKyHaMH, Eorja flfeo Bacá*
JlOCb OÓH^eCTBeHHHXl HHTepeCOBT,.
IIo^ajiH Mej*. HHTapeas sH^KOCTb ncKpaiacb h npocBÍqeBaja
Ha cojhi$. 9ia (fauna nepBaa npotfa BeceHHaro ctiopa. ©e^op-b
DeTpoBHW Tam e no^npurHyjx, yBHjtfrab coth.
— Ors TpyAOBi npaBeAHiixil boto, 6para, BRymafi, — Topaae-
CTBeflHO npexJiosHjrb ohx, noAO^BHeyBb ko mh* Meji. EUi cnerb
bhdhbkh npHmjiocb OTJiosHTb none^eme. RaiepHHa HflKOJiaeBHa
oCbflBHja, mio 9 KanjH tf b<A bhihjhi...
3a qaenx a cnpocnjT. JIotioBa, šasi nosHBaiorb ero BOJMeni:
KopoTOBCirift yHHTejrb, OpixoBCKift, 3anorocTCKÍft h jpyrie. Eme ^e-
caTb jrtTb Toiiy easa^ Bce bto 6um noHTenHHe yTOtejna, o(Jpe-
MeHesHBie eeifbflMH, h Ha CHJiy npoÓHBaJHCb. YqacTb hxi h Torxa
Měna 3aHHHaja. Bi^Harn 6HJHCb, BaB*b pnfia o6i> xejnb: Cb oahoS
cropoHH, He 8Haa, By» paacoBaTb Afeeft, ct apyroft — R yw A*Baxbca
caMHMi, bt> c^yqai BHesaneofi OTcraBKe. Hlihí aTOTb yHirreJibCRit
Bonpocb oÓoerpHJica e^e Cojibnie. Bi Ty nopy ^aTeJibHO o6cy»-
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278 BftCTHHKb EBPOHU.
Aaaca Bonpocb 061 9MepnTyp4, ho h3*b 9Toro Tasí ranero h He
Bfcinuo yiifflHTejibHaro.
— 9xb, Ópara, — 8aroBopHjrb, BSAOXHyra, JIoóobi, — bc4 ycrpoH-
jihcb, bcí Bonpocu caMH cotioio paspímajHCB, Bor^a jkhshb npa-
sajia, h caMinrb HeoaBHAaHHUKb otipasoMi. HBaHi Kotobx yiiep^,
ocraBHBi Ha yjiHn^ 6o.aBHyio MapBio HnanTHrney ct Kyqeio A*Teft.
Osasajracb Rasie-TO poACTBeHMBH b*b ropoA&, npiHmuiH CHporo paxa
Xpnera. HaBera 3bohi^ob% noJiyTOxi HHCTyio OTcraBKy sa Bucnyry
jťkvb h KOHe^HO fiesx MyHA&pa h neHcie... Bi croposa npn seMCKOft
ÓojihEEBJí npacTpoHJica, ÓŠAHara! JJecaTB itfuxoBiin nojyqaerb, Ha
hto h npoatHBaePB. B*ab okb xojioctoS: eMy mm-tffeAH- A Maxaftjio
BocspeceHCRifi h ApBaxifi BorocióBCRifl BOSBpaTHJHCb bi» joho
ÁBpaaMOBO. BocBpeceHCBifi nojywJTB mícto CBameeHHKa, a Bóro-
cjobckíS noxa fb ABaaoHaxx, h 06a aaHHMaioTca bi ijepBOBHO-npHxoA-
CBHřB msojaxi. •
— A tu Kára AyMaemB ritab CBopoxaTB?— cb rpymio cnpo-
cmjh> a OeAPpa IIeTpOBH?a, nopasemuft HeoatHAaHHuifB bcxoaomi
yHHTejiBCKaro Bonpoca, saHHMaBmaro enje He^aBHO mhoiiixi cepgo-
Óojtbhuxi mpfii. — Tose pascwTUBaeniB Ty^a?
— Hira, Byxa mh4! JOL yroTOBaJTB cetffc Hayio 6yAym,eocTb.
BnAHHIb 8TH COTH. AKpHALI H MeA* AHBÍft — Xj46l» MOfl. ,3,150,
tipara, He myTOHHoe n A&se npiaTHoe. Tojbbo 6u peóaTHineKx npe-
erpoHTb, a mu cb KaieS npoatHBeiťB, npoRopMHMca. HuHie, ecra
jfcro 6yAerb óaaronpiaTHoe, Haftfoocb cotfpaTB ny&owb jificaTb Me^y,
A* bockt, noxa hotth a&P<>mi nponaAaerb. ^yiiaio CBtaHyio $a-
(JpHKy OTKpuTb. Tu He CMiftca, a roBopro jifcjio. Mu BBinncuBaeirb
BOCBy nsi-sa rpaHHijH Ha cothh Tucara pyóiieft. SL yBtpeHi, tto
A^io nofiACTL. A ojiBXOBCRie nysHBH sa mok) ciyatóy, — aa^yMaio
eme nocjiysHTB, — He OTHHMyrB y ueHa Tóro Bjoqsa semia, rA* a
pasBeiii natf»?By. OraaMyrb, cruHy boptomhtb... Tu, 3HaemB, iioa
naduta npeAcraBJíaerB yse BaneiajcB CBume AByxx cora pyfíieft.
Botb htó.
— 3to, CJiaBa Bory, OdAop^B EteTpoBHHx, — Hcspenno saM^Taji^
a. — GiaBHaa mucjib npnnijia refá wl rojOBy. TBOeiiy npHMipy mo-
ryro nocjrfeAOBaTB h Apyrie.
— H cjiÍAyrorb. Domhhhib. BacHjia OpjOBa, KopuTHeBCicaro
yqeTejia? Ohi yBOJieHx, bi roA*B TBoero orbisAa, h HUHB^e SHBen
npenfcBattu, a HanajiiTOse aohtb Bosbh> BopoBsy — n^ejRy, Huh4
aeiiaeft oÓsaBeJica.
— 3HawrB 9 caaBa Bory, OT^ero-si tu Bani Óy^TO xaHApHDiL
HHorAa?
— Ox%, HHBOJiaft HBaHtiHT,! Bojhtb Aynia moh... He o zA&k
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Google
AOMA, 279
ejHHOM-6 mam neiontKi ÓHBaerB. Taseno bha4tb, Basi a*Jio pyBí
tbohtl, jfcio jpajmaTH jítl paspymaeTca, iijioah Haineft a^toa-
hocth raÓHyTL.
V.
PasrOBopi* cl OexopoirB IleTpoBHHeifL B086yAHJťB bo mhš i$-
jlíS BaieftjocRoin, micjeft, ojHa apyroft (JesoTpajHÍie. „Bon, —
jyiajB a, — KaiTL jbhshb pacnopaAHJiacB, paap&mHJia xaBHO Hasp^B-
mifi y^HTeJBCsift Bonpora, KOToparo He momh paspimaTb hh jaija,
hh y^pesAemfl. J&hshb oahhxx yópaja cb Aoponr, Apyrexx nepe-
licTHja, TpeTbHMi A&ia HHoe HaBEaneme... Ho cbojbbo eme „He-
yÓpaHHHxi"! H tocjio hx* cb Ba&xuKB AHera pacreTi, paspo-
CTaeTca.
HeyerpoficTBO sbhbhh HapojHLixi yqHTejieft BaqajocB hotth oaho-
BpeneHHo cb BOBHHBHOBeHieHi seiícBHxi y^pesA^Hift, T.-e. činní"
komi TpH^aTB jrfcrB Tony Hasa^B. Bx nepBiia AecaTb, n*THajmaTB
j&tl, y^HTaiBCsifi nepcoHajrB (Shupb eme cobcím-b CBiseHBBift, b* pe-
mohtí He Hys^ajicfl; ohb Óhjtb mojo#b, SAopoB*, Óesceife&CTBeHB,
Ao6p* h c^acTjraBi CBoefi npocB^THTejBHofi MBCcieň. Ob 6e8saBÍT-
boě npewHHOCTBB) h caiiooTBepaenieaťB MOJioaue jih>ah otioero noja
nojBHMH ropcTAME c&suai Ha Pyce rpaMOTHOCTb, cíumh pasyííHoe,
AOÓpoe, Bfrraoe... HaBOMy h kb yaix He hphxoahjio CBoe (Syaymee.
Bcfe SHJIH HaCTOflmHMT,, CBOHtfB ff&IOlfB, BAOXHOBJíaaCb CBOHBTB yCflt-
xon%. Csb&yiom}& hhtb Jitra paóora yse (Sbijih hícbojbbo cho-
KoftHie, jraxopaAOíHafl ropaisa craja cnaAaTb, h HaerynEBmee sa-
THIHBe KB SeMCBOlTB flfcjrfe TOTiaCB Se OTpaBMOCB n Ha A^HTe^B-
hocth HapoAHOt mBOJU, a sarfeirL HiKOTopua sencBifl n BHfc-aeMCBia
irfepu npoHSBejH iyTB ne oómyio naHBBy cpe^a yHHTedBCBaro nep-
coHaja. HÍKOTOpbia seMCTBa (BojbCRoe h ap.) kb kohijí 80-xt. ro-
XOffB cbohmh A^&CTBiflMH cobcím* o6esBypaiBH.iH jepeBeHCBHXi neja-
roron. HepeAaBaa cboh hiboju kb ritafade AyxoBeHCTBa, bth seii-
CTBa rbwb csluuwi BuópacuBfiuaH sa (SoprB óhbhihxi cbohxi cra-
RSeHHHBOKB H „HepBUXl HpOBOAHHBOKB CB^Ta Bl HapOAHHfl MaCCLl".
^pysBfl HapoAHoft mBOJH noAHajiH BonpocB oÓt^ BMepHTypí AJfl ynn-
Tejeft, o HaA^JeHÍB mBora semneio h np. Ymnexs Ha nepBiixi
nopaxx cb Haxesxoft h ynoBaHiem npacjiymHBajHCb bx 9thítb yrfe-
mHTeJBHHlfB pt^aíTb, HO HOTOlfB BCBOpfi >6ÍAHJHCb B*B HX*B 6edHJOA-
hocth, MaxeyjH ea Bce pysofi, sasum manBy h bejidjih Ha ftbayio
j*w$, Kaní roBopHTCfl, — noniJH By^a rjasa rja^arB. 3a secarB j-Iti
Moero OTcyTCTBÚi, Ba^pu ofiesAOJieHHHXx y^Hiejieft, pa3yMteTca, chjibho
paspoomcB. HeMyapeHO, hto rojiOAHue jiioah, o6peMeeeHHue ceMMMH,
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280 BfcCTHHRl BBPOIIII. t
CTyqaroi hubí Booay: bi> ayxoBHue, vb necapa, bt, crothhrh r%
noiróniHRaiťB, bi JiícHtie croposa h np. JRbshl b-b AepeBH* nonua
MHMO HBXT>. MHOríe ÓpOCBJBCB B"B ropOjfB, HO rOpO#B H ÓeS* HHXl
nepenoJiBeHT, HHTejjuireHTHHMX npcueiapiaTOM*. Kyaa 6hjo toj-
BHyTBca ÓiAHOMy Hapo^HOMy yiHTe;iK>? Éro otipasoBarie, He jaB^mee
HHRaRHXi npaKB, bt» ropoji nocraBHJio ero Ha pajy cb qepHopa-
Óoihitb jkaoitb, a H$ROTOpua npBBuqRH, npiotip&TeHHiia sa Bpeiia
yqHTejBCTBa, Aftiajra nojroseirie ero cpe^n npocroro pa&raaro jioja
y6iftcTBeHBUMi>. Met juiiho hsbícthh cjyiaH (o fffeKOTopux* coo6-
ra,aiiocL a vt> neiaTa) hohhtrh HapoAHuxi y^nrejiefi npacTpoHTBca
b-b IlBTepfe. Ki qeMy npHBejH 9th nonuTKH? Eí^harb nimKoiTL,
6esi rpoma Aeeert, kojishh 6mjh BepHyrBca oreyw npenun, ytffe-
XHBHIHCB rOpBRHMl OnUTOlťB, TTO KB TOpOA^ H 6e31> HHXl MBOIX)
Hameru h ropa. A ohh, cb jliTCTBa npHBURmie si Tpyjy, Ópancb
3a Bce, ho hhyto He noMor.io. řaseni cootfnjajH ro*a Tpe Tony
Hasa#B, RaRi oahhi hsi y^HTeiefir, roHBMuft crpameoft Hysaofi, nu
Tajca HaHflTBca bi mBefin,apu, jiase bx janen, ho eny roraaci se
oTRasuBajiH, RaRx tojibro oÓHapysBBajocL, ito oh*b He npocrofi „My-
shri". Apyroft 6*AHaRi, ncnpoÓOBaB-B bc* cpexcrBa Haira ceófc
„noAiojamyio" cjysfíy, oape^jiH^ca bt> $aRe.iBiiuiRH; fb cboóo*-
Hoe Bpeiw oh*b 8aHHMajrca hhtroí no noRo&HHRawB...
9to oAHa dopoHa yiHTeJBCRaro Bonpoca. Ho ecrB h xpyraa,
em,e hbrímt* h hb^í, Rasem, He saTpoHyTaa. 9to yBOJieHHua yqn-
TejbHBijEj h ujkm yqHTe-aeft; bíjb hxb Tose aecaTRH thchtb, Bi
iHCJrb nocjÍAHHXt cjrfcxyerB croTaTB xbrei BOo6m,e Bcfexx y*irre-
jeft, a He tojibro yBOJeHHuxx, — nojyqHTca BecBMa BHymHTeuHaa
apma.
^JUT yBOJeHHHXX H BMÍK)n^HXX ÓHTB yBOJTCHHIIMH yHHlfelBHHIfB
oahhx ncxofb — Óojie hjh Mentě y*a*Hoe saiiysecTBO. HexypHaa
co(5oft iiojio^aa oco(5a bhxoahtb jib6o sa CBoero Rouery y^HTeJia,
jib6o sa ypaAHHRa, sa nacapa, HHor.ua a sa 6oraTeHaro RpecTLJi-
HHHa, ciiHa iiicroaro Ky.iaKa mjh RaRoro HHoro Tra,ecjiaBHaro bií-
pot^a, B3i» caiio^ypcTBa nosejaBinaro „ORpyreTB ciiHa a na 6ja-
ropo^Hofi. „y?HTejiBma tt 9 6y^B OHa coj^aTCBaa juma, b*b AepeBfft
Bce-TaRH noHHTaeTca ÓJiaropojiHofi, rocnosefi. Heqero h roBopHTB,
íto p^ako CHacrjrHBaa yqacTB Buna^aerL Ha aojiío noxoÓHoft 6ja-
ropo^Hoft seHBi. Ki> qepeoft paóorfe OHa HenpHBHiHa, cb CBe*
RpoBBH) h npoqiriiH ceMeflHBíMH MyjRa JiaxHTB He yiriterB, a rjaB-
Hoe— He napa Mysy. KaRoe cnaerBe TyTB! O^na RaTOpra. 0»tb
seHoft HysHRa — npes^e Bcero Ha^o CBUKHpbca cb mhcabk) b no-
6oaxt doax HBaHyio pyRy, o HaroBopaxt co cropoHíi CBeRpoen h
30joboki>, cb Mucjibio saÓHTB Bce npesHee: h JiH^Hyro CBOÓoxy, h
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AOMA. 281
xase naeKi, cb neieHbeirb, npnBeaeHHuarL asi ropová —
eAHHCTBeHHuiťB pasBJíeqeHieiťB ÓfyiHOfi yqBTejBHHipr, Hajo npBBtiK-
ByTb, Kt qepHOMy Tpyay, »btb cb leJOBiRoiix ciyqaňHO nocJiaH-
Hmrb cyABfioK) h em,e CHHTaTb ero cbohmi cnacHTejieirB ort hb-
meTu... BtAHflSRa naxHerL h cxoahtl vl npe&AeBpeMeHHyR) mo-
raiy, hbbímx ee oiuiaRaHHaa.
HeifHoro ciacrBfl BuftTH n sa CBoero 6paia y^Hxeaa.
yiHTejbCKifl js/km — caMtift aHureifi, HeciacTHiift juoxb, OflHHa-
kobo cuhobba b jioiepn. HnnieHCRifi pasM&pi yHHTeJLCBaro cojep-
ssaHifl He nosBOJaert onjy aoti> cbohmi j&rawb xotb RaRoe-m-
6yAi» oÓpasoBame; nocjrfeflHee 3aRaH<iirBaeTCfl b*b to& ae HaiuB-
Hoft hikojí, rtffe npenoAaera cain> yiirrejiB. OraBmn noApocrRaMH,
jám yqHTeja BUHyaR^eHu duatboi Óesi aiuia b* aepeBHŠ h <5pe-
MeHHTB meio CBoero poAHTejia. HHsaRnxi peMecii bi flepeBfffc, qiii-B
<5n mofb npnsaHflTBCfl yiHTejiBCKift cejht>, ee HMiercfl, OTBeara bx
ropo#B cpeacTB* whvb, &a n Ryaa ero Tam iipncrpoHiB? ,flj-
xoBHoe ymaame — eflHHCTBeHHoe yqpe»Aenie, *yw Hapo£HH& yra-
tcjb, CKpína cepjme, em,e Moatera cyHyTB CBoero cuea. A ecjB
cjiy^BTCfl BTopofi, to ci tímt> yae pšmnTeJibHO jtfiBaTBCfl HeRyxa:
eoxepsaTB abohxx eMy ho no cpeACTBam,; totl h sebctb TaR*
npo omi: xoahtb Ha oxoiy, y^Hra pn6y, npHCjysHBaen y nona
ajH noMimHEa, ecjiM TaROBofi bi aaHHOfi mícthocth HMieTca. ító
AajBme <5y*era cb bthitb mojoahbtb qejlOBiiRoiťB, He HMÍiomHirB,
Kára roBopHTca, hh Koja, hh XBopa, hh Majiaro SHBOia, hh jase
Rio^Ra semni? yraTejiB — hcjiobíri oÓHRHOBeHHO npHnuiufi, KHBen
no nacnopTy, He coctoa ueHOiťB ifšcmaro cejBCRaro otímecrBa;
BHa^BTB, h ero chhobb* Toate aojhrhu sbtb no nacnopTy, <5htb
ncnpaBHHKH HjeHaifn otfnjecTBa, 6esi npaBa Ha seiiejiBHuft Haxftra.
y^HTenK) npexocraBJífleTCfl pacnopasaTsca cb jv&tbmh yai BaRi orb
TairB xown>... OtfmecTBO sa hbxt> He OTBfercrByerB. Ey^B cb hhmh,
htí) Cy^eTi. Oicio^a craHOBHTCfl noMTHa pa^ocrB JJofiOBa, hto cuhi.
ero nepBtiirL bi» xyxoBHOirB y^Bjam,*. „^opora npaMO ri MWy*,
roBopHTB JI060KB npo 9to yqB.iBme; a xo6paBniHCB ao xjiióa bos-
mosho, <rro cuHt He ociaBHrB Óesx xjfcóa h cbokcb poxHTejefi b
cecrpeHKy.
He Jiyqme no^oseHie n yiirrejiBCRoft ^o^epn. Hadfl JIoÓOBa,
no MoeMy mhíhíio, npeACTaBjflera coóofi en^e H^eajt yneTejBCRofi
AOiepa, xoTfl h aobojbho TaRH ne^aJBHaro ofipasa: oHa He oyna,
He cobcíitb HeB^secTBeHHa, npHTOWB ero,e mierh h BUfflBBaeTi, T.-e.
8apa6aTUBaeTi ce&b xji4(5x Hacyra,HHft. Ho sto saxoqera seHHTBCfl
Ha Kpyrjoft óesnpB.a.aHHBn.í, ^a en^e HecnocofieoS hh m> RaRofi pafiorfc
h BAOÓaBOKx npHBURmeft r*b nafiKy, ói.iopy^Ki? HroiROfi BecB bíbi
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282 BfcCTHHKB EBPOIIH.
He nposHBemB. lípa BBiCopi seHHxa xorepn ymneM npaxoAHTca roh-
KyppHpoBaTb tojbro <zb yiHTejiBHHijaMH, BOTopiifl eme pasBirrbe ea
h onuTHie, h6o Ra&x&fl nst hhm rx*-HH<5yx& xa rioyq&aacB h
sála caifOCTOflTejiBHOH) hh3Hbk>, Tara ito h w 8to& norori sa
aseHHXOMx xoiepB ywrejia npexcroirrB ÓopBÓa HepaBHas. Hacra
JIoÓOBa He bhcbtb Bceqbio Ha meí OTn,a: iiaTB Buyqaja ee Roe-
raiiy h OHa Kb HHBixi ciyqaax* BupyqaerB h caiioro onta; ho
eerB x$BymR&, pfefflHTejteo Hiraero He yirfciomia cxluaTB. Hapox~
buř yHHTejib fb (JojiBmHHCTBÍ csyqaeBi seHHTca Ha oiyialHoft He-
b£ct£: arón^Horafe, sacHAfomefica nonoBHft, abhkobobbí, samé se
Bcero Ha xoiepn crapoft MaTymKH-npocBHpen Tóro npnxoxa, rx*
owb y^HTejBCTByen. flfihEnti woro poxa hh rb ieify bi shbhh He
npiyiaiOTCfl, spoMi cotopaHia rpHtiOKB h arox* bi jíthboío nopy,
xa TaHitara no npasxH&HHHirB xmitb. Oh* kb 6ojn>maHCTB* ciy-
naeBi xase m&io rpaMorau, ecra He cobcí&tb 6esrpaMOTHH. íeiiy
MO&erB HayuTB noxoÓHaa iwtb cbok) xosb? Bh&xa sa ywTeaa, ia-
aaa ocotia coBepmeHHO pacnycaaeTCfl: chhtb no ii&seimi xhjutb,
nosa Myši saHHMaeTca b-b mEOJi; o&HBjaeTCfl cynpyra yTOrejw
tojbro Torxa, Korxa noaBHTca y Hea Ha cbítb 9 nueHBKiĚ tf ; cb
Rasx^ifB hobiim-b peÓeHROKB OHa osHBJtaeTCfl 6ojBme h ÓojiBme;
ho 8to osHBJíeHie npoHBjflerca b-b Tanofi opHnraajiBHoft $opirb, hto
He xy»e, ecjrafoi oho h He npojBiajocB. y^mejEma HawHaera
Cb TOK), STO BOpOTRO SHaROMHTCfl CO BCÍMH HIROJBHHBaMH H HX*B
ceMefiHHMH. HsyiHBx kb totoocth 9totb npexMero, yiHTeJBina 06-
jaraen. bc£x* HairfraeHHircB x^efi CBOeotfpasHoft xaHBH), KOHeiHO,
He ofosaTejBHoft, b-b bhx* npocBÓH, ho npocBÓa 9Ta Biipasaerca
vl Tasofi (ftopirb, hto He hchojihhtb ee 61110 6h Heyxofao aja
yian^Hxcfl, xa h npocHTB yqHTejBnrfe ocotieHHo He npHXOXHTca, xo-
eraToqHO HaMeaa. Pyccnift npocTOtt i&iobííkb juoúwrb „(taaroxa-
Phtb* sa Bcanifi nycTARi: ÓjaroxapurB orb nncapa, (5jaroxaparB
ypaxHHRa, rocnoxHHa HcnpaBHHRa, eraHOBoro, ^eJB^mepa, a RaK*&
ywrejui He noÓJaroxapaTB? Bo-nepBUXT», yqHTeJiB ero He oÍHataeTB,
yqHTeJB oóywen yiiypasyiiy ero napHHinKy, xa rojih noHaxoÓHTca,
Tast n cobítl bchríě xopomifi npenoxacrB. H Tam,ffPB Mysun
hjh nociwaeTL cb rímx yimejíK) Bce, qiiii 6orara owl kb to
hjh xpyroe Bpeiffl roxa: shmo& mojoko, nacio, CMeraHy, hhbo hjh
6pasRy r*b npasxHHRy; BecHoft flfiija, oceHBK) HOBHHRy BRJX>urejiBHO
xo „hobh". „Yai tojbro tu napHHfflKy-TO Moero Tóro, ho xaBaft
bojh, jh>6htb Óa^OBaTBCfl, osophhki! Haqero, xopomeHBRO axas%.
GnacHÓo CRa»y a , npocarB My»HRi sa CBoero cuea. He ssars
9Toro xoípoxoTHaro npHHomeHia SHanHTB rpobho o6hx%tb MyauiKa.
KoHe^HO, 9th, Ha nepBuft Bsrjrax*, xotfpoxoTHua upaHomema, Hejt3a
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AOMA. 283
csasaiB, btoÓh a&imbcb yasi cobcímt, 6esi bcíkbxb saAHHX*
wacjiefi. Kskb hh npocrB Ham* itysHRi, ho y»x He Tasí h 0711%,
woťSu spa OTAaBETb opanacu, ROTopurB y Hero HHRorAa ocotiaro
Haunma He ÓHBaerB, — hpbhocbtb 6ea*B Bcasaro yinicja. Ufab
BCfiBHK npHHomeHifi OAHa: saAotípaTB Hysaaro qejorfraa. y^HTejia
nepBaro npirciiBa BOSMymajiBCb doaoÓhíjmb uorxoa&uu MyaseBOBb
ipisso OTsa3iiBajiHCB otb oxt npHHomeHifi, ccusaacB Ha to, vro
ohh noayqaiorB sa CBoft TpyA* sajOBaHBe h ro bcémb aítaitl ot-
HOcaTca oAHHasoBO 6esnpH€TpacTHO. HhoS y?HTeJB b* saKJioqeeie
jtfuajL npHHOCHTeJH) BtiroBopi sa ero HeAotfpoe HaMipeme noA-
BynBTB yqHTejfl, a*tb eMy, HecrHOMy ^eJOBiay, BSflTsy. Meorie
HCspeHHO noTOBTB npocaTB yiHTeja ho BBBicsaTb cb hbxb sa npo
crory: „noroMy kskb bc6 Óepyr-B, h Aaae poiprca, esem w> npn-
flecemB He no BRycy. Be.iarb nepeirfiHHTB. y»* tu npocrH, rojh
ne rpeCyemb, a Tasí, no npocrorfe CBoefi raynoft". 3a to Rasi ohb
pajB h AOBOJeHB, esejiH y*HTeaB He norHymaeTca ero xjiitóoirc-ctaiBio
i saftAerB kb Heiiy! Mv&bkt, He sHaerB, nyAa h nocaAHTB xopororo
rocnr, TfeirB yron^aTB ero, sasia caoBa roBopaTb npn HeMi. Ha
jpyroft a6hb era,e npHAera (taaroAapiiTB 8a nocímeBie, b yaa* Tyn,
HmtaiTB He orofoeniBca, ^to6h He npHHaTB neBRa, ÓpaatRH, roto-
paa BHepa y Hero npoÓOBajix h noxBajHJTB... OcRopÓjaiOTca OTRa-
30MB y^eieja AepeBeHcaie RyjaRH h Booóme MÍCTHaa seaTB, ase-
jaromaa noRpoBmejBCTBOBaTB y^HTeaio. OcRopÓirrca, ROHewo, h
npocTOft MysHRi, RorAa HeonuTHufi yqeTeJB oTBepmero npeHomeHie
Heyidio, vb p*3Rofi <|k>pm4, oíhahoS am npuHecmaro. OnuTnue
y^HTeia He Ópain npHHomeHifi, ho h He ccophjihcb cb HysHRaiiH.
B&AB HecyrB tojbro tíitb, rto tfeperB. Jlyqmie bs-b yraTejieft no-
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otiasanHOCTB cjiysenia HapOAy* Y^HTejia nosAHifimaxi BbinycKOBx
BHinjH yxe cb Apyroi saRBacROfi h Ha CBoe a^o CMOTparB ro-
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HHiero Apyroro, Eponi xopomaro h npB<5ujibHaro W& bxt» xosa&CTBa.
3aícb OAHaRO HejiBsa He csasaib hícrojbro cjobt* h bt» sa-
qny hoao^hbxi y^BTeJBCRaxi seHi, npoMum.iflíoin.BXB noóopaMH.
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Et TaBHMl 8BCTpeHHHMT» MÍpaMX ftjfl HOHOJHeHia CBOerO X03flfiCTBa
opaĎiraiorB He ctojbro mT> KoptiCTHaro ^yBcrea, crojbro b*b BHjy
hxi> Bpafiae ÓíflCTBeeHaro cymecrBOBama. Ha 15 — 20 pytfjeft
MHO & npBXOAHTCfl KOpMHTB H OA^BaTB MHOrOMCJieHHyK) CeilbH). „ÍTÍ)
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ofb HdÓEiTBa RaByiO'HH<5yAB BpHHKy MO.iOKa, napoHBy rap?" (B*ab
y Apyrnxi Bcer^a npeACTaBMeTca hbÓhtorb, cb KoropBim*, nosa-
Jiyfr, Aaae Hesy^a h AisaTBca). He yiwpaTB se craTB cb a&tbmh.
HyseHi yqHTejib, TaRi nycRaft h coAepsarB RaRi> criiAyeTB, a ne
BnporojOAb. ítí) CA*aaeniB Ha 15 pyÓJieft!"
KaRi BHaTb, (5htb MO&erB, npesAe y&m-b bxoahtb homhuo
Mysa Bii pncROBaHHoe corjameeie cb KpecTbfleaMH Ha cnerb xo-
6poBOJBHiax'í> npHHomeBifi, HHaa (HjAHasRa crojbro My<uuiacb,
CTpaaaja, pa3cq0THBa.ia, ao cjies-b ToproB&sacB cb nocraBin.HRaMH
npoBBsiH, sanjBmaa RasAHft rpomi hsi iiysHHHa sapatfoTBa. Mysx
HHqero BToro He 3HaerB. Tyn. se hphxoahtb 6a6i Ha yiix e
Apyroft pesoHi: $e.BBAniepHxa, nonaABa ÓeperL, ypaAHHiHxa, craHO-
BHxa — He ^eTa hmx, a bcíj Óepyra; OTHero eft, (%aho& y^HTeJMirk,
He B3ATB, MOpHTB A*THmeRB 6e31, MOJIOÍta? H BOTB, TOJBRO-HTO MySfe
AORasHB&tTB 6e3HpaBCTBeHHOCTB BcaBHXi npeHomemfi, TaRi Rasi
Ohi sa CBOfi TpyA* nojyqaen, sajOBaHBe, a Ha Kyxei seHa cb
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efi. KoeeHHO, npOA^Rn sth ne Bcerja yAaiHO cxoAara cb pyrct
c oÓeaRypaseHHHft cynpyrB pBerB Ha ce6i bojoch h CpaeHTB
6%AHyH>* CafieHRy. Bo3paseHÍa ÓeBMOAHu. Jlyraie MOjraa cHecrH He-
3aciyseHHBie nonpesH b* rpixaxt, coa^hhhxi He no xoípoft ea
BOJÍ.
Bot-b bi RaROfi cpeai, OMyrt npoTHBopfrrift, BupocraerL yw
TejBCRaa AO^Ra. Hacra JIoÓOBa (5ujia eiu,e ciacr.iHB$e Apyrax*.
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roa^bh, ^eiiy oÓy^HJia h ao^b cbok). Y hhxi 6ujia mBeftHaa Ma-
fflBHa (npHAaHoe KaTepHHH HuKOjaeBBu). MaTb cb AO^epBio BcerAa
hmíjih aapafioTORi a oÓxoahjbcb Óesi no6opoBB^ abhijxb h Tafi-
hhxi. PyROA^Be, nepeHAToe Hacrefi y MaTepH, onysa HOAcnopBeMi
bi> ceML*, BMtcrfe cb rhwb cnacajio h ee canyro otb ryÍHTejBHaro
6e3AÍJBfl. íími saHBTu pyRH tíxi yHnrejiBCRHXi £0?epe&, roto-
pum He^eify 6lijo HayHHTBca y cbohxx Maiepefi? ^epeBeHcaaa shshb
co bcSmh ea paAoeraMH h ne^ajaiiH hactb mhmo hdxx, hhcrojbro
hx*b He RacaacB, oÓxoAa hxx bcíitb, ht6 HecerB npociaa cejBCRaa
SH3HB BCtlfB HpOWlťB A^ByHIRaifB HX*B BOBpaCTa. H30 &BSL Vb JlfiEb
CBAarb bth iiyqeHHi^u ÓesÁt-iBa AOMa y ORHa sa RaRofi*Ha6yAB ny-
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flOMA. 285
CTflmHoft pa6oToft, bi po^b ihhrh Ci-iba h np., h HanfoaBorB
rpyCTHIJfl niCHB, BEHHTaHHUfl HME H3T> KHH&eKB, JIHÓO CJffUHiaH-
hus ea Be^epaHKaxx, hjh no^cjiymanHua y KpemflHCBHXi A*By-
meicB jítomi Ha paÓOTaxi, jhóo bx npasAHHBi Ha JiysafiKÍ, Aa
MUHKaWTB Ha rapMOHHB*, eAHHCTBeHHOHl AOCTyHHOMl UWb HHCTpy-
neHr6. BbjBth hjtb HeKysa, hoSth eb coc&Ay He sa iÍm*. Oco-
6eHHO mhjsfiLeTb m% Tocaa 3hmo8, bt> Aoarie SHMHie Beiepa: jt&-
toitb eme mosho hoSth na pftiKy, b*b jt&cb — sa rpnÓaMH, 3a aro-
AaMB, b-b nojie — noÓojrraTB saécb cb A*BymKaMH, noyHHTBca y hhx*b,
pa*a myTKH, pa(5oT&, bía& cepBesHO hítl ijíjh yqHTBca: Bce paBHO
paÓOTaTb Her^i, asi HafiMH hath ho yiofieo yqHT&iBCKOft AOiepa:
OHa noqBTaeTca HaíepeBHi 6aptiraHefi-6iwiopyqKoa,— -cmíatboi cra-
HyrB. 3hmo& HesyAa bíjSth, ne sa hto bsatbca h paAH myTKH,
noTOMy-HTO h caMHiťL BpecTMHCKHM* A^BymBairB bt» 9Ty nopy Tose
noqTH A^aTb Heiero. Toabbo h saHaria, hto npasa, hoa* Becny —
TKaHse.
A 20Tb 6-ÍAHoft A*BymK^ xoieTca, xowrca ciama, xotb
Kaaoro-HHÓyAB... Ho yBH, bca shshb — BÍraaa, AOÓpoBOJiBHaa
TiopbMa, h HHKaKofi naAe»AH na CBOÓOAy. Bcaaaa saTBopHHi^a
SAerB kt» ce<54 Ha aBy h bo chí ptmapa-ocBOÓOAHTe^a, BOTopuft
npHAerB ki Heft Hsi-sa TpHAeBara seiiejiB...
KorAa a, norocraBi AOMa, CHOBa ott&sswb bx IleTepÓyprB,
GeAOpi IleTpOBHTB, npon^aacB co mho&, roBopaji:
— Hnaojiania, npyn mo& cepAeraiift, hoxjiohow, Óparo, Taire
n IlHTepi-TO, HftiBsa jih Kaa-B-HHfiyAB npacTpoHTB Hacno. Bnxy,
crpaAaerB, MyTOTca, cepAeTOaa, tombtca aaRi HTH^sa vb kj^tkí,
coxflen>, yMepaerb cx tockh, a homoib HeiiíMi. HoMora, Apyn>>
A*BBa cjiaBHaa, noeaTJiHBaa, cepAeiHaa... Bše* He satfyAy.
i& sarjiaeyjx vb xmifl Moeiiy Apyry. KpynHua, Kára roponraHH,
CJesM KaTejHCB no ero cypoBOMy JiHijy.
H. Cokojiobx.
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H3T> EOPHCA *)
i.
KI> HIOTJIAHfllH.
Moe cepwe hc 3í*cb, iioe cepwe He 3a*cb.
Moe cepame bt> EIoTJiaH/uH ropHoft,
Ha oxorfe jraxofi sa floótneft shbo&
H b% nopoflt sa jauBH) npoBopHoft.
H *y/ia fo hh ymejx a otx sbshh po*Hoft,—
Cepwe tfyaera bx niouraHAm ropHofi!
O, inoTjaH^ia, ropu, o, CÍBep*, npomafi!
Th — OT^H3Ha OTBara h necra!
1^4 ($1 HH CTpaHCTBOBaJTB fl, HO CT» TOtfOK), MO& Kpaft,
ByjerB cepAu;e iiotfoBHoe bmíctí.
O, npomafiie bii, chíshíia ropu moh,
ropa, nojiHua ijapcTBeHHOfi Momn,
H rpeMyHHXi Mmeft rojyóua crpyn,
H jyra, h KOCMaTua pome!
Moe čepme He saIjcb, Moe cep^e He sašcb,
Moe cep;me bx UIouiaHAie ropnofi,
Ha oxorh JHxofi 8a floóuseft jmboA
H bi noroH* sa cepHofl npoBopHoft,
H Ky*a fo hh ymejri a otb jkhshh po^HOfi, —
Cepjwe Cy^erB b*b EGoTiiaBjuH ropHofi.
*) Bi ídj* Tesymaro roja HcnoíHaeTca croiirie co BpeiieHH CMepra mma.
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HSl BOPHCÁ. 287
II.
RSLOWb JI*IMEHHOE-3EPHO.
Bajia.ua.
Pa31> TpH BOCTOIHBIXI KOpOJfl,
IlpOCJiaBJíeHHIJXl, flaBHO, 9
Rjjlihcb, mx> 6y&erb MepTBHirB Asohb
i&qifeHHoe-3epHo.
Ohh, BsptiBi seMJK), hs nero
CbíUIHJH KOITB 8eMJH.
„MepTBX ^kohb A^MeHHoe-3epHo! tt
RjIflJBCfl KOpOJB.
BecHa noBiaja cb Hetfeci,
Ha seHJiio aokab ynajii.
rjia^B, ^ffioex J9[qMeHHoe*3epHO
081- no#* semen Boacraii.
BoscTara ei Aocaa* Kopcieft!..
íim aapie eojfHip Jiyix,
TtlTB TOJime OHI, 1*11* Kp£n?e OHI,
Tím Óo.ibine obtl MoryYB.
E BOTL, meTBHOfi BOníft OH*B
On> AepsKHxi. orpas^eHi.
Ho oceHB MHpHaa opnnua.
Ohi, spfo, cTajtrB Ójíahítb.
Ocjafe, corayjica, HSHeMorB...
Hy, npoero aajiB cmotpítb!
íto aeHB — ĎojfefleHHie iíbítb.
Ohi cb Ka&AtiwB flHeinb apaxjri&ft,
BparH BOcnpBHyjH ohutb
OŤqaflHH^fi H sj&i.
OpyjKBeMB nary6HHMi» ohh
CkOCHJB THÓRÍft CT&Why
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288 racTHEK* ebpouh.
H, Kast iiomeHHHsa, crpetfjia
m Bi Teatry hoxb apítara.
OhH BCK> 8JIOCTB CBOK) Ha TOM*
IIobhÓmh ayfoeifB,
IIotomt, no BÍTpy TaK-B h cara
EpocajH BBepxi jbijoitb.
H rpy(5o bt, p^Bt cb BO^ofi ero
3aTHCKaJIH OHH.
TaMi, ^koh* ÍIiMeHHoe-3epHo,
Xotb HJiaBafi, XOTB tohh.
Orryfla Ha hoj*b H3B.aeKJiH,
^Tofo MyiHTb bi CBoft ^epea*,
H lyrs obi tojilko oaHBaat, —
> TpenajH Bsa^-BnepeA^.
H HscyniHJie Ha orafc
Becb Mosn ero Roerefi.
HO 34Ífl BCfcťB MeJIBHHKli: OH*B AaBHJTB
Ero Mesi wyxfc RaMHeft.
RpoBB cepjn;a Biraajra y Hero,
H dhjih bcí ee.
mbwb ÓOJiBme ne ji a, tím-b ínufet
KasajocB hicb SHTBe.
Bí^b ^soh*b &iMeHHoe-3epHO
Bujvb pimapB h repofi.
Kto RpoBB oTBéíaeTB ero,
Totb (SyflerB cmíui aymofi.
OHa safiBeme aaporB
Pí B08BiimaerB ayxi,
H cepjme BAOByniKH cbbosb cjresi
3airfm> 8acTaBHTB B&iyxi.
TaBl BllOHTB HaM-B, Apy8B*, HOffB 3BOKB
OraRaHOBi He rpiraoo
3a TO, ^TOĎl KHJTB BO B*M OHI
Bi po^Hofi IIIoTjaHAiH, HanrB ^soh*
fl™eHHoe-3epHo!
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H3T> BOPHCA. 289
III.
mony AHflEPcoHy.
ftjBOHt AHAepCOHX, MOft MBJIHfi!
Korja comjHCb mu, ^jboht*,
Teofi bojoci rycrB (Suji, qepero
H jkXíb He Hcnempeex.
Tenepb tu, #*oh*, dají jhcumi,
TboA bojocl ocetaeHi).
Ho 6yff> 6jarocjOBeei> oht>,
Asohb ÁHAepCOHX, iiofi ^SOHl!
Asohi ÁH^epcoHi, Apyra ciaBHuft,
B^BOeMx mu bi ropy nwir
H MHoro XHeft Beceaux*
Mu bm£ct& npOBejifl.
Tenepb iijera mu khbsv.
IIoft^eMi BABoeMi noxb crjohi
H tsmi ycHeMt mu bmíct*,
^SOHl ÁH^epCOHl, MOfi ^fcOHt!
IV.
OTPHBOKt.
B* dojí 6poxH.il a Beqepaeft nopofi.
Kojocb MexaTB ysi xj&Óa ea*HHajH.
dut noMe^TaTb a iioai CBiaefi jbctboS
ApeBHaro AepeBa.. Rl Mop» ófcsajH
CTaparo 9fipa erpya... Hajo mboB
Aesift BHTiOTeHb croHaji HenpepuBHO
H sa xojimomx, eaA*i> sepRaasHofi piKofi
Btopbjio 9xo eMy sayHUBHO.
Tom IV.— Id», 1896. 19
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290 BftCTHHKB EBPOHU.
V.
flOEPHE CTAPHE TO^H.
y&ejib mu saÓyxeMi sHaROMCTBO 6ujioe,
He BcnoMHHifB mu BpeMfl cbo6oah?1
yseJB mu safiyAeirB aeaKOMCTBO fouoe
H aofipue CTapue roflu!
Xopx.
SI 3Haio, th namy oxotbo noAHHMemB
3a AOÓpue CTapne roAu.
H 3BOHKO mh wKHeMCfl lamaMH ApysÓu •
3a Ao6pue crapue roAu!
Ob ToCoft no sejieHuifB xojMarc mu pftsBHUCB
H Tam MaprapaTKH cótrpara.
Ho AOÓpue CTapue roAH npoMqaincB
H mu yxi nopaABOMT> ycraJiH.
Mu BM ř bcrfe ci to6oh) bi pyqbi ÓyjrruxajHCB,
Eesne^HUfl a*th cboóoah.
Teneps Meaay HaMH, icaKi Mope mapoKO,
JleataTii HeB03BpaTeue roAu.
Ho a Te64 pyKy qpesi hhxi Dpocnapaio.
Cboh) »ft. 3a6yAeMi HeBsroflu
H APyatHO mu BunseM^ ora iiicraro oepffla
3a Aotipue ciapue roAu!
3a AOÓpue crapue roAu, Mott mhju8!
3a Aotípue CTapue roAu.
DoAHHMeMi mu namy Hesu6jieMOfi Apy»6u
3a AoGpue CTapue roAH!
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HKB BOPHCA. 291
VI.
nAMflTH M9PH.
U03AHflfl 3BÍ3AOqKa <ZB ÓďhflHHMl* CÍHHBeOT,
HtoHO BcrpfraaemB tu yipa sapio,
JífiEh B03B*n^aa, Kor^a a cn> pu^aneMi
Mapn yTpaTWB mok).
Mapn, rojyÓRa! Raní tíhb tu nponaja.
TaÍ si oóp&jia tu noRofi b*b satfuTBH?
Bhahihb m, Katr* Meea otopte* ncrepsua?
OjlUmHDIB JIH B8XOXB MOH?
Atb, He 8a6y&y a naci totl CBameHHuft!
Bt, pontfi, rjfc Bfipt n3BHBajicJj, Kast 8MÍfi,
BCTpbTHJHCB MU Wfl JIK>6BH HeiSM^HHOft,
BCT{rfeTHJHCl» CB MdpH MOeft.
I^&ia* bímoctb He cspoerB, peBHya,
IlaMaTi) o hhctuxi BOCTopraxx JllOÓBH,
Oóparo TBofi vl cjiaxocTHufi MHra noitfuyfl,
OfitTJUe B8opu tbohI
Atb, ho iiorjiH mu cb tocbok) nemiBHOft
JljMaTB, TTO TOTB HOltfuiy& ÓBMB nponiaiBHuft.
dftpi iv&iOBajrB óepera CBoft KaMeHHCTuft,
3ejieHBK) pomi ocíeeHHuft KpyroMi.
Tanx 6oaptiffleHBx cb 6epe30fi AymHCTOfi
HunrauMi cnjieTajiHCB bíbromt>.
3Bajin ijbIjth Ha CBameHHOe aose,
IIthij.u jiioÓobb BOcn&BaiH jm Hac*.
ToďBRO satfwB se Tasí csopo, o, Bose,
.HenB totb cnacTJHBuft noracL?!
TaMT» Moa naMATB yHUJO (faysflaerB,
Cepwe TpeBOsa moc
BpeMfl Jiafflb cMy ea yKpiiiLUieTi...
19*
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292 BfcCTHHRT. EBKHIbl.
TaKi 6uctpot€hhu8 dotoicl yrjyÓMera
TeMHoe pycjo cboc
Mdpii, rojyÓKa, BaKt t4hb tu nponaja.
T/jb ai oópfcaa tu noRott b-b saóuTbH?
Bhjhiiil jh 9 KairL MeHfl cRopfib Herepsajia?
CjHHIHniB JIH B8JOXH MOH?
VIL
MOE CEP^IJE BOJirTB.
Moe čepme Óojotb. Giesti faemyrB bx rjasax*.
Áx*b, jaBHO moh) paiocTB pasBÍajo fe npara!
fl Ria^y CBoe 6peMa, jpysbflMH saóiirb,
H HiraBe cocrpaxaHBe moí ciyxi ne shbhtb.
O, jiio6obb! Tu cjajuca, — * rjiy6oRo jhoóhjtb.
O, jh)6obb! Tu ropBRa, — * bcio jope% hchhj*.
KpOBBK) cepjme pasÓHToe Bce bsohmo.
Bjbsro BpeMfl noKoa... Caopte <5h nuo!
O, sarism se, šatám, Rorja ctoct.ihbi Chjpb a,
Rb samcy, R* MMOMy cepíny He mero bjojb pyquif
Tam ÓjyajaerL h rpesHTB, rpycra 060 mh$,
Ta, KTO CB&TJTEI& DOROft npHHeCJa 01 Bl THIBHHŠ.
vin,
CPEflH KOJIOCBEBt OTMEHfl.
Xopi.
KaRi xoponm hom psaHiia!
KaKt cb£xh, aeieHii Memň!
Mh4 He 8a6lITB daCTJHBOft HOTO,
Korja fl cb 9bh Cbotb bo pan.
Bi hohb, HaRaHyHŠ ahh IleipoBa,
Korja nojw Rpacoft dojhh,
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Hra bophcá. 293
íl nyTL 4,epacajn> si npejecreoft 9hh
lípa crtrb JiacKOBoft jyeu.
*IacH JiertjH He8airf*THO,
Pa3CBÍTB racejrb HeóecB orea,
H yóiAHJt ee Jierso a
IIofiTH CO MHOK) KB fl<IMeHH.
Caffbio He6o. CMOUHy-ira BirrepB,
H MÍcaiVL jacBOBO cbíthjtb,
H cl qacTUMT. iiomucjiowb a 3bh
C* co6ok) pflAOMi noca^HJi.
Ee judÓhjtb a ótasaBfrreo!
JIioÓHja h oea MeHfl,
H n.taoBajT, ee a AOJro
CpeAH KOJOCBeB* aweH*.
íl sa&iioqHJi ée fb ofeaTBa,
JI Becb ropfera, saRx on ořu...
BjarociOBeHHo Ójab to mícto
CpeAH BOJiocbeBi aweHa!
Jíyea h sbíhau óluh apBH.
CffbTHJaCB HO^B, KHKt yTpO ftfla.
HosbI ByAB h tu tfjarocsoBeHoa
CpeAH KOJOCbeBTb a<meHa!
fiuja nopa: a hhjtb cb aptsbamh
H BeceJiHJCH h ryjaji,
II AeHbrn sarpeóajs, h a**o
Ceóa cqacTJHBUM^ noqHTajt.
Ho cpeAB óeaneqeux* HacnasAeflitt,
Bx ayini MHHyBraee xpaHfl,
Jí 8HaJTB, TO) BCe AOBOJBCTBO 8TO
He ctďhtb ho^h ao pascB^Ta
CpeAH KOJiocbeBt aweHa!
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294 BftCTHEKb EBPOIIfcl.
IX.
KI> rOPHOfl MAPrAPHTKfc,—
BiiPBAHHoft niyroro Bl aup*i*.
MafflOTKa, CBpOMHElfi U.BÍTHKT, MOft,
Tu mhí nonaicfl bt» tocb JiHzofi;
51 AOJaeHi noryósrb coxofi
# Tbo& cretiejeKB b* hhjih.
JI He cnacy otb CMepTH sjioř
TeÓfl, o, nepra seium!
yBH, BÍJB a He TBOft COC&XB,
ToBapHmi-awtBpoHOEi... O, h4t%!
Te6í He hphtohhtb okb BpeffB,
GrHÓaa CTefajieKi,
Kor^a, B8BHBaflCb 9 nuen. hphbítl
Ha nypnypHHft boctokb.
MoposHufi Bfrrepi aio nojjyjrB;
Ha paHHÍft TBOft BOCX(UT> AOXHyjTB,
Ho tu npeBecaio BSTJiaBy.n
Ha 6ypa h TyiiaHi,
H poÓKO kb Bepxy npoTAHyxB
CboS BtaRHuB xpynKifi crani.
He CHecTB Tóro ijBÍTaMt caftOBi!
XpaurF htb erfrou, cíhb Aepero.
Tetfb-»B sameTOfi otb BfrrpoBi
CiyqafiHO Baiiem 6hm.
YKpaCHJTB OHI SHHBBe xjri&CoB*
Oahhi h rpycrao mm*.
B*B HOKpOKB CBOft npOCTeHBBÍfi OflfeTB,
TpyxB pacnaxHyBí Ha cojmja cstn*,
Tu Ha Tenjo ero kb otb4tb
TojOBKy npHaoAHfijrB.
Ho botb cohihbbb npoBexB CBOft ca***
H tu bo upaxx ymurB.
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B8B BOPHCA. 295
TaKOBX HeBHHHOCTH yjlfcjLT,:
D,BÍTOK1,, flHTII nOJiefi, C03P&TB,
Ho npocTOTOfi jiíoÓbh yctiixL
BBeCTH ffb OÓMaHl MOTTU.
Oua jepuvra, Tasí poifB Bati&ix,
IIopyraHa, Kam tu.
TasoBi h TBOft yA&Hb, irfcBeijT,:
Th kb OKeaHx jhoackhxx cepaeiVB
CBoe, HeomiTHiift njOBeiii,
HanpaBHJii Hayrajx.
y^aparB bojhu, h soHei^i!
Ha aho Te6a yiraarb.
TaKOBi> AocToftHaro yaiurB,
Tóro, kto 8jio ryÓHTb xorfcix,
HO CaM«B OTL 8JUTCB SHTe&CBlUUb CTpfcďB
BepmHHy <í6#b nosH&ro,
Eto KpoMi He6a He hii&fb
Hh bi komtb Apyseft h nam.
TaKOBX, neqajiBHHBT* o n.BiTfťh,
H tboí yafoi HeB^ajeKi:
Coiiihhbi wb 6e3TpeneTHOfi pyích
HxeTB Ha TBOfi IJBÍ1TOKB
H, hmi pasflaBjeHHiift, Bt tockíj
Tíi CBoft y3Haemb pora!
X.
KI> MHIEKfc —
BMftCTO OT» rH*3AOMT> BHBPOIUEHHOfi DJiyrOMt HA 3EMJOO.
TpyciHBEift, rjiaAeHBKifi sfffcpoKx,
3aiinrB, Aposa, tu Ha yTesi
B&2SHIHB CO BCÍXX MUHIHHUXl HOPB
DpOHB OTB M6HJJ CB SHJbeitb?!
S. &b 6ujit> secroKB, Kor.ua 6u mopb
rp08HTB Te6fc CKpeÓBOlťB.
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296 BftCTHHRl BBPOHU.
Kára rpycrHo Met, ito yirB JnojCROft
Pa36n.11 npepoAii Apy&Huft crpofi
H onpaBAa.ix hhctbhktl xhboě,
BorHaBmifi bx crpaxi Tefo.
Upe^x v&mi! Bfcjb a TOBapsovb tboď!
Kára th, bí^b CMepTeei a!
Qycrb th Bopyerab HHorja.
Ho hto si noafcjaenib?.. Hyaua!
YRpaCTb Se ROJOCb H3T» CKapja
Bija He BejHKa.
B4*b Bce Moe, a mhí Tpy^a
He saJiB jjra (H^MKa!
PasÓBTt TpyAt sytfora, AOMnra tboS,
Bet crtaKH BÍTepx CHeCB JOJOft.
?to #&iaTb ct» BTaaofi 6*A0fl?l
Ajm HOBaro bíti mxoot,
A yara xeaaópb Hjerb ct sbmoB
H MpaieHi mym* Bftrpora.
Tu bba^ji: rojiH hbbh, AO.n.
Bjhsbmi 3BMa... Orb jiothxt. sou
ripiiorL tu ra EejieftKŠ otípiurB, .
H Kb Heft nosHTb MeTra.ii.
B^pyrb, Tpaxi! JKecroKift Hoacb opomerb,
H AOMBKt TBOft nponajrb.
GojiOMa... JlflCTbB... Crojbko Tyra
PaóOTu sytiora!.. A sa Tpy^x
Botb Bca narpa^a: tboA npiiDTb
Pa3pymem>. KpoBa etrb.
Teóa MOposi h iukut, amyrb
II MHOrO 3BMHBX*b 6hjS,l>.
Ho, Minnsa, He Tefit oahoB
HpHin.iocb HecTH yaíurb TaROfi:
PadCHera MtimBHuft h jiroACROft,
Bce sto npaxi h t.tíh-l;
Obi tocto bjo Hecera cb cofioft
BjiaseHHUMi CHaMi BsaMioi.
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H31 BOPHCA. 297
Tu Bce are c^acTJHBie iieHfl.
Bca bi HacToamearB sbshb tboh.
Aa?fl BA&3B CMOTpio, rpydfl
Ha Mofi npomeAinifl nyr&
— BnepeAi: Bore bíctb, mb auera MeHfl,
Ho crpaxi yaro jaBarB rpyjb.
A. M. Oe^opobi.
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jmonHCL
H
HCTOPIJI
Bl CTAPOÍI PyCCEOfi OHOBHEHHOOTH.
JIítoohcb, EcropHHecBoe CRaaame, SHTÍe bo MHornxx cayiaaxi,
noBH^HMOMy, cobcíwb He hmíbotl oTHomemfl k-l jiHTepaiypi BT>
CMMCJit xyjosecTBa, tskx RaR* jrfrronHCB Bcero name ÓHBajia tojibro
cyxoio, aí^obok) sanecBio, hho& pas* no ojHoft, wywb CTporoairB
Ha roji; HeropHHecRoe CRasame hjih aume TaRse Óubíuh tocto
tojkbbo noApaxaTejBHofi h 6es&mueuuo6 peTopeKoft cl ycaoBHEiirB
coftepsameirB, jajieRHMx h otx aI&ctbht&ibhocth h otb no93ÍH, —
HO, Ch AP7n)fi CTOpOHH, 8T0TB OTA&IX CTapofi nHCBMeHHOCTH JOJI-
seHi HeoÓxoAHMO oeraHOBHTB BHBMaHie JiHTepaiypnoft HcropiH. He
rOBopfl o TOMt, ^to CRyaocTB cotfcTBeHHO nosTiraecRHXi naMflTHH-
bobi aacraMaerL ecsaTb xora 6u lacTHEix* otpuboihnxi ottojio-
crokb no9THqecRaro coflepsama bt> npoHSBejjeHiaxt, no CBoeft u^a
.HaJieKHXI OTB HCKyCCTBa, — 9TH npOB3BeA6HÍfl, XOTfl 6u h HeHaMi-
peHHo, A&wTh HHor.ua BecBMa xapasTepHiie bhhsoah hhcto ho8tb-
necRaro TBopiema, bx to& hjih apyroft $opMÍ, b* tom*b hjh
HHOMl» OTpaseHÍH SHBOft AífiCTBHieJIbHOCTH H HapOAHO-nOBTHHe'
cnaro n pekárna; cb apyrofi croponu, b*b d?owb oTjiurfc crapoft
nHCBMeHHOCTH mojrho wh oco6eHHOCTH HaÓJio.naTB pasBHiie Har^o-
HaJiBHO-HcropHiecBaro cosHama, BOTopoe vb caMom Ha?ajrb h <Sh-
Baen. nepBtnrB mothbomt, r«b HdopHiecROMy Tpyay, — h bto pasBirrie
npHHax jeaHTB HecoMHÍHHO r*b HHCJiy BastffefiniHxi HHTepecoBt jh-
TepaTypHoS HCTopin. KaRi 6u crporo hh 6ujw OTJHiaeMH sx&cb
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JftTOtlHCB H HCÍOPIH. 299
o&iacTH HBcraro xy^oraecTBa on, otírám npoeroro 3Hama h npaR-
TaqecKOft nacbMeHHOCTH, Ha caMOMi /r&jrfc oh* Bceraa t&cho cba-
SaHBI, TaKTb RaiCB BC6 SHSHeHHEIfl flBJíeHÍfl HCTOpiH COBMÍmaK>TL BT>
ce64 A*ScTBÍe caMsixt pasHOotipasHHXi Kyj&TypHuxt b ncHXOJO-
nraecRHXi mothbobt>, h Rasi AMcrBie, trr* h pesyjBTaTEi BxoaarB
m pasjíH^Htia oÓJacTH HcropHqecRaro Hafaroflema. TaaaifB otipa-
801TB H HCTOpifl JBTepaTypU AOJSHa BDeCTH Vb OĎJiaCTB CBOHXl
asyiemU He tojbro npoHBBeAema AluiTejBHOCTH hhcto xyfloaecrBeH-
HOft, HO H TaKifl, ROTOpUfl Vb nHCBftieHHOCTH HMiiOrB Rfc HH1TB (Jo-
jr&e mb Mentě ÓjnsRoe RyjiBxypeoe h ncBXOfloraqecRoe OTHomeme.
Bt btomt, cmucjtí jrfcronHCb, aa-ne, HCTopHqecRoe CRasaBie b-b oco-
óeHeocTH nojuiexavB HcropHRO-jiRŤepaTypHOMy HsyqemK), Tast RaR*
HirferorL Ójrasafimee, npaaioe hjh ROCBeHHoe, OTHomeme kt> pasBB-
TÍH) CB OftHpfi CTOpOHBI Ha^OHaJTBHO-HCTOpBqeCRarO C03HaBÍfl, cb
apyroft b caMaro xyaoaecrBeHHaro noHHMama.
^peBHfla pyccRaa jrimrancB saHHMaerB b* MTepaTypHOft bcto-
piH aobojibho HCiuioqHTejBHoe m4cto. Hama crapaa nBCBMeHHOCTB,
vb cpaBHeHÍH cb jiHTepaTypoH) sanaaHO-eBponefiCRoft, H&rfura ropas^o
6osie cRy^Hiie oÓpasoBaTeJBHue HcroqHBRB. CoBepraeHHO qy»aaa
npexams) RjaccaqecROft apeBHOCTH kb 6htoboS RyjBTypfc b o6paso-
BaHÍa, OHa orpaHHqeHa 6um jhdib tímb B03<5y»AeHÍaMB, RaRia
npexoAHJiH cb BHBaHTificRaro rora, toctík) npaMO, qacriK> npn khrho-
CJiaBflHCROifB nocpeACTB*. C^ano 6usio oaho BeMRoe npioóp-fcre-
Hie — fb xpHCTiancTBÍ: ho Tpy#B ycBoeHia jiHxepaTypHaro MaTepiaia,
cb hbbtb CBasanHaro, nepeBOAOBx cb. Ilncama, 6orocayse6HHXfc b
y^frrejiBH&ixi RHBrB h t. n M 6uivh o6Aevneu r b totobhmb K)»HO-CJia-
BflHCRHMH DepeBO^aMH, H nOBHAHMOMy, JBDIB h&crojibro nosAHÍe no-
iRiBK>TC& oheitei coÓCTBeHHofi nepeBOAHOfl pa6oTH b-b otomx HanpaB-
jieHÍH. XpBcriaHCTBO Óujio h nepBHBTB HaqajOMx idrojej. Mu HirteifB
tojibro oqeHB HeacHua yRasaHia o tomx, RaRi ycraHOBHJBCB Bnep-
BHe xpecriaHCTBO, mROJia b nBCBMeHHocrB; ho no BSBtcriaMi j&to-
iihch h no ^aKTaMX jBTepaTypHHMi mokho syMaTB, ^to bt> nep-
bbtcb noROjrbHiaxi nocat Kpemeeia oÓHapyatBJíacB yae b BejiBRaa
npexaHHOCTB hoboB B*pi h sbboS BHTepecB k% npocBimeHiio: kb
cpefjh caMHXi RHaseft ÓHBajB peBHOCTnue JiiofiHTeJiH „RHnaHaro no-
TOrama" h bm*ct6 jriofiHTejiB AyxoBHaro iHHa b bm6hho qepHO-
pH3neBt, RaRi otířb stoitb Hept^RO sanBCHBaen jiiTonBCB, — uo&A/r
Hee noHaTHO, Taai RaR^ jhojh ^yxoBHaro qnHa Ósijih bi to BpeMa
h aBTopffreTHHe epaBCTBeHnue pyROBO^BTaiH h rhbshuo jik>re.
Jlávh nepBiie xpecriaHCKie xpaHH yRpamajBCB BBsaHTificRBui BCRyc-
ctboitb, TaRi yse otb XI BÍRa coxpaHBjflCB pyRonacH, HcnoJHeH-
HEifl cb Ůoxbmuwb Rajurarpa^aqecRBMi hckycctbomx, yRpameHHHa
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300 BftOTHHKB EBPOniJl.
pHcyBBaHH, rxh o6pa3qoMT> 6um t6 se rpesn (Octpomhpobo Ebsh-
reaie, CBaToaiaBOB* Cóophbri), h TaRBM* se oCpasoBTB rpe?ecRÍe
OÓpa3IJEJ ÓhlJIH pySOBOAHTeJflMB b-b caiioMi nncaTesLCXBi: ctbjb
(SoroenyseCBuxi h yqBTeJbHuxx rhbitb dajit nepBHirb, &ase bcrjk>-
HHTe^bBUMX OÓpaSI^OlfB H BCTOlflflROlťB JM pyCCRBXt RHBSBHROB*,
Ror^a ohh xotÍjih wtb opaBCTBeHHoe nasáváme. B*b Teieaie XII
Bisa mu BM^esfB yse npoasBeaeHia, BOTopua yRasuBaiorB Ha bh-
cosyH) CTeneas Raassaro acRyccTBa. 3to— npoB3BeAeaia bsb coBep-
meHHO pa&iBiauxi oáiacreft TorAanraeft sbshh: c*b ojaoft CTopoHti
nacama Kapuca TypOBCBaro, otípasqBRi RpacHoptaia, BOCQHTaH-
Haro Ha BasaHiiftcROft mnojrl; ci jpyroft, Giobo o IIojRy HropeBÍ,
aBTOpi KOToparo, aecMOTpa na OTRpHBmeeca yae Teneps roaeaie
npOTHBi HapoAHO-nodTHqecsaro npeaaaia, yB^esca OAHaso npieifaMH
HapoAHOfi D083ÍH w& oAymeBJíeHHaro H3o6paseeifl coóurift, bbjbmo
nopaaaBmax* yaiu cOBpeMeuHBKOBi. ífa dTOity aacTpoeaiio, co3&aH-
Hoiiy nepBHMB BnewrjiiBiaMB o6pa30Baaia, najo OTaecTH BipoaTHO
h cocTaBJíeBie toS „IIobíictb BpeMeBBuxx &$Yb" (bjb: jift), 9 0TsyA7
edb nom.ua pyccRaa semia, bto bi KieBfe saqa nepsie bhasath
b OTRy^y pyccBaa seMM <nuaa ecTB tt , — dobíctb, KOTopaa craja no-
tomi bo raaBi pyccKaro jrfcTonHcaaia na bc& noď&Ayioiiue BŠKa
ApeBHeft Pyca, C0CTaB.iaJia oóuinoe aaqajo nosAHifimBxi ďfrronBC-
bbjxi ctfopBBBOBi jlo caMaro XVIII crojr&Tia h no npejamK) ho-
cbtb uma jiÍTOQBCiia HecTopa.
Bi nepBuft paši BHCORoe SHaneme HeeropoBoS jítoiibch, —
hm HamiBHofi JiÍTOnuca, Kaiťb HastiBaioTB ee cb t*xx nopi, Rasi
B03HHKJH comhíbíh o B03MOSHOCTH npBBBcaTB ee BifeflBO Hecropy, —
yRasaao farao bt> HeropaiecROft Bayst SHaMeHBTuirB IHjéuepoM*.
MpaB^a, ee asyian yae co BHHMaoieirb o^bwl b3t» nepsiix^ Ha-
HHHaTejeň Hameft HCTopiorpa$ia, TaTameB*, ho CTporaa yqeHaa
RpBTBRa npBJíoseHa Ótuia r*b Heft tojbro stbitb aiMen.RUírb yie-
HUlťB, KOTOpfjfi, RaRX H3BÍCTHO, B3CJÍAya HeCTOpa, npBXOAHJl. BT,
BOCTOpri OTB erO npOCTOTU B BeJIBROfi IlpaBABBOCTH SI* TaKOMX
bíbí, Ror^a (5*ahoctb npocBÍmeHia A^aja p^akbmi bto noHHMa-
uie BdopBHecRoft hctboh: cpe^a óacHOciOBia cpexHeBŮROBEixx jí-
TonHcn.eBT. HecropB npeACTaBMJTB saMiiaieiibHoe aciuioqeHie b ero
jiiTonacb, HanBcaHBaa dpbtomi Ha caMOifB aaiiR* Tóro Hapo^a,
BCTopifo ROToparo OHa pascKasuBíua, RasajiacB llljěctepy naMaT-
HBROAťB (JeHOMeHa.lbBUMT*... Ob t4x^ HOpB, RaRfc UljLéUfiyh BH-
CBaSUBaJIl CBOB MUC.1H O HeCTOpi, CA^aHO 6tWIO MHOSeCTBO HO"
bkixi B3oa4AOBaBÍfi b OTRpfirrift bi cpe^HeB^ROBoK JiBTepaTyp* sa-
aaABOfl, oneHB hohojihhjibcb CBÍ^eflia o Hamefi CTapBHt, ho on,feeRa
Hedopa b*b i^^iomx ee Tepa erb CBoero sHaieHia, a Haqajbaaa ji4-
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JlfcTOHBCb H HCTOPIfl. 301
todhcb ocraeTCír fb r-aasaxx coBpeifeBBuxfc bctophrobi ojhbmi
EVh caMuxt ^ocTonpHM^qaTejiLHuxx npoHSBeAeeifi Haraeft apeBHeft
jHTepaTypu.
Mu roBopHJB m> Apyroifi mícté *), sto, coÓCTBeeHO rosopa,
CTpeMjenie apaBBJBHO B03C03jjaTb HCTopaiecRoe npomejmee bo3bb-
Kaen» tojibro vl XVIII b4bí, Kor^a noqyBCTBOBaHo Óíjjo BCTyiue-
Bie pyccsoft SB3BB Ha nyTL HOBaro oópasoBaeia b crapan jRHSHb
bo MHoraxt OTHomeHiflxx 6u;ia sasoHqeHa: hhctbhrtbbho6 qyBCTBo
notiyxxajo noftBecra HTorn erapeHu, b H3BÍCTHaa creneHb eBponefi-
CRaro SHaHifl Hayqajia nepBoft HCTopeqecRoft rpbtbr$. TaROBi 6ujn>
eme saAOJiro Ao njjéqepa Tpyw TaTBmeBa; ho nocjii^eifi otho-
CflTaibHO ApeBH^flmaro nepio.ua mopb y»e no.n>30BaTbCái TpyjaMH
HtMei^KHXB yienuxt b*b neTepÓyprcROfi aRaxeiritt, RaRi SBaiieHBTufi
3Hr$pHAX Bafiepx. #0 Illjčijepa naqajrB cbob saaťfeqaTejibHHe Tpy^u
repapav^pH^pext Mojjiept, ROTOpoify Hama BCTopiorpa^ia bb
ocoÓeHHOCTH oČfaaaBa yRasameMi Ha apxuBHue Maiepiajiu b 03.ua-
Hiem MBoraxi Ba&Huxt HcropHqecRBXi hcto^hrkobt,. Bpeiifl Esa*
TepaHu II OTMtieHO H8AaHÍeni itfuaro pfl.ua ^ÍTonacefi, „^peBHefi
pOCCÍfiCROfi BhBJIÍOOHKOA" HOBBROBa, BCTOpB^eCRBlIB TpyftaMB RHflSfl
ID,eptiaTOBa h BojrreHa, coÓBpaTejBCTBOifB rp. A. H. MycBHa-IIyin-
RBHa h t. j. Ilocjrfc „HcTopifl" KapaMSBHa h HaqHeaBiHHXCfl bbm-
CBaHifl BocroKOBa, KaJiafiAOBB^a h apyraxi, BnepBiie dphmíbhb-
maxi HaynHue npieifu $ BJI0JI0rHqeCKar0 HscjrtjiOBaHHi naiiaTHBROBi;
nocjrf* BSAaHifi rp. PyMaHijOBa, hobhB Óorarafi sanaci naHATBBROBi
crapBHu, h HiieaBO JiiTonocH, OTRpujiCH bi nyTemecTBisxi Apxeo-
rpa$HqecRO& 9scne,nHrjÍB b cooÓnjeHt Óujit yqeHOiiy Mipy bx hs-
AaHÍaxi Apxeorpa^nqecRoft Kommhccíh. Ob dToro BpeMeHfl, HMeHBo
sor^a AJia rpbtbrb dajia AOCTynau MaoroqecjieHHue TeKCTu j4to
DHcefi, Haqajiocb BSCjr&AOBame caMoro jiTonecanifl. TaROBU Óhjib
nocjrfe A^flTejiefi Apxeorpa^aqecRofl .Kommhccíh (OrpoeB*, BepejHB-
robi, KopRyHOBx) ipy^u CpeaHeBCRaro, CyxcmjiHHOBa, Kocroifa-
poBa, BeeryseBa-PiOMHBa h Ap. } h itfuiaro pa.ua HOBÍňraaxx yqc-
hhxx 3 ).
*) HcTopia pyccKofi 9raorpa<J>ÍH, t. í.
*) Hsi npexHHxi iracjixoBagifi HasoBeaii eme: Ky6apeBa, „Hecropi nepBHi mica-
TeJfc pOCCÍtCKOfi HCTOpÍH, I^epKOBHO& H rpaZ^aBCKOft**, Wb w PyCCKOMl HCTOpBqeCKOMl
CóopHBx-B 1 *, kh. IV, M. 1842; B&uieBa, o HecToposoS jítodhch, vb „^TeHian" xocsob-
cxaro 0'mecTBa hctopíh h ípeBHocTeft, 1847, lé 5.
— CyxoMjnraoBT*, O ApesHeft pyccioft iítoiihch, sast naMUTHHRi iHTepaTypeoin,
B-b „Y^eHHxi 3anHCiaxi tt II OT^iieHia AsaxeniH, kh. III, 1856.
— CpeaeeBexift, IlaMflTHHKH X-ro Bixa xo Biaxmiipa Cflararo, fb „Esbíctíjixi
AsaxeiiiH HayKi,, t. III, 1854 (h bt, „HcToptnecKHx* menim" h np. Cn6. 1855,
CTp. 1—26); H8CJ*fexoBaHÍa o jtTonncaxi HOBropoxcKHxi, bi „HíirBCTiax-b* 4 t. II.
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302 BfcCTHHRb EBPOntl.
Iftaci&noB&EisL ee saKOHieHti jo cax* nopi, Mesxy npo?<un>
noTOMy, wo bm* npHXOABTCJi hmítb aíjo TOJibso cb oneHb no&jr
HHMH CnHCBaMH jtóTOHHCH, OTCTOfllI^HMB Ha HtCKOJbEO COTL J&Pb
ee toibko Ote. canaro Hamaa Jtoonaca, ho h otl Tóro nepaaro
CBO#a, RaBBMi 6uja TasíHasBiBaeiiafl HedopoBa jUtTOnacb. ftb
HOBiňfflHXi, TpyAax^, naMH yBasaHHUxi, HHTaieJib Mojserb HafiTH
cnopHBie Bonpocu, HepaspimeHHue jo caxi nopi. npio6pfrreH%
oabhi HecoMaiHHtifi pesyjbTan — BMeHHO, hto bx HacToameMT> co-
CTaB* JIÍTODHCHUXI) HaMflTHHBOB 1 * MU H6 HMÍeMT> HH OJHOfi JnepBOHft-
qajBHoft jiítoiibch, npaHaAJie&aiiieft TOiiy bjh ApyroMy spáro xpeBHefi
Pyca, a HanpoTHB-L, HMieirs otíuBHOBeHHO TaKVHasuBaeMtie cboah —
jiiTonHCHue naMflTEHKH, KOTopue, npHHaAJieaui AaHHofi oftsacTa, noxb-
3yiOTca Tasace bsbíctíamh hsx Apyrax* ofoacrHbixx xiTonaceft,
npa qeiťB oóuBHOBenHO A^aiOTL bto <5ee* ysasaHia Ha CBoft acro*-
hhbb, BOTopuft mosho yraAusaTb tojibbo no xapaBTepy caMEixi
H3BÍCTÍ6 HAB HO OCOfoHHOCTfltfb CTHAB. H$BOTOpEUI Bffb CTOpUXl
jrfrronaceft, noBBABMOMy, obohwtojibho nora6ja, Basi, HanpHMiipi,
„craptift afcroiiHceivb pocTOBcsifi", o BOTopoira ecTb ynoMBHama
XIII rifesa, Basi Haiajo jrimraaceft HOBropoACBaxi, ca^a* boto-
ptix* npe^nojiaraiOTL bt> bsbíctboS IoaBBMOBCBoft jferonaca, coxpa-
HeHHofi TaTanjeBUMi; HiaoTopua hsbšctíb, npaBeAeHHua KapaM-
shhnmi asi jtrimraacefi, Óhbdibxi bt> ero pysaxi h hotomi norati-
maxi>, OBa8UBajacb eABHCTBeHHUMH bx cBoeirB po**, — a ecaa CTa-
pfc&mie cnacBB He bocxoabt* oÓEiRHOBeHHO Aaráe XIV Bfcta, to
mosho ce64 npejcraBBTb, cko.m>ko cayiafiHOCTeft a HeBOSHarpajB-
muxx noTepb acnuTajia Hama jfcronacb, npe&xe hímx Hanua bhh-
MaTeJibHHxx a ÓepejRJiBBHXTb asucsaTejiet bi nocjrfeAHia *Ba ctojí-
— KocroMapoFL, lemŮH no pyccxoft HCTopie. Cn6. 1861.
— EecTyxeKb-PDMHBi, O coctebí pyccxHxi jritaonnceft xo ROHna XIV b*rr.
1. DoB-fecn. BpeMeHHmi jíte. 2. JLbtoiihch »xeo-pyccria. Cn6. 1868 (oTx&ibHO hsi
„JftTonHCH Apxeorpa^HíecKofl Kommhccíh", BBnycRi IV).
IfccjróxoiiaHiii npoxojsaDTca h xo chxi nopi. HasoBem A. MapseBH^a, O iíto-
nHcaxt. Hat jeRojfi no pyccKofi HCTopiorpa4>ÍH. Oxecca, 1888 (BEraycra I); O pyo-
crhxi jrtTomicaxi. Oxecca, 1885 (BHnyccb II).
— H. JiHHina, HoBropoxcsa^ jítoehcb h ea mocsobcrU nepextiRH, fl n Hie-
Hiaxi a , 1874 y rh. II, h otxbuho.
— H. THXOMBpOBa, HBClftxOBaHÚi O XBTOnHCJUCl TBOpCSOft, IICROBCROft h JUbpbb-
TbOBCRoft vb ^LypBait MaeHCTepcTBa npocB. 1876, Jě 2; 1883, J# 10 h 1884, 2* 10.
— I. GeHBTOBa, HCTOpHKO-RpHTHieCKLS H3CJ!BAOBaHÍB O HOBrOpOXCRKU l*TOBH-
caxi h o poccificROĚ HCTopiH B. H. TarameBa, vb „HTeeiaxi", 1887, rh. IV. h or-
XÍibho, 1888.
3acjyxHBaeirb BHHMaHk, ri coaaifcaiD HeoROH^eHHBĚ, Tpyxt JI. H. JlefióoBHia:
CBOinaii aiTODHct, cocTaBieHHaii no bcbhi HsxaHBjnii cnacRain j^tobech. Bunycxi
nepBHS. IIoB-BCTb BpeMeHHHxi jíti. On6. 1876.
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j&TonacB h HCTOPia. 303
ria. Easoe Bapeapcsoe oópameme HcniiTUBajiH naxaTHHBH Hamet
crapHHii Aaate b-b tijuisBoe Haro Bpera, pascKasuBaerB Hcropia Ha-
mefi HayKH *).
Ilpe 9T0M f B nojoaeHÍH JÍTonacHaro Maiepiajia hohutho, hto bo-
npoc-L o ApeBHiňmeft nopfc Hamero jtóTonHcaHitf npeACTaBiuierB Be-
jHHaftmia TpyxHOcrn h wcto MOJBero <5htb pimaeirL tojbbo raxa-
TeuHo. TaBt npesxe Bcero ao cm* nop* pacxoxflTca mhíhíh o
tom-b, Korja HaiaaacB jítodhcb. HiBOToptun* H8Ci&AOBaTeJunrB Ba-
sajocB HeooMH^HHtiirB, sto iítodhcb HawiacB eme ao npHHATia
XpHCTÍaHCTBa H BOCXOAHTB He TOJBBO KB X, HO B*B IX B$By, HTO
H&soTOpEifl nosasaHifl ApeBHŠfimeft jštodbch OTSUBawTca eme Bpe-
MeHaif h flSHHecRHMH; Tam k-l otoB ApeBHfefimefi nopfc othochmo 6hjk>
He xomeAHiee ao Haci, ho npexnojiaraeiioe Haiajio j^tohhch hob-
ropoxcBoi. ?to sacaerca $opMH, kb KOTopyK) HBWBHa ciojbiuhcb
jÍTonHCHBia OTiriHBH, h sa&cb eme co BpeMeHi Hlaéijepa AfoajwcB
paaiHHHua npexnoAOseHÚi: HaxoxoaH oópasen,* jfrronHcif b*b naMflT-
HHBaXB rpeqeCKHX-L, HJIH OTBpHBaJH CXOflCTBO CB CpeXHeB^BOBOt
j&toiihcbk> sanaAHO-eBponeficBoi (Hanp., aHrao-cascoHCKoft); npea-
nojiar&sH nepBHft saiaTOBi ji^tohhch b«b nacxaiBHuxi Ta&raipxi,
Ha BOTopnxi A&iajiHeB spaTBia sairtrKH o Ba&Hiixi co6uTÍaxx co-
OT»ÍTCTBeHHaro ro^a, OTuesaHu Óklih (r. CyxoiuiHHOBHiťB) auro
hstb nosAHflro Bfcsa hoaoChm 8airf>TBH kb nacxaaBHiixi xaÓJHi^axx,
ho ApyrHMt BasaxocB 9 hto caMO noswee cymecTBOBame Taaaxi
sairirroKB yBasmaerB Ha hxi cjyqafiHOCTB, h t. a. PaBHOOÓpasie
BsrauijOBi X o chxx nopx He cae^eHO kb y<S*AHTejiBHOMy pesyjBTaTy.
Mcmbho curratB HecoMHÍHHUM-L, Rasercji, jojbbo oaho — sto, Ba-
robu Óu hh 6hum nepBBte mothbu ki» Hasaiy jrfeTonacn h OTByaa 6u
hh HBHaacB ea nepBaa $°P M& > j£tohhcb BOSHHBaxa kb paaiHiHtixx
Kpaaxt dapoft pyccaofi seiLie a bt» nepBoe BpeMa BejacB otaíubho.
3th spaa 6hm, 6e*B comh^hía, rt, rfl£ 6ujih rjiaBHiie i^eHTpH no-
jnmnecBOi sh8hh: HoBropoAt, KieBi., Poctobi BeJiHsifi; kt> hhm*b
npHCoexHHHJiHCB noTOifB BTopocTeneHHBie i^eHTpu, GysxaiB, Bxaxn-
Mipx, loro-sanaAHHt iteHTpi Ha Bojuhh, IIckofb, TsepB, MocKea,
nfiBrpb cÍBepo-sanaAHHfi; eme nos^nie Ch noxHTHHecBHMX pacna-
AeHieirB TeppnTopiH noci* TaiapcKHXi HamecTBift h ocHOBama
pyccBo-xoTOBCBaro BHflsecTBa, jiTonHcaeie pacna^aerca Ha xaa
rjiaBHiifl Teqema: sanaAHO-pyccBoe (TaRx-HasuBaeMLia jhtobcbÍ2 jíto-
nHCfl) h BOCTOiHO-pyccKoe, rA* jítoohcb Bce 6onme cocpeAOixm-
s ) He OTueuuiCb n doxpoóbocth, ysasem 6pom»py H. H. HoieTaeBa: „Paapa-
<5oTsa pyccsoft HcropHvecBofi HayKH bt> nepBoft hoiobhhí XIX CTOiiria". Cn6. 1892,
h asBicTByD 6iorpa<t)ii> Cxpoeia, r. BapcysoBa.
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304 BfcOTHHBl EBPOIUI.
BSeTCfl Vb MOCKBÍ. Bl» BOHltf} KOHIJOBX MOCKOBCKOe JÍTODHCaHÍe
craHOBHTCfl rocnoACTByion^HMi: jítoiihcb rfuaeTca o$$Hi;iajiBHOK),
rocyAftpQTBeHHOio, coBna^aa cb paspaAHUMB KHHraifB, — xora eme
AOiro BeACTca jÁtomcb HOBropoxcsa*, nepesaBinaa xarce najeme
Bejmsaro HoBropoja.
BosBpamaacb Kb apeBHefl nopi jfrronacaHifl, mu cb híkoto-
pmwb yAHBjeHieMx BcrptaaeMii totb naMATHHBi, BoropuB, saBi
Mu saMtaajiH, cranoBHTca hotomx oÓHKHOBeaHUMB HaratiOMi nosj-
HMlDflXB jfcTOnHCHIJXX CBOftOBl, r^t 6ti (MÉ HH COCTaBJflJHCB:
HflBorxa nocjrfc Bt HameMi crapoMi jorimraHcamB He B03HHsajia
Taaafl mhcjb oÓbbtb itfuiizfi cocraBi pyccsaro Hapoja h ero npomjofl
CyjBÓH 1 ). MlICJB O COCTaBJieHÍB „ílOB^CTH BpeMeHHUXl lim",
pa8csa8iiBaBineft o nepBHXi KHasbaxi, vb Kierf, o tom*, Basi
9 CTaia pyccnaa seiijui", qpesBuqaftHO saMtaaTejBHa aja csoero
BpeMeHH, Baíct nepBU nonuTBa Ha^BHaiomefi JHTepaTypu. ÁBTopi
„IIobícth* craBHTi* ce6i sa^aiy meposaro HaijioHajbHaro HHTe-
peca: oht> xo^otb coÓpaTb bcí AoeryiiHua eMy CBijeHia o Hanaifc
Hapoja, o nepBOMi bo3hhbhob6híh BHaasecsoft RiacTH, h, saBi
mosotb, HcnojHaerb 9Ty sahany: obt» CBasuBaert pyccKiň napojí
cn> j&imib ciaBflHCBBMi njeMeHeMX, npiypowBaero bto meuz kb
6a<$jieBcBOMy pacnpeAfoeHiio noTOMCTBa HoeBa, Kán* toctb njeMeHH
Ia$era, aonojHaer* ÓBÓjeficsia npejaHia CBfcxeHiaMB rpeiecsaro
xpoHorpa$a, vb bthmi hocjiíahbmt, xotiaonaeTO cboh CBijema 061
eBponeficaoMS BapaxcBOMi cisepi (HeasB^CTHua BesaHrificBOMy xpo-
HHcry), sari^rb, oofiapaerb (6htb mokctb, hsi sanajHLix* ciaBaH-
cbbxx hctoihhbobi) iipe^ama o pascejefliB ciaBAHCBaro njeMeHH,
h HaEOHei^t, npejama o njieMenax-B cauoro pyccsaro ciaBAHCTBa,
HXi sHjen^ax^, apaBaxi, HHopowaxfc-cocfeflaxi h npo*. B* Hcropia
Bnaseft owb coÓHpaerL craptia xpoHOJorHqecBia saMÍJTKH, cymectBO-
BaBmie pascsasu h upejama, onacra ospaineHHue HapoxHoi 4>*h-
Taaieft, h crapaeTca, cbojbbo Moaera, npoBipaTb hxx; ovb npa6a-
bbjtb cioxa CTapue HCTopBiecBÍe ^OByiieHTH, Basi xoroBopu BHaseft
cb rpesaiia, h t. a* Jltoomcenb BOo6me pysoBO^BTca hsbícthoí
BpHTHKoft, H9B pa8HBixi h8b*ctíí yEa8HBaew» 6oj4e B^poaTHiu,
crapaeTca BOsciaHOBiTB xpoHOJoriio nepBiixi BHaseHifi cjH^emem
AaHH£jxi>, h t. n. Cjobomx, aBTopi „Ďobícth BpeMeHHBixi sin,"
aBjaeTca nacaTeieirB cb oÓxyMaHHuui njaHOMi. IloHflTHO, tto cy-
AHTB 06b 9T0UI DJaeí H BHQOJIHeHÍH MOffiHO TOJIBBO, npHHBMaa BO
BHHMaHie ycjOBia BpeMeHH, h nepBuS jfcTonHceiVB (Hectopi, Kast
*) Mh hhíih cjyiaft ocTAH&UEBaTbca ea 9Ton npejpierb („BtcraHix EBpona%
1876, ioai) h noBTopHm saícb o6m}Ř b3tjwb ea btot* namnEHii.
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.lUTOIIflCb H HCTOPIfl. 305
xyiiaiH npexAe) BosÓyiBAajrB, eme co BpeueHi cypoBaro h TpeÓo-
BaTeiiBHaro [Ehéijepa, cnpaBeAJHBoe yAsaseme hobhxx hctophbobt.,
ciH?aBinBXi ero cb cpeAHeB$BOBHMH coBpeMeHHHBaMH.
PasjíniHO otbítojih h Ha totb BonpocB, kto 6wu& Bootfme Hame
jiTonHcaTeJiH. EcrecTBeHHiie Bcero (Stuo nojaraTb, hto bto 6ujih
JHU,a AyXOBHHfl, BaiTB naHĎOJlte BHH2BHU*, H jffeftCTBHTeJlBHO BO MHO-
rarL ciyw&Htixi saMintarL jiítoiihch nacaBniHMH OBasuBaOTca juusfr
4yxoBHHfl. TaKx kb nepBHe vom XII Btsa HasBaHi bi jt&toiihcb
aHcaBmift ee HryMeHt Bti^yóen.Bift CHjiBBecrpfc, KOToparo HHue h
cqeTajiH aBTopoMi HamibHoft jítodbch bmícto Hecropa; wb BOHiffc
XI b4i» npn HanaxeHÍH nojioBijeBx Ha ne*epcBÍft MOHacrupB, jt&to-
miceivB sairfmaera: „Kor^a mu nouroajiH no sejiBaM*". HsBtcreHi
sarbM'* JlaBpeHTitt mhhxx, hm* KOToparo ocrajiocb sa cys^ajfecsoio
(jiaBpeHTBeBCROia) jítodhcbk), h He Majio apyrrax AyxoBHtixi nip,
nHcaBfflHX^ jt&tohhch. íto JiHi^a ayxoBHHa 6hm cocTaBarejAMH
jiiTonHCH, npHHHMajri, h CoJioBBeBT,. He corjamaacB cb tímh, ro-
Topwe nojarajH, q*ro jítodbch yae Torja 6euh Kh&owb o$$nitiaj[B~
HUMl H BeJIHCB no noBejr&Hiio KHflseft, CojOBBeBi saMiraaerB: „Ecjh
Mesxy BHa8BjiMH, a BipoaTHO H vb flpyatHfffe nx% 6bmh oxothhbh
COÓapaTb H UIBTB BHHrH, TO BTO ÓHUIH TOJIBBO OXOTHHBH, TOrjUI
aaicx Ha PycB cymecTBOBajio cocjOBie, ROToparo rpaMoraocTB Ótuia
oÓasaHHOCTbio h ROTopoe oqeHB xopomo coaHaBajio BTy otiasaHHOCTB, —
cocaOBie AyxoBifoe. Tojibbo junufl, hsx BToro cooaoBia hmíuh b-b to
BpeMfl Aocyrb h bcí cpe^CTBa saHHTbca ďftronHCHHMi xfaom; ro-
BopmrB: „bcí cpe^CTBa" noTOMy, hto npn TOrAamneirB no.ioseBÍH
ayXOBHblXt, OCOÓeflBO MOHaXOBX, OHH BMÍJH B03MOSHOCTB 3BftTb CO-
BpeMeeHua coótma bo BCefi hxx hoapoÓhocth h npioÓpfrraTB otb
B^peLixi) Jiio^efi CBiÁema o co6uTÍaxT> oTfla-neHHBixi.. Bi MOHacrupB
npiixoAHift BHA3B npeaue Bcero cooÓhihtb o saMunuuieMOMi npej-
apiflTÍB, ecnpocHTB ĎJiarocjioBeHie Ha Hero, bx MOHaerupB npeaae
Bcero aBjajca cb bíctbk) o&b OBOH^aniH npeAnpiflTÍa; AyxoBHtra
-lima OTOpaBJIflJIHCB 0ÓBIBH0B6HH0 DOCiaMH, CJli^OBaTeJbHO bwl jyqffle
Apyraxi (Jhjtb HSBtcreHx xoai neperoBopowb. HMteMi npaBO ^y-
MaTt, vro AyxoBHBia Jiai^a onipaBjajiHCb noc^aMH, yqacTBOBajH b*l
3aKJIK)qeHÍH XOrOBOpOBl CKOJIbKO H31 yBaS6HÍH B«B BXT> AOCTOHHCTBy,
MorymeMy oTBpaTBTB otl hhxt» onacHOCTb, cbojbbo BC^ACTBie 6b&b-
tnaro yM^Hba hx*b yfits^aTb ciosaMH nacaHia h Óojbrneň RiacTH b*l
aroirB a4j4, ctojbbo se h BCJiÍACTBÍe rpaMOTHOCTH, yMieba Hana-
caTb AoroBopx, sHaHia oÓbi^HLix-L (^opMi*: Haa^e A^a nero 6u cmo-
jeHCBifi BHA3B nopyniuii CBameHDBKy IepeMia saBua^eme AoroBopa
cb Paroío? ^ojisho ayMaTB, ito AyxoBHua jiHipt, mex nepBbie rpa-
Morfea, 6ujm nepBHMH AMRaMH, nepBUMH ceKpeiapaMH Hamexi
Tom IV.— Idjb, 1896. 20
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306 FBOTHHKB EBPOHH.
XpeBHHXl KHfldefi. IIpHnOMHHMT) TEKSe, HTO FB 8aTpyAHHTeJBHHXl>
o<5croflTejiBCTBaxi BHasBfl otíuKHOBeHHO npa(5*rajH b«b coFtoairB jy-
xoBeHCTBa; npaĎaBBMX, HasoHeifB, hto xyxoBHua Jiinja hhíh bos-
moshoctb SHaTB TaB&e oiero xopomo caMtifl noApoÓHocTH noxo*
A0fb, h6o conpoBO&A&iH BoficKa h, ÓyayHH ctopohhbmh Ha&noxa-
TeiflMH H BMiCTt npHÓJTBSeHHHMH JHOABMH Bl KHflSBflMX, MÓIUH CO-
o6m,BTb BÍpHiflmia MBiciia, qfcin. camze parane jtojh, Haxo-
AHBmiecfl fb aluik HffB oahoto yae coo6pasema Bcixt bthxx oťkrroa-
TejBCTBi mu hmím 6bi noíHoe npaBO saiunoHHTB, ito nepBua jí*-
TOHHCH HafflH BUfflJIH HFB pysx ftyXOBHBUCB jihi^t,, a ec« enje Bl>
CaMOfi J&TOHHCH MU BHftHirB flCHUfl A0Ba8aTeJBCTBa TOMy, TTO ÓHH
cocraBjeHa fb uoHacTupfe, to otiasaHu ycnoBOHTBca Ha btoitb h
ho H€BaTB xpyvovo saBoro-HH6y#B M$cra h xpyrnxi jhi^b am co-
craaieHÚi nepBOHaiaiBHOfi, KpaiKofl jítoiihch, nepBOHaqajbnuxx,
BpaTBHXl 8anHC0KB M *).
Eme 6aaie mapoBO craBHrB SHa^eme xyxoBeHCTBa, a Tanse h
8HaieHÍe jpeBHeíl jítoiihch jpyroíl hctophkb crapofi pyccRot shshh.
B*b Hame BpeMU He Mošen 6bítb -jímh o tom-b, vrofa jítoiihcb, —
KOTopaa ÓHia hbhímb hhhmb, Basi OTpasemeMx BOSHHisaBmaro hcto-
pH?ecsaro cosHama itfuiaro Hapo.ua, — Mor.ua (Jhtb saMHCJiOKB ejBHHq-
Haro Jínila, saBoro-HHÓyxB Ha^aTamaro ?epHOpH8ija, itoÓh ohe
Morja 6htb saxyintna tojibro fb noxpaasaHie BHsaHTi&csoMy xpo-
Horpa$y (šasi bto jyMajiH npeaMe). B% fli&CTBHTejBHocTH jíjto-
iihcb (fauia BOBce He HjfoxoirB MOHamecBH yejuiHeHHofi jHTepaTyp-
Hot mucih, a HanpoTHBi>, jfcTonflCHHft Tpy#B 6hun> tojbbo otb&-
TOifB Ha TpeóoBaeia mucje oómecTBeHHoft, KOTopaa toibbo Hanua
fb HanajLHOMB abTonRcnfr CBoero AOcroiHaro npexcTaBHTeja h bh-
pasHTeu. Caiiaa sa^aia, nocTaBieHHaa bb nepBuxi caoBarB Ha-
qajBHOft jrisronncH ysa8HBaerB Ha BonpocB o Haiaró Pyccnofi 3eiuH.
„Cmucjb BTOft 8a«aw, — roBOpím r. 3a6ÍJHH^, — fb nojraofi
irfipí oÓHapysHBaerB ea, Tan-B csasaTB, rpaatj,aflCKoe, HHane Mip*
CEwe, hjih otfmecTBeHHoe npoHcxo&xeHie. OrRyxa PycB nonua, šasi
CTaia (ycrpoHjiacB), bto nepBEifi Hanan bh&shtb — 9to Bonpocu He
O^eHB ÓJH3KÍe H HO CTOJILBO JHróOHOTHIie *w MOHacTupcKaro co-
3epn,aHÍa h wa MOHamecBaro ÓiaroHecraBaro pasMunuema. Ohh*
Morjni BOBHHBHyrB npesA^ Bcero fb RHasecROifB ABopí, noq>exH
ApysHHHHBOFB, hjih nocpeAH Tóro o6in,ecTBa, A^a BOToparo HecpaB*
HeHHO 6euo HaxoÓH^e h juoÓonHTH^e SHaTB Hanajio to& seiua, rx%
oho 6eijo A^aTejeirB, h Ha^ajo to& BJiacTH, hoa* pysoBOACTBora
BOTopet oho coBepmuo h ycrpo&CTBO bto& scmjih, h cboh BejHsia
*) „Hcropk Poccíh", HOBoe mwame, bb. I, cíp. 772.
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MTOIUCB H HCTOPIfl. 307
H M&IIUI A^HÍ*. IlepeXOBIIMB Se J1K>ABMH 9TOrO O^meCTBa KB T6-
neme MHoraxt bíkobt, Bcerxa 6um nociu^pyseHHHBH khusíi,
<toape h rocTH-Kynn;H, C£$xoBaTeiBHO Bepxrift, cárat ^TejbEub
h cárat ótiBajufi nopajOB* jroxett kb xpeBHe-pyccsoifB ropo***.
MoflacTupcsii , onneiBHHBi ecjrafo pyBOBOxuca tojbbo MOHame-
ckhmh B8rMxaMB 9 jmui 6h jítoiihch no npeHMyn^ecTBy ijepBOBHHft
xapaBTepB. *Mesxy tími ero bsumai otfnrapHÍe; ohb tojbbo mh-
moxoaomi saiffriaen, hto, Hanp., eme npn Hropi bi KieBt MHoro
tfiijo BaparoBi-xpHcriaHx h Bce CBoe BHHMame ycrpeiuaerB Ha
H8o6paseHÍe cotfuTift h xkai no irpeHMymecTBy iripcsaxi, hojhth-
qecBHX*B... Rm Basot HaxoÓHOCTH HepHopiisem bhochtb b% jAto-
necB itfuHBom AoroBopa cl rper^ieio (Xiera h Hropa?.. He bto-
cemi JIH OHH Cb TOK) itfiJBH), CB Ka&OBO KB HOBrOpOftCByH) jAto-
nncb BHeceHa pyccsaa (sieBCRaa) npaBxa flpocsaBa, a kb cysxan-
rayro jfrronHCB ayxoBHaa BjajeMÍpa MoHOMaxa? 9th jBa nocrix-
Hie naMHTHHBa kb to Bpeiui hochjih kb ceCt HHTepecB h cracn
He OXHOfi ^OCTOnpHMiqaTeJIbHOCTH, XOCTOnaMflTHOCTH, HO CiySHJIH —
ojhhi, JU^Jb noyqeebe, xpyroi, sara daaoffB, xiicTByiomiiMH, sh-
Byn^HMH cthxíjmh HapoftHoft SH8HH... Bx jpyraxx OTxiuaxt Hecro-
poBa BpeMeHHHBa mh toiho Tain, se otohb tocto BCTpftqaeiťB npa-
mhh noRasama, vto nepowB JÍTonHCn;a boabtb Óomne Bcero cmhcjtb
BHflsecBaro apyxHHHHKa, eme caiioro bhaba, qiirB hhcjb diaro-
necTHBaro HHOsa... Bce, htí> hosho OTxaTB bx btou% cjyqai mo-
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poe npoxoxBTB no Bceft jiítodhch... Ho h noyieHbe He cocra&iflera
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mícthuxx npacTpacTiS am meicih o i^Iibhomi eAHHCTBt pyccBaro
HapoAa, h BorAa onpeA^aeTca oÓxeAHHBTeJibHaa noJiBTHBa Mocbbh,
jiiTonacb MOCBOBCBaa OTpasaen bt> ceóí bcio HeTepnHMOCTB orofi
nojiaTBKa... Bi caMř)Mx ApeBHeMi nepioA^ JiiTonact npeACTaBuen
no pasHUMi odacTAMi. pasjía^Hiie ottíheh CTBJífl. ^aBHO saMiqeeu,
') Cp. yKA3aHÍa no^oÓHaro po^a y CoiOBLeB*, HcTopia Poccíh, I, CTp. 785 h xarte;
3arfein» eme MHoro xpyrazi conocraBieHift ^tjaHO 6hio uosahířoihiíh HcroJEOBaTeunni
itTonacH, on BecTyseBa-PnioíHa ao MapseBHia h Ap.
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JlfcTOBBCb H BCTOPlfl. 313
HaapHnipx, shboíI, oÓpasBHÍ, noqTH nodTB*ecRÍ& crBJb bojuhcboA
jftroauca, KOTopufl cnpaBeAMBO tifaasaJiB cb aodTB?ecRBMB cth-
jieM-B CjOBa o nojsy HropeBi, hjib jaROBBiecRaa cyxocTB afrro-
naca HOBropo^cBOft. Oti ApeBBaro nepio.ua, roBopara CoJiOBBeBi,
AO aacB AOfflJe ab* ďírronBCH dřepaná (aoBropoACRaa h cy3Aa*b-
CBÍUi) B AB* BSflEUI (síeBCRafl CB J1BBJZMB BCTaBRaiiB 881 ?epBB-
roBCKofi, no.ioijKofl b b&pobtbo emfi Apyraxi, b bojhhcrm). „Hob-
ropoAcaaa jfrronacb OTjflqaeTCfl RpaTRocriio, cyxocriío pa3CRasa;
Tasoe asxoseaie npoacxoAarB, BO-nepBUXB, otb 6íabocth coAep-
saaia: HoBropoACiuui jiítoohCb ecn> JiiTonucb coĎurifl oAaoro ro-
poAa, OAHOfi bojioctb; cb Apyroft CTopoflu, ae.ab8fl ae sairtTBTb a
babhíb HapoABaro xapaRTepa, b6o btb pfciaxi aoBropOACRax* AK>Aefi,
BHeceHHtix^ bi jiítohbcb, sawiqaeMi Tanse BeoCHBBOBeaayK) apaT-
boctb b CHJiy; EaKi> bbabo, HOBropoAi^u ne judGbjb pasraarojit-
CTBOBaTB, obb He jk>6bti A&se AoroBapBBan CBoefi piia, b OAaaRo
xopomo noBBMaiOTB Apyra APyra; mosbo CRasaTB, hto a&ho cjy-
sbtb y hbx*b OROBTOBÍeifB piraa; TaRosa sflaMeflBTafl pfob Tbopah-
ciaBa: „ToMy eciib paA*, ose bbbh Moea afcry; a bh, ÓpaTbe, bx
nocaAHH^ecTBi b bx Raasexi". PaacRa^ K>saaro jrfcTonacua, Ha
o6opoTb, ouBqaeTCfl o6nmewh noApotiaocrefi, sbboctíio, o6pasao-
ctíio, mosbo cRasaTb, — xyAOsecTBeaaocTÍK>; npeHMjmecTBeeHO bo-
juiHcaafl jAtouECb OTjraiaeTca ocotieaBUMi nodTaqecRBMi cRJiaAOHx
ptaa: HejbSfl ae BairfwaTB saícb bjíbbíb K)sao& npapoAU, xapaR-
Tepa B>saaro aapoAoaaceseBia; mosbo caasaTB, hto B*BropoACRa&
jferonacB otbocbtch r*b k>sbo& — aieBCRofi b bojkibcroK — saRi no-
y%HÍe JlyRH JEhaatij otbocbtcb r*b cjoBawb RapB.ua Ty poBcaaro.
qxo se RacaeTca ao pa3CRasa cyBA&abCRaro ďfrroiiBcija, to obi
cyxi, ae bmíb chjh aoBropoACRož pfew, a Birtcrfc MaororxarojiBBX
Cesi xyAoaeerBeHBOCTH pinrf losaofi; mosbo caasaTb, mto sosaaa
jrfeTODBCb — RieBCRaa a BOJbiecKaa — othocbtca ktb ctBepaofi cys-
AaoiBCROft, Raai C.iobo o IIoJiRy HropeBi otbocbtcb r*b CRasaBiio
o MaMaeBOMi no6oBatfi a 1 ).
B% nooiÍAyK)m,ie B^Ra jiTonecb npoAOJiacajiacB cb tímt* se xa-
paRTepoiďb noroABaro pascRasa, OTpasaB aa ce6t BOjaeaifl bojb-
TBHeCKOft SB3BB, XOTfl, RaRl MEI SaBfŠTUJIH, yse p^ARO B03BfcimaflCb
xo MBoroo&beMAiOB^aro BaitfoaajibHaro BsrjiflAa. Bopbfia oÓBeABaeaiB
B*B MOCROBCROMl n,eBTpÍ OCTaBBJía Bl JI^TOBBCB CBOB CJT&AH, ROrAa
cnopu yA^BBEixi RaaseBifi cb MocrboS 0Tpa3flJBCB BupaseeiflMH
BsaBMaaro aeApysejiiofiia: TaRi, aanpaMip-B, ocofieaao BeApysearoGia
Mea&Ay MocRBOfi a HoBropo^OMt, a TaRse a IIcrobomi,. HcropaRaui
x ) Taní *e, crp. 802.
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314 BftOTHHKB EBPODH.
Ópocaaca vb raasa ocoÓeHHH* towb jítoiibch bi Ty nepexo*HyH>
enoxy, KorAa em,e noji TaTapcsHirB Hrom roTOBBďocB MOCBOBCsoe
ofoeAHHeme, Korxa npocBÍm,eHÍe naxajo h npe BceoÓm,eirB pasxopi
rpyÓ&Ki HpaBB. „Tassera eraHOBSTCs km BCTopHKa ero Tpyji b*b
XTTI H XIV B*KÍ, — rOBOpHTB CÍOJIOBBeBTb, — KOVffiL OHI ocraeTca CB
oahok> OfeBepHOD jštohecbio; noaBJeeie rpaMOTB, hhcjo kotophxb
Bce 6ojie h Óojrle yBejnranBaeTCfl, xaero eiiy hobh&, ÓoraTHĚ Maxe-
piaJTL, ho Bce He bochojhaotb Tóro, o tcitb MOjrearB jítoohch, —
a jítohhch moatofb o caMom mBHOirB: — o npiraraaxi cotítnii,
He AaiOTt BHfffeTB CBA3H flBJeHÍft. HirB (50JTÍe JEHBOfl, xpaMaTHHecBOft
$opiiu pascsasa, si saRott hctop&ri hpbbhri bi DaRHOft rfrro-
hhch; vl OfeBepHoft jítodhch rfAcTBjfonua JHija AiftcTByrorB mojto;
BOioiorL, MHpaTca, ho hh caMH He caasyrB, hh jrfcTOiraceijx on
cefa He upadán,, sa hto ohh boíoíotb, BCJiijCTBie qero iiepaTca;
bx ropoví, Ha ABopft RHasecROirB Heraero He cjhiuho, — Bce thxo;
bc4 CH^arB sanepnracB h AyMarorB ayiiy npo cefa; OTBoparoTCfl
ABepH, Btixowra jto^h Ha cn;eHy, xftiaun *TO-HH6yjB, ho fffciaOTB
MOjraa. KoHeqHO, 8a$cb BiipaxaeTca xapaRTepi bhoxh, xapaRrep*
itfuaro HapoAoeacaieeia, Koroparo ^ficTByioiqifl nija flBiflKmg
npeACTaBHT&traMH: jrfeTOiracei^ He mopl BiiflymiBaTB ptaefi, ROTopmťB
oetb He araxajrB; ho, cb apyroft cropoHH, He^Bsa He sauíiTHTB,
hto caiii jrfrroiiHceij-L HepasroBopiraB, h6o bt> ero xapaBTepš
OTpasaerca TaRse xapaKTepx bhoxh, xapaRTepi itfuaro Hapoxo-
HacejieHifl;' Bax% coBpeMeHHHKx, ohtb sea^B hoapoÓhocth .wÓoiniT-
Haro ABJíeHifl h, OAHaRO, samicaji tojbko, hto „MHoro hítto ne-
CTpoeHie (Shctb" *).
Bo BpeMeHa MOCBOBCsaro n,apcTBa hjh eme parte, cb naso-
bhhu XV- ro B^Ka, sorxa craHOBHTca acho npeoňJiaAame Mockbei,
MOCROBCBafl jtítouhcb nojyraeTB o$$HiúaJBHHfi xapaRTepB. He
BLiaceeHO ao chxi nopx, kto Óim* coÓCTBeHHO HcnoJHHTejeirB
jÍTonecHaro psím. OcrajiHCB jehhib hsbíctía bt» ohhch n,apcRaro
apxHBa BpeMeHi TposHaro, nsi KOTopuxx BaKjroqarorL, qro j*to-
hhcb cocTaBJífljíacL npn ABOpi s ); ho fb to se BpeHfl jAtoiihch
BCJIHCB, BO-nepBHXX, H He Bl MOCKBŠ, a BO-BTOpHXl, COCTaMflJIHCL
h b*b caMofi Mockb* Tause qacTHUMH jiHi(aMH. Hsx BpeMeHx
HBaea III ecn> jiTonecHiifl h3bíctía HHBasi He o^ei^iaiBHiiir,
ť ) Taní xe, cíp. 1324—1325.
2 ) Bi dTofi ohhch HHTaeirB: „CnHCRH qepHHe, nncajn. naMATt, ito nncaTH b*l Jíto-
DHceui Jitrt hobhxi, KOTopue y A-aeKcia (AxauieBa) bmth"; hjh: „Aiuhei 224, a
bi» Hem» cdhckh, ito nncaTH bi JI4TonHcen>, liTa HOBua npHÓpaHH otl i*Ta 7068 Ao
j*Ta 7074 h xo 76 a , T.-e. otb 1560 io 1566 h 1568 (Akth Apxeorpa$H«iecEOH 8&cne-
ahhíh, t. I, W 289).
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jraronflcs h HCTOPia. 315
noTOiiy ito wb hhx* cb HacMimKaMH roBopmca o doxoa£ BeiH-
KarO KHfl3fl npOTHBl AXMSTa H O TOM*, KaKB BeiHBafl KHfirHHH
Co^bfl „fóraja" bi sto Bpeiw hsi Mockbu, hhkíutb HeroHBMaa,
a ea CBHTa saHHM&aacB rpafesoifi irapHiixi aurrejeft; bo Bpe-
MeHa rposHaro, Kor^a iiocROBCBaa jrfrronHCB roBopiua cl noxBa-
jaifH o ero AtaHiaxi, jítoohcb ncBOBCRaa pascuasEiBaja cb He-
roAOBameMi o&b ero Kaseaxi h Apyrac* HeHcroBCTBaxi h t. a*
BH$nraift xapasTepi ráionucaBia ocraerca totx se. HcTopaqecBaa
jHX5o3eaTeji>HOCTi> orpaHHHHBaeica, Kára npesAe, hhcto BHÍmHHirB
eoexHHeHieiii jiítoohchuxx AaHHiixi, Tara hto TenepB cocraBjaioTca
oCmepHLie JÍTonecHtie cboah, urobiz, HanpHiriipB, Tasí HasuBae-
Mufi Co$ifiCRÍ& BpeMeHBHra, D^apcTBeHHaa fÍHara, IlaTpiapmas
JIítoiihcb h t. a-; CTapaa HeeropoBa jtítoohcb no npeseeMy cay-
jbhtb HaqaJBHiJirL nyHKTOMi>, h Hcropia BeAOTca MexasiraecRH roA*
sa roAOMi. 9th noBAHie cboah hmíbotb, OAflaKO, CBoe sHa^eme h
au ApeBHaro HCTopH^ecBaro nepio.ua, Taní Kára cocraBHTejH hxx
hm&ih BBorxa vb pysaxi CTapua jrfcronHCH, He coxpaHHBmiaca ao
Hamero BpeMeeH... Mu rOBopejm ra ApyroarB míctÍ, iwikx anoxa
MOCBOBCKaro i^apcTBa OTpasHJiacB TaKse crpeMjeeieMX ra JiHTepaiyp-
HOMy ofoe/jaHemío. TaKEMi (^aKTOMt jiHTepaTypHaro o6T>eAaeema 6um
íeTB-Manea MHTponojHTa Masapifl, vb KOTopuxi obi xotíutb coÓpaTB
ra nopa^R^ iwueHAapa cocrara ApeBHefl pyccsofi nHCBifesBOcni, —
Kára bx ijepKOBHOMi. tfiny bx to se BpeMfl coBepma^ocB Apyroe
o6xeA0Heeie KaH0HB3an,ieft míctbuxx cbhthxx h cotfupaBieifB HXfc
SHTÍ&. IIoAOÓHoe erpeMjeHÍe Hanuio it&cto h bi JiÍTonacaaiH. 0%
OAHofl dopoHEi oho Tarase crpeMBTca ra nojraorfc e éBoero poAa
o6o<5meHÍio, A&iaa MocRBy ijeHTpajiBBBíMi nyBKTOMi HCTopia pyc-
CKaro rocyAapcTBa, cl Apyroft cropoBii, crapaacB npHAaTB aeropa-
qecKOMy Haaoaeeiio HSBicTHoe nsamecTBO. TjiaBHUMi TpyAOMi no*
AoGsaro poAa 6ujsa CTeneHHaa Kenra.
IIpeSAe i&Wb OCTaHOBHTBCS Ha 9T0fi OOP* MOCBOBCBarO jiíto-
DHCBHÍa, A0JUKH0 ynOM^HyTB OÓX 0C060M1 H BeCBMa 06fflHpH0Ml>
ota^í crapofi HCTopHqecKofi nHCBMeHHOcrn, HaqaTKo KOToparo
aBJífiiOTca yae cb nepBOfo jiiTonHCBio. 9ro — HCTopaqecEifl csasaHia
h SHTifl. TojiKOBaTejin ApeBHefi jiítoohch naxoAnjH yse, hto kt>
iHCJiy ea cocTaBHUxi ^aciefl npoiHaA^es&si Tasme n.íjtifi paA^
ota^bhiixx CKasaaiň, BOTopaa HanajiBHHft jiiTonucen.x hmíji-b ne-
peA* cofiofi roTOBBíHH. TasoBH 6ujih, no hxi mhíhíio, He tojbko
óojite hjh MeHie oĎraapetie HCTopeiecBie dnasoABi, npeACTaBJflK)-
n^ie oneBHAHyic BCTaBKy, BaBi pascBasi o HenepcKOMi MOHaraipl*
h HryMeHi OeoAOcie, pascKasx o Bopací n r^464, HOBropoACBifi
padCicaffB 061 K)rp4 h t. n., ho Aase h Menie EpynHue 9nH80AȒ*
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316 BfcCTHHRl SBPOmi.
Ci Teienera BpeMeHH jrfcTOHHCHufi pascsasi bhahmo npeACTaB-
jaeTca HeflocTaxoHHUMi am HCTopniecEoft jiBotfosHaiejisHOCTH; Bas-
HiJMt HCTopeRecKHMt co6uTÍflMi>, HaaCoxfce saMiqaTejbHHMt mh-
flocTAMi HaiHHacoTB nocBamaTb oco6ufl, óojiie o6cTOflTejibH£ifl no-
BÍCTBOBaHia, ROTopua paspocTaroTca Bce (5ojíe, HaiBHaa cb XUI-ro
B^Ba h ao BpeMero iiocROBCRaro ijapcTBa. Bt> bthxx CRasaeiaxt.
npoxoAflTx BOo6m,e ABa cmaa: cb oaho& CTOpOHBi, bto— pacnpo-
CTpaHeHHaa ráTOnncb hjih cmšcb jítohhch h aurria, cb Apyroft, —
nonHTKa nódTHiecRaro asjíosema, paHHifi npHMtpB KOToparo npex-
CTaBJflíOTL BojiHHCKaa j^TonecL a Cjiobo o nojRy HropeBi. IIpaBAa,
HBiero noAoOearo nocfliAHeiiy He íbhjiocb b*b AaJbfffeftmefi nacbMee-
hocth, ho *to oho He 6u2o aafiaTO n coxpaHHJio cbok) npHBJíeEa-
TejibHOCTb AJia crapuxi rhbxhhrob*, o6t> stoitb CBHA&TejbCTByH>rb
ABHLifl no^pasaBifl eiiy b* nosAHfeftniBXfc cRasaHiaxt o MaMaeBOMi>
no6onmi (bi „3ajiOHmBHt a h apyrax* peAaRijiax*). TopasAO Óojrbe
<$bi;rb pacnpocrpaHeHi nepBuft thhi, coeAHHeme jrfrronHCHaro pas-
CKasa Cb B03BDffleHHUMT> CTHJieMi SHTia. Ecjih bi Giobí aoxoahjo
Ao HHCbMeHBocTH AajieRoe oTpaseme HapoAHO-noBTHiecRaro npeAaHia,
TO BT> »HTÍH aBTOpHTeTHUMl OÓpaSIJOMl ÓblJH BH8aHTÍflCKÍfl JRHTÍa, B3~
AaBHa 8HaKOMua noioatHO-cjaBAHCKOMi, a BCRop$ h pyccsnMi nepe-
BOAaMi. ffirHTia mu BCTpiqaeMi. Meawy nepBUMH npoHSBeAeHiaMH bos*
HHKaBmefi JHTepaTypLi, h npHTOMi. yse wb OT^eTJiHBO BbipaóoTaH-
Hoft (fcopiifc, RasoBii óujih, HanpHiťfepb, HedopOBO SHTie OeoAOcia,
aaria Bopaca h I\rftóa. #0 Rasoft ereneHH 6hjo CHJibHO Bjiaeie
BH8aHTÍflcRHxi oňpasijOB-b, mojsho BBA^Tb asi Bcero xapaRTepa Hameft
crapoft HBCbMeHHOCTH bx ea yqarejibHOMi OTA&rb, r^i nepBLie pyc-
CKie nncaTejiH ee toulko cb hojihok) toihoctík) noBTopaja Aorica-
TB^ecRÍa yiema, ho vl t4xi se BupasemaxTb HSJaraM h cboe
HpaBCTBeHHua HaseAaoia, TaRi wo bx Hameft HHCBMeHHOCTH cpasy
BOABOpHJICa TOťb peTOpHHeCRÍft CTHJIb, ROTOpElft AaBHero HCTOpífift,
ecxoAfl eme H3i> npeAaHift RjaccaqecRofl ap^bhocth, BupaóoTa.ica
bi JiBTepaTyp* BH3aHTÍftcRofl, a y Hacb awajica BApyn, HenpHro-
TOBJíeHQija hhy&hi>, TaRi RaRi HHRaRoro RHHSHaro nponuaro ao
xpHCTiaHCTBa He 6ejjio, c^AOBaxeJibHO, ne norjo ciosHTbca HHRa-
Roro JiHTepaiypHaro npeAaHia... Bt nepBoe Bpeiia, ROHeqHO, eme
He Morjio 6uTb TaRaxx HdBpan^eHift, npaBeAeHHHXi HeAOcraTROM^
fflBo.ibi, RaRia ÓHBajiH, RaRi yBHAHMX, BnocjrfcACTBÍH. BpeMeHa flpo-
cjiaBa cqerraiOTca He 6esi ocHOBaHia anoxoft CB^saro novena
pejflriosHuxT, h oípasoBaTejibHaxx CTpeaueHift, ucspeHHaro yB^e-
qeHia hobmmt» yqeHieMx, ROTopoe aBJajiocb a^omi AytneBHaro caa-
ceHia h BMtcrt Han.ionajbHiJMx HAeajiOMx: TaROBa 6uja AiaieJL-
eoerb llenepcKaro MOHamipa; TaROBi 6bijix xpyAi nepBHxi nuca-
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j&TonHCb e hctopw. 317
Teiei, BOSBe^eqHBaBraex^ na&iaTB BHaaa Bja^aiiipa, BOTopuft eme
He (Siwb cbatbim^, Tpy;?B uM&ňbuhro JiÍTonHcn,a, Tpy^i MOHaxa
IaKOBa, Hecropa, HiapioHa, OeoAocia, híckojbko noa^rie, Kapejuia
TypoBCsaro, h eme nOsflHÍe, cocraraTejieft KieBO-ne^epcBaro Ilaie-
pinta. Meauy hhmh ÓiiBaaa jho^h cl Óojbiuok) Ha?HTaHH0CTÍK), ho
OÓUKHOBeHHO, H OCOÓJBBO Wh EepBOe BpeMfl, .H1TB ÓHJťL HeOtiXOAHMS
oCpasei^B, Basi pyBOBO*CTBO. #o sasoti CTeneHH obh Hy&aajiBCfc
Bl> TaKOlfB pyKOBOACTBÍ, M03KHO BHA4TB HO C^aHHIIMl HeftaBHO
CJHiemaafB HeeropoBa shtúi Oeoxocia c% ero BireaHTiScKBMH oópas-
n;aMe (bx nepeBOXHiixi aunlaxi): Borja Hecropi cocraBJía.ra bto
série, nepe#B hhmi 6hjtb y»e ifkaHft pa;n> nojoóeuxx kbtí&. Tasí
bt> ocotfeHHOCTH ke shtíh pyccsaro CBflToro noBTopeeu He tojbko
OTjtfuBHHa Bupasema, ho h itfuiue, Óoaiie bjb Meeie 8Ha?HTe.aB-
HHe 8HH30AH nno^ecBaro noABBra hst» aeria CaBH OcBameHHaro *);
bt> 6caie paBHeMi HecTopoBOir* weme o Eopncfe h rjrftói, Ha-
HHcaHHOirB noji fiaiameirb coHHHeHia o tomi se npejMerfc mo-
naxa IaBOBa, HaxojiaTca TaBse cchjrb Ha khtíjj Ebctr^ía Ilja-
rbah» ^HMBTpifl CoayHCBaro b t. A- TaKBMt o6pasoM% yse bi
nepBiixi npoHSBejemaxi Hamefi erapofi HHCBMeHHOCTH OTBpuBaeTca
Bjiame dToro cmía, KOTopoe pacmapaeTca hotomb Bce 6cuie kb
nooritayttmie Bisa.
Pfl#B HOAOĎHHXX BCTOpHieCBHXl CBa8aHÍfi H^en b*b ocofieH-
hocth cl XIH-ro Bina. Bi hhxi npoxojarL Ba&Htia h CTpamBLia
cofoma h repOH^ecm aaiia pyccBoft shshh: eamecTBie BaTua, o
KOTOpOMi ocrajiBCb CKa3aHÍa, iacTÍK> $aBTH?ecBÍa, lacriH) Jieree-
japHua; ra(Seib kb opafc pyccsext BHasefi — Mexaejia lepearoBCKaro
b Mexanaa TBepcsoro; shshb BHasa AjiescaHApa HeBCBaro, soToparo
HCTopH^ecBaa hob£ctb to cpaBHHBaerB c% AxHjiiecoMi, hskIcthhmi
no CRasamairB o Tpoi, to BsoCpasaero Basi cBBToro b*b crazrii
XHTia; TaKOBO (Simo HaraecTBie Maiiaa h OTpaseHie ero ^HMHTpieMx
j^OHCRHMi), — coňflTie, KOTopoe oco6eHHO nopaaBJo jmu bi CBoe BpeMfl,
tevl šasi ^OHCsoe noConme Chjio nepBHMi,, xoth eme He bhojihí
ycniraHLUTL OTnopoMx TaTapcsoMy ary, h pascaasx o newb b% pas-
jh^huxi pe^aKi^iai-B, cl ({ojbhihmi bjh MeetmeMi. KOJienecrBOMt
peTopHqecBHXx yBpamemfi, nepenacuBajica hotomi MHOsecTBO paši
h Aomeai vb HapoAHofi BHHrš ao Hamero BpeMeHH. 3ai"6Mi pas-
cxasaHa tiraa oco(5o 6iorpa$ia ^HMHTpia ^oecRoro: sto 6íuo, co6-
CTBeHHO roBopa, noxBajiBHoe cjobo, HanecaHHoe, BaseTca, He tojbko
Cb KHHaHHMX, HOHCl HCBpeHHHMl SpaCHOplmeMl. OT^BHOe CRa-
*) íihhhhA paxi conocTaweHifi crfiaffi, r. UlaxiiaTOBHin, bi „HsetcTÚji" pyo»
ciaro OTjiijiema Ama^eiriH, 1896, sh. I, wp. 46—65.
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318 BfcCTHHKB EBPOUI.
samé (Jhjio nocMmeBO jiHTOBCROHy rmbio ^OBMOHTy, samHTHHKy
TIcKOBa otb h4mi^€bx; kx HCTopia 6opb6u HoBropoja cb nreexaMi
oTHOCHTCfl jMOÓonuTHiifi jiereHAápHEift naiUTHHBi „PyBonecaHie Ma-
rsy ma, Kopou CBiftcicaro". PascRasaHO 6mo HamecTBie Toxxa-
Muma, HCTopifl TaMepjaHa hjh TeMHjKB- ÁRcaRa, „sejrf&Haro xpoMija" ;
6uao ocoóoe CRasame o na^emn HoBropoaa, o npHxorf* AxifaTa
Ha Yrpy, o naaeBin IIcKOBa, ofo oca^i IIcsoBa BaTopieirB h t. j.
Bi 9TMxt cBaBaHiflxi HcropHKB Ha&ACTB Hep&ARO BasHHfl noRa-
saHifl coBpeMeuHHBOBi, KHor^a 6msKETb cBH^Tejefi coótrrift, hjh
Hafixen OTroiocsH HapoAHHxi npeaamft, ho HaftxerB Tasse h
ofinjiLHyH) peTopHKy— oÓpasqeEH pacnpocTpaeaBmaroca Torja khhz-
Haro CTUfl... Bci 9th csasaeifl o6urhob6Hho saHOce.incs hotoitb
b* jiítohhcb, ROTopaa TaKHMx otipasoirB Majio-no-Majy npeBpanja-
jiacB bi HCTopnqecRift cĎQpHHKt h noxroTOBJuua nosAH&ftnríe 06-
miipHue cboah.
OfinmpHufl ot^íub crapofi nHCBiieHHOCTH cocTaBHJiH srhtíh. Ha-
qajo hxx, RaRi mu bhjIuih, noJoseHO óhjio b*b caMyio nepByK)
nopy Haraefl HHCBMeHHOCTH: shtía rhasa Bdajuaiiipa, Bopaca h
Fjrftóa, GeoAOcia h np. Bhocjšactbíh 8Ta Jieiepaiypa paspocraeTOi
jo BecBMa oÓmnpHuxi pasiiipoBi. Kor^a xpacTiaHCTBo orohto-
TeaBHO ycmHOBHJiocB, i^epROBHafl sbshb Bce 6oji4e cjraBaeTca cb
shshbk) HapoAHofi: Hapo*Hoe MÍpoB033pÍHÍe cTpoHTCfl no ijepROB-
HOMy co^psaHÍK); nojranraecRafi shshb enje He 6uji& ofoeAHHeHa,
h RasAafl oftiacTB Ewberb cboio ocotfyio cbbtuhio, npeAMero hohh-
Tania h ropxocTH, Ha ROTopoifB cocpejOTOHHBaeTca naipioroiecRoe
qyBCTBO h jereHAa. ParariosHOCTB co Bceio HenocpexcTBeHHOcriK)
cpe^HHXX bírobi oRpysaerB opeciOMx cmtocth Rnaaeft, aámamaio-
mjuTh poAHHy, CBflTHT&iefi, oxpaHaiomHX^ ^fejio ijepBBB, tfjaroqe-
CTHBBIXX OTm&IBHHROKB, KOTOpBie, yftaSflJICB OTB MÍpa, OCHOBEIBUH
OÓETeJH Wb nyCTEIHHEIXl PfiÓpSTb H CTaHOBHJIBCB ROJlOHHSaTOpaifH,
HJH npeAnpHHHMajH noxBHrB pacnpocrpaHeHia xpecnaHCTBa ifesxy
a3UHecKHMn HHopoAi^aMH h t. g. Ko BpeiieHaiťB MOCROBCRaro i^ap-
CTBa 9to ABHseHie AOdHrjo CBoero anorea: Ras^aa oÓ.iaciB, Ras*
Allfi RpyHHBlfi rOpOA*B HM&TB CBOH CBflTUHfl — B*B ApeBHeiTB XpaMÍ,
Wh lyAOTBOpHOfi HROH&, BX MOH^aXl CBflTOLH) H yrOAHHRa, H Ha 9T0ft
noqrt BtipocL CBoeoópasHuft anocB jereH^H, SHBmifi wb ycraxt
Hapoxa, h 3artMx Ďojie hjh MeHÍe npoHHRaBmift bi nHCBiieHHOCTB.
roBopHMx: 6ojťke hjih MeHie, noTOMy, hto jereH.ua AfweRO ho Bcerxa
HaxoA^a mícto bi rhhií kb toA ^opsrb, b*b RaRofi oea snjia b*b
ycraxx napoja; ri Heft npHĎaBHjrca totb ajeMeHTB KH&2RHH*ecTBa,
O ROTOpOMl MU rOBOpH.lU, H ROTOptlft BO MHOrHXl OiyiaflXl JH-
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jisTonacb b HCTOPifl. 319
naurh HapOAHoe CRasanie ero HenocpeACTBeHHOCTH, saspuro ero
ycJOBHHMH ^opiiaMH HsyBpameHHaro cthjul
,3,0 chxi nop% eme He bdojihíi BiuiueHii pasHopoxníie aae-
MeHTii otiniHpHoft JiHTeparypH aterift l ). Jhumb bi HeMHoraxi cjy-
qaax-L coxpaHHiHC* tekl HasmaeMija nepBH?HM pexasijiH, kb ko-
lopnxi naaarajiecb oceoBHue $aBxu, pasBirrae noTOin bt> npo-
crpaBHUxt shtúixi; beshua HcropBqecKH, šasi cooómeme $asTa,
wh nepBHHHHfl pexauÚH s ) npejciaBUOTB Májo HHTepeca bi jme-
parypeoirL OTHomeHÍH, Basi hítto noxosee Ha lepHOBOfi HaÓpo-
coitb, He oxpaaaFomifi bhojih* HapoAHOfi jereHAH. Ob jpyroft cto-
poHu npocTpaHHua pe^aRiÚH, yse HsxaBHa npHHHMaBmia HCKyc-
CTBeHHIlfi BHHSHElft CTMB, KB CHJiy BTOIH) BHaiHTeJIBHO TepJMH H BI
l ) 9tomj Bonpocy nocwmeHO 6uio xo chxb nop* He m&io Óoi&e ni MeaieBax-
bhxb TpyxoBi. IIocďB „HcTopiH pyccKofi ciOBecHOCTH u UleBHpeBa, „HdopiH pyccKoft
sepne* Maiapi*, „OÓsopa xyxoBHofi JHTepaTypn" $HiapeTa ■ np., KOTopse Baca-
ná iHTepaTyps utíb, hji HenocpejCTBeHHo npiHHMaji bxb coxepsame hjh npn-
nnui Kb htutb jbjhb nepBOHa*aiiHj» bphthbj CTeneBu hxb HcropOTecxoĚ xocTOuftp-
bocth, oxhbmh H8i nepBHxi Tpyxore, rxi sarpoHyrB 6fUT> kbjhi Boopoc* iereHxap-
Boft no93ÍH ■ jara npmrfepH xcraiBnaro pasóopa híkotophxb CEasamfl, 6hih:
— HcTopsqecKie o^epcH pyccsofi HapojHofi ciobcchocth h icKyccTBa, Byciaeiia,
Cn6. 1861, jsa Tona. 3j$cb: pasóopi cmoi6hckoh lereHXH o cbatomb Mepsypia, po-
croBCEofi jereHXH o nerpft uapeBBYB opxhhcbomb; „HxeaiBHHe xeHCsie lapas-repn
ApeiHefl PycH a (Mapea h Mapu, K)iiaB±i JasapaBCsa*), „Hosropoxi h MocEja",
„Jtorepaiypa pyccsHXB hsohoiivchnxb noxiHHHHBOBi", „BHXBHie Maprapi*, oceoBa-
t6jb 3ejeHofi nycTHHH tf y MypoMCBaB jereHxa o Ilerpi ■ ftespoHis bb conocTauemn
cb nicHBMH xpesHefi 9xxh o 3Brypxi ■ np. PaHime aBTopi iacajca xpeBHefi lereHXH
bb „JHtobhcjixb pyccKofi JHTepaTypa o xpeBHOCTH a TnxoHpaBOBa, t. III h IV.
— Hb. HespacoBa, n 3apo«xeme nauioHajBHoft iHTepaTypa bi ctsepHofi PycH tt .
HacTB nepBaj (Bropoft ne 6sio). Oxecca, 1870.
— B. KaraeBCBaro, „^peBHepycciw shtíb cbbthxi, Basi HCTopnecEift hctoi-
HHKi tf . M. 1871, — jynmee spaTH^ecsoe HaciixoBaHie o6t HCTopEiecKom SHa^eHÍa
XBTifi, BpeMeHi hxi HanHcaHÍB, etl pasjHHBHxi pexasuÍBXi h t. x.; Tpyx* sairtqa-
TeitHHft tbmi> 6orBe, hto aBTopi pa6oiaxB noíTH HCKjn>HHTeiBHo Ha ocHOBamH pyto-
iHcet.
— E. roiyÓHHcxaro, „HcTopi* pyccsoft AepKBH tf .
— fi. BacHiBesa, „HcTopiB BaHOHHsanjB pyccsexi cbbthxi u . M. 1898 (Hra „HTe-
Hil tt MOCBOBCxaro 06m. hct. h xpeBH.).
IlepecKaBH coxepaLaeiji *htíb fb khhi-b apxienHcxona *HjapeTa: „PyccEie cbb-
rae u , 1861—1868. BnÓjiorpa^HHecKia o6sopi pyKOOHceft bi khhtí H. BapcyiOBa:
^Hctohhhbh pyccBoft ariorpa^ÍH u . Oapae t€kcth ketíA h lereexapHHxi cBaaaeift bi
cocrart jítohhch HsxaBaiHCB n „IIojhomb coÓpaeiH pyccxHXB iftTonpceft" h bi cta-
pHX£ BsxafliaxB CTeneeHofl zbetb, EbnoHOBCiofi jítoqhch h np.), h otxíibho bi
„IIpaBOCiaBHOMT, Co6eCÍXHHBt U , Bl „íyXOBHOMB BtCTBHE*", BI „Il8BUTHHEaxi CTa-
pHHHofi pyccROĚ JHTepaTypH a , KocTonapOBa, m> paaiHqBHXB hsxbhíbxb CpesHeBCsaro,
BB H3XBHÍBXB 06meCTBa IDÓHTBJíefi XpeBHefi nHCBMeHHOCTB, BB MaKApbeBCKHXB Mh-
BeHxi, HsxaBaeMHXB Apxeorpa^ireecROH KomiHccieS h t. x*
s ) KoTopuMB ocoóeHHoe BHaneflie apexasan H. HespacoBB.
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320 BfctTHHKX EBPOlttl.
HCTopHiecRoft BasHOCTH b bx cmhcjtí HapoAHO-nodTH<iecBaro csjía^a
npeAamft. BcjrfjACTBie 8Toro Bzr&wb Ha jrbtíb, bbbx JHTepaTypHufi
naMATHHRi, CMa^HBajicfl pa&nraHO. Kor^a Hsyqeme hxx tojbbo-
hto HaiBHadOCb, bx hhxx o&ha&ib aafiTH tforamfi saaacx sast
HCTopHqecBH-ÓHTOBoro, TaKi h HapoAHO-no9TH<iécBaro coAepsBama, —
h r. ByaiaeBy bx ynoMaayTuxx TpyAaxx yAaaocb A^&CTBBT&ibHO
yKasaTB bx jnrrepaTypfc mwňŘ 9hh30ah, oieHb xKróonuTHiie h xa-
paBTepHiie bx tomx h apyroMX oTHotnema. Ho OTHOCHTejBHO Maccu
9T0fi JiHTepaiypu HscaiAOBaTejra, Basx r. K.iřoqeBCKÍ&, ophxoahjh
CRopfce bx OTpHuaTejBHOMy BEiBOAy: shtía AasaiH iieHbine wa 6n-
TOBOft HCTOpie H M* 3aBJIK)?eHÍfi O HapOAHOfi n098ÍH, «T&MX M02CHO
6u.no 6u osExaib. 3A-fccí> hmghho CRasajca otiapS xapaBTepx cra-
pofi nHCbMeHHOCTH, BOTopaa, ycTpaHHBmH Boo6me eapoAHO-nosTHqe-
cKoe npe^ame, He Morjia HenocpeicrBeaHO npuMBayTb bx eeMy h
Tam, rxb 9to npe^aflie A^ficTBOBajio yme na xpucnaHCKo-JiereH-
AapHoft uoivb. Totx rhhsbuS peTopEqecBift ctob, KOToptifi no-
ABHJica bx nepBuxx naMBTHHRaxx bx noApajsame rpeiecRBMx o6pas-
ijaiix, cx TeqenieMX BpeMemi B080(ÍJiaAaj!x ao Tasofi creneHH, tto
AM KHHrH HHofi, fiojiie npocToft h shboSl craib sasajica yse bbbx-
ÓyATO HeB03M0»HHMX. lípa HeAoeraTB* oiKOJiu He 6ujo h npocroro
OTHomeHifl bx JHTepaTypHOMy TpyAy: na^o 6ujio npeaRAe Bcero sa-
3aTbCfl BHHJKHHMX ?eJIOKbROMX; BHHSHElft TOJlOBtox AOJSeHX ÓH.ÍX
yiri&Tb roBopuTb „otx HEcama", CTapajca ynoTpeÓMTb HsucsaHHiifl
Btipasema, cmaa HeAOCToftHHMX Braní npocTOfi bshbx shshh;
BHHXHBie JIK)AB 3B HeAOCTaTBOMX HIBOJIH MOMH ÓElTb TOJbBO Ha-
qeTqHBaMH, sname KOTopuxx 6tuo tojibko BH&araee, ÓyBB&ibHoe,
BBBX 8T0 HOCJA H 0Tpa3BJI0Cb hb pacsojrb XYH-ro BÍBB.
Hama cpeAHie bírb otx TaTapcsaro HamecTBia e ao mocbob-
CBaro n,apcTBa 6ujh, HecoMHÍHeo, yna^KOMX oTHOCHTejbHO rtxx
Hawjix, Basifl mu HaáiH>AaeMx bx nepBBie b$bb Hamefl nncbMeH-
hocth. Poccia ciBepo-BOcroqeaa bo bcbboitb c.iynai 6uxa Aajibme
OTX 06pa80Bai6JIbBEIXX h ByxbTypHiixx B086ySAeHÍft, tfllfb 6ujx
CTapufi KieBx h Aa&e HoBropo^x. JlaTepaTypa TepaeTX npeaHioio
CB^secTb h paaHOotfpaaie, h BHHaBHaa HCByccTBeHHOCTb eme ycejH-
BaeTca: cx XIV — XV bíbb, npH OTcyrcTBiH Apyrnxx oÓpaaoBaiejib-
heixx BOsfiyatAeHifl, HaiHaaeTCfl oco(5eHHoe Bjiaeie nHCbiieHHOCTH
K)SHo-cxaBflHcaot } ocoCjhbo ceptfcBoft^
K)sHO-cxaBflHCBÍB n,apcTBa nepesaBajia bx XIV b*r* Tflseraft
HCTopHqecRift KpasHCx: sa nojfiTHqecBBMX noA^eMOMx ÓoJirapcKaro h
h cep6cKaro n,apcTBa nocniAOBaxo CTpaniHoe na^eHie; oóa i^apcrBa
ÓbiJiH yHHíToaeHH Typei^BHiix HamecTBieiix saAOxro ao na^eflia
KoacTaHTHHonojifl, h Hai^ioHajiBHaa shshb HCBaaa cnaceHia bx npp-
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j*TOii0Cí> h HCTOPia. 321
KOBHO-jHTepaTypeoft aiaraiBHOcni, ijeHTpoMt BOTopoft ct&tb Aoohi.
Bl TpeBOKHUXX COÓHTUXl BH3aHTÍftCBO& SH3HH HOCjrflAHHXl Bpe-
MeffB HiinepiH Aookb, Basx hsbíctho, Hrpara BaatHyio pojb, koto-
paa orpasuacB h bt> ero bjújihíh Ha cjaBaHCRyio nncBMeHHOCTB.
3to 6hjo cpegoroiie pexHriosHaro B086y»Aema, oahhmi hsi co-
axamft soroparo Ótua h kb Hameft JKrepaTypft xiuiTejiBHOCTB Hajá
Gopcsaro; ajfecB 6iuo cpejOTorie h jtfuiTejiBHOCTH bhhsho&> otk>-
jocsh soropoft AonuiH h ao c&Bepo-BOCTOuoft Poccíh: pyccBÍe fijwro-
HeCTSBBe BHHSHU6 JUORE »HBajH KB KOHCiaHTHHOnOjt h Ha AeoH-i,
ycepAHO cnncuBaiH khoth, a Tarate h nepeBOAfuni hxx h npHHO-
eui hxx AOMoft; npoHcxoAHjB hobhS nperoKx roatHO-CJiaBaHCKBX*
khhfb, a BM-krrt cb Tbu% crajiH npHxojHTB bx Pocciio H hhrho-
ciaBflHCKie yieHHe khhshhbh. TasoBi 6114% 8HaiieeHTuft Mffrpo-
nojnm KoapianB, x)&HO-pyccsi& irarponojiiiTB rparopift I^aiiaiairB,
IlaxoMift JIoroeeTi, nojy-fairapii, nojiy-cepÓH. noctf£jBÍ& kb oco-
6eHH0CTH odHaMeHOBajťB ceóa kb xHTepaTypfc pyccBnxi sKrifi.
lOsHO-cjiaBdíHCBafl HHCBiceHBOCiB XIV — XV Biíca tuťksa ojHy
OTJuraHTeJBHfio nepTy, KOTopaa noBTopHJiacB h kb Hameft nncBiieH-
HOCTH. ECJH ÓHBaJIH M6SAy H>»HO-CJiaBaHCKHlIH HHCaTeJIflMH JHOJH
cb ÓOAbmoio HaHHTaHHOCTBio h xapoBaHieiťB, to y JTOAefi 6&rb OToro
japoeaHia h 6evb HacToanjaro rxy&Karo coftepasaHia, ho se^aB-
fflffTB ÓJHCTaTb yqeHOK) BHH8H0CTÍH), pa8BIU0CB jo HenoifipHuxi
pasirfcpOKB to, .*it6 HasuBajra „AOÓpocjiOBieM^". 9to óubíwb Ha-
(Sop* numHBixT, cjokb, AOxoAHBmift Hep&ABO jo hojhoB Óescifuc-
iHu;a *), 9ia MaHepa nepenua kb XV ctojtítíh h wl HamHirc
KHHZHHBairB. Bi 9to Bpeira símě BooÓme nojiy^aerB hobu& xa-
paKTepi: b% Eem> ciaHOBHTca bíurbuitl He ctoibko coo6m,eHÍe
$aBTORBy cbojibko noy?eme kb acBeTH^ecKOMi xyx$, h &aa eroro
HOCrtXHJirO KB H30ÓBJÍH npHlrflHeHO ÓHJIO H)2BH0-CJiaBfiHCB0e „jotfpo-
eiosie* h 9 njieTeHÍe caoBecB 8 . Grapna jraria, kb kotophx-b aioro
He 6hjo, ckuh BasaTBca Hey^OBJíeTBopHTeJiBHUMH, h TenepB cohjih
HySHHlTB HHCaTB HXJB BHOBB, COCTaBJIflTB HOBUfl pe^aBlýH. B*B
woitb eanpaBJíeHiH paÓOTajTB yae KenpiaHi, cocTaBHBmift HOByio
pewKD,ÍH) xHiia MHTponojiHTa IleTpa, ho Bt oco6eHHOCTH IlaxoMifi
JIoroeerB; pa^OM-B cb hhmh craBarB eme „npeMy^paro" Enn^aBifl,
asiopa «htí6 OreýaHa IlepMCsaro h Cepria PajOHescRaro (b*b
nepBOi nojOBHfli XV Bisa). EnH^amfi nncan yse wb hobomt,
cthjí: HaiHTaHHiift bx JHTepaTypí snrifi pyccKHXi h nepeBOAHiixi,
wb itepsoBHOiťB EpacHopinin, ohx oÓhjibho pacro^ajix bt> cbohxx
x ) IIpHatpH Tasoro xotipocjiOBiji npHBexeHH fb khht* rMB^epi^Hra: ^Bochw,
repneroBiraa ■ crapaa CepÓU". Cn6. 1859, CTp. 277— -279.
Tom IY.— Imb, 1896. 21
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322 B*CTHHRT> EBPOntí.
SHTiflx^ peTopnqecRifl $Hrypu h MHorocAOBie, n TaRt jboÓhjtb „njie-
TeHÍe cJOBecB*, ito wa onHcama npaBa Cepria noftOÓpara Bočen -
HawaTB npMaraTejiBHHx-B, a wa de^ara ABajmaiB hbtb. „Ene-
$am& He 6mT> mockbhto, — sairfraaerB r. KameBCsift, — h He cmo-
wýbJLT* Ha cofiuTia mockobckhmh oasami: KaKx b*b jrhshh CiejtaHa
Ohi ynpeRHyjii MOCRBHieft sa HeftOcraToiHoe npnsHaeie nojBeroe*
nepMCKaro npocBtraTeja, Tasí bi npaBAHBOirB pascRasft o nepe-
cejemH GeprieBa oma hsx PocTOBa He Baayiiajica BucraBHTB nas-
ho& npnqHHOft coCuria mockobckía HacKuia* l ). Ho npeifyxpEii
Eae^aHÍ& 6hui% enje npeB3ofUeHi> ceptiuHOira IlaxoMieira, iepoMO-
HaXOMl CbBTOS TopU, ROTOpufi CTaJTB OAHH1TB 081 n.90AOBHT£Í-
ihhxi nHcaTejieft XV bíto.
riaxoMift, — no csoBaMii r, KjEOieBCRaro, — „BunieďB H3B cpejo-
Toiia npaBoeiaBHofi rpeRO-cjaBaHCRoft oópasoBaHHOCTH XIV — XY b.,
hsb CbstoB ropu, h BHHecB orryaa BHCOKoe noHflrie ofo oxpa-
HHTeJBHOft CJSÁ POAHO& HHCBMeHHOCTH flJIfl HJieMeHH... IIaXOMÍfl
MHoro ^HTa.iH bb ApeBHeft Pyce e ycep^HO nojpasajH npieifaifB
ero nepa: ero TBopeHia cayjKHJiH e&m jih He rjiaBHUMH oňpasijaMH,
no KOTopuMt pyccsie ario6iorpa(J)u cb KOHija XV b. yqnjHCB HCRyc-
CTBy OHHCHBaTB 2BH3HB CBflTOro". Bl TJiasaXl pyCCKHXl RHHJRHH-
robi XV b. 9T0 6ujii> vejiovbKi* „orb iohocth ycoBepnmBtmfica KB
ancamn h bo bc&xb ^HJioco^iaxt, npeB3omexmifi bc&xb rhbshh-
kobx pa3yMOMt h My^pocTÍio a . „TaKoft tojobítob 6hjtb Hy&eHi Ha
Pyce vrb XV b., h nOTOMy, Rorxa ohi> aBHJica s^icb, BeJHRÍft rhubb
H MHipOnOJIHTL cb cotiopoMB, BOBropoACRÍfi BjraABiRa h nryMewB
MOHacTiipa oópama-iHCB r*b HeMy cl npocBóaMH h nopyqeHiaMH Ha-
QHcaTB o tom* mh ApyroMi CBaTOWB. ^ocTaTOiBO nepeciHTaiB
TBopeHia IlaxoMia, npHBeaeHHHa bb bsb^cthoctb, ito6ei bhjítb,
AJra ?ero coócrBeHHO 6hjio HysHO Ha Pyce ero nepo h mb ho-
Baiu BHeeso oho b*b pyccRyio nncBMeHHOCTB. HaxoMift Hanacan,
He MeHte 18 RaHOHOBs n 3 mh 4 noxBkUBHiia caoBa cbjítlim-b,
6 otaíjibhuxb CRasaHift h 10 aarift; hsi docjiíahhxx tojibko 3
iiosHO cqiTaTB opHrHHajiBHHMH npoH3Be,a,eeiaMH, ocTajiBBua — hobiu
pe^aKD^ia hjh nepaioseHia npes^e HaoHcaHHux^ óiorpa^ifi. 3anacB
pyCCKHXt I^epROBHUXl BOCHOMHHaHifl, HaROHHBHli&Ca Vb nOJOBHHt
XV b., HaAOÓHO 6ej.io BBecra bt, nepKOBHyio npaRTHRy h b*b co-
CTaBi Aynienojie3Haro qTema, ofipan^aBmaroca b% orpaHHqeHHOMt
Rpyry rpaMOTHaro pyccRaro oÓnjecTBa. ÍJia BToro HaAOĎHO Óujlo
oÓJienb 9th BOcnoifHHaHia b% (JopMy n,epKOBHo8 CJiysÓu, oiOBa hjh
ffiflTÍfl, BT> TÍ $0pMLI, BT> RaRBXl TOJbKO H MOTA* OHH HpHBie^b
x ) KjiDHeBCEifl, crp. 181.
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JftTOHHCB H HCTOPIfl. 323
BHHMaHie HHTaíomaro o6mecrBa, sorxa nocróxHee eme He bhxíuo
n hhxx npeAMera He tojbko am HayiHaro 8 Hama, ho h am npo-
croro HcropHiecKaro .notfonuTCTBa. B-b btoA crattHCTHiecsoft nepe-
pa6oTK* pyccKaro Maiepiaja h coctohtl Bce jHTepaiypeoe sHaie-
Bie riaiOMia... BocnpoasBOAa totb hjih Apyroft hcto?hhkb, Haxo*-
Mift hhckojbbo He saÓOTHJca o toítb, ytoóbi HCiepnaTE ero bhojhíi,
h BCJhj;cTBÍe pa8Hux*B npHHHHL xonycicaji MHoro HeTOinocreft b*b
CBoeirL BOcnpoH8BeAeHÍH... HeAOcraTOKx HenocpeACTBeHHaro 8HaBOM*
ersa cb A&icTBHTejBHOCTBK> ob% bocdojhajii peTopaaoft sirrift, bo-
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h saHOHOBi h nojiB80Bajicfl BejHsofi caaBOfi; ero sBaie h bi MocBBy
h bx HoBropoffB, htoÓh nojiB80BaTBCfl ero HCKyccTBOMX, h ero flim-
TeJLHOCTB He oerajiacB (fen njo^OBX 8 ). Bx jierepaTypi shtíA
XVI Btaa h no3AH*e npo?HO ycTaHOBHJca cthjb, BiipaÓOTaHHuft
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„qyaecB* npHBexeHO 6iuo tfuiTeJBHOCTBH) SHaMeHHraro MHTponojifrra
Masapia, a HMeHHO, bth nponsBejeHia noeaAOÓHJiBCB npa KaHora-
3an,ÍH pyccKHxx cbatuxi Ha cotiopaxx 1547 h 1549 roAOBt. Totb
se HCTopsicB »HTÍft oTMfoaerB, mto 9to HOBoe ABnaeme, B036y«-
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heixi npoflBjeHifl n,eHTpajB3an,ÍB, KOTopaa pasBHB&iacB bt> pyccKoft
n,epKBH, paflOMt c% rocyAapcTBeHHoft, ho ito oho He hphhochjio
') Ki»HeBCKÍfl, CTp. 165—167. Ohi hphboahtb saiitaaHie rBTonncija, „Moxero
ohtb, exHBCTBeHBoe bi xpeBHe-pyccKoft MTepaTypi" (Hojh. co6p. ji*t. VI, cíp. 196),
o tom*, babi Ilaxoxifi (hchojhbh nopynenie Bacmeft BjacTH) oncan ciobo o o6pÍTe-
híb nomeĚ cb. DeTpa bi 1472: a vb ciobí tomi Hannca, bko bi rBji u (T.-e. HeTifa-
hhmi) „oóp&jra HyjoTBOpija, HeBipifl pa*H iDjCKaro, saHeze soft toiko ee wb riit
jeim, totb y hhxi hb cwm, a Tóro He noiuHyn, bio bocth Hara hctohbdtb Hcn$-
jeHÚi".
f ) OxHOBpexeHBO ci r. Kj»qeBCKHMi, KOTopuft nocBBTHJt UaxoMii) utiyo naBy
CBoefi kbeih, aa neMi cnenjau>HO ocTaHOBHJCB Hb. HespacoBi: „IlaxoMift cep6i>, hh-
caTejb XV FBBa a , vb 3anHCKax% HOBopocc. yHHBepcHTeTa, t. VI, cíp. 1—99. O^ecca,
1871, — HsciixoBaHie, HaDHcaoHoe BnpoieMi. BecBMa sanyiaHHO. Othochtcibeo cep6-
CKaro biíhhíx cp. A. Co6oieBCKaro: ň K)xBo-cjaMHCKoe bjíbhí6 Ha pyccRyD nHCBMeH-
boctb n XIV — XV RBsaxi". Cn6. 1894. Mexxy npoHHMt HanjHBi DXHo-ciaBBHCKHXi
DaiBTHHBOBb ■ Bp*M06 BIÍBHÍ6 DSHO-CiaBBHCBHXl BtfHJXHHKOBl OTpaBHJHCB ^aJbfflHBOft
H3HCBaBHOCTBK> B3BBA, Vb UOApasaHÍe DXHO-CiaBHHCKOMy XOÓpOCJOBÍI), H WXe B03Bpam6-
Biein> kt» CTapo-cjaBBHCBOMy npaBonHcaHÍD (Haop: cia, xo6paa, caMOjtpisei^i; Apcenie,
AioHBcie, BufccTo: Apceeifi, ^ioHHcifi h t. n.), htó bi pyccsoft KHHrt XV b. 6hjo co-
BepmeHHO Heiino, — ho ara nejinaa nasepa yjepataiact y MHoraxi Hanraxi bhhxhh-
KOBB He TOJBBO Bl XVI, HO jase BB XVII b4k*.
21*
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ropasflo BHme i$bbjibcb t£ npoBSBeAeHÍB, KOTopwa npencnoJHemi
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co6paHHnfi oaBBBEMi oópasoMi 03* rtxi se HHcaTejieft b, ao-
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norpa^i btb nocjiÍAHie Bisa crapoft Hanieft HBCBiieHBOCTB 6hjh>
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Ó&sa eAHBCTBenHaa snnra no BceoÓmeft bctopíh, paaomx <zb boto-
poio aaiarajiacB Tasxe b pyccsafl. Hsci^AOBaHie XpoHorpa$a, caÍj-
jaBHOě bx mecTBAeoiTEixi, roAaxi bx BairfraaTejiBHOfi Eenrí ÁHApea
IIonoBa, npeAcraBJífljio 6ojihmyw TpyAflocTB BMeaHO no Macei Ma
Tepiajra, Basoft npeAďaBJífljB cothb pysonaceft vb pa3HOo6pa3Huxi>
peAaKn.iflxx, hpobsbojibho nepenjieTaBmBxca MesAy coóoio. IIo 06*
meiiy o6htoio crapoft bhh»hoctb, yEJOBflBraeftca otb BHBronena-
Tama, BorAa oho Afc&CTBOB&io yae i^&heimb BisaMB, XpoHorpa^-s
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l ) KimeBCKit, crp. 227, 281, 243.
») OÓiacHeeie npoHCxoasxeHLi dToro cthja shtí& y KiD^eBCBaro, cíp. 365 h xu^e.
Cp. Tasse cíp. 209, 269 h xp. (o jítoiihchhxi noBtcTaxi, cocTaBjeHHHzi TafisoMi^
OTB IjepKOBHKTB RIECTefi).
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JftTOBHCB H BCTOPIfl. 325
sasjaro BHaatHasa. 9to 6uju> cÓopbbb*, coflepaame ROToparo
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tbbi easuBaeMuft Embhckíě b Pbmcbí& Jlfrronflceiri, cocraBieaBEift
n XV Btafe; Aajte criHyero cotfcTBeHHufi Xpoaorpa<f>B, cocraB-
jeme BOToparo noirfeqeBO 1512 rojo**; BTopaa pe^aBiýB Xpoao-
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npeAHCJOBieMX, cb xpyniMi pacnopaxBOMi craiefi b cb hobhmb
xo6aBjeHÍBMB, cocraBJíeBa bi 1617 rojy, xotb m pa&iHqeiJXB
caBCBaxi BCTopB^ecBoe B3JOseHÍe npoAOJtseao jo BOijapeHia
Ajescto MaxafijiOBBqa; HaBOHeijB, híckojlko bbaokb XpoHorpa$a
ocofiaro cocraBa, aoxoabb^bxi jo BTopofi dojobbhu XVII B&sa s ).
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ckbxi KOCMorpa(j)i8: bto Óhjtb oabhi bto nepBUx* ^btobi iiojib-
ciaro BjiflHia ea Haray crapyio iiflCBMeBBOCTB... Hsi Tóro, ttí)
mu roBopBJB paflBme o tomb, sas* jojiro nocai IlerpoBcsoft pe-
<j)opMH xepsajiacB BSEXHaa crapBBa, mosho BnepejB yra*HBaTB, qro
XpoBorpa^B b TenepB bmíui cbobxb qBTaT&aefi: tbbi sto jtft-
CTBBTeJIBHO fl (SíMO, — CBBCBB XVIII-rO B&BB OieBB HepijKB.
Tbbobi 6ujrb BCTopflqecBiB ropasoen craparo pyccsaro bbbs-
HHBa. ropflsoHTB 6ujii> HemBpoK^. HcTopBHecsoe noHBMame co6-
CTBeoeofi crapaHu saBiiDqajiocB b*b noBTopeflia crapoB jiítoobch, bb
MexaBflqecBBXi bomobjbi^íbxi, wb noBTopesia CTapuxi BCTopaqe-
') 0$sopi XpoBorpa4>OBi pyccioft pexamiH. AHxpea IIonoBa. Jimi BHnycKA, M.
1866—1869, h KhKb opiuoseme n 06aopy: H86opHHi% cjaBjncKsxi ■ pyccuxi oo-
VHeiiii h CTaTeft, BBeceBBHxi» wb xpoBorpa^H pyccioft pexamia. M. 1869.
') Hobho BscjixoBaTeiB, pasÓapaBnrieca Bt xpoHorpa^axt, Baxojum xaze 06-
croaTeifcHHa noxpaaxiieaia CTateft, npaaaTua Aaipeeiii Dodobumt*, ae bojbhmb; cp.
DmoaoBa, „.UpeBHepyccaii! caasaaia a noitcra o CMyTBOMi Bpeaeaa XVII atia,
on BCTopaiecxitt bctoibbki* 4 . Ca6. 1888, ctp. 822.
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S26 BftOTHHKb BBPOIIH.
cbbxi CRasaHift (Ses* bcabo& mhcib ofo hxt. CJaqemH h bpbtbb&,
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npHMHpeBHUMH; 06mnpH£lfi OTA^t SHTÍfi CBflTEWB JIHfflb HepllABO
hocha* sHBHfl qepTu pyccsaro (Jmu h HpaBOKB, — bto nocsiiAnee
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ceóa h CBoero ÓJHsafimaro spyra, — ho vb ÓojbmBHCTBi npoBSBe-
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&QWb, H 3arfeMI> OHH npOAOJSaJIHCB TOIBEO HeMHOrBMH CJiyHafiHblMH
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dobíctlio o 3aBoeBaeÍH D,aparpaAa TypnaMH... #Jia crapiixi pyc-
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noyqBTejibHLie Bcropfl?ecBÍe npBirfepH, BOTopue c-iyaBjíB He tojbbo
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Rofi MapTBHa BftobCBaro, BBBrofi Eonpaxa JlBKOCTeaa, KOTopua
ohatb xo caifaro XVIII- ro B$Ba ocraJincB BcropBqecBBiťB aBTopa-
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bbaíjb, ito Hama noBAHaa jiítobbcb BOo6m,e npeACTaMaerb He
OTAiJBHKie BCTopaiecBie TpyAH, BeAeHHHe cneiuajiBBO bt, AaHHOft
mícthoctb bab b-b AaHHHXt BBTepecaxt, a Bcero mwfl, ecm He
HCBJIOHBTeJIBHO, CBOAH, T.-e. CÓOpHBKB; TaB*B B TenepB n,ÍJbBblft
HCTopanecBift TpyAiMorB npeACTaBJflTBCfl tojbbo b*b $opM* bohhh-
jfln,ÍB b codaBJíeBie tbbo& BOMnajaiufl aaj^eTca noBBABMOMy Tanse
AÍJIOMX O^HIljaJIbHEJMT,... IIpOBCX02BAeHÍe jiítodbchuxx cboaob-l
XY1 BÍBa, KOToptie bbbíctbíj TenepB uoa* HasBaHiaMH Co^iftcBaro
BpeMeHHBBa, BocspeceHCsofl jiítohbcb, Hbkohobcko6 jiítobbcb, E[ap-
CTBeBHofi BHBrB, GTeneHBOfi KHBra, ao cbxi> nopi He BiiacHeHO.
IIO BCefi BipOflTHOCTB OHH HO OÓHieMy OÍblHaiO COCTaBJÍflJIBCB Májo-
x ) Gp. KHHry TepHOBesaro, „HsyqeHie BHaaHrificKoft hctopíh h ea TeHieH^cwHoe
opBjoseBie n xpeBHeft PycH a . Kien, 1875—1876, xiia BHoycKa.
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no-Maay, onnpa&CB Ha ÓOJťfee paHHie cboah; KpoMfc jiítoohcu, bi
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JBIJOITL, BOTOpOe HM^eTB B03M0SH0CTE HOab80BaTbCa 0(f)(|)BH,ÍaJIB-
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jrtTonHCb wh „mufijLT," , T.-e. paspHCOBaHHHaa h pacBpameHHaa. Ofo
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Opyse&Hofi najiara: 3a$cb ynonnHaiOTca bt> 1639 roxy (iTb npa-
xoiHTca bo BpeHfl yqema Ajeicefea MHxafiJOBuia) „RHara n,apcTBeH-
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CBOBCBHlfB H BOpMOBBUTB HBOHOHOCIjaMi; a BOTOpue AP&Hlie JIHCTH
kb Toft BHHrH e rf jbcth nepenacaTB bhobb; a CKaaajrB, Toe BHary
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xopoifB 6oapHHx h ABopen,KOá h opysHHHeft EorAaffB MaTKfeeBHTB
XHTpOBO*. TaBHirBO(5pa80Ml 8TH pyBOHHCH H8rOTOB.ia.aHCB xyAOs-
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najaTH, coBepmajacb h kb hocojibcbomb opasasi. ,3,0 Haraero Bpe-
Meea Aonua oópasinBH noAOÓHErxi jHijeBHXi jriferonaceft, Rasi, eanp.,
„Il,apcTBeHHaa pHHra", pncynsaiiH KOTOpofi noabsoBajica r. ByciaeBi.
ASfl H8y^eHÍaí erapoS pyccsofi seboheich. HoBifimifi HscjiftAOBaTejiB
dTOfi iHi^eBOfi E^apcTBeoHoft BHare saiifoaeTB, hto, cyA« no aiofi py-
boiihch, „TeKcrt DHcajicfl paHBDie pecyHBOBi, A-ia botophxi ocraB-
.lajiHCt Micra; sartirB 9th Micia saaojiHfljiHCB npopncaMH, cA^aH-
HUMH CBBHqOBUMT> BapaHABDIOMl, a HOTOMX OÓBeAeHHUMH qepHH-
.mMH; Tasie osHaMeHeHeue jihctli BtmBiqHBajiHCb, TO-ecrB, pacspa-
mHBajiHCb . PysonHCB crapofi i^apcKoft ÓHÓ-rioTeRH He coxpaHHJHCb,
ho o hhxx AftH)rB BipoaTHO noHaiie yi^tjiÍBinia JlBI^eBUa jiítoiihch
CO MHOSeCTBOlfb pflCyHKOBX H3B*CTHarO HEOHODHCHarO CTHXa. H3CJiÍAya
jHi^eByřO „B[apcTBeHHyH) BHary*, npHHaAJeatan^yK) CHHOAajibHoft
ÓHÓaioTeKi, r. BycjaeBi othochjii ea pacyHRH ki» XVI BiBy h chh-
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328 B&CTHHKB EBPOITH.
CTopoHu 6íjjo BHCKaaaeo MH$HÍe, tto xapaKTepeocTt ota&jibhhx'*
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pyKOiracB AOJisHa 6htb oroeceHa ko BTopoft hojiobhhIi XVII Btaa,
to 9th H8o6paseHÍfl MorjiH <$htb Ronieft cb <5ojr&e ApeBHHX^ opara-
HajOBx. HoBuft H3CxbAOBaTejiL D^apcTBeHHoft RHara coMeiBaeTca b&
B03M02RHOCTB BTHXl npeAnOJKMK6HÍ9[. „A&IO BT> TOM*B, — rOBOpHTB
ohx, — hto A&se TaMi, rjtfi, no Heo6xojraocTH nonpaBHTB TeKcro,
crapuft jbcfb 3aMÍHfleTca hobuwb, xase Tam, rjfc Tasí ecTeerBeHHO
6ujio coxpaHHTB erapufi pacyHORi, mu TaBoro coxpaHema ho ea-
XOAHMl. PflCyHBH Ť4X* JHCTOKB „D^pCTBeHBOft KHHrH a , TeKCTb
Roropnxi nepenecaHi cb „Hbrohobcro& cb pacyHRaiffl", h TteB
jhctobi BTOft noarbAHeft, BOTopsie nocayffiHJiH operHHajOMt jm
nacija n Il,apcTBeHHofi KHHra B , — pasHtie. HaBOHen,x, ecTB npaicoe
CBHA^TaiBCTBO O TO Ml., HTO MHOlie pHCyHRfl COlHHflilHCB BHOBB: 8TO
homítbi, cA^aHHHí CBoponHCBH) h saRasErBaroniifl t& hjh Apyria
nepeMÍHH bi» pHcyHRÍ: „n,apa nncaTB Tyra Ha^ofie crapa", hjm:
„Tyri HanHcaTB y rocyjapa ctojtb fiesi aocirfexoBT aa cto.it> Be-
jhvb" h t. n.; BHOwa, se lípáno TpeÓyiOTca jpa pacyHRa, bmícto
OAHoro: „Ty HaracaTH Ha íBoe atame" hjb: „pocmacaTB Ha ABoe
BeHnaeie aa 6pasi> tt . Ho, ROHeroo, HiBOTopaa caMOCTOATejitHOCTB
xyAO»HHKOBt XYII Bina He HCRjnoiaerB bx*b aaBBCHMOCTH kb tb-
naxi h npieiiaxi pecoBama on noAJBHHHROKB XVI B^sa, eciHÓBi
cymecTBOBaHie TaROBHx* Óhjo AORasaHo" 1 ).
Ho caiffiiifB saiťfeHaTejiBHHirB cboaomx XYI BÍRa 6uja TaRi Ha-
siiBaeMaa „OreneHHaa RHara*. HoBÍfimie hctopbrh oÓuRHOBeHHO
HasuBarorB ee KunpiaHo-MaRapbeBCROio: npeanojiaraeTca, ito co*
craMeHie ea Haroro 6ujo tíitb se hhtpohojihtomi KflnpiaHOira,
KOTopLift (Jbutb oahhitb B3X raaBHuxi BBOAHTejieft h npeAcraBBTejeft
losHo-cjaBBHCRaro BJiiaeia b*b Hamefl crapoft HHCBMeHHOCTH 8 ), h
*ito oea AOBepmeHa (Jana MaRapieira. CTeneHHOio 0Ha HasBaHa
ÓEuia noTOMy, ito HSJíoateme cofómfi pacnojio&eHO vl Heft no pow
cjobhlimt. cmeneuHMZ BejiHRnxt RHflseft; bthxi CTenenefi oti Bjia*
A&MÍpa H AO HOJOBHHU XYI B^Ra ÓUJIO HaCHHTaHO CeifHaAI^tTB.
TaKHMi) o6pa30Mi> nepBaa nonuTRa BeecTH KaKyro-JHĎo ucropHqe-
CKyřo cHCTeiiy mm pac^JieHeflie bi 6e3(j)opMeHHyřo Maccy itTonHCH
orpaHH^BJíacB noRa mhcto bhíhihbmi ycTaHOBjeHieHi BeJHRORHflse-
>) A. npicHABOBi., „UapcTBeHHaa KHHra, ea cocTaBi h npoHCxoat*eHÍe a . Cn6. 1898,
CTp. 82 — 33. 3aiiiraaHÍe r. BycjaeBa o n,apcTBeHHoft KHnrfe bi» „HcTopHqecRHxi Oiep-
Kaxi", II, CTp. 808 h xaiie.
s ) Ectb cBBxtiejiBCTBO y TaTHmeBa, hto ReDpiaHi oiracHBaji „creneHH BeJHKHxx
KH£3eft pyccRHxi M ; ecTL cniicoRi CTeneHHoft KHHra, KCTopHfi xozoxhti tojbro xo
TpHHaAi^aToi CTeneHH, coBpeiieBHoft KHopiany. Ohi yvepi bi 1406.
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MTODHCB H BCTOPIH. 329
cBofi reHeajoriii; bosmosho, oto mucib TaRoro iwaHa saaifCTBOBaHa
tfEua H3i H)2BHO-CdiaBflHCBaro otfpasija. Ho 6hjio saícb h iiojbtb-
qecRoe npexnojoseme, OTBÍqaBmee onperfuaBniBMCfl torja cTpeM-
jemaiix BejHKaro RHasecTBa MoesoBesaro. Mu bbaíim paHBme, hto
B08BumeHÍe MOCROBCsaro BejBRORHasecTBa hh&io cbobxi npe^aH-
mvb CTopoHHHKOBt vb cpeji AyxoBeHCTBa, h RaRi ijepKOBeaa fl'6a-
TeJiBHocTb mocrobcrbx<b MHTpojHTOBi, co BpeMeHH nepeeeceHia MH-
TponojiH wh MocEBy, Ótuia MorymecTBeHHun> coA&ftcrBÍeifB iiojib-
THHeCKHMX 8aMIICJaiTB MOCROBCRBXl RHflSeft, TaR* BTO yTOCTÍe Ay-
xoBeecTBa oTpasajocB h pa&raiHuifE jaTepaTypsuMB aBJíeoiaiíH: m
noiBsy Mockbej aiftcTBOBaja MOHacTEipa: oóbtcjb Cepria Pa^OHes-
CRaro, na$Hym BopoBCRaro, Ioca$a BojoijKaro; b* bto& cpeff£
B03HHKajia aereH^a, noAroTOBJíaBmaa yó^a^eme, hto MOCROBCRoe
caMOxepsaBie 6ujo npaituirB a eAHHCTBeHHHMi* npeeMCTBon> npa-
BociaBearo ijapcTBa, ROTopoe cb iiojobbhh XV tó&Ra nepeerajo cy-
mecrBOBaTb bt, D^apbrpaAi: Ha*MO npeeMCTBa bosboabjocb JierenAoB
ro BpeMeHaMi) Bja^aMipa CBaToro, nojyqaBinaro ijapcria perajria
on BHsatfrificRaro HMnepaTopa, a bt> caiioft BasaHiifl bth peraria
nuH emfi orb caiforo HaByxoxoHOCopa. Mu bm&ib CJiyqaft roBopaTb
O TOMX, KaKafl pOJIB BT» paSBHTÍH npeACTOBJíeHifl O IjapCTBeBHOMB aBTO-
pHTerfe, AojseHCTBOBaBmeifB yTBepaBTBca bi Mocrb$, npBHaAAesaia
losHO-cjiaBflHCRHMi BuxoaijaKB, RaR*B MHTponojiHrL KenpiaHX a Aa&e
cepÓHHi DaxoMifi JToroeerB 1 ). Ol btbitb corjaceo h noerpoeme pyc-
cro& HeropiH vb CieneHHoft Raarfe, rjsfh 9Ta acropia npeACTaBjaeTca
BiieHHO vb „CTeneaaxx" npeeiicrBa BJiacra co ^peitem BjaAHiiipa
CBilTOrO H AO MOCROBCRBXl RHflBefi: BCe qaCTHOe, MÍCTHOe ? CaiíOCTOfl-
rejbHoe aciesajio hjh CTaHOBUJiacB tojbko BTopocTeneaauirB b%
HCTOpiE 9T0& BjacTB. Ecm OreneaBaa RHBra 6ujna aaAyMaea wl btomx
CMucat MBTp. KanpiaHOirB, to MaRapift coBepmeHHO eerecTBeHHO mopb
6htb ea AOBepniHTejieMt: oónjie BarMAu 6hjb á se h totb se
6hun> ctbjhb H3Jioaeeia, OTM-feqeflBufl yse npoqao yTBepAHBmBHCa
AOÓpocjroBieiii.
HacToam.ee sarjraBie CTeoeHHOft keeth bi pyRonBCB a ): w CRa-
saHie o CBaTÍMT, ÓJiaroqecTia pyccRaxi Ha^ajiOAepsei^i b cfeMeHH
byl CBATaro h npoqHxx^, n sarbiii HasBaHie RHara ycraHOBBJíocB
H3x nepBuxT* crpoKT) BBexeHifl, KOTopoe npHBOAHM-B, KaEťB otípasqBRi
TopseerBeHBaro TOHa, KOTopuft opadám n,tJioiiy 9T0ny TBopeHiio:
9 RHara CTeneHH^a i^apcRaro poAOCJiOBia, ase BiPycTeft semiá bs
ÓJiaroqecTie npociflBmaxi BoroyTBepaACHHHXi cRanerpo^epaBTejieft,
') „Bícthhki EBponu", 1894, AHBapt, CTp. 279 h xajite.
*) IIo hbwbíd fepapxa-^pExpiixa Miuiepa. M. 1775, jrf* Hacra.
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330 BftCTHBKB EBPOmi.
nse 6axy on Bóra *ro paftcRaa apeBeca HacasAeBB n pH bcxojb-
ii^hxi x ) boa*b, h npaBorfpieMi nanoaeMB, áiaropasyideirB se h
ÓjaroAaTiío BOspacraeitB, h BoxecTBeHHOio caaBoio ociaBaeMH bbb-
maca, ano cm* AoCpopacreHi,, h Rpacera jHCTBiem b ÓjaroijBi-
xymi, MHoronioxero se h spiro, b fijiaroyxama BcnoJHeni, Be-
jimvb se h BBicoROBepBxi, h m BonmAHHM* ÓjraropoaieiťB, aro cbš-
tbjo spaqeuMH bštbbmh pasmapaeirB, 6oroyroxHBMH se AOÓpoji-
TejiBHH npecn&BaeiťB, mhobh oto RopeHH h oto BŠTBeft MHorooÓpas-
hlimh noABern, aro anaTUMH creneeLMH, Ha ueóo BOCXOAByio jbcr-
BBijy HenoROjeftieMO BOBApysama, no Hen se HeBOSÓpaHera rb Bory
bocxoxb yTBepABma, cefit se e cyntaira no hbxi. Hmi se 6arae
ÓJiaroqecTÍio HamabHBija foroityApaa bi> senaxi, CBdTaa h paBHO-
anocTOJiLHaa BejBRaa KnaraHa OjBra a h np.
OeneHHaa RMra, Raro mosho bhaítb yse no btbmi crpo-
RaMi BBejeHia, aBJíajiacB vb offio Bpena Hcropiefi n,epKOBHOft h
rpasAaHCKoft: oto Ďbfjio BOSBejraieme ijapcKoft bmctb, noARpfciLiae-
Moe i^epROBHiiiťB HasHAaHieMt; ctbjb ea toto se, RaRoft yHacró-
AOBam, 6ujn> MaRapiero hjih ero coTpyxaaRaifB oro onoxa Eim-
piaHa, IíaMBjaKa, ElaxoMia JIoroeeTa h bxi pyccftaro copeBHOBaTeia
EnH^aeia, — acropaqecRoe BBexeme CieneHHofi RHara roBopart
amKOWb SHTÍa bab RanoHa, yRpameanux* njeTemeirb CAOBeci.
HcTopHRi jipeBHHxi shtíB npexnoJiaraeTO, vto cocTaBjeme OreneH-
Hoft RHarH 6uao Bawro hjih saAyMaHO nocirib coóopa 1547 ro*a,
docjí íeTBHxx-MHeeft vb nocjrftfHie rojil sbsbb MHTponciHTa Ma-
Eapia. Bi CrenenHOft khhf£, HsoÓHjyiomeft shtíbmb, oth docjíahía
oroaiaiOTca ocoÓhmh peAaRijiaifH, TaRi ito opu BceifB ejHHCTBÍ
<X5m,aro TOHa bt> npoBBBeAeniaxfc bbbsbbrobi, ORpysaBniaxi Ma-
Kapia, „caMi Manapifi h rhhshhrh ero BpeMena rfuajiH pa&xa?ie
MesAy SHiieMt &jia ^eTBBXi-Manefi n HCTopaqecRoft 6iorpa$iefi,
Ranaa TpefioBajracB A^a HCTopnqecRaro cÓopHHBa: vb Mánes saHO-
chjocb sHiie, ofaeieHnoe kb peTopaRy noxBajBnaro ciOBa; A-sa
CTeneHHOft nysHO 6ujio sasHeonacaHie uewbe BBTieBaToe, no 6o*be
oóajibHoe 6iorpa$aqecBBMB noApo6nocTflMH a 2 ).
OreneHBaa RBBra, RaRi mu CRasaja, Bcnojisena sbtíamb. Ta-
kbmx o6padoni kb caiiOHi Havaji Hcropia KHaniHa Ojtrn pascRa*
sasa RaRi saTie, Roroparo ApeBHaa jiítodhcb eme He saajia. iKerie
BeAexcfl wb o6hmBoui> tobí npoBSBeAeeift OToro poja, cb Maoro-
HBCieBHiiMB piqaMB (HanpHMtpx, k% rbbsk) Hropro, Rorxa OiBra
nepeBOBBJía ero Ha joarÍ, kt> ap^bjiabcrbm* nocsaMi, r*b Basae-
f ) y Miuiepa: HcxowmHxi.
s ) KjDieBCftift, CTp. 242—248.
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JIMOEBCB H HCTOPIfl. 331
TÍĚCROMy HMnepaTopy b t. a.), h Bce Hsaoaeeie sexeicfl bi 9tomi>
TopzecTBeHHOMi tohÍ, Koroparo pexopHKa CTaeoBHJiacb yjse ci otexi
nopt o$$H^ajiEHUMX npHABopHEWB CTHJieiii. MexAy npo?BirB ara
peropHRa OTrtqaia e Bsycairb caMoro ijapa, Kt iohocth KOToparo
othochtca cocraBJíeHie OreneHHOft Keorn 1 ). H3b4ctho, HaKOHeifB,
to> bi> CTeneHHyio BHBry Óuja o^Hi^iybHO saseceHa Ta reeeajom,
soTopaa npoH8BOxiua nepBiixi pyccsaxi RBBseft, a cl hhmh h
ijapa IfaaHa BacBJiBeBB?a, otb Hpyca h ÁBryera Ke capa... Bo-
o(Sme CreneHHafl Keera foua Tenn^ecKeirB jnHTepaTypHuiii naiiaT-
BBROICB, OTpaSHBfflHMT, HCTOpU^eCBÍfl B033p$BÍfl TOfi 90010, XOTfi yS6
HeMHoro no8AHÍe bbbjocb npoBSBeAeaie, rA* b* npoTBBOEŮCB o^h-
ip&iBBofi HCTopiH BLicKasajacB jiHqHaa HesaBHCBMaa RpETBRa: bto
6iua HCTopifl BpeMero rpo3Baro, HanHcaHHaa KeaseMt KypÓCRBirB ').
Bnpoieif* OHa Ótua h ocrajacB HBjeHieirB ECBjrroqBTejBHUMi...
Ecih cocraBjíeHie OreneHHOft KHarn Óujio saÓOTOK) Bucmefi ijepROB-
Hoft iepapxia HeaaBBCHMO otl Tóro, ht6 moime K&i&Tb rocyAapeBBi
jbabe bjh Apyríe ÓJHSKÍe ei n,apio jioae, to jiTonaceuS HBTepeci
ae npeKpamajica kl iepapxis h nocafc. DaTpiapxx Iokb cocTaBBjrc
aurie uapa Oexopa HBaeoBBqa; octb ysasaHia caiioro naTpiapxa
TepMoreHa, uo oh*b bhochjt, saMiiaTejiBHHa cofoiria cBoero BpeMeHE
kb „jiTonBCitH*; eciB npeAQOJio&eBie, hto „pyRonacB $EJiapeTa tt
(flasBaHBaa Tasí RapaMSEBUMi) Moraa 6htb AfcfiCTBBTejBBO cocTaB-
ieaa He fiesi y^acTia sHaiieHflTaro naTpiapxa. Do3AHÍe jiítodbcs
omtb BejacB npa bsbíctbomi o^aiuajBBOiťB yHacria iepapxia.
l ) Abtopi HacjixoBaaifl o I{apcTBeBBofi KHHrfe 8autaaerL, *to bt» aefi aaxoxJiTCJi
■ojipoÓeocTH o BŠHqaBJH Haaaa Bacaji>eBfl*a aa n,apcTB0, HeasB-fccTHHJi bsx xpyraxi
BcroiHHKOtfb, h x*fejiaen> j»6onHTHoe cooÓpaseaie: „Hifiera ib mh axtcbxiao ci sa-
bicbd HCTopB^ecKaro <t>a*Ta bib ct» jflTepaTypauMx npoBSBexeaieMi?" (UptcBasoBi,
I^apcTBeBBaji xanra, CTp. 18).
*) MBJíepx, ofoacaaa bx npexBCJOBÍB 8aa*eBÍe OTeneHBofi kbbtet, Atjaen, iiesxy
npo^Bm CJrt^yBmia 3ajrfe*aei*: 9 £ctb jb cia KBura, no ynoMBBaaÍD bcíxi 6ubhibxi
MITpOBOJHTOBT,, UO HaCTO BBeC6BBBMl JTb OByD piwaill B MOJBTBaUl., no SBT1BMI Cb*>
thxi ^yxecaMH yTBepxteHHHMi, tojhko xe ex u;epKOBHofi, iojbko kx rpasjaHCKofi
HcTopiH npBBajueautmei) KaaaTbCii 6ji&n } to no cefi caaoS, KaaieTCA, bpbibhí oea
hbotimi b jdÓbmb B BiicoBonoqflTaeMa 6htb xojsaa. UpeocBumeHBHe Mbtpooojbth
HBcajra no bxi caey. Hai bii nncaBÍB noaeaBaeTca iyxx Torwmearo CB-BTa, hto se
nociixnee bt» Hcropin saušpenie 6htb xojsho. Ki cocraaieHii) p^nefi bmímb odh vb
lyinraxi rpenecEBxx b Pbmcbbxx HcTOpasaxi saaTBHe apaiiipu; rocnoxcTByerb bx
obhxi npH ojaroHecTBBHxx MHCjflxi Bocxemacmee Kpacaopirie"...
YnoitaHyBí,, tto GienesBaji Kenra xoBexeaa MaaapieHx bohtb ao ro^a CBoeft roh-
ibbh (1664; a GieneBflaa Kanra xoBexeaa xo 1560 — 61), Mfljjepx aaMt^aeTi: n IIo-
XBEJBBHfi BpBJťBpx npwoBi, ocTaiCA 6esx noxpajBaaiii. Torxamaee CTporoe npaBjeeie,
noBBXBMOMy, 6hjo ceny ynymeoiD npH4HH0B u . ^tficTBflrejBBo, mockobckíb jítodbch ae
oracajB npaBXBBO BpeMeax CTporaro npaBieaifl, ho OreneHHafl Haara 6uja oxnano npo-
lojxeHa dotomi 18-b> CTeneauo b xoBexeaa xo caepTB Ajckcíh MflzafijOBB^a.
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332 BfcCTHHKB EBPOIIU.
O ^eMl M0HC6TB CBBAftreJlBCTBOBaTB, Me»Ay npoiBMX, npBCyTCTBÍe
o^HitfaaBBO-ijepROBeHxi BcropHiecRBxi AaHHtixi,; jrfeTonHCH xpa-
hbjibcb no MOHacnipsifi h OTcro^a TpeÓOBajHCB no i^apcROMy ysasy
bx npHKaafc tíojibmoro ABopa *).
Hcropia MOCKOBCKaro ijapcTBa, ORpysenaaro b% XVI bíkí xa-
rbiii cjaBocjEOBieiTB, Ha nepexojvfc k% XVII B*Ky fiiuia npepBaHa
MflTeSHETMH H (J^CTBeHHHMH COÓHTÍfiMB MeSAyippCTBifl. CoÓUTÍH,
BBBOJHOBaBinia HapoAHyio sbbhb, rposBBinifl He tojbro i?&jioctb, ho
caMOMy cym,ecTBOBaeiio pyccsaro rocyAapcTBa, He moimh He bh-
3BaTB HCTopnqécKHXt sanncefi, BocnoiiBBaBift, hohhtoki oĎmcbhtb
npOBCxo»Aeme -CMyTEi h BecB xoa*b HeofiHqaftHtix** npoBcmecTBift.
^tftcTBifTejrBBO, dnoxa Me»AyijapcTBÍfl BEKBaja aobojbho otfniHpHyio
JHTepaTypy paaearo poAa HCTopaqecKoxt cRasaHifi, ho Meaxy hbmb
HcropHKB He HaftAen npoHSBeAema, ROTopoe yAOBjreTBopBJO ($h ero
nojiHOToio pascsasa bjib, no Rpafteeft irfjpt, ij-íjbhoctík) ucTopirae-
CRaro B3rjiflAa; am BcropaRa jHTepaTypu npeACTaBBTca 8a*cb tojibbo
OTpaseHie rfexi se nHcaTejBCRBxi npieiiOBX h toto se OTHomeHia
BI> HCTOpnqeCBOft AiftCTBHTeJBHOCTH, JSAKÍSl OTABTOIOTB npeAMAymyK)
Bnoxy. Bi erapoe BpeMfl HSBicTea Óujia tojbko -bítouhcb, ROTopaa
HOA*B BOHei^B CTaJia DOHTH HCKJKOqHTeJBHO O^HI^iaJIBHUBrB HSJíose-
HieMX coÓuTÍft h kpomí Tóro npioópfcaa eme xapaRTep* „Aotfpo-
chobíb" ; He Gemo M$cra hh ju bpbtbrb coÓErrift, hh wa npocroro
asjíosemH, 6jiH3Baro vb xbshb, nepcuaiomaro HacToamie $aBTH.
IlHCBMeHHOCTB craparo BpeiieHB, nlrcorAa crapaiejiBHO aaroHaBinaa
H3X RHHrfl npocryH) A*ŠcTBHTejBHOCTB HapoAHaro 6uTa, ROHHaja
TÍM*, HTO CTapHHHUfi DHCaTeJIB H BT> CaMOlťB JSJbsh OTBETOB K)BO-
Phtb HHane, Basx wb tom** ycjOBHOMi cthji*, bb KOTopoMy npi-
y^ajia RHHra, a nociiAHie ABa BÍKa bx ocoÓeaHOCTH hpbbbjb eMy
Ty peiopBiecRyio Manepy, hoa* ROTopofi 4> aKTH npio<5pfrrajiH crpaH-
Hoe, HaraHyroe h BaROHeipB $a.aBinHBoe 0CB$meHÍe. JlnniB BspltfRa,
RorAa ABJfljacB HeofcoABMOCTB lípáno roBopuTB o peajBHircB bo-
npocaxi sbbhb, nHcaiejib HaxoABJTB opnrnHajiBHu& h oópasHtifi
jjsejkx, BBflTHft npflMO H3X HapoAeo8 piqa; ecJH se ob* xotíutl
roBopBTB o 6ojAe mapoRaxi npeAMeTaxi, Kacajica BonpocoBi Hpas-
CTBeHHLIXt, XOT&Jíl HOy^aTB B T. H., OBPB TOT^aCL BHaAaJTB KB OÓfciq-
Hblfi TOHT, yqHTeJBHBIXl KHHPL, CmLT&JUb AOJrOMl, rOBOpBTB MyApe-
HBIMB RBBSBUHB CJIOBaMH B, RaBl yBBABMl OTOMy npBMtpBI, 3any-
M Tasaa OTMiTsa c^ijana, eanp., wb qihowl jítodechomi cÓophhkí XVII Bisa:
„145-ro (1687) OeBpajx bt» 11 xghb ona KHBra nocjaea si Mockb* ki crpmrieMy
iBaey IlaBJOBy, a BeieHo eny, no rocy^apesy ysasy, hojosuith bt» npHsasi Eoudobo
ABopna, nepex^ 6oapHHoin» i nepexi aíakh". (Ilaraoe co6pame jiToiraceft, t. IX f
CTp. Vin). Cp. HiaTOHOBa, „CKa3aHÍfl h hobícth o CMyrHom BpeneHH a , CTp. 249.
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JIM0HHCB H HOTOPIfl. 333
TBBSUICfl KB A06pOCJOBÍB 30 COBepiHeHHOfl HeBpasyMBTeJbHOCTH, AO
6e3CMHCJiHi;bi. 9to aBJíeHie 6wlo BecbMa hohatho: cBasiiBajiocB bí-
BOBoe OTcyxcTBie hiboju; He 6hjio JiomecBaro BOCHHTaHia mucjih,
He 6ujio caMOCTOflTejBHO npio6pÍTaeMaro seaHia, pasMipu mucjib
OrpaHHHHBaJIHCB H&HH?HHM£ COCTaBOKB HHCbMeHHOCTH (BaffB, HanpH-
Mtpi, ra HCTopHHecKOMi> 3HaBÍH o Apyraxi HapoAaxi, vb ynoMAHy-
tomi XpoHorpa^i), BHHBBoé oÓpasoBame cboahjiocb et> MexaHH-
qecKOMy HaBUKy Ha?&r?BEa, bx EoropowB rjiyňoKOMHCjrieMi sa-
sercfl BLicoKonapouft Ha6ops» ciobi. Cx apyroft cropomi Taaae
Kb Tepeme bíeobi, cb MpaiHiix** BpeMeHt TaTapcaaro Hra h fp
„crporaro npaBJíeHÍa* HBaHa TposHaro, hucjb Bce ÓOAbme oTysa-
jiacb otb BaRofi-JiHÓo caMOcroflTejiBHOCTH h b*b #baaxB oómecreefl-
hlíxi h HapoABLixx: oHa ówjia noAa&aeHa aBTopHTeTOirb, — h sor^a
aBTopHTerB OTCTynHJft, Basi bi onoxy MeKAyijapCTBia, 8Ta HenoA-
roTOBjeHHaji mhcjjb He yMÍJia pasoópai-bca b% HBJíeHiaxi, KOTopua
coBepmajiHCB Bpyroifi. Tocy^apcTBO cnaciiocB HapoxHHifB hhctbhb-
tomx — pejmriosHUMT), Bor^a HapoA*, AaBHO HcnojraeHHufl syBCTBOMt
npeBoexoACTBa CBoeft Btpii, He xortur* AonycrHTB BMimaieJibCTBa
jraoAeft qyxoft HeHaBHAHHOfi pejiariB, h hhctbbktomI) nojumiqecraiťB,
BorAa, cnpaBexjiHBO HeAOB&paa ceÓajioÓHBOify ÓoapcTBy, HCHajft cna-
ceeia tojibeo bt, BOScraHOBJíeHia daparo nopaflBa Bemeft, cx ijap-
csoft MacTBio, rocnoACTByiomefl paBHO eslkl bcímh oĎjaeraMe Haijio-
HBJBHOfi SH3BH. Ho HCTOpBBH, HSyTOH HOBÍCTBOBaHÍa COBpeiteHHB-
bokb o cidyTHOM-B BpeneHH, HanpacHO Hmyrt bi hbx*b noHHMaHia
Tóro cjrosnaro Óposenia, BOTopoe siftcTBBTejiBHO hpobcxoabjio m>
SB3HH, — APyrflMB CJOBaMH, MHCJb COBpeMeHHfilXl HCTOpHBOBl He
6iuia pa3BHTa ftna cosHaieJiBHaro noBHMama h cairaxi cočurift h
Tóro BHyTpeHHaro npoijecca Han,ioHajibHo8 jehshh, ypasyif&Hie bo-
Toparo TpeÓOBajio bi kohijí rohijob** Óojbmeft creneHH oČpasOBaHia.
JÍHTepaiypa HCTopfl^ecBHXi pascEasora o CMyTHOBfB BpeiieHH
AObojbho BHaiHTejibBa h pacnaAaeTca Ha coíHHeHia, nHcaeeua b%
caMoe Bpena Meas^yitapcTBia, hjih cociaMeHHua bo BpeMeHa Mb-
xaaaa Ge^opoBHTO hjih eme óojiie nosAflia, BorAa o cm yTHOiti Bpe
MeHH MOffiHO 6hUlO TOBOpHTb yse TOJIBBO HO npeffiHBMI. CBa8aHÍaiťb
hjih ho cjyxaM-b h jiereHflfc; ho oómift CBJíaAi Bcefi OTOft jiBTepaTypu
AOBOJibHO OAHOOÓpaseHi. 9ro— TpaAHijioHHaa jtTonHceaa MaHepa,
r/^bj xoTfl h BH^aiOTca coócTBeHHua co^yBCTBia hjih BpasaeÓHOCTb
HHcaTejia ki» jHi^aMx b coOmiawb, ho Bce-Tasa hítb oÓiacHeHia
BHyTpeHHaro 3HaieHÍa h cbbsh coChtíS; Bor#a TaBOft nncaTeJib pas-
CKa3LiBaerb 6iorpa$iio HBJíroÓJieHHaro A^TeJia, ohx nHraerb ycjiOBHUMi
a3UKOiTb sám, h ecjH atejiaerb bosbhchtbcji ao o6m,aro BUBOAa,
ocHOBa 9Toro BUBOAa 6uBaerb ne HCTopia, a HpaBoyieme; nnca-
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334 BftGTHHKft EBPOIIU.
TejiH nepBOfl hojiobhhíi XVII B$Ba ctoatl na Toft se toibí spi-
hía, Ha Kaftofi eroajii jrfrronHceivL XII crorinia. He co3HaBaa hcto-
pHHecRHxt flBjemfi, nacaTeJiB bhaht* bt» hhxi, coÓCTBeHHO roBopa,
TOJIBKO CJiyHafiHOCTB C*aCTJIHByK) HJH HeCHaCTJIHByíO; MBTb HŠBOrAa
ApeBeift jrfeTonHceij* otiiacHaji Bcasoe HapoAHoe 6*ACTBÍe fiosiett
BasHBK) 3a rpfcxa HapoAa hjhh ero npaBHT&ieft, Tasí 9to oóiacneme
npBjíaraeTCfl h Teneps, — ocraeTca BHÓpaTb, sa ibh h aa sasie
HMeHHO rpixH, h no BHĎopy mosho Óbmo 6h Ha6.M0AaTB> Ky^a cbjo-
HflíOTca nojuHTHHecBia noHflTÍfl necaTejfl; HO H Bxbcb TO?Ka 3pfeeia
P^abo BHAepaaHa. Kast npe»ae cocTaBHTeJis jrfrronHCHaro e&OAa
6paxB cboh A&BHUfl hsi hctoihhbobi, BOTopae cjyqaftHO 6hjh BT>
ero pysaxx, He saTpyAHaacB craiHTB pajOMt bsbíctíh pasHopoAHsa
h xase npoTHBopfcqamia, tebx h TenepB coĎHpaiejiB cbíachíS, nojB-
syacB to oahhbtb, to ApyrHWB hctoihhboitb, He sairfrcajrB axt BHy-
TpeHHaro npoTHBopiiia h craBHJi hx*b pa^oin,; BasHa 6tuia xpo-
HOJiorHqecEtaa noai*AOBaTejiBHOCTB, BeyipeHHaro npoTHBopinia oh-b
ne saírfjqajHb.
Haira hítb BaAOÓHOCTH ocraHaBJíHBaTBca ea noApoÓHOCTaxx co-
AepsaBia btoě jflTepaTypu h 3Ha?ema ea, Bašt MaTepiaaa Aia
HCTopia Tóro BpeMeHH *): aoctetotoo ysasaTt jraTepaTypHyio Ma-
Hepy 9thxt> npoH3BeAeHÍft, no EOTopoft, Basi mu saar&THJiH, oeu
nenocpeACTBeHHO CBasaHii cx MTepaTypHuirB CTHJieifB XV — XVI b.
Ha6jH)Aaa bi 9TOmt> oTHomeniH ApeBHepyccBia xEria, r. Kjiio-
qeBCBift npaxoAHJix kt> cď&AyK>meMy BHBOAy: nr HpeBHepyccKoe naca-
TejBCTBO He cxoabjio cl Toft HaHBHO-HCByccTBeHHoft eryneHH pas-
BHTia, BorAa JHTepaTypHaa $opiia, cooTBÍTCTByiomaa asBÍCTHOiiy
coAepsaHiio^ cosAaBBJíacB He ctojbbo cymHOCTBK) caiioro npeAMeTa
h HacTpoenieMx aBTopcBofi mhcjih, cbojbbo HasHaneHieiii jurrepa-
Typearo Tpy^a h hhcto-bhíhihbmh, ycJOBHHMH npieMaMH caora h
OÓUXUXTy 1T&CTB. CMOTpfl HO 3T0My Ha8Ha*eHÍK>, OAHHl H TOTB Se
npeAMen mh Hsaarajica npocroft, CesucEyccTBeHHoft píraBK), hjh he-
pasajica b* TopsecTBeHHyio OAeacAy numHuxi ciokb h yxempeH-
HHXX OĎOpOTOBX, XOTfl HpH 9T0ITB BHCOTa MEICJH H CHJia ^yBCTBa
aBMjHCB oqeHB naero bi oĎpaTHOMt OTHoraeriH bx jurrepaTypHOMy
ctbjih). ^Jia ApeBHepyccBaro nHcaie.ia BUÓopi jiHTepaTypHoft cnesAU,
H^ymefi kb H3B*CTHOMy npeAMeTy h aayqaio, o(5jerqaaca tímt» ase,
hsi qero BnocatACTBin JIomohocobi cosAa^x cbok) Teopiio Tpexi»
1 ) Bi tomi h xpyrom OTHomeuH 8Ta JHTepaTypa noxpo6no nsy^eHa vb ynona-
HyTOMt H3Cjt,iOBaHÍH C. 6. lljaTOHOBa, Cn6. 1888, h canHe naMATrasH HsxaHH vb
„PyccKofi HcTopaiecKofl En6jiioTeKÍ a 1 HaxaBaeMofi Apxeorpa<f>. Komm., t. XLH. (Ha-
MflTHHKH ípeBBefi pjCCKOfi OHC&MeBHOCTE, OTHOCUD^ieCfl Kt CMyTHOMy BpOMeHB). Gn6«
1891.
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JEOTOQHCb H HCTOPlfl. 335
cioroBi, TO-em cymecTBOBaHieMi KHHSHaro i^epKOBHo-cjiaBflHcsaro
astma p&AOira cb pyccBofi pasroBopHofi pfoBro". Tara ofe oahobtb
e toítb se coÓhtíh (eanp., o nocrpoemH MOCROBcsaro yeneHCKaro
coóopa bi XV b*k6) pasHO roBopnrb TopsecrBeHHoe cjobo ijep-
BOBHO-o^Bi^iajiBHaro npoHCxoKAeHia h jribTonBCHaa noB^CTB, co-
CTaB.ieHHaa TaftaoiťB ora itepROBHura BJiacrefi h npoTHBt hbxi;
TaKt jase oahht, h totl se nucaTejib roBoparo coBepmeHHO pas*
iHqeuMX a3íJKOMi», KOi\na nnnieTB n;epKOBeyío caystiy bi naiiATB
CBflTOrO H CBOH JIBHHH3 BOCDOMEBaHÚI O EQWb 1 ). CheBHAHO, HTO TO-
pasAO 6ojibme npaBXHBOCTH, CB*secTH b jHTepaTypHaro HHTepeca
ÓuBaen Tán*, r^-k iracaTejiB ocraeTca cairB coÓok) h He bs6b-
paeTca Ha xoayjH. To se BnenaTjrfiHie bhhochtb mcjrhflflBWteJib jhh-
TepaTypu o CMyrnoMi BpeiieHfl. „ycnoBHaa npaBBJBHOCTB BHftnraeft
jHrrepaTypHoft $opMU, — roBOpnrB r. ILiaTOHOBfe, — (tajná nacaTe-
JfllťB AOpOSe HCTOpHHeCKOfi TOHHOCTB, H HOSTOMy (J)aKTSMH nocry-
najTBCB oqeHL jierso, eciH BToro TpeÓOBajia HCTopn?ecBaa KpacoTa
aaioseHÍfl. Mh Moseire tojbbo yaHBMTBca TOMy, cb Kasoft caep-
XaHHOCTBD OT&OCBJBCB K*B H806paseHÍK> CMyTíJ XBOpOCTHHBHX, Ka-
TiipeBi-PocTOBCBift, IIIaxoBCKoft h peflaRTopii PyBonBCB $0japeTa.
Kára iiajio shbhxx, jflqHux^ Bne?aTJi$HÍ& saHeciH ohh bi cbou
Tpy^u h K&Kb 3a to nocnyniHO cjrljOBajm JHiepaTypeuMi Tpeóo-
BaeiflftTL CBoero BpeiieHB! HcayccTBeHHOCTB $opMti nosBOjiajsa naca-
TejíK) cb Óojbihbmi yaoÓCTBOiTB CBpHBarB $&KTh 3a $pasoft, — n He*
o6xoabmo o($CTOflTejiBHoe SHaBOMCTBO cb JiH^HOCTbio h 6iorpa$ie8
caiioro aBTopa, htoóíj hohatb, kslkt> Májo nepexajrB ohtb HaiťB bstb
Tóro, qiř) ohi bbaíutb n iiorB o6(rroflTejiBHO 3HaTB. IIpeo6jaAaHÍe
AHTepaTypHuxi TpeÓOBamft Ha#B coócxBeHHO HCTopeqecKHMH sa^a-
qaMH o&bzcvaeTb CTpaeHyio Ha nepBHft BsrMffB npHBHHRy nacaTe-
jefl-oneBHAi^eBx CMyra onapancfl bi cbobxi Tpyaaxx He Ha jb?-
Hyio naMATL, a na bctoihbkh. JlymiHMB npBMipaMH wb otoitb otho-
ffleeÍB Moryn ciysHTB IIobíctb IIIaxoBCKaro, ROTopufi cam sbjtb
wh cMyTy, ho npejnoseM pascaasaTB o Heft qysHiiH cdOBaMH, He
npHÓaBBKB on ce6a HHKaMxx (J)aKTBqecKHxi) AonojiHemft. Dohjitho,
tto noAOÓHOe npeo6jaAaeie MTepaTypHoft cropoHu kb Tpy^axi
HcropHqecKHxx 3eaq0TejibHO yMeetmaerB ^hhoctb MHornx^ csasa-
Hifi vb rjasax«B HsoaÍAOBaTejia. Bx KaqecTBi BcropB^ecBaro hctoh-
HHKa, tfojBniee SHaieme hm*h>tb HMeHHO t4 upoasBe^ema o CMyrt,
KOTopua OTCTynajiH otb oónjaro JiHTepaTypHaro ma6jroHa a s ).
Ki BTHBfB ofímaMi npeACTaBjeHiairB o TpefiyeMOft Kpacorfe jh-
') KjDHeBcrifi, CTp. 368—369.
*) „CEasaHiir h oobícth o CMyTHOMt BpeMeHH", CTp. 346.
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336 BftCTHHKB EBPÓnU.
TepaTypHaro ctaja, b«b híbotopetxi naMflTHHRax^ npacoeAHHaeTca
npaiio CTHJIB »HTÍfl — He TOJBKO TaiTB, TJijb MOPB A&BaTB Bl 9T01fy
hobo^b caMHfi npeAMera, Basi, HanpHMiipi, bb cBasaaiaxi o ijape-
bbt& ^hmhtpíh, ho h bi npocTHXt 6iorpa<|>iax:B, Hanp., BB 6io-
rpa$ÍH naipiapxa Iobb; aaase npexame o noABHrfe Mbhhhb, sairt-
qaero r. ILultohobb, sanicaHO Čéuo b-b pa*y qyaecB npenoaoÓHaro
Ceprífl. Ecm b^bthxi ejiyqaax* poiHrioseoe qyBCTBO iiorao no
KpaBeefi Mipi CMarwB cyxocTL JiÍTonocearo CTHaa, a HHorja
pa^OMi <n> peropHBoft coofimaaacb n,iiHHua BcropaqecBÍa aaHHua,
TO 8THMX nociixHBifB xaB&iocB Bce-TaKH BTopocTeneHHoe mícto.
Bt> npoH8BexeHÍaxi Óo-aie hosahhxi CBasaaocb, HaBOHeip, npe-
cyTCTBie HapoAHO-nodTflqecBoU jiereHan.
OóuqHoe bb ApeBHeB Pyca npeHeópeseme bi HapoxHO-noBTH-
qecKOMy TBopnecTBy Booťíme He coxpaHHJio a-aa Haci He tojbko
npeAaHift apeBHeft ho9bíh, ho h tíjx* npoHSBeflemň nodw&fimaro
BpeMeHH, sasia cosxaBajHCB bb XVI h bb XVII bíjrí, Mesxy
npoHHMX o caHEíxi BpeiieHaxi CMyra. íto dxa noesia Haposja-
aacB OAHOBpeideHHO cb coGimaMH hjh BCKopfc nooai hhx*b, bi
910111 He MoaterB 6utb comhíhía. MHoroTOCieHHBia híchh h npe-
Aasia o rposHOMi 6hjh KoeeHHO cos^aHieM-B ero BpeMeHH; yiyfe-
jritamia nicHH o caM08BaHi;4, o RHasi* CiconHfffe-lIIyflCBOMB moiuh
BOSHHBHyiB TOJbKO bb to BpeMH, Boiyia HapoflHoe BOOÓpaseHie 6íjuio
eme sanaTO btbmh HCTopH?ecRHMH joijaMH. noATBepsxeHie btoA
SHBofi HapoAHO-nodTB^ecBOfl A^aTejiBHOCTH jiaeTca qySHMB CBHtffr-
TejiBCTBOMi» ; hsb&cthhitb ctfopHHKOMi. PHiapxa ^seMca 1619— 1620 r. ,
KOToptift coxpaHHJi) híceojbbo niceHi toB anoxH, y»e hctcb-
HyBHIHXl HOTOlfB H31> HapOftHOft DEMATH. CsasaHÍe O KM8$ CkO-
nHHi-IIIyficBOM-L, saMtaaerB r. IlaaTOHOBi, „nošen cayatHTB Ha-
rjraftHBiKB npeMipoMX Tóro, *to noesia EHH&Haa paHO Haiaia saaii-
CTBOBaTB y Hapo^Hofi ho tojibbo ofimift npieira OTHomema bi $a*-
TaMX cMyTH, ho h no9TH?ecRÍa aeraiiH. CocTaBHT&at HasBaHHaro
CsasaHia i^íjhkomi sanacajii* HapoAHyio 6miHHy o CMepTH CsoneHa
h npoAOJi&ajft GBoe noBicTBOBaHie He uenbe noaTHqecKHMT., ho 6o-
jíše bhhjkbkhtb pascBasoifi o norpeÓemB repoa a . HsBtcraoe OTpa-
seme HapoAHO-nodTHqecBaro erajia aaiaeTca bb hobšcth BHasa
KaTíjpeBa-PocTOBCKaro: oÓEuie anmeTOBB, noBTopeme hsbícthhxt*
$pasi 9 BapTHHU npepoAti, A^HHHiia pi^H A^fiCTByiomax-B jihicb Moryn» ?
rbbi 6yxT0 9 HanoMBHaTB ÓoJitme noeny, t^mx HCTopiio. IIoBAHŠe,
Kor^a ocjiatiiBaJiB snBiia BOcnoMHHaHia, bb HCTopHiecRHXi pas-
CBasaxi noflBJíajiacB n jiereH^a: HSBŠerHoe nponsBOJBHoe nosasa-
Hie, saHeceHHoe bx HHCBMeHHOCTB, Majo-no-Majy paspocraeTca h ne-
pexaeTca HaBOHe^ sa HecoMH^HHufi HCTopnqecKifi $ aKrB « ^o
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jiMonHCfc h Hcropia. 337
pa&iHHHiiifB naMflTfiHKaMi, saidrcaera r. HaaTOHOKB, mosho Ha-
duDXaTB nocTeneHHoe yKptnjeeie Tasoft aereB^n. Bi apyraxi
ciyiaaxi Tasexi sapoAiimeft aereBAH naiBsa jcjiíahtb bi jurrepa-
TjpHtixx naMATBHBaxt, b, no me$eíh> Tóro se BSCjrfcAOBaTeaa, Ta-
Kaa jereHAa „nojiyiajia OBOBwrejBBufi CBOft beai, Tasí crasaTB,
bbí jiHTepaTypu h BXOABaa kb jíHTepaiypEue naMaTEERB yae ro-
tobok), kb EanecTBi flonojeeHifl ki> cyxoMy BcropBiecBOMy Tescry a .
3aMÍTHM^ BnpoieirB, wo ycjiÍAHTB HHeHHO aBTepaTypsoe EJIE T04BB0
yerHoe pasBHTie aereEAU owbb TpyxHO.
ŤaBHifB oópasoro BCTopmecEia CBasasia o CiiyTBOiťB BpeMeHH
cocraBJBJíHCB kb ysacaftAOBasBOirB joiepaTypHOMx cte4$, nepexoAa
HHorxa kb tohx »Hiia, HHor.ua fb jiHHHoe bjb HapoAHoe noBTE^e-
csoe TBop^ecTBO jiereHABi: bo bcíxt, cayiaaxi Óojiie eje Menše
Tepnftaa HCTopB^ecBafl aoctobípboctb. Ecih hoa* bteme bjsuleíslmb
TepaaacB $aHTE?ecRaa tohhoctb, to cb Apyroft ctopohu He Bcerxa
cbo6oaho BucRa3BiBajiHCB e caMue BsraaAH nEcaTOJieft. „OÓmift
bstjuia* Ha npoflCxo&AeBie e pasBETie CMyra, — roBoparL r. Uaa-
TOBOKB, — O^eflB paflO CJ02SBJECE KB MOCBOBCBOtfB o6fl{eCTB& XVII B.
h 6llii> ycBoefli OAflHaBOBO iracaTejiaMB pasmixi noBOJť&mfi, otl
aBTopa Hobícth 1606 roxa ao nosAH$fimBXi KoimajiaTopoB-B. Pyc-
csoiiy oómecTBy CMyra bo bc&xi ea npoaBaeaiaxi BasaaacB jsfcjiowb
Bucmaro Hpoitucia, pysoBO^EBrnaro nocTynsaitB jnojeft kb ncnoA-
Berne cboexi npeAHaiepTamft. „He jno^soe to aIjjio a^mo, to
cma e pysa Bceiiorymaro Eora a , — rOBopBJE ewp kb 1608 rojy
pyccKie AnnjOMara eojibcbhmx o Boi^apesifl caMOSBasi^a. „Cia Bca
coA^amaca Eohóbitb npoitucaoirB, ... a se qeaoK&iecBOK) xe~
TpocTBio*, — nacaai nosAnie no noBOAy ocBOťfoa&AeBÍa Mocbbh bb-
Topt „IIobícth o pasopeniB MOCBOBCsaro rocy^apcTBa". Ha btom*
iflcio-peaflríodHOirB bosspíbíb e ctpoejbcb bcí otiiacneflia CMyra
kb CKasamaxt o Heft. CMyTy ciBTaJiB rocnoxEEiťB HaBasanieMi sa
rpfeiH pyccKHxi* juoAeft, a kb ctoctjibbomi ea ecxoa& bea&ib Bosbio
mhioctb, ÓHBinyío Harpa^oft sa pacsaaEie h oÓpaE^enie kt> Bory e
npaBxt . 9to Duji EsxaBHa ciojBEBmittca 6jaroHecTHBtift wrMXb
e wa oÓxacEeHia co6utí4 naao 6euo tojbko ynasaTB, „on bexi
pa8aaca rpixi seMJia Hama a , „kíexi pa^E rptx-B nonycTB To-
cnoftB... caoe HaBaaame". Hctopebe pacxoAHaflCB kb btomi onpe-
xiieflifl: oahe c^HTaaE CMyTy EasasaBÍeirB sa rptxs Eopaca To-
xyaoBa^ Apyrie ocys^un (H5m.ee naAenie HpaBOBx kb ^íjiomi* o6m,e-
ctbí, — e nocjiAHie aoxoae4e Eflor^a kb cbobxi o6jnqeHÍax«L xo
CojbmOÍI pfoBOCTB fl OTBpOBeEEOCTfl; CB ffpyrOft CTOpOHU oaebbo
bb nacaTeaaxi Tóro BpeMeHH, h EMeEHO t4xt>, soTopue 6bijih npn-
KOCflOBeBBU Bl C06tlTÍaMl>, 8aM*THa ÓOJBEiaa yBJIOETOBOCTB, Ó0&8BB
To» IV.— Idu, 1896. 22
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338 BftCTHHKb EBPOUH.
csasaTB qTO-HHÓyxB jranraee, Tara to> pojib caifHrB aBTopora ofo-
acHfleTCfl HHorxa He ctojbro hrb bx* coÓCTBeHHuxi noRasami,
CKOJBKO H3*B nOCTOpOHHBXl CBHAfcTeJBCTB*. B% KOHTijh BOBIJOB* Wb
onHcaHiflxi) GifyTHaro BpeneeH, cocTaBjeHHuxi nocai ero orohto-
hía, rocnoACTByeT-B bsima*, cJOSBBmificfl HesaBHCHMO on hctopk-
rokb uojn> BJiianieMi oómaro HacrpoeHifl BpeiieHB: oHa npejCTaB-
jraeTCfl HMenHO Óoptóoft npaBOCJiaBifl cl HBOBÍpieM* h pyccRot ea-
POahocth ch ea BparaMH. „HeaBsa, ROHewo, OTBepraTB, — sairfc-
qaerL r. ILuaiOHOBi, — mto Hama npeARH oÓHapysnin GojBHiyio
HyTBOCTB bi onpeA&ieHiH oCmaro CMucja HcropHHecKoi ApaMu,
eftBa He noryÓHBineft Pocciio. Ho ocraBUCB Bcerja Ha T01R& spfc-
Bia pejiBrio8HO-Bai^ioHajiBHoft, DHcaTejiH o CMyrfe ero onpeAfcuiJH
KaKi. BBiÓopi Maiepiaja am obojím onacamA, Taxi h jHTOoe CBoe
OTHomenie bt> MaTepiajy... HaipoHajiBHHfl sacaym repoeBx CMyr-
Hofi bhoxh BHBHBaioTB co CTopoHti CKasaiejeft BOCTopseHHiie A0-
eapaifóu bthmx repoaiix. Ho cpejH hoxb&tb Tpyxao HaBra kbxísl-
HHÓyflB TBepABIfl A&HHHfl A** ACHOfl XapaETepBCTHKH TOH) HJIH APY"
roro map... TaRaa oahoctopohhoctb HsoČpasemfl A*Jaera ero He-
toshhmi, coo6n^aeTx jbipwb aeBŠpBLifi KOJopHTB, HCTopiio npeBpa-
BjaerL bi naHerepHBi. HcRyccrBeHHOCTB oÓmjuTb noxBaju> repoHMt
ocoóeHHO Aaen> cefia qyBCTBOBaTB Tam, ta% HiEOTopue nHcaTeiH,
HSMÍHaa oÓHHHofi totoí sptaia, BnaAaiorB ffb HecAepaaHHyro ot-
KP0B6HH0CTB... HCTOpflBT, AOpOSHTB BOAOÓBHMH OTBpOBeBBHMH OT-
SBIBaMH DHCaTeJiefi COBpeMeHHBROKB, nOTOMy TTO OHH, pflAOMl Cb
ycaoBHEJMH noxBaiaMB, nojHÍe OTpasaiorB h bsimíiah oómecTBa h
Mon^HUfl $Hrypu caMuxt HapoAHtixi A&flTejefi. Ho nHCBMesBocrb
XVII B*Ka He cosHaBajia Bceft ijíbboctb HCKpeeHjjro jfrromicaHifl.
JJjmi Tóro, ?toÓu BHAepacaTB i^jibhoctb otinjaro BsrjuiAa, xepTBOBaro
BClllťB, Wb TDAO eft Bl paspfet, B 9TB1TB, ROHeiHO, yiteHBniajra
HCTopiraecByio i^bhoctb npoHSBeAemft".
CsasaHia o CMyraoirB BpeMeHH npeACTa&aaiorL ocotieHHKft Hcrre-
pecB AJfl HsyneHifl HcropaHecEaro noHHnaHÍa CTapuxi pyccBHXi dh-
caTejeii, — bi BOTopuxi naAO npHSHaTB HaHĎoJiie oÓpasoBaaBuxt h
MyTKHxx jK>Aefi CBoefi 9BOXH, — HiieHHO rbwb, hto HapoA*B nepesH-
Bajn> qpesBEraafiHErfl coótiTia, KOTopua ne MorjiH ne saTpoHyTB ca-
uuu% r^yfioKBMx oópasora HaiponajiBHoe h oómecTBeBBoe ^ybctbo.
9to h saMiTBO Ha caMHxi CBasaHiaxi,, b Raxx cana HapoAHaa
SH3HB bocjí Tflsejnixi HcnnTaHÍfi 9 TflByBfflHxcfl MHoríe roAH, sep-
ayjacb b*b CTapoe pycio, HaMineHHoe BiKaMH npeA^BAyn^efi hcto-
pifl, TaKt B 6pOSeHÍe HCTOpH^eCRHXl B8rMA0BX yCHOROHJIOCB Ha
CTapuxx Haraoaxi XVI Bisa. PejiHríosHO-Hai^ioHaJBHoe nyBCTBO Bt
^opHaxi XVI BÍsa Óhjio eAHHCTBeHHOfi CTHxieft, KOTopaa Morja
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.nwuíícb h Hcrropia. 339
caaoTHTB Hapofti vh MHHyTy Tflasaiaro BpHsaca, ho, Basi roBoperB
Hanu Hcropmct, XVII bíki He noHHMajrb Bceft n.tHeocTM ocKpen-
Haro jrfrronHcaHia; ApyrBMH cjobbmh, HaijioHaji&HOMy lyBCTBy He-
jocraB&io cosHanifl, to-octb npaBSHBaro h BpHTH?ecBaro OTHoraema
n ^aBTam. HapoAHoe eAHHeeie, ocHOBBHHOe Ha mieMeHHOirB syB-
CTB* H peJHliH, — BOTOpiIfl 6lMH BT> A&HHHXl yCJOBÍflXI> TÍMfc CHJHb-
Hte. TfeMT, ÓHJIH HCKJřOHHTeJhHÍe, — COXpaHHJIH rOCy^apCTBO BBTOpH-
TeTOirB cTaparo npcuama; ho BaBB oaho CTapoe npejaHie eme He
jpBajo cpeAdBi h yBasamft am Aaji&Hiftmaro pasBHTia HaipoHaiB-
HHXl CHJTB, BT» TOMl HBCirf} yMCTBeHHHXl, TaB*B H BTfc WHHOMT, CJiy-
nai ynoMaeyToe nOHHMaHie CMyTaaro BpeneHH, Basi ÓopBffa npo-
THBl HHOBÍpi^eB^ H BQOILieMeHHHBOBl, A&*eBO H6 OÓHHMBJO BCerO
cjoaiHaro coeraBa coÓuriS; yBasama oójummezeti Ha r6 „rptxH*,
KOTOpue HBKieBIB BOXÍK) Ba8Hf>, TBBSe He paCBpUBBJH BCÍXX HBCTOfl*
nurax rpixoBi craparo nopaABa Bem,eft. CoBepmBBmiBca ^aBTt,
B08CTaHORieme rocywpcTBeHHaro nopaABa, — xoth AOCTHrHyroe MeA~
JieHHO H Cb ÓOJLIUBIIB 2RepTBaMH, — AJIfl n03AHÍflfflHXI» HCTOpHKOBX
CiiyTHaro BpeiteHH cjiy^hjio noATBepsAemeirB m> toibh spíma,
ho He nponuo nojy-CTOjrfma, bbkb bi rocy^apcTB* HaiaiacB hobba
CMyTa, npaBxa, He ctojb crpamHaa, ho, tWi He iieBr&e, BtJ^a-
BaBmafl csafira cropoHH craparo nopa^a Bemeft: pas^opi, ijapa h
narpiapxa, AByx* BepxoBHBixi aBTopOTeTOB** rocyxapcTBa h Hapo.ua;
i^epBOBHiiĚ pacBO.it, npoTHBi BOToparo b i^epaoBB h rocyxapcTBO
OBdsajBCb 6e3CHjn,Hu; HapoAHHfl BOJiHeHia, bbbi fiyHTi PasHHa, yna-
soBaBmifl Ha HeAoneTLi bt> rocyAapcTBeHHOMi crpoeHiH; h HasoHeiyB,
HeBHAHoe, ho rhwb ne Men&e cymecTBeoHoe BHHSHoe 6poj&eeie, bx
BoropoMi noflBJíeHÍe hobictb h qyxfro otipasoBaTejiBHHxt Bjriamft
CBHA*TejiBCTBOBajio o Bpyivioft <54ahocth CTapofi HIBOJIH.
B* npHMipx Tóro, Basyso <fropMy npnHBMajiB csasama o CaiyT-
HOlfB BpeMeHH, npHBOAHMl HŠCBOJIBBO OTpiIBBOBl. DoJtOSeHÍe MO-
esoBesaro rocyAapcrBa b-l 1611 — 1612 roAaxi, nocjii coauseHia
Mocbbu h B8flTÍfl GMOJieHCBa, B3o6pasaeTca vb „DjaTb o HjrlHeBiH h
o KOHeneoMi, pasopemn MocsoBCsaro rocyAapcrBa 41 . Ohb cocTaBjíeHX
no bc6mt> npaBBJíaM-B CTapHHearo Ao6pociOBÍa 1 ). Hbao Ay^aTB, hto
f ) „Ontyw HaTOevb n jasaní,— HaHHHaen aBTopi,— yBH, Toimtaro naxemji npe-
enunu acHociarmi^ npeBeaHiia Poccíh? KOTopuvL Ba^ajoMi B03^BHreeMi. ny^HHy
cjcyfc piixaHÍfl Hamero h cTOHama? O, koihbhxi 6*^b e ropecreft ciiojoÓhjiocji bhaíth
oio Hame! Moimn, nociymarmHxi co BHimaeiein,: O xphctohm6hhtíh jnoiie, chhobo
arfrm, v^a o;epBOBBÍB, nopom^eemH 6aH6D 6utw\ paaBepsHTe hdbctb6hhh4í h yMHHa
cijxb mama h njiA pasnpocTpaHHirB apraet cioBecHHÍ, BocTpyÓBMi bi Tpy6y nja-
leBBjD, Bosoniein. n HLuBymfixy fl HenpECTyosimb cbítb, si n,api) i^ap&CTByi)mEn
■ Tocnoxy rocnoAbCTByDínBxi, ki xepoBHMCKOMy Bja^nut, ct» buuioctld cepxem. Ha-
■m, Ft nepcH 6i»me h naroiDme: Oxt, yBH, ropě! babo nakecá, toihbíS mipn 6ia-
22*
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340 B&CTHHKB EBPOIIU.
aBTopoMi pyROBOAHJio HCKpeHHee coKpymeHie o Ďíactbíjjxi OTene-
CTBa, ho Koraa mu BcrpImewL wb nepBúxi CTpoaaxi ero „apiUHi
cnoBecBHfi", „naprt CjaroTOcra", „tíoroHacasReHHufi BHHOrpajCB",
„MeBTpx" h t. n., mu He MoaseMi He bh^tb, Basi BpoMi Moro
TyBCTBa DHcaiejieMT. nocroflHHO Bjarfuia saócnra npiHcaaTB MyxpeHoe
cjiobo, HsucBaHBuň oóopoTi, ito6u HHTaTejiB 6HJCB nopase&B Aoópo-
cjiOBÍeMi>. Ho, noji03KHMi>, 9to 6uja BHifflHaa <J)ají>fflHBaa MaHepa h
hoai Heio Bce-TaBH mohio (Shtb BupaseHo caMocroaTejiBHoe Bne-
HaTJifoaie h naTpioTHiecRoe sejame, — ho hctophkb HaxojrarB, tto
aTO npoHSBeAeme KpoM& Tóro h „He tíoraro coftepsameMi, He Aaero
HaMt HHiero HOBaro h HHTepecHO tojbbo cbohmh onurónaMH* *):
0Ka3UBaerca, ito aBTopi. „Uiaia" sanMCTBOBaji ero coftepsanie
H3i roTOBaro necBMeHHaro HCTOiHHsa, a HMenHO BOcnojBsOBajcji
nponjaJtbHUMH rpaMOTaMH naTpiapxora IoBa h TepMoreHa h oco-
6eeHO rfeMH rpaMOTaMH, BOTopua pascujajiHCB b*b 1611 h 1612 ro-
aax* Hsi onojraemft JfanynoBa h bhasa HosapcEaro. TaicHMi o6pa-
somi coÓCTBeHHOCTBio aBTopa ocraeTca ero AOÓpocaoBie.
He MeBBme nopasaero cbohmi AotípociOBieMi jpyroe nponsBe-
aeme — „IIoBicTb o HiBoefi ÓpanH, Hajiesan^eft na GjaroiecTHByio
P0CCÍH> tf . OAHHMT) H3T> CaMUXl BaSHUXl tf&JTB Bfc CTapBHHOMX OH*
caieJibCTBi (Shjo BCTynjeme, — h npesje iím* naraiejB jo6epeTca
AO „HÍKoefi 6paHH a , okb AOJuseHi npofiTH TopoecTBeHHoe npejH-
cJOBie *). Tojibko nocafc 9Toro BcrynjeHia aBTopx nepexojHTt si
roHecrLa, sa&o pasopnca ÓoroHacaxxeHHHR BiHorpaxt, ero xe utane MHoroiHCTBeuHOD
ciaBOD xo ooxara BOSHecomaca, h rposxi aptiuft bcímt> bt> ciajocTB HeHcnepnaeiioe
ihbo nox&Bftfl? Kto ora npaBOB-fepBHxi He Bocniaien, hjh rro pniaHia He hchojhhtch,
bhx*bt, naryoy h aoHeuoe naxeme Tojraxaro MHoroHapoxHaro rocyxapcTBa, xphctUh-
ckod BipoD CBHTaro rpeiecKaro on Bóra xaHHaro sa&OHa HcnaiHeHHaro h, beo
cojHue Ha TBepxH Heóece-Bft, cixDmaro h cbítomi uesTpy noxofamaca?" (P. Hcrop.
BnÓJiioTeKa, t, XHI, cr. 219—220).
1) ÍIiaTOHOBi, crp. 105.
*) „BejHKaro Tocnoxa Bóra Ona CTpamHaro h acecHiiHaro h bca coxepxamaro,
npeÓHBaiomaro bo cb-btb HenpHCTynHtirL, m> npebejiHirfeft h bt> npeBHCOHafimeft, Beie-
i-fenHift, cMrfeft cjairb BejuinecTBin csoero, c±iajnjň>ro Ha npecroji xepyBHMCTBMi bt.
Ht^p*Xl» OT1ÍHXI, H Ha BeMHOpOXHUXl HaCl HpH8HpaJI MHJOCTHBHH1II CB OBOVI, HpO-
unmian HeHspeHeHHHMH h npeooxeerBeHHHMH cyx^aMH cbohmh o HOBOcaxxeHHon bh-
Borpax* CBoeMi,, cíh p***, o ceft Hamet óiaroHecTHBOfi h npeseiHH-BŘ Pocíh, hobo-
DpocBameBffBft cBBTHMi Kpeo(eHÍeMi on CBararo h paBHoanocrojiHaro canoiepmna,
BeiHKoro EHH8H BiaxBMepa CiBTOCiaBiRa KieBCEoro h Bcea Pocíh, 6jaro?ecniBaro xe
bo cbbtomi. BpemeHiH BacHilfl, BToparo RoHCTiiHTHHa, npaBOXHHxi 6o iDfa, rptm-
huxi xe MHjya, xora yoo bcbxi cnacni h b*l paayMi hcthhhhí npHBecTH, sa ojaro
MHiyn h xpaHH, aa eenecTie xe mhjocthbho HaBasya, npHBOXfl ko cnacemi) bchko cboo
C08xaHÍe,— ho xomert 6o rpimeHiy xo KOHna norHÓeyTH, ho exe o6paTHTHCji h xmbj
6hth eMy. Cani 6o pene rocnoxb: „erra naxaH ho BOCTaHen, jh? hjh OTBpamaBCH He
o6paTHTC£? u h naBH: n o6paTHTecji ho mh* ■ oópamycH bi Bairb a , riaraien» Pocnox*,
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JtftTonncB h hctopw. 341
$aKTair*, ho h 8A*ci» noTpefaocTb TopasecTBeHHOCTB ero ne iiokh-
jaera. Esiy BcrpfriaeTCtf mia Etapa Bacajna HBaHOBHia HlyftCRaro,
„Borom FkeqaHHaro, a BoroMt noifasaHHaro, h BoroMt novrea-
aaro, h xpHCTOJioÓBBaro no6opHHRa cbatuh npaBOCJiaBHUfl xpHcriaH-
cm B-fcpu, AOÓJflro MHpoTBopija, AepsaBHaro caMOjepaija h npe-
BpoTsaro CRHneTpoAepsaTeJifl tf , h oetl ciHTaero HeoÓxoxHBiuirB cnojraa
nponHcaTB BecB ero THTyjr& h npe otomi ynoMHHyn> Aaxe, tto
9T0Tb ijapt ÓtiJt ora BopeHfl BejHKaro rhasa AjeRcaHApa Upoara-
bbto, HeBCRaro nyjoTBopija, „HSHaiajia se noBjre?ecfi Tóro Čuiaro-
^ecniBaro cfcMeHH KopeHs PocciftCRHxi Haoraxi otb ABrycroBi Phm-
cmx* h rpeHecKHX*L Aaopifl h ApKajúa, use 64 cuhobo OeoAOCia
BejHRaro ijapa, coAepsaniaro CRHeeTpoAepsaTejbCTBO Borom cna-
caeiiaro n.apscTBytonj.aro rpaja Tpe^ecRaro ijapbCTBia Kohctbhtb-
Honojia, HoBaro Pmia"... Mu yxHBBMca botom-b h bmíct* yBHAeirB
qtey ototo ciaBOCJOBia, roiw y Apynixi coBpeMeeHHKOBX (A&aRa
TnuoeeeBa h rhaba XBopocTHHHHa) npovreirB o tom* se caMora
DlytcRoirb, *rro offB 6ujrb „HeiecTHBi BCflRO* , „ocraBa Bóra, Rfc
ftbcoMt npaóiraa", „npaBejBoe cymecrBO hsmíhhb*", „BHiraaiomH...
ynemeirb óícobckhmt," .
Oahhmi hb-b Haitóojrbe oÓmHpHfiix^ HCTopHqecRnxi CRasamfi o
CMyTHOiTB BpeMeHH ÓéjjiI) „BpeiieHHHRi" flMRa HBaaa THMoeeeBa.
BpeifeHHHRi, no TBepAOMy jcrrepaTypHOMy o6firaaK), HaiHHaerB bi
CBoeMt BerynjieBÍH ct» AOÓpocjiOBia, h óyRBajBHO otb A^aifa *).
saiasy* Haci OBorxa rjaxoira, OBorxa orHeHHHMH aanaiemH, OBorxa se óeaÓoxHuxi
B&xoxeH&MH, ■ MexHycooROD 6paHÍ», h hpotomh TaxoBímH, nonexe 60 corpinramá
on riaiH h xo Hory, craptab, on BexHKiixi h xo HHxaHnnixi. H TaiOBHH rpixi ho
HOXen 09HCTHTHCA HHTOM1. Xe, TO*ÍI> OrHeMl H Me^OMl H npOWMB TBKOBHMH, BKO
xe coxfac* bo xhh Hama 14 . (P. HcTopfli. EBÓjioTeKa, t. XIII, ct. 249—250).
*) „Hxe pysoK EoxieD xpeBie npaoTnn Hama coTBopera ÓHoia, cynpyro nepBufi
Axaxi co Ebbod, obi on 3enjB, OBa se on Tóro peopa, tbmi xe cefi Haxo bcímu
tfHBnraMH aito i^api. caMOBJíacreHi nocTaBHca TBapn BceS, euy xe hthiíh, 3B*pie xe h
raj(H bch crpaxoMi noBEHonazyca b-b noKopeme, jnto xe csoeMy CoTBopHTejno, Bia-
AiocB Befixi h Tocnoxy. H xoeeiHxe nepBoaxaBHuft He aanaTCJi bcíxi Bparom* ryÓH-
Tejeni ri» nepnift oanorfejiH npecryniemi), Torxa óeaciOBecHaa bch, axe no chxi
hhh4 ■ cTpamamafl hh, cosxaHRaro onoro TpeneTaxy noBerBawi. Erxa xe 3nia Ebbí
npeiecTB bo ynnr nomenra, 0Ha xe Harémem, tob h Myxa ce conpeiCTH, a6ie orryxa
cain HOBOsxaHHHH Bcero napt irípa XHBOTDnrb oh-bx-l yxecamca Hanan. H otl npe-
cjynttHiii naxeHÍ» no hhxt. 6hxomi orryja bch npiniacTHH xohuh*. H jiko xe Axa-
mobh npexxe npecTyniefli*: euy xhbíh bch 6Hma caxonoKopHH o Bcein, cnue, ceny
■ojotiai, bo BpeiieHaxi oocjíxhhxi h Hama catioxepxaBHiH bo cbohxi xepxaitaxi
oojaxaxy saini bcímh, on vBsa paón cbohmh, xoHxexe obh caira xepxaxyca noBejii-
híí, xaHHHxi Boroin., erxa kt» HeMy He y eme n KOHen> corpfcnrama. Kt hhmi. xe
6aioin» on Bcftxi mhopb bbki iocejt HPnpeKOCJioBHH, ejniso ho TThcahíi) 6hth xo-
ciom xo CBOBm Biaxuxoin* pa6on noBHHHim*, bo bcíxi ciyxedH*, ho yxe xo
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342 MOTHHKE EBPOUH.
Ho kou4hbi» BCTyiuenie, a&biiih or^aaseme „khath ceft tt h
npecTynafl kb onucamK) u,apcTBa HBaHa BacHJbeBUMa, a^ab* onflTb
nycBaeTCfl b-l npHBOAHMoe HHse HeBp&3yMHTejibHoe AOÓpociOBie 1 ).
Kasx mei bha&ih, bi Haiajrb XVII CTOJrfrria bi XpoHorpa$&,
BOTOpElft ÓHJIt CTapHHHOň flCTOpMHeCBOÍ 9Hn,MíUI0neAÍefi, nOflBBLXCfl
HOBBlfi dJieifeHTl SaBMCTBOBaHÍfl B3T, AOJIbCKtfXT, H JiaTHHCKHXX-
hctohhhkobi. ítMTb AMMne, tími Óojbme XVII b4kt> npeACTaBjjui
3aHMďB0Baeift hsi noAfcCKOft jHTepaTypu u usi JiaTBHCKuxt KHHra,
EOTopua CTaHOBHJiecb AOCTynHu bi» ocoÓeeeocTH noroMjr, hto bi
Teqeaie dToro Bftsa bi MocKBy Bce 6o.ibnie npoHHítajiH bosaí&ctbía
EieBCKofi h sanaAHO-pyccBoft m kojili. H31 KieBa npHXOAiuocb bh-
nactiBaTb yneeuxi. Jio^eň am ecnpaBJíeBia CTapuxi KHHro h ne-
peBOAa hoblixx; bt> n,apcTBOBaHÍe AaeBcfca MuxafijiOBHqa sana^HO-
pycetciň yqeHufi craHOBHTCfl bi Mockbí qe-iOBiícoMi. diHgKHirB ro
ABopy. HaKaByH* IleTpa He Óhjio coMHiaia b-b tom-b, oto b*b pyc-
CKyto sH3Hb dajia HacToňqMBO npoHHRaTS noipeÓHOCTb bb hobomb
o6pa30BaHÍa h 6hjtb tojbbo Bonpocb o tomb, H3B Rasoro HCTO^HHRa
h BaKHMi nyieMi oho 6yAera saHMdBOBaHO: Ótuia HaooHHOCTb kb
nyTH K)»HO-pyCCBOMy, fA^ AOJiaHH ÓLUIH CAOttHTBCfl BJÍ£HÍfl IIOJBCKO-
SpOBe TOKMO, HO H AO CaMOfl CMepTH 6HXOMI HMfc CaiIOnOCJyDJHH, AKO Z6 CBOTO BO-
xameiiy h w&e ao saaoieHia oonpoTHBHTHca ho cobíctb, Taxo 6e3ooTBÍTHn 6uma a*
hhmx, axo puÓH 6e3rjacHe, bcbko co Tmanieirb sporný paócaoe Hro Homaxom, iiobh-
uyDmeca hmi bo CTpacb noAOÓHt, necTt cTpaxa pajH TBopame BMaii aao ue paBHy
31 BoroMi, ame Tóro Táno Óohmcb, hh y6ó yHte 60, ame ce 6hjo Taso 6h. Erxa ze
ki KOHi^y ifrra rpajaxy, npexepzaTeie Hama noeiaxy Halama xpeBHaa ÓxaroycTaaie-
Hia saKOHHax h omu npcAamia* npeBpamaTH h AOÓpan oÓircan Ha HoapcoapoTHBHaa
HairBHaTH, noTOiHKy h b*b noBHHyoiD,Hxca paóixi ecTecTBeHufi dpaxi ki» noKopeeiu
Bjiaxiiai ocayA^Bame H39esaa, aao se h sem* si nepsoiiy yro636HÍK> címbht. huhí
no npeHHory cbohmi HecpaBiLseita tuoxoHocieiti. On, xbrb 60 aa* nosHasaeiio 6b
Bcaao HSAHmecTBO h i-meia ÓJarHxt se h sjhxi, Hese oři hí^dt. t6mhiíxi, bko h bi
npoHHxi>. BocxoTtna 60 oÓxepxHTeie ymeca CBoa cjaw* npeuoHaTH ai ioxhhmi>
menoTHUxt naroioMt,— aao se bi BeTctxx upaóaÓa acixi EBBa snil) npeiecTHHay
noxaxe XDÓ63HÍ CBoa ciyxa"... (Tam> se, ct. 262 — 263).
') „DpeBHcoíafiraaro Bo-HCTHHHy h npecjaBHiíma bcbxi Óhbbihxi., ciaBany ate
on KOHeni. HeÓeci jo aoHen> hxi, hko TOiHu;e o Heiii npoieKmH, 10 nxt ze MtcTa
BosiiozHa 6i no BcaieHfffeft ddoxoxhth ciyxy, saHe npeoóia^aTeiHÍ cpoxHiixi Ha ce
hmb, bko ze MaKHjOHi Htaor^a, BceieeHift napcTBya, CBoScTBeHtaran ze pema o
HeMi, — HHopora Óusma bo Ópaetxi., na^e ze bo Óiaro^ecTHnxi Ha^t bcímh upecBtT-
jhmh, rocyAapa Beiacaro KHaaa HBaea, HOBOMy no KpemeHÍH ce 6iamy no orn^xi bi»
Pocíh cl npHiozeHHMH hxi napcTBÍH ÓiaroxaHHy i^api) cnaa, aze bcod boxekod
PocieD rocno^bCTByroma, rocyxapa Bacnjiia HaaHOBHia BexHsaio auasa h napa aopeab
no aoxtHCTBy h Myzi» npapoxHTeiefi cbohxi nposaÓeHÚ roToat, noxaaaHi si napcTBy
Ha ctoii ero a ho upoxo^eet &o zit jAtl h kohout on poxa bt, poii, BÍ^eoe 6ja-
ropoAie eiiy 64 OTe^ecaoe, Heyaflxaeify uocjania obíti, aao yTpeHHaa on cojHna
bocxoahtt, 3apa a , h t. a. (Tain. ze, ct. 269 — 270).
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JfeTOHHCb H HCTOPia. 343
Kammecsia, h óuja bosmoshoctb npaMoro saHMCTBOBam* oÓpaaoBaHia
sana^Haro rbwb nyTeMi, Ha BOTopuft mohio ysasusaTb cymecrBOBaHie
bi caiioft MocKbt H^Hei^KOĚ kcmohíb: 9Ta kojohía h o6pa80Bajtacb
HneHeo noTOiíy, hto bt» Mockbí Bce tfojbme TpeóOBaiocb eBponeft-
csoe TexHHqecsoe h jase JHTepaTypHoe sHaeie. Ho nosa 6tun>
BuÓpaHt ototl nocrtAHift nyTí>, Ha .1011,0 Cíui tojsbo nyrb bí6bcbí& —
co msoibHoft cioJiacTHEoá RÍeBcicofi aKa^eMÍa, cb saameifi mthh-
oofi jflTepaTypo h ci OTBpuTUMb nyTem am nojbCBHX* bjíshíB,
noroMy tto nora camift Riefi* 6ujtb eme bt, noibCBHX* pysaxi
h 6orociOBCKaa nojeMusa jiuajia HeoÓxoAHMUM* 3aaHÍe nOAbCBaro
flsusa; npHTOMi oahhi 9 totl se tobpb cxo.nacTHiecBO& HayRH
rocnoACTBOBaJi h bi» BieBCBOft niKO-it a b*b toí BaTOJuraecso-jaTRH-
ckoí, KOTopaa 6uasl ea otfpasi^OMi. Bt 9tbxt> yaiOBÍaxT> hohatho
noflaieHÍe toB xpohhbh HryMeHa MaxafijiOBCRaro MOHacrupa OeoAO-
á& Ca$0H0BH?a, KOTopaa nociyaajia naBHUMi hctoihhromi 8Ha-
MeHHTaro CaaoncBca, H3BÍ*CTHaro ci BMeHeMt Hhhob6htíji řešena.
IIoabCBie HCTopHKH AaBHO yse bhochah bi cboh TpyAH pyccsia
H3BÍcxia, MesAy npoMM* uojiBsyflCb h pyccRQMH j^TonacaMH. Ta-
soBii 6slib ^jyromx, Blubcsil, KpoMepi*, MtxOBCKift h ocoóihbo
Ctpu&kobcbí& 1 ). 7 nojBCKBXt acTopaKOBT. AaBHO yae csasajiacb
cpeAHeB^ROBafl MaHepa OTHCBHBBTb ApeBHÚi 6a6jie6cKÍa bjb rjmcch«*
lecBhi reHeaJoriB HapoAOBi» h bboahtb b* acTopiio npoB3BO.ibHoe
6aceocJOBÍe; hst* ynoMflHyruxi nojibCBBXT> nacaTejeň, oco6ihbo hsi
CrpuňKOBCKaro, btb MaHepa b caMua reHeaiorin OTHOCHTeJbHO oia-
BSHCBaro h pyccsaro HapoAa nepenura bi hxb K)SHo-pyccBHirb no-
ApaasaTeJiflMi. B% Chhohchc^ mu seTaeM-b itfuiue TpaBTaxu o&b bthxtb
ApeBntfiniHXi BpeMeHaxi pyccsaro HapoAa, BOTopnxi HHiero He
SHaerb Hami» Haq&ibHftift JiiTonBcen.x; ho BsaM^Hi 9TOro Chhoh-
chci, šasi h ero nepBOotípaai, onenb Májo sraero pyccsyio jt6to-
flHCb, a bm^ctí cb tÍmi h co6utu pyccsofi HCTopia nocat Taiap-
csaro HamecTBifl. nodyHHJOCb hIwto o^eHb CTpaHHoe. ABTopy Ca-
Honceca b3bíctho, OTqero npoHCxoAHTt bma aiaBaHx h pyccKBxx;
opapo^HTejieMi „mockobcbhxi HapoAOBi* Óujb Mocoxx, ynoMHHae-
muí bt> npopoiecTBÍ Ie3eKÍB.ia, niecrofi chhi A^eia, BHysx Hoa,
Tasí mo on Hero apoasonua b MocsBa a Bca Pycb. Ohx no-
Apo6ao pascBasuBaeTb o ApeBHeft Pyce,*o Rpemeoia BjaABMipa, ho
h 3A*Cb craBHTb paAOM-L npoTaBopfeqani.ia hoapo6hocth, Hanp., bx
ojhom* Mierfe pascsasuBaeTb o B.iaABMÍpí, hto oax aoCujii n.tab,
4 ) IIoiLCue iítoiihcuh eme HexocTaTOHHO MsyneHH m> 9tomt, omomemH. Pyccsia
taécnji Aiyrojna xo 1886 roxa, ci yKaaamera HtiOTopuzi napajjeiefl sai pyccsHxi
liromcei, coópaaH y BecTyjcena-PciraHa (O cociani pyccioixi jtTonHceft, npaioaseHÚr,
crp. 64—878.)
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344 BftCTHHKB EBPOIIH.
nosci h manKy BHáayio otb CTapocra BaeaHCBaro, KOToparo noóo-
po.il> Ha uoejsjmjsh, a tottocb sarfeMi roBoparL, tto bcí 9th Bema
6hjih npHCJiaHii Bia^HMipy H3t BasaHria. O dteepo-BOcroiHott PycH
Ohi HHHero He sraera h savku* sa pascBasoiťB o pa3opeHÍa KieBa
BaTueifB roBopHTL o MaMaeBOKB noóoanvfe; mhtpohojík) nepeHoemrB
Hst KieBa npflMO wb MocBBy. Bi> uepBOirB Hs^aHie Chhohchcb
OBaHHHBajca DpacoeAHHeaieMi, KieBa kb Mockbí h yse b% a&ib-
HifiraHxt Hajamaxi npaÓaBjeHLi 6bjjb BieBCBia coĎtiria BpeifeHi
Gejopa AjeRC^eBHHa. Ob nepBaro CBoero nouBJíema bi 1674,
Cbhohchcb nepeneiaTtiBUca ao 1861 ro*a jo 25 pas*; b*b
XVIII b*k* ero newT&ia #ase ÁBafteup Hayax, 3tot& yAHBHTeiB-
Htifi ycn4x*L ofoflcaseTca tíitb, ito, Basx roBopajrB MHTp. EBremft,
„KHHra cia, no ÓUBmeify HeAOCTaTay apyrmob počcifiCRoft BCTopia
rhhfb neiaTHuxt, 6ujia bt> cBoe Bpeifa exHHCTBeHHOK) OHoft yqe6-
hok) KHHroft a ; ho bo BCflKOMT* ciywb crrpaHHO to, Basi jojiro Aep-
s&iocb bi otfpaojeHia bto Aferanie erapofi sieBCBOft y?eHOCTH, BHy-
meHHoe bi 8HaiHTeiBHoft CTenem bojibckhm-b cpexHeBiiBOBNMi <5ac-
HOCJfOBÍeiTB.
TaBHifB o6pasoirB, Baai bbabitb, CaHOccBCy ocraica HeB3B$-
ctewb BecB xo#b pyccaaro j^TonEcama: eciH, Kaai npoHSBexeme
íosHO-pyccEoe, oh*b cocpeAOTOiHBajii CBofi HHTepecB Ha Kiert, to
cyAí»6a Mocbbu ótua eicy icaio BSBicrea h owb He airtrB noBaria
O TÉXt GOJBinfUťB J&TOIIHCHilXl KOMnHJJil^iaXX, BOTOpilfl CTapaTeiBHO
HsroxoBJuuiHCB b*b Mockb4 b% MOHacrupflxi h npHKasaxi, — H rtu*
He MeHie Cahodchcb crajrB Han6ojhe pacnpocTpaHeHHofi acropaqe-
caofl KHHroí cb KOHU.a XVII h bt, Te?eme Bcero XVIII B-fcaa. Ho-
Biňmiň hctophbi, yaaaaBi óacHOciOBBtifi ajeifeHTB CaBoncaca (sjcbcB
bi pyccByio HCTopiH) Mea^y npoiHMi 6hjb BBeAera a AaeacaHApt
MaKe^OHCKiů), saidmerL: „DoAofiBUfl HHoerpaHHua hobhhkh npa-
HuiiajiHCB Ha Pyca oxoTHie, t&mi npocrofi, ho uoihuB npotfkiOBt
h yMOJraamB pascaas* ApeBneft .iítoiibcb. Ha Pyca HCsaxeHHutt
TasHiTB o6padoirB BCTopaiecRifi pascaa^B npoAOJisaJii HcaasaTBCfl h
AonojiaflTbCfl hobijmb jereHAaMH noxb BjiáaieMt nojaTaqecKaxt TeH-
AeHu.ift BpeMeaa. 9th HOB^fimie npoAyKTLi BCTopaqecBaro Teopqe-
CTBa BusBaJiH npeHMymecTBeHHufl HHTepeci HBTaTeJieft, TaKB Raai
OTBtqaja Ha Bonpocu, HaaÓOJite BOsGy&A&Bmie hxt, jioÓcdlítctbo,
a CTapaa pyccsaa jiítohhcb bobco Bunuia a3i» moau". Ha^o npa-
ÓaBBTb, HTO Bl TO BpeMfl, RaBT» MOCBOBCBafl 1ÍTOHHCB CTaHOBHJaCB
ma paspaAfioft KHarofl, bjh aerieirB, b yspamajiacB He bi irfepy
AOopocjiOBieMB, Ghhohchcb Bce-TaBH npeAcraBJuurB sasoe hh Ha eerB
jiaTepaTypHoe HSJíoseHÍe; h HaBOHen.t, yse bi XVH bíkí ohx
6bvn> HaneiaTaffB. Bo bcabomi (yiynat, sor^a oh*b crajrB yqeÓHofi
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JMKřOMCB H flCTOft*. 345
kb uroň, „Ayxi CnHoncuca, — roBoporo hctophrb, — ijapara b*b Ha-
meft Hcropiorpa<f>ÍH XVIII Btea, onpeA&Hero BRycu h uHTepecu
qaTaTejeft, cnysura hcxoahow to?ro& am ÓojibniHHCTBa HSCď&AO-
BaTeieB, BHSKBaero nporecTu co CTopoeu HaaÓaiiie cepbedHiixi hsi
BHXt, OAHHMl CJOBOMl, CJyBRTO MKL 6u OCHOBHUlfb $OHOMl, Ha
KOTopoirL coBepmaeTCfl pasBNie HCTopnecROft HayKH npom.iaro cto-
jítíb. Bonpocu, noAmmie CaHoncacoMt, oócysftaiOTCH HJepÓaTo-
TOBNftťb fl BOJTHHNICB Bl» ROHltf} XVIII B$Ba... CoCTaaiflfl, TaKHlTB
otipasoiťb, HCXOAHuft nyHKTL acropiorpa^ia nponuiaro B*Ra, Cahoh-
chci, m» to se BpeMfl, Basem ajul Haci Kaní pesKwe Bcero, ht6
A&iajocb bi» pyccKoft Hcropiorpa<f>ÍH jo XVIII ctojítíh. PesyjibTarb
mro npeA^MAymaro nepioAa pyccROfi acTopiorpa^ia 6turb, npaBAa,
BecLMa nenajieHi. HcTopraain* XVIII B*Ka, yqaBmaMca no Chhoh-
aicy h npoHBKHyTHMt ero AyxoarL, npeACToa.ua npes^e Bcero sa-
jaqa — paspymaTb CaaoncacL h Bepnyrb eayKy Haaa^, r*b yno-
TpeÓjeHÍío nepBbixt HcroqHHROffb" ')•
Depšufi TpyAi b* otomi BanpaBjeflia npnHaAJesHTi BpeMeHaiťb
ílerpa BeJHRaro. 3to— HBBfccTHOe, ho aobojbho saóuToe „fijpo
pOCdĚCKOtt HCTOpia", KOTOpoe npHHHCilBaiOCb Bl» XVIII BliR* RHfi8K>
XuBOBy, pyccBOMy pesH^eHTy bi» IIlBeiÚB opa IleTpi, a cl ero
HneHeMi» 6uj\o as/^aao, ho HeacnpaBHO, MuJuiepoMi b* 1770; bho-
cjíactbíb, oAHaso, Óujo AoaasaHO, ito couHHTOJieMi „ilApa" óbu*
He Xhjirobi, a ero ceRperapb MaHRieB*, a^hbibíB ci hbmt, njiHt
bi niBeipe. Bi H3AaBÍB Majjepa 6ujo nponymeao npejHCJiOBie;
ho bt» HatAeHHUXi hotomi hobljxt» cnHCRaxi „Jlxpa" noAi npe-
AHcaoBieirL OKasajiacb noAnact A. M., h eme mbtpodojhtl EBre-
hí£ *) AoraAMBajica, hto aBTOpoirb RHera He 6wl% Xhjirobi, a ero
ceRperapt bjh nepeBOAwnťb; vb oaacaHia pyRonaceft rpa$a Toj-
croro 6tuo HassaHO hma ceRperapa, a Boctokobt, OROHqaiejibHO
ycTaBOBBJT, aBTopcrBO MaHBieBa. Ksara 6ujia nocBaoi.eBa, m% mrhaa,
Ilerpy to anpijii 1715 roAa. TaRHM^ o6pa30Mi> xpoHOJoruiecRu
9to Óbijo nepBoe HcropHqecRoe conaHeflie, ABaBtneeca m nepioAt
pe^opira, — cmiHBBaTB ero mosho tojibro ho cpaBBeaiio ci tími, it6
') Mhjdbobi, rjaBHUJi TeieHÚi pyccsofi HCTopniecKoft mhcjh XVIII h XIX cto-
rkTifl, vt> „P. Mhcih", 1893, iiHiapB, CTp. 47 h *. He 6yxeni roBopHTb o xpyrux-b
OTpajteeijctb nojbCBoi HCTopiorpa4>ÍH bt» namet crapoft nHCbMeneocTH. &Ma DpHMtpa
Etaotewb eafi pyccsoe coHHHeeie— 9 GKHecsyi> HCTOpi» u AHApea JlaaioBa, 1692, co6-
CTBeBBO ICTOpiO BOCT01HHXI HapOXOBl, OTiaCTH HO nOJBCKHMl, HCTOHBHCam, OTiaCTII
npíMO nepeBexeHHyi) cb noxBciaro („Rhopb Typeusaro cyjTaHa"). TjianHHe hctohhhkh
Ju3JOBa— TBarHBHi, Kpoiiept, Biibc&ifi, OrpufisoBCKift, BoTepi, Tasse BapoHió, Kbhhtl-
Kypiqu (o6i> AjeicaH^p* MaiexoBCKom); hst> pyccwxi, XpoHorpa^, n 3ac*KHni,
j^Tonncen> a , h ocoÓihbo „CieneHBaa".
*) Bi „CjDBapi" pyccKHxi cbítcbhxi iracaTejeft, II, ctp. 289.
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346 BftCTHKKB EBP01OL
eiiy HenocpexcTBeHHO npeAmecTBOB&io, HMeHHO cb Chhohchcomb.
Kam> Booón^e npoHSBeAeHifl IleTpoBCiiaro BpeMeHa eme hocotb Ha
ceftb MBoro ocoóeHHocTeň crapHHH, ho BMtcrt ci tímb ^aion* h
h&ito coBepmeHHO HOBoe, Tasí a sa^cb. .JlApo" eme hmíotb hí-
qTO o6ffl.ee cb CanoncBCOMt, ho bo MHorexi OTHOineaiaxt ctohtb
ropasAO Bume ero. CoTOHenie MaHKieBa moimo 6ei a&bho cb 6ojib-
raoň nojibsofi 3aMÍHaTB Chhohchcb vl KanecTBi yqetíaoS khaki, ho
HaA% HaifL eme npoAOjaiajt xaroTiTb ofoiiafi CTapoft „nacbMeH-
hocth": BHara MaeKieBa Aoaro oÓpautfuacB tojbko bb pyKonacaxx,
H3BfecTHaa noBHAHMOMy He HHorHMi aioómexsíwby — a HanHcamaaii
bi 1715, OHa tftua BSAaHa MHJuiepoMB jramb b-b 1770, kb Ka-
qecrBt cTaparo acTopaqecBaro aaiiflTHHRa; ho bt> noďbAHie rojil
XVIII B$xa »flApo a Birkao yae ^eroipe asAamji.
MaHsieBi Tarase HaiHHaerB npoHSBOACTBOMi pyccRaro napoja
otl Mocoxa, cuHa ilýeTOBa, npa neiťB, airkfl bi bbay cpeAHeei-
bobují reHeajoria, ocoÓohho HacTaaBaen, Ha tom*b, tto pyccsii ea-
poA% BeAen cboo npoacxosAeaie on lejosfota, a ho otb jo»-
mix* čoroBi x ).
Owb c^eji HyasHUMX, yae caHOCTOflTeiBHo, oapoBepran, aenpa-
BBjBHoe hpoh8boactbo BneHH cjiaBAHi, a HMeHHO, ocnapBBaen* rbxi),
KOTopue, CJiiAya DípoKoniio, IopaaHAy, EaoHAy, MaBpo-OpfiHHy h
„ApyrHMi HTajiaHCKHMx HHaBo tf (T.-e. BnponeMT.) „yieHUHB a pasyii-
hubtb MyaawB h TBopijam*", ho SHaBfflBMt ciaBAHCsaro asasa,
npoB3BOAflTL BMfl cjiaBHHi otb sclavo, schiavo, ROrAa oho nponcxo-
ahtx otb ciaBti, a HTajumcKoe cjiobo bbajiocb otb hj&hhitcb oia-
l ) „Hapora pyccsii... naiajo cboo Bexen HenepepuBaiuft nopjjEQMb on Mo-
coxa Mejoróia, a He otl npHTBopHuxi ooron, bak% rpeu, Qepcu h npo<L, Pinune
on nacTHpefi, on pasooftBHKon h ÓinenoB* bi Bejrasyi) caiy bhdocihh, cthahuci*
npocToro CBoero saiaTia, b xjh Tóro npHTBOpiuuici., óyxro hx* Hapora on PoMyja,
cuHa Bóra bohhh Mapca, h nepumpi Pera Chilbíh npoHameii, KOTopnt Poxyjycb
c* ÓpaTOMi CBOflMi Pomohl 6y*TO on boiíhuh BOCHHTaHH 4 *... ErBirraHe dpoh3boxjiti>
ceoji on seiuH, aiiriB^aHe h „msom" on B^peBBH cspiftcKot Ajibhhh, h Tasse on
duea TpoaHCKaro; BOHrpu — n on» Marepa hjh Maropa h TyBaopa, cuhobi Heiupoxu
BaBHJoacsaro, xotb no icthhí on p&kh Yrpa ta% Pyccsaro rocyxapcrBa h kbjml6-
CTna K)ropn npoH8omjH u , h np. „A HamH Pyccue, Cia&rae h npcrie napoxH Cap-
uaTCsie He leTann no BoxHeóecii) xi* upoHaBe^eHin npe^KOBi cbohxi, ho hcthhhojo
cbood xo6pox*BTeiÍD He on tioroift, ho on ^eiOBBsa, hbho Hanaio CBoe npomBo-
wn a .
Pyccxíe on Mocoxa HasHBajBCk npexxe Mocxaira, Mocoxami h np., ho hotom*
„pain CMtraeeia hhhxi Bapo^om. h no pytiexHocTH, in xu ^pasjn w HHxs ryxa m
hha* uoxoxobi h Bofifffc, crapoe CBoe nposBaHie npeneóperme, BBaHH h dhcbhh 6umm
on KHB3B CBoero Pycca, KOTopui on Mocoxa npoH3Be*eHi'e cioe ieii, PycciaHn, Pok-
ccaaHH, PoBcaHH, PyeoHw, Poccíahu h xepxasa hxl PoccLa* ( B flxpo u no 3-ny mm.
1791, CTp. 9 h i.).
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JlfcTOIlHCB H HCTOPIH. 347
bshx, — npuieMX ccujaeTCfl Ha „pascyxAeme ernditissimi Vossii,
saRx ero yieflue HasuBaiOTx bx KHarfc 2 de vitiis sermonis, o nó-
ponaxx 6ec&AU, rjiaBu 17: Sclavo censetid primitus nominis ortům
inditumque illis, quos e fořti slavorum gente captos in servitntem
redegissent". pájíte, OAHaao, ohx onaTb bx toh* CHHoncnca cmh-
Taerx HysHUMx cnasaTb o AofaecTaxx h xpa6pocTn <uaB3HCRaro h
pocci&CRaro HapoAa, o neiix „MHorie TBOpm* nspaAHO noMHHaroTx".
CjiauiHe no&bsAajm mBeAOBx, phiuuihx, rpeROBx; capMara pasfojra
„Ha nojtaxx KaTajioeHTCKHxx tt cjiasHaro Kopojia h JiOTaro BOHHa
Arrajiy. Ohh nOMora.iH h AjieacaBApy MaiteAOHCBOMy bx saBoeBaHk
Mipa, sa Koropyio cbok> xpaópocrb otx Hero rpaMOTy, sojotumh
CJiOBaxH DHcaHHyio, AOCTaJH, KOTopaa h hhh4 bi» ApxHBt cyjTaHa
Typei^saro je»HTx a l ).
Chhohchcx He Morx pasotfpaTxca bx Baparaxx, to HastiBaa hxx
oaaBflHaiáfl, to roBopa, tto ohh npninjiH b otx Hfeneiix"; MaHKieBX
He ODpe^ijaerb hxx hhpoahocth, ho eme HOBTopaeTX crapyio Gacmo,
npoHSBOAH PiopHKa „otx ciMeHH Qpycca, ABOiopoAearo 6paTa Kecapa
ABrycra", h no OTOiiy aayqaio ccujaacb Ha „bc£xx jiTonacijeBi*
pyCCKBXt H JIIITOBCKHXX, XOTfl 6x HXX KTO THCflqy O^HH CX ApyrBMB
cnycTHTb (t.-o. cpaBHHTb) xorkat". Bio HOBOAy Ojílyh MaHKieBX
noM4m,aeTL „nojHTHqecKoe pascysACHie o cynpyatecTBÍ rocy^apeR
BjaAiraexBHHXx" ; bi» ApyroMX Mfecrb — pascysAesie o phxcbomx npattb...
roBopa o RHflst BjiaABMipi, Ohi BcnoMHuaen> o ero (foraTupaxx;
citasaBX hoapo6ho o 6oi HSBicTHaro Gorarap* cx neqeHfcsHHOMx,
ohx npoAOJisaeTx: „Rpoitii cero Aesl MHoríe HHue xpaópue h caaB-
Hue Óorarapa 6ujib y Bejuaaro RHa&i BjiaAHBiipa: ELaia HBaHOBaqb
MypoMeu.t, Boroparo rfeao Aftse aoheihí bx neniepaxx KieBCRHxx
JieuTx HeTjtHBo, PorAafi, ROTopufi Ha 300 HenpiaTejeft oahhx
Boopyseflx Hanyniajx, Ahapí*hx Ao&iahrobx, ^oÓpuHfl b nporie" *).
Ho ecJH OTHOCHTejBHO ApeBHMmaro nepioAa MaHRieBx eme ho
ocboóoahjca otx npesHaro 6acHO<uoBÍa, to bx AaJibHMmeMx paa-
csaffb Ohi craHOBHTca HecpaBHeHHO Bbirae CaHoncaca. Ohi saaeTx
MCTopiřO ctBepo-BOCTOiHoň PycH h 3Haen> jiTonacb; ecjin HHorAa
ohx CM^niHBaerB nacTHua boapoÓhoctb, to rJiaBHua coóutísi H&ia-
raen vb npaBBJií>HO& noojitAOBaTeJbHOCTB, crapaeTca Aa»e o6x-
acuHTb, noneny Bcepocci&CKift npecTOJii Óujvl nepeHeceHx hsx Kiena
vb ciBepHyK) Pycb; oh-l bucoko craBBTx BÍBaHa Baca^beBBqa lil
h cpaBHHBaeTL ero cx BjaAHMipoMx CBflTociaBHiexx — no BejnRHMx
ero 3acjyrain» ajwí rocyAapcrBa: ohx ocbo6oami» Poctilo h ,bo3-
>) Tsmi *e, crp. 15—20.
*) Taní se, crp. 62.
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348 Mcrranfc ebpouh.
AaflTej&HO 3ojOTyio OpAy hoa* cbob nooayraaeie npHBeďb", horo-
pMX HoBropoAt h npoqi* pyccfiia KHaaěma h „b* oaho MoHap-
xíh PoccifiCKoft rkao npHBejn, h coBORynajii", O CMyraoirb Bpe-
MeHH Ohi coo6maen>, Raaterca, hobuh opHraHajibHUH h3b4ctíjj (o
Bopucfc, IIIyňCROMi, ÝHJiaperfc), iioapoÓho roBopwrb o saxBarb
HoBropo^a mBeACKEMi nojiKOBOAU.eMi. ^ejarapAH, MeaRAy npo?HMi>,
pa3Cfca8iiBafl o niBeACRHXi rpaóesaxi no rbarb CB^Aemairb, Ra&ia
cotfpajrB bo Bpexa CBoero npeóuBama b* Uhei^H. H Bártu* owb
pa3cyxAaerL: „Cíh-to Tenepb noranyma nommausi h B&AOMua cb
niBeACKOft CTopoeu Pyca a^ahhbia o6hau cyTb ÓJiBsaftmafl Bnea
BoftHH, KOTopyio uflQb IleTpx AaeKcieBHqb kb roAy orb P. X. 1700
npoTHBi UheACROfi seMjM noAHfljm, asejaa HenpaBAy npaBeAHUMi
opysieMi OTcyAHTB, h am Tóro Bopl ero npaBeAHoe opyasie qa-
cthme HaA^ HenpiflTejieirB noÓ&AaMtr yBÍBqaTb hsbojhjtl 8 1 ).
PascRasx AOBeAeHi ao 1712 roAa, TO-ecrb ao nocrfcAraro Bpe-
Meea, h bi» saRJuoqeme aBTopx, Bejierift uorjiohhhri Ileipa, iwl
Kb ero HsoÓpasema sasi-óyATO h itfufcift buboat* hsb pyccROfl
HCTOpÍH.
9 Ceft TocyAapB IJapb EfeTpi AieRcfceBHqb cbohmt> HeycHUHuin* '
npoMuciioira A^psaBy PyccRyio ort HenpiaT&ifl otiopoiuurb, napoAi
HeyqeHbrifr, ROTopiift bcakhmh cboÓoahumb BayRH npe&Ae ÓpesroBa^i,
wb yqeHOCTB npHBejrb, a mw6u to yAo6flfee CAfeia^b, cara... kb
HHtifl rocyAapciBa CTpaHCTBOBajrb, h hoaoahxx rocnoAi H3t noA~
AaHHKixi cbohxi Kb Hxajiiio, í>paHuiio, repnamio h hha* nocujia**,
yqiuema MHoriJi kb PycH saBeJii, bcarhxi xyAO&ecTKb Basi rpas-
AancRHXx, mKx h bohhcrhxi noAA&HHtixt cbobxi HayqHTbca npn-
BeJTb, H OAHHMI CJOBOlfb CRasaTb, BCK) Pycb XyAOSeCTBBI h k£a$-
nieiťb npocBfrnurb, h 6yATO CHOBa nepepoABJt. Bo hcthhí no npe-
ciaBHUMi h Bceny CKfrry yABBHrejbHuift AksairB Ero B&iaqecTBa,
RaRx kb rpasAftHCROirb ynpaBjeHÍH, TaRx h kb MHoroTpyAHuxx
Bo&Haxi, h HaA*b HenpíflTejflMH nofóAaxi, noxBaJibHtixi kb cia-
Phh4 HaByxoAOHOCopoKb BaBEuoecKHxt, KnpoBi IlepcRHxx, Aie-
RcaHApoBi BeiHRHXx MaKeAOHCBHxx, YjHCCOKb TpeqecRHxx h cjuib-
hhxi hxx a&pb npeBocxoASTb; no neiiy 6u h Hcropiio o ceirb To-
cyAapt noApoÓHO Hsei^AOBaTb h no AOCTOHHCTBy onncaTb HaA^eauuio:
ho MeHfl orb Tóro no cie BpeMa yAepauwo, qiotfyAyqn BxIIlBen.iH
Kb njfcHy noA* secTORHMi apecroMX, eABa BtimenHcaHHoe ri o&b-
flBJíemK) ciicRaTb Mora, a (ojibme HSBtcrit h aanecoKt He hmía,
DpHHysjeHHiarL eaxoayca nepo noRHHyrb, h npoqee am onHcaeia
>) Taní, ae, crp. 337; cp. CTp. 426.
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jifcTOEHCB hctopih. 349
npecjaBHaro Hanrero Moaapxa ÓescMepTHtixi p$m> ApyraarB ocra-
BHTB* 1 ).
Bi nepBHfl pas* cnpaBewHBaa oi#HRa Tpy^a MaHRieBa Ótua
crfuaHa C. M. CojOBBeBHMi. Co BpeMeHH RapaMSBHa „flapo poc-
áficBoft HCTopÍH a noMHHajiocs oÓBíKHOBeHHO, rsr* npaMipt ycTapi-
jaro HesHaHÍa a ÓesBBycia, ho npeaue Bcero Hajo óujio bcbombbtb,
kt. saBOMy BpeMeHH npaHafliieaajio 9to cOHHHeme: yAHBHTejftHO (Shjo
apyroe, vro co BpeneHi IleTpa ne 6eijio cjtfuiaHO jpyroro spaTRaro
otisopa pyccBoft HCTopin, ROTopuft mopb 6u saMŠHBTB RHHry HerpoB-
csaro BpeMeHH. CojoBBeBi npes^e Bcero otfpaTBďL BHHMame Ha
BpeMH cocraBJíeHifl BHara MaHRieBa, Ha to, sto eft npeamecTBOBaJio,
h Hamejrb cnpaBeftJiHBHKB wtb eft noHerooe mícto bt» Hameft hcto-
paqecKoň JiaTepaTypí: HCRJfKwaa flpeBfffeftmift nepio^i, co6htíh nepe-
Aanu bi coHHHeHia MaHRieBa „óessarfjfiHO, oCeroaTe^bHO, hohth
óesoniBÓoqHo; ne 3a6y,neMT>, hto h noorfe, Kor.ua Hanáka noaBJíaTBca
6ojte oĎmapaua coiBHema no wcth pyccRoft acTopia, to ohh Raca-
1HCB OÓHRHOBeBHO ApeBH^ftniHXl eH nepÍOAOBl>, H S.KPO OCTaBaJOCb
0TH0CHT6JIBH0 CaMUMl HOJIHHMl pyROBOACTBOMl B*B H3yieHÍK) pyCCROft
HCTOpia: BTHMl OfaaCHaeTCa TO, TT0 OHO flOCTHrJIO íeTHpeXl H3-
AaHi&..." 8 ).
Ho vl neMi coctohjb JiBTepaTypeua cpejcm MaHRieBa a
OTRy^a ohi npioópijn, hxt>? Boctokobt. no npaBonacaHiíO a bíko-
TOpLIMT, CJOBaVTB B*B pyROHHCH „flflpa", HMl pa3CM0TpÍHH0&, CSH-
Tan> MaHRieBa MajiopocciaBaHOMi; OoJOBte^B coraamajca cb bthm*,
ocHOBUBaflCb Ha BHyTpeHHHxi Raiecroaxi caora. HaROHei^b, 3to
BipoflTBO h no yienocTH MaHRieBa, ROTopaa Bcero cRopfce Moraa
6htb Tor^a npiotipfrreHa kb H)SHO-pyccROft mROJit. Y MaHRieBa
ecn> yse cosHaTejBHuft BsrjiaffB Ha acropiio. B*b nocBameHÍH IleTpy
(no pyROHHCH PyMflHijoBCRaro Mysea) roBopeTca: „íto o Hcropiax*
o6m,e HaieasHTB, Kor.ua a npapo^y Hcropift noMunuaio, BecMa no-
MunrjuiH), tto ohh BeJHRÍe b^a^híh) He^OBÍqecKOMy npaHOcaro hojsu;
noHese bi hhxi, RaRi bi iHcrbfimeMi aepKajrfc, npes^e SHBmHx*
ÓErrifl, cobíth, píneHia a x&ia tori AOÓpue, rrr^ 3jue bbahmi>...
TaMO 60 o6pamema 6e&b Tpy^a, ase bbíb cotípama cb Tpy^OMx,
h <my*y as^epnaema a ÓJiarHxi AO^pOA^TejiH h sjío^eernBiixi no-
poRH, SHiia MeJOB^qecRaro pasjíHHHaa asMÍHesia a Bem,efl b*b HeMi
oÓpameHia; Mipa cero HenocroaHCTBO, a HenecTHBUxx CTpeMwaBHBie
na^esa h, Aa ejiflHbwb o6iiMy cjiobomx, sjeixi a^bí& RasHH a
tfjiarHxi nonecTB, H31 hhxi se tíxt> OTÓirBema, ^a He bt> npa-
*) Tam me, crp. 431—432.
*) IlHcaTeJH pyccsofi HCTopin XVIII-ro risa, bi „ApxHB*" KamaqoBa, kh. II,
nox. 1. M. 1865, arp. 3 h x.
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350 MCTHHRl EBPOHH.
botu 6oxia pyivfc Bnajema. Cia oóuMema, aa nonecTH ase cx hhm h
xoflarB, yjiyraraH*... Cjioboitb, bto — AHANSTHiecKoe noHimaHie hcto-
piH, AomeAmee y hecl jo caMaro RapaMSHHa.
y?eHOCTB MaHRieBa mapě, hšmx y Koro-jatfo hsi ero npej-
mecTBeBHHROBi. Kpoarfe TBepxaro SHaHia ÓHÓje&CRHx* RHHra, ohi»
xopomo SHaerB reorpa$iio ccmiaeTca Ha ujkiuŘ paj* Apesmixi
nHcaiejeft, hsbícthhx* eMy OT^acra, MoaterL 6htb, no BuiHTaH-
humtl yRasamairB, ho ottocth HecoMH^HHO h ho coÓCTBeHHOiiy
HTeHÍH). HffB xpeBHHXi ynoMHHaroTca y Hero RceHO^OHro, Hpojtoro,
DroJOMeft, Anojuonifi (Argonautica), ILiHHifijTporB DoMnefi, JDcthkb,
TIoMnoHÍS Meja, Ioca^x $jaBÍfi, Bapoct (Berosus), rpeqecaift hcto-
Phri 3oHapt; »Ji4e, H$nei{RÍe nacaTe.na: KapioHi, <řajanin,
MeMHXTOHi, Kypeň, $occiycB; Hxaa&aacRie: MaBpo Opóamfi h
9fleacB CaJiBiycB; mBeACRie: IlaBjaHycB roTyc*, DeTpeycL *); hojib-
CRie: MapeijKift, KajuyÓeRi, „ÓesíHaieHHufi (řpaHn.yst", ^Jiyronn,
MexoBifl, GrpuftROBCRift h np. IIojvb 1492 roAOMX, OffB ynOMH-
Haer* ofa> AMepeKÍ, Roropyio orspiin „Xpaero^opr* KoiyMtíyct,
poAOifb reHy^qeHHHi,, qeJOBfeRi pasyna ocrparo, KOTopuft iraoria
crpaHti h ORiaHa MHOro nepefeAMi".
Keara MaHRieBa ÓHJia BBejeHie&rc r* nacTyaaBmeft hoboB pas-
paĎOTKt pyccKoň HCTopia, Korja ascjiuoBame BnepBue oópaTHJiocb
Rfc COtfHpaHÍH) H 06xaCHeHÍK) CaMUXT> HCTOqHHROBl Cb nOMOlUJK)
HayHHOĚ BpHTHKH, H TOJIbKO CB dTHX*B HOpi CT8UH B03M02RHU JJOCTO-
B^pHaa peeraBpanja h cosaaTejiBHoe noHHMame nepesHTOft crapaHLi.
A. IltinHHx.
') „BesjnrHHfi doietee* Hora nuejiCKifi HeTpeiyct 10 Bcfcxi cbohxi EHHrax* Ha-
po*i Pyccwfi 6e&k toctoí corbcth h cpaiia pyraerb a . M Cíp. 336.
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H3T> POEEPTA EOPHCA
1.— BHABHIE.
y 6amHH ctojmi a, y CTapuxx pasBajam,,
Hapocmnxi creÓJáMH TpaBii;
BxajH pasxaBajica, TpeBOSHO neujero,
Pu^aBOmift OKpHRl COBU.
D,apHJ0 6e8MOjBbe Hajn> crameio crenbK),
JIhiob rA*-TO RpHqaia aiica,
H na^aJH sbíbah orHHcroio ijinbio,
Ctóoft 6op03xa netfeca:
Píra OMLiBaja crapeHraa crtau,
H mbmo pa8pymeHBijrB djihtl
Raraiacb ei yTecairL, ra* vb otfjaK* n4ra
IIotokt, ee CMonu 6ypjHTL.
Bi xciojhomi císhbť, sara Jenda téhh,
Kam xmf%, yieTaromifi bi bhcb —
Bo mimš BepeHHi^u TyMaHHiixi bha4hí6
OreseBD Bosjynmoft Hecjact.
£L roiOBy no/rann, — h BjpyrB uši joatffai
Bnepu CBepBaH>núfi Bsopt,
Jíbhjgi mrt iiprepara, hochbidíí crapHHHi
moTjaHAesaro tfap^a ytfopi.
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352 , BftCTHHKI EBPOntl.
Bcfl Mom* BiKOBaa pojeoro eapoja
CB-feraiacb kb lepTaxi y Hero,
H ABCTBeHHO JOsyHra CBameHHtift: — CBOÓoxa! —
Bhah&ica Ha nuieirfc ero.
3anijix offB, — Tasofi BAOXHOBeHHoio chjo&
Bujia 8Ta ntcHA nojraa,
9t0 MHHJIOCb: H B3JITUXI HaBÍKH MOrHAOft
.Hjw SH3HH paatíyAHTL ohs.
BocropateHHO niui ohi o ahaxt* MUBOBaBiiiaxt,
O ahaxi HacTyneBfflHX^ ci Tociioft,
H 3ByK«B sthxi nicera, mh4 bi cepwe sanaBiiiBxi,
Ocrajca HaBfcKH co iraot.
2-— CMEPTb.
Tu, ÓiiTb BejiHBift nipo3,naHui,
íbe CMepTOHOCHoe AuxaHte
Yhochtb n,apcTBa h Jiojett —
IIpHBirB Teč* Cl TBOetO CBHTOfi:
Jiymoij cTpaAaHiem paaÓBTOň,
A He 6oíocb rposu TBoett.
Orpijia TBOa, cpassBi secroKO
JIioďbh Moeft H SH3HH i0ub,
IIpoB8HJia cep;me mh$ raytioKO
H bi» BeMt TpenemerL a aocejb.
II Bosý a (Ses* cojporaBsa,
Kára HaA*B noHHKmeft rojiOBott
Hff& T6MH0ft Ty^H rposOBoft
CBepRaei-B mojhíb ciaHse.
3oBy Tetfa, arfenafl CHja!
Bce, ttí> aaBerB, h Bce, *ití> jkhjo —
Tetfa CTparaHTca h utaHero;
Ho a soBy Te6fl, sara Apyra,
lípaje bo mh4: mr* TEerb Heayra,
CTpaxHH riocrujioft xhshh rHOTb!
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H3T> POBEPTA BOPHCÁ. 353
•
iKaaaHHoe ycnosoeHbe —
Kor^a upažen oho, Kor&a?
H cepMa cicopÍHaro (JieHte
Bi rpofiy 3aTHXHerB HaBceraa?
Bi lepTaxi CessHSHeHHuxi — Ha crpaxa,
Hh ropLRpxi cjiesi h Myši óujhxx!
MorajisHBíft xojoai, u.apcTBO npaxa
H cohi kb ofodTiaxt tbohxt.!
3.— H3BPAHHHKH.
^Límt* npeKpacHift <ma h H&saie
Ha BBICOKOlťB H TOHKOMT> CTefai —
Tíbcl rposoft Hajerfomeft CEÁbwbe
IIparaCaerB jiueio kt> seiurfi.
ífciťt OTpaAHÍfi ci 3apeio pyMAHOd
ntCHfl HTH1BH Bi Jia8ypH SBOHETl —
TiMt FfepHifi HaAx aotíniefi sejaHHOft
íepHoft tomkoh) BCTpefii KpyawrB.
H hímx Aajisme otb mcb coBepmeHCTBO —
T&irb Bt ce(5t HeoTcrynHifi Bjeiero;
BejiHqaflmee b*b iiip* ÓjaseHCTBO —
BeJBqafimee ropě Hecera.
4.— M O JI h B A.
OceHHift A&HB ópocaerc. t4hb
Ha pomH h Jiyra,
Bx ropaxi — rayÓOK* 6&2Lhto dotob-b
H 6beTca bi Óepera.
TyMaHa Mm KpyroMi Jierjia
H 6ypa — Bce rpo3HÍft,
Ho uwb TyMaHi h yparara
Mn.iie BemHHXi flHeft.
rpo3u nopuBi h KORb pasjum —
CpoxHH xymfc MoeĚ;
To» IY.— Idjb, 1896. 23
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354 BftOTHHKl EBPOHU.
•
JIioÓobs — MepTBa, oHa — JHCTBa,
OnaBmaa cn> BÍTBeft...
Ho ecJH CBÍrL MHHyBnmxi* jvbvb
He CBŠTHrt vl bhiiihhí,
#aft CHiiy shtb h nosaÓHTb,
#aft npHMHpeHbe Mat!
5.— OCEHHlft TYMAHL.
DoBÍfljio nepBHMi AHxaBbearb shmu,
IIokpobom^ TyMaHa Ofl-fcjIHCb XOJIMH,
CKpuBaa Ótrymjft b* aojihh* pyneft.
Hh KpacoKi. oceHHHXL, bh apsaxi ayieii!
Tocrjihbo noHHBHyjii 6e8JiHCTBeHHBi& (íojrb,
B% nciaxt, nOTepaBraHXi* seieHíitt yCopi,
IleqajibHO Óposy a no jihctbami cyxHirb,
0#HOfi HeOTBflSHOH) AyifOÍt TOMHMl.
KaBi BpeMfl yxoAHra, h aem oto aha
ITpecjiiAyerL apeóifi cypoBtift Měna;
Kaní MHoro a nposHJťb, naro TmeTHO a jbhjtl,
Karcb Majio ocr&iocb h shshh, h chjb, —
Rasi Bce bsbtIhhjh HCTeRmie íhh
H V3LI BaBÚi nopB&iH ohb!
SesneiHO mu cb n$CHeio wi ropy H^ero,
Ho rpyerHO MereMca otiparHUMi nyrem;
y»ejb 8a npeA&iaMH shshh seMHOfi
H£tb BHcmaro CMticjia h jkhshh hhoS?
6.-B1 rP03Y.
Mh4 cHH.iacB AOJHHa, sajHTafl ftiecKOifb,
BeceeHaro hojaha Kpaca,
H piqKa, frferymaa ct pajocreuM* aiecKOMi,
H mameK* jt&chuxi ro.iOca.
Ho BApyrb oTAajieHHaro rpoMa yrposu,
Raicb ctohi npoHecjiHCb bi» thiiihhI*,
H bítbh cbjohhb^, samyMiuiH (tepesH,
Tposfl noTeMHÍBme& bojjhí...
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HffB POBEPTA BOPHCA. 355
TaiCB tfiUO H KB SH8HH CO MHOK) BOrja-TO:
BeceHHflro noj^ea jasypB
Cmíhhjh co6ok> to MBHyry sama—
HopiiBu cypoBue 6ypB.
Pa8BÍflJiH ÓypHue BHxpa cotfOK)
D^Tymee ciame Moe,
H Bce an> ydoan a, Basi jyťfe, no/FB rposoro,
H rpy^BH) Bcrpinaio ee.
7.— cojran;E h MfccaijTb.
(HapojHaa nicHfl).
PacTonHJiHCb cfffera,
3ejeB4K)rL jryra,
OMUBaeMBi cbítjoS bojihoio,
Tojbbo bx cepw& nemít,
H Boro-TO mh4 ssub,
Kto CK>Aa He BepHeTca BecHOio...
Gjhobho cojiHeqBuft cbítb,
HeasiflHHuft npHB^TB
EsexHeBHO Hecym,ifi BceieHHOfi:
Tasí jioÓHJia h a,
Tbbx ÓHJia h Moa
Mo^OAaa juoÓobb HeHsirlHHofi.
Ho, yBH, xojOAHa
H šasi mícaiji tfjrlAHa
Mh* jik)6obb ero lacro nasajiacB:
H3MÍHfljacb oHa,
H Bára bi Hefi* JiyHa —
Gb BasAHMi pasoMi oaa yMeHBmaiacB.
8.— KPACABHIJfc.
UpespacHa th, — bt> tom* hítb h cnopy,
JI sas^aji 611 TBoefl jboďbh,
Kor^a fo TH MHJIOCTH CBOH
He pacroiaja Óesx pasóopy.
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356 BftcniHm BBPomi.
H sto yurett Te6a He nor&
H oÓMaHyrt roTOBofi CRassoft?
Tu — cjiobho Benraift Bfrrepx,
Aapamift Bcíxt CBoero jacicoft!
BsrjflHH Ha posy: Me»B jhctboS
Om CBpiiBaeTCfl on Bsopa,
HeÓpesHoft copBaHa pyroft,
Ofla yBAHerB cjihiiikomx csopo.
Tli, kb Hacja&AeHÍK> crpeiucB,
n^BÍTemb xasoK) se Rpacoro,
Ho xepsBofi copBaHa pysoio,
IIorHÓHefflB, ÓporaeHHaa kb rpasL.
O. MhxaAjobá.
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KAnHTAJ[M3M , L
BX
JOKTPMffi& MAPKCA
L
dKOHOMHiecBaii Teopifl Mapsca, Basx mu bha&ih 1 ), nocrpoeHa
Ha BecBMa cioxHoft cHcreirl BHyTpeHHHXx npoTHBOptaift, Hepaspfi-
fflHMuxx jyate cb tohbh spbms caiioro aBTopa „RanHiaia".
Bc4 pascy&xeHi* <Xfa> otipasoBamH npHÓaBOHHoft ijíhhocth bo
BpeMA npoijecca npoHSBOxcTBa TepaBora nowy, ecu bchomhhtb, w>
^mocTb BOBce H6 cocTaBJuert caMOcroaTejibHaro BHyTpeHHuro sa-
qeera, npncymaro TOBapairo, a saBHCHTi on bhíidhhx-l yciOBift,
BajťB BOTopuMH npoHSBOXHTejH He BjacTHu, T.-e. orb creneHH otfnte-
CTB6HH0& noTpeíÍHOCTH bx xaHHuxi TOBapan h orb cpexmixi otfnte-
CTBeHHO-HeofixoAHMuxx ycJOBift Hxt npoH8BOxcTBa. Kasaa npHÓa-
BoiHaa ivIhhoctb Moaen> cosxaBaTBca xo noaaiemfl TOBapora Ha
Phhb-6, Borxa i$bhoctb cymeerByeTL eme tojbro kb npexnoioaBe-
hmxx g pascwraxi npexnpHHHMaTejui? Cbojbbo <5h hh ynarpeftui-
jocb ycHJÚĚ Ha C08xaHÍe h yBejeneme npHÓaBOiHOfi it&hhocth b%
npoijeccfe npoHSBOxcTBa, HHBaBoft npHÓaBOHHoft ijíhhocth ne osa-
seTca Ha x*Ji4, ecw OHa He bxojht-b fb i$hh hpohbboxhmhxi
TOBapoBi h He BjiaerL Ha bth TOBapHiu i$hh. Bi npex&iaxi se
cymecrByiomexx iv&kb mosho xocTHTHyTb „npetiaBorooft ic&hhocth"
tojbbo nyTeifi yxejneBjeHÚi npoHSBOXCTBa; ho yxemeBjeHie npoH8-
*) Cm. rané: naft, cíp. 267 h cit*.
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358 BfcCTHHKB EBPOUH.
BOAdBa, ^aacb BceoÓntaiťB h ofimexocTynHHMB, noHH&aeri itfmu
TOBapoFB h cj^xoBHTejiBHO ona tb- Tase He ocxaMae-TB vb pyitax^
npoHSBOABTejifl HERasoft cnen,iajit>Hoft npHĎaBOiHofi ijíhhocth.
Gainie TepMHHu: „npitóaBOiHHfi Tpyxi", „npBÓaBoqHaa i$h-
hoctb* h „HeonjaHeHHaa toctb pafoiaro xhb" ocHOBaHH Ha co-
$H8MaxB, wreuEsmmjuTb oónpfi npaHijHiiiajBHBift BonpocL o&b ot-
Homemaxi ne»xy RanBTajiOMx h TpyxoMB. IIjaTa sa Tpyx* nosero
Óhtb cai&mKOWb HH3KOK), h BecB xoroBopi o Hafiirh patioqaro mo-
ffierL hochtb Ha ce64 xapaKxepx oxHOCTopoHHefi BKcnjiyaTaiÚH, ho
HHBaBoro npHÓaBOHHaro Tpyxa, CBepxi ycaoBJíeHHaro, He TpeóyeTca
h He nošen Tpe6oBaTBca otl patioiaro, nona otioroxHoe conrame-
Hie (xoTfl 6u toulko $opMajBHoe co CTopoHH pa&raaro) ocTaerca
HeOÓXOAHMUMl 9JieMeHT01il Cfl^EH. ECJIH KanHTaJIHCTl) He HaHH-
MaerB, a noBynaen patfonyio cajiy, saBi 9to bhxoahtb ho MapRcy,
to eme MeHte jonraHO roBopBTB o npHCaBOiHOirB HeonjuaHeHHOirB
Tpyx*, h(5o BCfl TpyAOBaa choco6hoctb patioraro npHHaxJekHTB Torja
KanHTajiHCTy h oniaiHBaeTCB hwl no cymeerByiomefi u^ub pa&raeft
chjh; njiaia sa caMuft Tpyx* Torxa BooÓme He cymecTByera, h
cjrtAOBaiaiBHO hoibsb otx4jihtb onjaieHHyio qacTB paÓOTH otb He-
onjianeHHofi. Gaiix MapBCx mhmoxoxomi cosHaeTca, hto Tyn ecrs
Henocj^AOBaTeJibHOCTb, h hto HeomiaHeHHfiift Tpyx* aMaeTca tojbbo
„nonyjapHEjMi, BHpasefiieifB x-m np&6aBOHHaro xpyx* x ); ho h no-
HflTie o npHÓaBOTOOMx Tpyx* coBepmeHHO He BaseTca Cb npex-
CTaBjeHieirB o npoxaart pafoiefi chjh.
Mhcjtb o Bynjrib-npoxaasfc paóoneft chjh He tojbbo He o6aer-
?aen> TeopeTHvecBofi saxaro, CBusamoft cb BonpocoirB o i$hhocth,
ho bhochtb bx Herc HOByio nyraHHijy. Tpyx* He mrtero n^HHOCTa
h nbnu CyxTO 6u noToiiy, *to, HaoCopoTB, i$hhoctb HSM-fcpaeTca
TpyxoMi. JHm, onpexta&iacB 6u btb TasoirB oiywl itfiHHOcrB,
Hanp., xBŠHaxiíaTHHacoBoro paóonaro aha? — cnpamHBaero Mapsci. —
AB&HajmaTBK> iaeaMH paÓOTH, saKimaíoimiMHCfl fb jB^HaroaTH-
HacoBOirB paóoqera xh&, htó Óhjo (5u 6e8n,ÍJibHOH) TaBTOJioneío*
(crp, 555).
9rO"PB XOBOXl, 0H6BBXH0, HpeXCTaBJIflerB COtfOH) TOJBBRO OÓMaHHB*
ByK) Hrpy cjiobx. Ho co($CTBeHHOMy y^eHiio MapKca, i(6hhoctb onpe-
X&iBercfl ne tími, htó TOBapi werB noTpeÓHTe^ro, a tíitl, htí>
HeoCxo^HMO xib npoasBOACTBa hjh nparoTOBjeHia TOBapa; noBTOiiy
H.ÍHHOCTB xB^HaxAaTHqacoBoro patfonaro jm onpe^HeTca ne xb4-
Ha^aTBE) íacaMH paťkyru, nojyiaeMoft BanHTajiHCTOirB, a rtm bo-
jmecTBOKB Tpyxa, KOTopoe HysHO jwa xocraBJíeHta pa6oneify cpexcm
') Cm. t. I, CTp. 554.
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KAIIBTA.IHSMT*. 359
XHeBHoro cymecTBOBaHia. IIocirkAHee bomicctbo Tpy^a aojisho 6utb
HenpeM^HHO Meume ArfmaAijaTH wcobi paÓOTu, noTOMy hto npn
noMOu^H opyAifi h iianiHHi nponsBOAHTca bb Teneme Aaraaro cpoKa
" Heq^BHeHHO Óoabme itftHHOcrefi, rfun Óesi opy,a,ift h cpe^CTBi npo-
HSBO^CTBa, h 6jaro^apa 8TOMy oÓCTOfiTeJBCTBy, paCo^ifl OKynaen»
cbobo maty vb Óojrte BopoTBoe BpeMa, hímb npn caMoeroflTeJBHofi
patfori cb caMOA*JiBHHMH opyxiflMH. Tpy^i, HeoÓxoAHMHft am npo-
HSBOACTBa iran^H h Apyrnxx npeAMeTOBi noTpeójeBia pa6o?Hxi», h
ipy^t, HcnojHaeMufi paÓowiiH Ha $a6pHBÍi hjh saBOA* no Aoro-
Bopy cb BanHTajiHCTOifB, — 9to abí* coBepmeHHO paaaeHHua b&ih-
ihhu, BOTopuxi He crimyerB CMimHBaTfc. Do Teopia, paóoiift no-
jyqaero dBBHBaiieHTB CBoero pa6o?aro BpeMeHH kb sapaÓOTHoft
naari, o6e8neHHBaH>nte& coxpaHeme h noAAepataeie ero TpyxoBOfi
cnoco6eocTH; a to, ?t6 HSBJíeBaerB H3i Hero KanuTíUHcrL npa no*
Mom,u cbohx-l opyAift npoHBBOACTBa, HMÍert ctojib se najo cbhsh
cb ptiHOHHOK) itfbHHOCTBio TpyAa, Basi h bcjiríh Apyria BLirOAU,
H3BjeKaeMbia nosynaTejeMi hsb npiotfpfrreHHuxi TOBapoBi. JImruř
peajbHuň TpyAi paGoTHHBa, Cesi opy^iň h Mamám,, mosotb h aoji-
seKB, no Mapscy se, ijííhhtbc* ropasAO Hase npoAyBTOBB Tóro
se Tpyxa, oócraBJíeHHaro bcímh ycoBepmeHCTBOBaHiaiiH TexHHBH
(eanp,, TpyA*B py^Horo TBaia h MamHHHaro); nodTOMy buojlbů ecre-
cTBerao, ito ÓfriBmee KOjmqecTBO npocroft ?ejOBÍraecBOft paÓOTii
o6iiÍHHBaeTCfl Ha npoAyBTii MeHbmaro KOjmqeerBa TpyAa, AittCTByx)-
maro nps 6oi$e ÓjaronpiflTHHxi ycaOBiaxB.
„Ttrotfu Óhtb npoAaHHUMi Ha puhbí, Basi TOBapB, — roBopart
eme MapBCL, — TpyAi AOJseHi 6u bo bcaboicb ciyqai cymecTBO-
BaxB nepeA^ npoAasefi. Ho eciHÓu pafoTHHBB mofb AaTB TpyAy
caiiOCToaTCJbHoe cymecTBOBaHie, ohi npoAaBara 6u TOBapi>, a He
rpjKb* (crp. 556). Co^hsmt* nocrpoeHi Ha npeAnojoseHÍH, hto
npeAMeroirB npoAase mosotb (Jhtb tojbbo pe&iBHaa Bemb, hmího-
mfl& caiiocTOflTejiBHoe BHinmee cyntecTBOBame; ho bto BOspaseHie —
ecaH oho MOserB craiaibca B03pasemeMB, — OAHHaBOBO hphmíhbmo
h k*b patioqefi cmí, Koropaa TaBse He cymecTByero pea^bHO, bhí
pa6oTHHBa. Kasott se cuucwh niiierB nocjii dToro nonpaBBa, npeA-
^araeMaa MapscoMB? A^ie, MapBci noapoĎHO oape^aerb ctoh-
MOCTb pa6oqefi chjh, — ctohmoctb, BOTopyio AOJiseHB oiuaiHBaTb
BanniajiHcrB npn noKynsi BToro „TOBapa": ohb roBoparb 06% m-
xepsBaxi Ba ero npHroTOBJíeHie h oÓHOBjeHie, corjnacflo oĎih.hmx
npasHjaMi o npoesBOACTBi „BcaKHXB Apyrexi> TOBapOBB a n oco-
6eHeo iianiHHi x ). MesAy tímb onja^HBaTB sth aaTpa™ Ha npa-
*) TaMi «e, CTp. 155—157, 263-4 h ^p.
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360 BftOTHHKB BBPOHH.
roTORieme h óÓHOBJíeme paConeft cmh He npzxoAHTCfl BamiTajH-
erairB no to8 npocTofi npiraHHii, *rro ohh He noBynaiorB, a HaHH-
iiaioTB paÓOTHHBOBi, h aBTopB BunysAera TyTB se CBecTH sapa-
ÓOTHyio Mary kb i^hhocth cpeACTBi, HeoÓxoAHMwx-L &m coaep-
samfl paÓOHHxi cb hx* ceiíeftCTBaiiH, šasi bto AluiaerL PnsapAO,
KOTopuft hoa*b sapaóOTHOio njaTOH) pasyiiiierB i$Hy Tpy#a, a ne
pa&raeft cejui. B*l AajfBHfeftmeirB ESJíosedH MapBCB pascysAaeirB
HHor^a o npoAasi Tpyja, Basi TOBapa, saÓHBaa yae o sauftHfe
ero patfoieio chjok> *), h bca aia HeofoiRHOBeHHO BasHaa (5ywo 6a
nonpaBBa, BOTopaa, no ysipeHÍK) 3HrejiBca, „oxhhmk ygaporo pas-
piniHJia saTpyxHeHie, noryÓHBmee mKOjy PeRapAO*, yHHTroaaeTca
caMa coÓok).
IIpHft&raa bi hsbícthejmt, AOBOAaifB wa noATBepsAemu cBoeft
Teopin, MapscB jerao OTBasiiBaeTCfl ora hhx* hjh jase cam
onpoBepraen hxx no MEHOBamn kb hhx* HaAofaocra. TarcB, Me-
amy npo^HMX, bi nepBOira tomí „Kamaxaja" AORasuBaercfi HeBoe-
moshoctb am KanHTajBcra H8MeiB npeóujib hrb TOBapHaro o6pa-
mema Ha tom-b ocHOBama, *rro npu Bceotfmeft HaA6aBB& kb Tpyjo-
BOfi CTOHMOCTH TOBapOKB BaiIHTaiHCTH CTOJLKO &e TepiIJH ÓBI KB
qfeffb noBynaeMHXi> npoAyBTOBi, crojbbo BtrarpuBajiH 6u npn npo-
Aaacfc cbohx-b cotfcTBeHHHXT* TOBaporo; npn btowl noApasyiriroajiocB,
hto ^hhoctb nosynoBi $a6pHKaHTa Bcer.ua paBHaeTCH ^hhocth
ero npoAasi. Bo btopoitb toii* oÓMCHaercH y»e, qro <J)a(5pHBaHn>
HeH3(5teHO npoAaerB 6ojBme, híwl nosynaerB, h tto 6esi> otoí
pasHHi^ii bi i^hhocth nosynoro h iipojasB BanErara He Hcnoi-
HfliTB 6u BOBce CBoefi npoH8BOAHrejiBHO& $yHRipH (erp. 94 h Ap.)-
B*b btomi ciywb MapBCB, otobbaho, OTpeBaercH otb ojHoro hst*
cyn^eerBeHHiixi cbohtb apryiieHTOBi, Basi otb HeHyxHaro yse
co$H8Ma, cocjiyxHBraaro cboh) cjiysóy. OÓpadíHBOMi* cosHaTenHOfi
co$hcthbh nošen cjysHTB h pascys^eme o HeofonafiHoft BasHO-
cth má. (J>a6pHKaHTOBi yxJHHHeHifl paóo^aro aha, bi BH^y orpOM-
huxi yÓLiTKOB-B otb 6esA%ficTBÍfl Aoporo CToro^HTB ManiHHt Aase
bi TeneHie BopoTBaro BpeMeHH; Mapsci npeAnojiaraeii» sa*cb, vro
HenpeM-feHHO oahh h Tise paóo^ie aojshu npHBOAHT* MamaHu
b% ABnaseHÍe, npH neifB HairibpeHHO yifajHHBaerB o bosmoshocth
nocJi^AOBaTejiBHiixi cmíhx paÓo^Hx^, cb cospan^eHÍeirB npoAOJi&H-
TaiLHOCTH paÓOTBi ota*jibhhxi jhitb Aase AO měCTH HaCOKB BT, AeHB.
Ecjih npHHATB bo BHHMame 9Ty npocTyto bosmoshoctb cmíhu pa-
Coihxi, to BiiBOA^ o Hepa3puBH0& CBA3H BanHTajiHCTH^ecBaro npo-
') Cm., Hanp., t. II, cíp. 93.
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BÁHHTAJIH8KB, 361
BSBOACTBa ci HenoirfepHOK) saasAOio apatiaBoraaro Tpyxa, y6iftCTBeH-
Haro jm Tpyxflu^axcfl, OTna^aerB cara coóoio.
Ho taopia Mapaca, npHÓaBoraaa iyIhhoctb BupatfaTtiBaeTca jhihb
tok) nacTBH) BanHTaja, KOTopaa ynoTpe&nfleTC* Ha nosynsy jrhboS
pa&raeft cuh; noaTOMy h npHÓujL kb paauraraxt npeAnpiflTiaxx
AOJSHa cooTB^TCTBOBaTB BOJiraec?By HaeMHuxi paÓOHHXi h creneHH
hit, BBCiLiyaTaiÚH. tfóiťB Óojtrae TpeÓyerca patiowxi bi a&hhoS
oTpacjH npOHBBOxcTBa, h táwh MeHBme TparaTca Ha Maninou h Ha
čapne npoAyarH, Tbu% Biime pasir&pB nojyqaeMoft npeótua. Taxi
Rasi b«b AiftcTBHTejLHOCTH HHiero noAOÓearo h&to, a citopfce nu
BBjrat oCpaTHoe, to Mapaci npotiyero oCmchhtb uh ycrpaHim
opoTBBopiHie AByMa cnocoÓaMH: CHaiaaa ohb yTBep&AaerB, hto no-
Tepa on yMeHLmeeia načat paÓoHHxt ypaBHOB&nraBaeTca Boapo-
CTaHiein, HpOHSBQAHTeJIBHOCTH H HHTeH3HBHOCTH TpyAa HO BB6AeQÍH
namBffL, BCJÍ^CTBie nero npHÓaBO<raaa ijíhhoctb hb tojbbo ho
yMeHBmaeTCfl, ho xase yBaaHHHBaeTca; ojeaBO bto ofoacoeeie ffpH-
BO^HTB KB HeB08MOffiHHirB BUBOASITB, BtB pOA* TOrO, HTO npHĎUJB
itfuaro npe^upiará coajaeTca h&cbojbbhiih seHm,HHaMH h a&tbmh,
patfoTaion^HMH npe ManniHaxi, hih cosxaeTca Aase oahhmt* paóo-
toto, HaÓJioAaiomHM-B sa A^&CTBieirB MoryiqecTBeHHfiixi MexaHH?e-
ckbxt, ABEraTejieft. CcujRa Ha yAJHHHeme pafoiaro aba OBasusaeTC*
Tasase ĎesnojiesHOio, Bor» fjbxo HAerB o sairíbHfc agcatbob^ h co-
TeH*B paÓOTHHROBl JByMfl HJH TpeifH leJOB^BaMH, H81 BOTOpHXl
^HSHqecBH HejBsa BiisaTB ctoibbo npHÓaBoqaaro TpyAa, CBOJIBBO
HeoÓxoxHMO wa npaBjonoxoÓHaro ofoaceema dphÓejjh. Torxa Mapaca
npH&feraero bi ApyroMy npieMy, — octb He OTpHijaeTO, hto paBea-
ctbo npHÓMJiefl Bii pasHuxi npeAnpiflTiflxx HecoBirfccTHMO cb ero
Teopie», h Ohi xaero hohatb HHTaiejno, hto wa HecoBirfccTHMoerB
óyjieTB ycrpaHeHa AajbHÍfiniHMH paraacHeHifliiH, saKnoqaiom.HMHca
vb TpeTBeMi tom4 „KanBTajia". Ho bmícto o6imaHHaro pasiacHe-
hw, ^HraTeJHH) npe^araeTca, kb bohi$ bohijobi híhto coBepmeHHo
HeBipoaTHoe.
Uocmthbx ABa ofinrapHiixi TOMa noApoÓfffeflmeMy aHajiHsyHefoiBfr-
JurB saBOHOBi h ^opMyjii), Bacaion^HXCfl HSBJíe^eHifl npeĎaBO^Hoft n^H-
hocth H3i> HaeaiHoft paóo^efi cmh, MapBCB Bi) TpeTBeirB tomí aí-
jaero noBoporo bi Apyryio cropoHy; ohi BHHyaRAeHi npHSHaTB, hto
bc6 ero sasoHu h 4>opMyjiu npaMO npoTHBopiwrB A&fiCTBirrejiBHO-
cth h HHBaKx He MoryTB Óutb cb Heio conacoBaHu, — hto pasiťlpi
npHĎaBOHHOft ^HHOCTH BOBCe HO O^yCIOBJHBaeTCH BOIHHeCTBOlfB
HaeMHuxii paÓOHHX* h creneHBH) hx-b BBcnjiyaTai^iH bi otaíjbhhxx
npeAnpiflTÍaxi, h íto npeCaBO^Haa i^íhhoctb, b*b ^opM* npaňEJJiH,
nojiyqaeTCfl bt, oAHHaBOBofi irfepi co BcaBaro Boo6m,e hpoh3boah-
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362 BftOTHHKl EBPOIIU.
xejiBHaro RanaTajia, Aaqte npa otcpctbíh HaenHuxx pa&raaxi. Bmí-
cto npHÓaBO^Hoft ^hhocth, cooTErhTCTByiomeft BoifraecTBy AapoBoro
TpyAa, npHCBOHBaeiiaro RanaTajHCTOMi, Bucrynaera Ha cijeffy cpeA-
Hflfl Hopiia npaóujH, OAHHanoBaa a.m pa&iHiHuxi OTpacjeft npoHB-
BOACTBa B He MMÍBOmafl y»fe HBBaROft CM3H HB CB ROXHteCTBOMl
ynoTpeÓJiaeMHxt paÓoqaxB, hb cb creneHBio hxt> ORcnxyaTaiÚH 1 ).
I1,£hh TOBapoB^ onpeA&ifliOTca yse He BHyTpeHHero ijíhhoctbio,
H8MÍpaenoK) TpyAOMi, a ctohmoctbio ns^epsesi npOHSBOACTBa cb
npBCoexflHeHieMB cpexHeft npaÓHJiB. KasAHfi KanaiaJiBcrB sapaffbe
npHCoeAHBflerB cpeAHK)K> npaóujib r«b ptai HSAepseffB, h ycraBaB-
jiHBaeMaa TaRHMi otipasoiťB »il$Ha nponsBOACTBa" npBÓXHsaeTCfl
(kwrfce bab MeHie ri iv£bhoctb TOBapoKB. „H£aa npOHSBOACTBa, —
roBopBTL MapKCL, — saRJioiaerB kb ceťíí cpexHK)K> npaóujb. Mu
HasBaxH ee itfiHOK) npoasBOACTBa; bto <J>aRTBqecRH to se caMoe, ití>
Cmbtb HasBajrB ecrecTBeHHOH) itfbfloio, PflRapAO — ctohmoctbio hjh
HSAepsBaiiH npoasBOACTBa, $B8Í0RpaTti — HeotixoAHMOK) ivfcBOÉO, npa
newb hbrto bbi hbx* He o6xbchbji pasHaiju MesAy k$hok> npo-
H3BOACTBa H itflHHOCTBK), HÓO 8Ta pa3HBI*a COCTaBJfleTL nocroaHHoe
yciOBÍe npeAJoaesifl b BOcnpoHSBeAema TOBapoKB kb RasAOi hkb
ota^bhbxi OTpacjieft npoH8BOACTBa a *), MapscB ccujiaeTCfl yse
sx&CB Ha MajBTyca, ROToparo ohi> secroRO OTAiuHBaerB kb nep-
bom*b tomí. TaKHMB o6pa30MÍ, nocafe AOJraxi TeopeTHHecRBxi. 6jy-
SAaHift, MapRCB B03Bpam,aeTca Ha crapyio -ropHyio Aopory, npcao-
seHHyio „ByjBrapBUMB BROHOMHcraMH", h b* to se BpeMfl cb hojí-
hoh> yBipeHHOCTBio saaBJíaerB, hto 9tbmb OROHiaTejBHO pasiac-
HfleTCB b ynpo^HBaeTCfl BHyTpeHHifi cmhcjii ero aortphhei. Steaa-
HÍe BO HTO ÓU TO HH CTaJlO yBÍpBTB IHTaTeJB, TO ^ aBTHHecBOe
orpeneHie on aortpbhu ecrB kb cymeocTB ea noATBepsAeme, sa-
nyTíJBaeTB apryiieHTaquo ao toto, hto OHa craHOBHTCfl coBepmeHHO
HenOHBTHOH).
IIpBAepsBBaiíCB CBoeft o6bihho& cacreMu, MapRCB b kb TperBewB
tom* omtb noBTopaerB npesmB nojiosema o npaÓaBoqBoft i$h-
hocth, nepejaraeTB bxt» kb ajre6paH?ecRifl $opMy.ra h AiJaerB cb
hhhb pa3Htifl npHMipHua BiiRJiaARH s ), — OAfffc h t4 se onepaiun h
onpeA&ieHifl, CBOAflin.iacfl tocto kb npocroft TaBTOJoria, Bocnpons-
BOABTCH 6yRBaJBHO AeCflTRH paB-B. OÓCyAHBl CB paBJBHHUXl CTO-
poHi BonpocB o saBBCBiiocTB npBÓsMB oitb pasMipa 3aTparB Ha sa*
«) T. m, í. I, exp. 10 h cj4*., 182 h *p.
') TaMX xo, CTp. 178 h ^p.
8 ) JiDÓoiiHTHHe npHMipa TaKoro 6e3uijtHaro noBTopeHifl asÓyioHxi pascneroBi,
OÓJieqeHHUXT. Bl HaT6MaTHieCKÍJI <J>OpMH, HOXHO HaftTH Ba CTp. 25 (Vb KOHIffe), 26,
27 a *p., bt> 1-oft ^. IlI-ro Tona.
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BAnHTA.103MX. 363
paĎOTHyio njaiy, MapRCB noBBABMOMy ocraeTca noorfcAOBaTejiBHHiffc
KB CBOHXB BHBOflaXt. MlI nORa8aJTH, — rOBOpHTL OH*B, — HTO Bl pa8-
hhx% OTpacjflxi npoMumjeHHOCTB, cooTBfrrcTBeHHo paaiBHHOMy op-
raHHiecKOMy coeraBy RaiurrajOBi (t.-c cooTBfrrcTBeHHO OTHOcaiejb-
Hofl BeJHHBH* Tofi tocth RanHT&ia, ROTopaa ynoTpefaaeTca Ha
Haem» patfonexi), h CMOTpa no npoAOJSiiTeiiBHOCTH ofopoTa bthxi
EaaHTaJOB^, rocnoACTByiora pa3JH<iHEia eopMu npeÓBue, h hto
TOJbso am mnHTajioBi OAHnaROBaro opraHHqecsaro cocraBa, npK
OAHHaKOBOft Hopirb npBÓaBoqHofi it&hhocth h npe paBHEixi cpoRaxi
ofopora, A*BcrByerB (no CBoeft o6m,efi TeHjeHijiH) saROKB, hto npa-
6ujh nponopaioHajbHti pasftrfcpain, RamraajiOBi h hto paBHue no
BeJHHHH* KanHTaJILI AaiOTB KB paBHUe CpOBB OAHHaBOBUfl CyMMBI
npHÓtuw. HuoseHHoe aiáierb CHJiy npn npeAnoaoatemH, hto to*
Bapu npoAaroTca no CBoefl i#hhocth. Ob Apyroft eropoHu He hoa-
JieSVTB HHKaROMy COMH$HÍK), HTO Vb A*ftCTBHTeJIBHOCTH, HeaaBHCBMO
orb cjyqafiHuxi, HesHaiHTejBHturB h BtipaBHBBaiom.Bxcfl ocotieHHO-
CTefi, He cymecTByen, h He Morjio 6u cymecrBOBaTb pasjwrie cpeA«r
HerB Hopira npBÓbuia wl pasHiixi OTpacsaxi npoMumjeHHOCTH,
T&vb Bani Tona ynpasAHHJiacB 6u Bca CHcreiía KanaTajiacTaiecRaro
npoHSBOACTBa. KaseTca noBTOiiy, hto Teopia ^hhocth HecoBM^CTHiia
SXkCb CT> AÍfiCTBBTeJIbHUMT* XOAOM*B Bem,efi, HeCOBMÍCTHMa ct> <J>aK-
TBHeCKBMB flBJ6HÍaMH HpOH8BOACTBa, H 1TO, CJI^AOBaTeilbHO, HdAO OT"
RadaTBca ott» MAercAH hohbtb dm aBjema 41 . Ecjib6ej RansTaji,
AecflTaa AOJia Boroparo pacxoAyeTca Ha sapa6oTHyio n^axy, A&Bajrc
TaRyK) se npaÓaBOHHyio i^Ihhoctb bjib npefojB, RaRi a KanaTajrb,
saTpaiBBaeMbifi dohtb iv&jbkomt, na paGoqaxi, to „Óhjio 6h arao,
KaKx a6hb, — saMinaerb MapRCB, — hto npetfaBOHHaa itfraHOCTB h
Booón^e nÍBBOCTb Aomaa hmíjtb cobcíutb Apyrofi hctohhhri, tImi
TpyA*B, h íto dTHiii yerpaHaeTca BcaRaa pan,ioHajibBaa ocHOBa no-
JBTHqeCBOfi BBOHOMÍh" 1 ). 9tO 8HaWTB, HTO AJIB nOJHTH^eCROfi 9R0-
homíh híti> cnacenia Bfffe Teopia MapRca: ccm Teopia ero Heco-
croflTejibBa, to HHRaRaa BOo6m,e Teopia HeMucjiHMa, a HaAO OTRa-
saTBGa otb nontiTRH noHaTB dROHOMH^ecRia aBJíema. A TaRi RaR^
Hejrbda MHpaTBca Cb OTcyrcTBieirB pan,ioHajibHo8 HayRH, to no ho-»
BOjrfe HyaRHO 6paTB ee bí tom-b bha*, b% rrroitb npejuiaraerb ee
MapRCb, h6o Apyroft HayRH hítb h 6htb He Mošen, no Kaiero-
peqecROMy yAOCTOBipeBiio aBTopa. DpaBAa, h ao Raara o „Kana-
Tsurb" rocnoACTBOBajio MesAy BROHOMHCTaMH y^enie o TpyA*, RaR*B
O&b HCTOHHBR* n.tBHOCTB, H OHO MOSeTB OCTaTBCa BT, CHJl4 H UOCJTfe
Toro, RaRi ÓyAerb OTBepmyia AOKTpaaa MapRca; ai^AOBaTejiBHO,
>) TaM*«e, crp. 127 h 131—2.
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364 BfcCTHHRfc EBPOnBI.
OTRaSl OTB 9T0ÍI AORTpHHH B0BC6 He paBHOCHJeHl OTpe?eflÍK> OTb
TpyAOBoft Teopia ivbHaocTa, ROTopoft Aep&aJHCB n Citaro h Ph-
Bapxo. PaitioH&ibHafl ocHOBa nojiHTHqecRoft bkohomíb a&he 6uia
Tanse paHie no&BjeHia Mapaca, h noTOMy hítb noBOAa AyMara,
^to oea AOJatea pasA^UHiB cyABÓy ero caeijiajiBHUX* TeopeTBTO-
cshxb BsrjuxoBi a beiboaobi. OTO&ecTBjaa CBoe yieme cb pasyM-
hok) nojiHTHHecROio BKOHOMÍeK) BOo6m,e, MapscB RaKx 6yxT0 chh-
MaerL ci ceťfo oTB&TCTBeHBOcra sa HecoBMicTHMOCTb %CBoeS Teopia
cb $aRiaMB; mao Tasí hjh BHa?e noAoraaTB $aRTu hoa* ero Teo-
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h oÓBapysBBaeTCfl bi HecorjacnifoirB npoTaBopiqia ea cb aBJíe-
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HHTaTeJifl. MapRCi npeAnowTaeirB npaMO nepefira Kb crapuMi hc-
nuTaHHUMT. TOHRam spárna h pasotfpaTb peajiBHue aieMeHTii i$h-
hocth h npHÓujH, He BxaBaacB vb TyMaHHua OTBjeneHHOCTH; ohi»
oópamaerca ri BBAepsRairB npoH8BOACTBa> wso6u noA* hx* npa-
RpUTÍeMl HBÓaBHTBCfl OTB HepaBeHCTBl npH0aBO<IHOfi n^HHOCTH.
„IJíhli HBAepaeRi,— roBopHTi obtb, — pAHHaROBii aul npoAyRTOBx
pasjíHHHuxi oTpaciefi npoHSBOACTBa, bi rotophxx pacxoAyioTca Ra-
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ctobhhuitb. ToBapi, au npoHSBOAeTBa ROToparo BspacxoAOBaHa
aaBtcTHaa cyMMa, o6xoabtca RanirrajiHCTy OAHHaROBO bt, 9Ty cyMMy,
BBAepzsaHO jih MHoro Ha paCoiaxi hjib M&ao. U,teti TOBapoBx,
onpeA&ifleMUB BSAepxRaifH (Kostpreise), OAHHa&OBH ma paBHtixfc
pacxoAHiixi RansTaJOBi bt, pa&BHiHEUťB OTpaoiaxi npon&BOACTBa,
saKt 6u pa3AH?Hii hh 6ujiH npoHSBOAHMBifl i^íhhocth h npa6aB0?~
Hus i^&hhocth. 3to paBeHCTBO pacxoAHuxi nfrwb cocraBjaerB ocHOBy
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ycraHaBJHBaeTCfl cpeAaaa Hopiia npnÓujiH* (cTp. 132). YcTaHOBje-
Hie cpeAHett Hopmi npHÓuja am pas^HHHiixi npeAiipifliift npa
.KpaĚHeMi pasHOOÓpasiH KOjaqecTBt npaÓaBoqHOfi ^HHOCTa, HBBJíe-
aaeMiixi ota&ibhbimh npeAnpHHHMaTeJHMH, AOCTHraeTCH } ci^AOBa-
TejiBHO, rbwby hto npa6aB0^Haa uíhhoctb BOBce He npaHHMaeTCfl vb
pa3cqeTB, a ts$bu ycTaHaBMBaiOTca cooÓpasHO HSAepsRaMi npoas-
BOACTBa, nyieifB ROHRyppeHuia, rrri y^ajia PaRapAO h MajiLiycB.
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jieHia npeAdaBJíeHu HaBtiBoporB. KanKrajiHeTu, no ero otOBaMi,
AOĎHBaiOTB npa6aBoqHyH> ^hhoctb He wa cetfa b-b ota^bhocth 9 a
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KADHTAJIHBMT.. 365
jm Bceft coBOBynHOCTH HacTHuxx KanHTaaottb, m& Bcero RaniiTa-
iHcnraecKaro oÓmecTBa, soropoe oópasyero mrt* <5li aKn,ioeepHyfo
KOMnaBiřo; KaxAuft ynacTHHKB nojyiaerB cboh) ^ojiio npHÓHiH, b-b
BHjt AHBHAeH^a, H8i oómeft Máčen npH6aBO?HnrL irfbHHOCTeft, co-
pasMipHO BQxmiAT& CBoero RanHTajia. OrA*kiBHHe $a6pHKaHTH u
3aBOATOBH Moryra BupaCaTUBaTB mhoh) npsÓaBOHHOft itfiHHOciH, xpy-
rie — Májo, vb saBHCBMOCTH otl BomecTBa ynoTpeÓJifleMuxx paóo-
qnxx h creneHH hx* 9KCiuyaTaipH; ho ohh ho fiepyn CBoeft ao-
6ihh npsMO ceói bi BapiiaHt, a jrkiarB ee MesAy cotfoio no cnpa-
BeAJHBOCTH, vrotiij bcíitb AOCT&iacB paBHafl npeÓmiB, cb npiicoe-
XHHeHieifB enje mara sa phckb u sa ocoÓeui sacsyra bi ota*jb-
hux-b cjyram». Úpa hsbícthuxt. pasirtpaxi japoBoň npH(5aBO<!HOft
q&HHOcra, 6ox6e cqacTJHBtie KanHTajracTu hmíiotb bosmojkboctb
ycrynaTb qacrB cbohx-b (fapumefi KOHKyppeHTaMi h nocropoHHiiMi
npe^npHHHMaTeJiaMi, am tok), hto6h HHBOMy ho Óhjio o6hah, h
TaBHlTB Cn0C0601TB OCyiqeCTBJIfl6TCH npH($JIH8BT6JIBH0e paBeHCTBO npH-
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MUmjeHHOCTH. — MapBCB rOBOpOTB 06*b BTOlfB cb cepBesH^fimHifB
BHA01TB, 6681 BOI&HXB npeABapBTOJBHHX^ OÓT>flCHeHÍ8 MH OrOBO"
powB, totoo a$JK> haotb o cymecrByromaxB ^aBTaxs; obtb npocro
cuaAfiiBaeTB Birtcrt lacraue Ranniaju, noMtmeHHue b-b pasHuxi
npoMHffljieHHHxi xhjiaxby h pascMaTpraaerB hxi, Rasi oahh* 06-
mift BanHTaxB, saitafB (tepero cyMMy npeAaojaraeiiraB npeCaBOH-
hhxi n^HHoereft am onpejkieHia cpe^eeft HopMii npHÓHM, a*-
jiaerB oóuirae npHMipHue pasece™, cb TatfjiniRaMii h t. n. *).
„H^eu, oÓpaayeMua tími, ito cpejHift bhbo^b hsi paaiHHHux^
Hopm> npHÓiuB bi pasHEixi oxpacjiflxi npoHSBOACTBa npHÓaB.ifleTca
kb qtaawB H8AepseiPB pasjmqHHXT* OTpaoieft npoMiinuieHHOCTH, —
noacHfleTL MapKCB,— cyTt u$hu npoHSBOACTBeBHua. Offfc upejno-
jaraiorL cymecrBOBame oahoS o(5me& Hopira npHÓtuiH, ROTopaa bi
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hux-b OTpacjiflxt npoHSBOACTBa yse CBe^eBti kb TaBOMy se nncay
epeAHBXi HopifB npeótura. 3tb ota^bhub Hopiiu npHÓuja aojishu
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>) OtMÍTHITL OXHJ CTpaBHOCTL Bl 9THZI pa8CHeTai*B H TaÓiH^saxi. Ecjih CTOH-
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xUcTBKTenHOora— oeoio 150%), tb se 22% oocrauBeti pasinma uemiy 56 h 77,
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ba& pa8HHi;a (b% xaHHOiťb ciy^a* 22) iiexxy bashuh yroxHo HHCjaMH CTOTaeica npo-
qeBTHHMi BupaxeHieir& dToft pasanipi. 9to zapaRTepasyerb tb MBHMo-naTeiiaTHiecKie
npieMH, KOTopne npoH8Bown> Tasoe minoHHpyDmee BneiaurtHie Ha iraorHxi HHTaTe-
xeft „KanHTaaa a .
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366 tiftCTHHKb EBPOIIH.
Bceotfmaa HopMa npHÓiMH ocTaeica (JescoAepataTejiBHiWB h 6es-
CMHcaeHHUMx npeACTaaieHieMi. DpoHSBOACTBeHHaa i$Ha TOBaposx
paBHfleTCfl, cjrib^OBaTeatHO, ujbwh m> HSAepaseBi cb npHÓaBiieHieirB
cpe^Heft npnĎHJiH... KanHTUBi paBHoft BejHHHHu npHBOAflro b*b abh-
seme Becbica paaaHiHM načetí TpyAa, CMOTpa no TOMy, kb sasofi
irfcpfc ohh yaoTpe6jflK)Tca Ha nosynsy pationeft chjih; ohh npacBOH-
BaiorB nosTOMy BecBiia pasJíniHua BOJH^ecTBa npntfaBOHHaro Tpyja
h npoBBBOAflTB BecBMa paamnHua KOJianecTBa npaĎaBOHHoft i$h-
hocth. CooTBtTCTBeHHO dTOMy, rocnoACTByiomie Bfc paaiHHHuxi. OT-
pa&iflxi npoHSBOACTBa pa3MÍpn npefiujis nepBOHaiajiBHO (?) BecBMa
pa&sHiHU. 3th pa8HOo6pasHiifl Hopnu npHÓuju BiipaBHHBaiOTca ny-
Teiix BOHByppeHAÍH h npeBpamaiOTca bx oómyio HopMy npeGura,
cocraBJflson^yH) cpeAHifi bbiboas hsi bcíxt* sthxi paaiHiHuxi Hopra
npBÓujia, e t. a- TaRHMi oÓpasoirB BanHTaaHCTH npa npoA&afffe
cbohx*b TOBapora Bupyqaior& He Ty npróaBOiHyK) iv&hhocte> hjh
npHÓujB, KOTopaa npoHSBOAHTca m> nxt coťkrrBeHHoft c$ep£ npe
npOHSBOACTB^ BTBXl TOBapOBfc, HO OTHIb CTOJIBRO npfltiaBOqHOfi IjfcH-
HOCTH H npHĎBUIH, CBOJBBO npHHHTaeTCfi Ha BaSAyK) AOJLÍO otfme-
CTBeHHaro Banuxaja cb coBOBynHOft npaóaBOiHOft i^&hhocth hjh cb
cOBOKynHofi npHÓujH, BHpatfaTHBaeMOft coBOBynHUKB samiTaioirB
o6mecTBa bi onpeA^eHHuft npoMesyroBi BpeMeHH bo bcíx-b oTpa-
ciaxi npOHSBOACTBa, npn paBHOirB pacnpeA^JiemH. Bcabíř nspaexo-
AOBaBHQfi Ha npoHSBOACTBO BanHTajrb, crojibbo 6h obtb hh ynoTpeó-
jiflirB paóoiaxx, nsMesaerB sa roA*B mh sa Apyroft npoMesyroBfe
BpeiieHH Tasyio npn&jjB co cra, BaBaa npaxoAHTca no pascieTy
Ha AaHHyro aojk) coBORynHaro KanHTaja. Pa&raqHHe KararajHCTH
nocrynatórB 3a$cb, no OTHomemio b*b npHÓujH, saB*B npocrue asijio-
Hepii asi^ioHepHofi BOMnaHÍH, rA* ynacrie m> npuÓuásiYb pacnpe-
A&MeTCa paBHOMÍpHO, H rA* AHBHAeHAH OTAiuiBHHXl BaHHTaiHCTOBX
pasjíe^aiOTCfl no bcjihhhhí sanaTaja, noMimeHHaro EasAHMi vl
o6m,eMi» npeAnpiflTÍH, no OTHOCBTejBHOiiy yiacriio naas^aro bx otoitb
o6nteirB npeAnpiflTÍH, no incjiy ero asi^ift... CjiiAOBaTeJiBHO, BorAa
BanHTíUHCTB npoAaen CBOfi TOBapi no ijfcfffc ero npOHSBOACTBa, ohx
nojiynaerB o6paTHO neuhni cooTBiTCTBeeHO BeJinqeHi nspacxoAOBaH-
Haro hm-b vb npoHBBOACTB 1 ! BanHTaja h HSBjreBaera npHÓiiJB npo-
nopAÍOHajíBHo ynoTpeÓJieHHOMy sanHTaiy, Basi ^acTHOfi jsfljA cobo*
BynHaro oÓnteciBeHHaro sanHTajia. Ero npoBSBOACTBeHHua nimi hjih
HSAepsBH CBOficrBeHHEi cnei^iasBHO ero TOBapy; npnÓaBBa BidTinrB
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ero OTA&BHO& OTpacJia npoBSBOACTBa h cocTaBjaerL jhotb npocTOft
cpeAHifi npoi^eeT-L cb saipa^eHHaro BanHTaia tf . Ilpn a&hhoŠ CTe-
neHH BBcnjyaTaipH paóonnxi „bojhtcctbo npH(5aBoraoft i^hhocth,
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BAaHTAJH8irB. 367
npOH3BOAHMOe B*B BaBOft-HHÓyXB OTXfUBHOft OTpaCIH npOH3BOACTBa,
Basaie AMa coBOBynHOft cpejHefi npHfiujn oÓmecTBeHHaro Rana-
nua, T.-e. am uacca KanBTajBcroBB Booóme, témi. HenocpeACTBeHHO
Xju saiurraiHCTa vb BasAoft OTAÍuiBHoft OTpaciB npoHSBOAcra; xjm
Hero, itanHTaiHCTa, bto Hir&eTB 3Ha?eme jramB HacmiBBO, hbcbojbbo
npossBexeHHoe kb ero npoMiinueHHOft oójaera bojhioctbo npiróa-
Bcmofi ijíhboctb yTOCTByerB wl onpeAtaemn cpeAHeft npHÓuja. Ho
ero npoijeccB, npoBCxoAamift sa ero chhhoio, soroparo oei He bh-
Abtb, ne aoHBiiaeTB, h BOTOpufi kb caiioirB xb& ero He HHTepe-
cyerL* . Ecjra BammuiHCTU uono^yrB o&b yBejnraeHÍH opnCaBO^HOft
i^bhoctb cbohxi TOBapoBx, to csopfte am hojbsu jpyrrcB, Tfeifi
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bba* npoi^eHTa cb saTpaneHHaro xanHTajia, cooTB*TCTBeeHO cpeAHeft
Hoptrb o<5mecTBeHeofi npeÓujiH.
Pojb KOHKyppeHaiH kb 9T0MB ypaBHemH npBÓtuiefi H8o6pasaeTCfl
MapKcoifB BpafiHe HeonpejvkieHBO, no ma&aoHy „ByjbrapHuxB bbo-
hombctobi": j>a6onie nepexoAOTB bs* oaho& OTpacjra npoBSBOACTBa
bb xpyryio, BammuH Tose nepeirtmaroTCi Tyxa, vxh npoHSBOAHTca
6ojBme npnÓBuiH, h TaBHifB ofipasoMi BupaBHBBaroTca aoxoau cb
npoiiunijeBHLixt BanBT&iOBx. ^pjtbmh cioBaMH, BOHByppeHipji yHinrro-
zaerB paaiHiia npHÓaBO^BHXB n^HHOCTefi, npeBpamaa nocjrítaHiH
bb paBHOiitpBufi npoDieHTB cb sanama; ho Torxa Bce hscjt&ao-
Bame o HopMaxx npatfaBOiHoft ^hhoctb rfuiaeTCfl (SesnpeAMeTHtiMB.
Ecjb npBÓHJb eerB tojibbo $opiia MH Bupameaie npHÓaBO<raofi
itfjHHOCTB, H8BJeBaeMOB HBfc HaeMHUXX pa604HXB, TO HepaBeHCTBO
npHÓujeft HHsaBi He MOffierb ycTpaHUTBca nyreirB ROBítyppeHijiB,
noBa cymecrByeTB h jrkflcTByerb npfliHHa BToro HepaBeHCTBa —
pasHootipasie bt> BOJia^ecrBt HaeiiHuxi patfoiaxi h hxb npHÓaBOH-
Báro ipyxa bt» pasHuxi npeAnpiariflxi; eoiH se npBÓtiJB BupaBHH-
Ba»TCfl, HeciiOTpa Ha pasHOOÓpasie BoxfliecTBB npn6aBO?Haro TpyAa
i npH6aBO?HO& aíhhoctb, to cji*AyeTB aasjíoTBTb, hto pasMŠpti opa-
Óbjh onpeAfciflK>TC* ho tímh yciOBiaMH, Boropua ysasaHn Maps-
coiťB. HeoAHHaBOBaa HBCjeHHOCTb patioiaxi bb pasHuxT, oipaciaxi
npoMiimxeHHOCTH aaBBCHTB otb xapaBTepa caMLix^ npeAnpiflTift h
noTOMy ne Moaterb 6htb ypaBHBBaena KOBKyppeHn,ieK); crbAOBa-
TeibBO, BOHByppeHi^ifl He BJiiaerB h ho Moasen bjiíbtb Ha HepaBen-
ctbo npatiuxefi, npoHCXOAflmee otl paaHOOťípasia bb KOJHnecTBi
pafioHBXi. h vb nace* bxb npHČaBOHHaro Tpy^a. Orroro MapBCB
Tasí rjyxo roBopHTB o a^&ctbíh BOHsyppeHi^ÍH bi a^bhomi cjiywl,
orpaHHUBUCB JBmb oÓnprifH CJOBaMB h HaueBaMH; ohb He mopb
He BBA^Tb, hto ccujBa Ha ypaBBBBaiomee A^BcTBie dioro 4>aRTopa
hhcbojbbo He noMoraerB pa8MCHeHÍH) Bonpoca, no^eify HepaBHus
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368 BfcOTHHKX KBPOUtí.
Maccu npH6asoHHaro Tpyaa h npHÓaBOHHOfi itfbHHoéra npeBpamaHm,
vb paBHua Hopiiu npa6ujiH. IIpBTOirB 9Ta cciuiBa Ha BOHKyppeaijiK),
otobhaho, HecoBMicTHMa cb npHMTHMi paHsme npexnojoseHÍeiiii,
hto bc* HacTHtie npoMiímjeHHue BanHT&iti xlftcTByiorB couftapHO,
otfpasya oabhi otfmecTBeHHufi KanHTajix e pacnperfuraa Me«Ay.co-
6oh) npeÓtuB kb bbaí XHBB#eHAa.
MapKC% BnpoHem TorcacB se ÓpocaerB meicjb o KOHRyppeHn,ÍH
n odatl BOBBpantaeTCfl bt> ranoTesi coBOBynearo o6mecTBeBHaro
KanaTaJia, Btjpa6aTHBaK>maro cpejmiOK) npBÓsMB wa bc£xi> yqacTHH-
eobi. 3RcnjryaTai^ifl patfoiaxi otaIuibhumh BanBxajtHcraMH sairfi*
Hflercfl aKcnjyaTaijieio Bcero paťkmro uacca coBOBynHuirB oóme-
CTBeHHUlfB BaUBTaJIOMl HJH I^BIMl BJaCCOlfB BaHBiaJIHCTOBX, TaB*B
1TO pa&IElHHfl HOpMU npHÓaBCTCHOfi itflHHOCTH BX paSHHXT. OTpa-
CAUTb npoBBBOACTBa ycryiuwrB mícto cpe^Hefi npMÓtiJH, cocraBJuiK)-
meft H8B*CTHHft npon,eHTL cb saTpaqeHHaro Kamna-ia. „RaneTa-
ahctb, BOTopuft bt> CBoeft OTpacjiH npoB3BOACTBa BOBce He ynoTpeÓ-
juutb Óu pa6o?Hxi>, óhjb 6u Tam se tohho saHHTepecoBaHi b*b
9BCiLiyaTan l ÍH pa&mro uacca BanHiaioirB h bi Tasoft se MÍpi
BBBJíeRajťB 6bi cbok) npHĎujB B3t HeomiaHeHHoft npHÓaBO*raoa pa-
60TH, BaBl H BanBiaiflCTB, BOTOpilft BeCB CBOfi BanBTarB Tparajix 6u
Ha 8apa6oTHyio naaTy". SkraBi, roBopaTca Aaj&e, „mu HMÍeMi, sa£cb
MaTeMaTHqecKH TO<raoe AoaasaTejiBCTBO, OTiero BanaiaJuiCTH, xota
h othocatcb apyi-B b*b apyry bi CBoeft KOHKyppemjiH BaBi josroe
ÓpaTBA, o6pa3yH3Ti oxHaBO HacToamjft MacoHCBifi cok>si> no otho-
mernio b*b coBOKynHOCTH paÓoqaro Bjacca". B*b ochobí btoě o6m-
hoctb HHTepecoBi jiesHTB npexcraBJíeHie, hto „Baiurrara Basjoft
OTpacjH npOBBBOACTBa hmíbotl npaBO yqacrBOBaTB, nponopn,ioHajBHo
CBOHlfB paBMŠpaifB, FB COBOByHHOft IIpHÓaBOlHOfi itflHHOCTH, BHSa*
toS H3i paóoHHix coBOBynHHirB 0<5mecTBeHHiiM& BanarajfOMi, uh
hto Bas^Bift OTx^BHufi BamrrajcB .nojisem 6htb pascMaTpHBaeMt
tojbbo saBB nacTB coBOBynHaro BanHTua, BasxHft KanaTajieert —
tojBBO Basi aBi^ioHepi wb coBOBynHOifB npexnpiflTÍB, yqacTByBomift
b-l oómeft npBtfiuB copaairhpeo BeJHHHH* CBoeft aojh BanBTaia a l ).
HawBi cb aHajnisa tocthhxi ^opiro coa^aHia npaÓaBOHHOtt
i^hhoctb, MapBCB jfflmexb ao smoffiVL, onpoBepraeMuxx a^ctbh-
TejbHOCTBio Ha sasAOifB máry; ohx oÓxojhtb BCTpfeqeHHHfl npe-
nflTCTBifl tími», tto craBBrB o6m,ecTBeHHua poplili B8aM^H!B *acr-
Huxi», coBOBynHuft oÓmecTBeHHufi sanaiajirB Ha mícto conepHHiaio-
h^bxi ota^jbhuxi BanBT&2iOBi 9 h paBHtifi xb&eT&b o6m,eft npEtimra —
Ha mícto Ao6uBaHÍa paajiHHHuxi, BOJiBHecTBi npHÓaBOHHaro Tpy.ua
l ) Tán* se, crp. 186—190.
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BABBTAJBSlfB. 369
h npatiaBcraaci i^hhocth. HdďlAOBaaie aieMeHTOffL ijíhhocth h
npi&uii aojsho Óhjo ycraHOBHTB saKoeu BKcnjyaTaitfB Tpyja
sanBT&ioiTB; ho oto B8CJ&AOBaaie, BeAeaaoe a priori, npoBejo jkb
eecoriacHMUMt apoTABoptaúnii, B8i> BOTopiixi hítx joraqecRaro
BHiOAa, Toru Mapsct boaxoabtl kb npeAMery cb xpyroro KOHn,a
i BHCRaraBaera oónjee, hhk«£mt> ae ocnapHBaeMoe aojoseaie, hto
Kanrrajracra BBcajyaTapyOTB paóoúft uaccB a aojBsywTca ero
Tpy^OMi a** CBoeřo oforaateaifl; bmíct* cb tíitb obi noATBeps-
juien tj crapyio BCTBay, *to paBaoiišpBOCTB npnÓiMeft AOcriraeTca
nyreiťB soaByppeaiuJi. ÚepBoe nojio&eaie ae BUTesaerB bsi aaa-
jisa, a npeAmecTBOBajio eMy, Kára (X5meB3BÍcTBaji ascioMa, hobto-
paenaji bcžmh BKOBOMBCTaMB, kb toiíi» ?bcj£ b 6ypsya8HUMB; bto-
poe noaoseaie, B&paoe caito no ce6i, HecoBM-fccniMO cb pesyjrara-
Tami aHaxasa. Tperifi bhxoai — npeanojoseflie o ApysejnoÓHOMT*
paBBOMftpHOMi pacnpej&ieBifl npoMunuieBHuxx aoxoaobx Me»Ay
sanBTajiBCTaifB, aesaBBCBiio otb pasM^poBi npB6aBO?aoi ijíhhoctb,
HSBjeBaeMOi aasAUHB kb otaíubboctb, — npBBaAJe&BTB y»e ki>
o&iacTB ^aerasia h npaafliiaeTCJi tojibro b*b bhaí Rpafiaeft icbpu,
3& BeB08MOSBOCTBH) flafiTB APyryH), ÓOJike BpaBAOBOAOÓHyK) EOIIÓB-
Baquo, Koropaa crasaja 6u kobiju cb robila kb sanyiaHHoft
AOKrpBHŠ MapBca.
Bb „Kammuri" B&aaraiOTca bt> cymBOCTB ab* bjib Tpn Teopia
qbmocTB b npaÓujH, HCEJH)qaioiii,ia cetfa BsaaMHO b tíitb ne Meaie
BUAaBaeMiiB Basi 6u aa OABy. MiaoBaa ^bhoctb ecn>, BO-aepBuxi,
i$hboctb Bootfme, onpeAfcraeifaH BOJBiecrBOirB BoiuomeHBoft qe.io-
BrfeqecKofi paÓOTH, — bo-btopux^, i^HHOCTb npoB8BOACTfieaaafl, aa-
&jimK>njaa b*b ce64 irfray Bs^epseKt, cb apBCoeABBeaieiťB cpeA-
Beft npflfoMB, — B Bl-TpeTBBXl, itfjHHOCTL ClrfmiaHHaa, COOTB^TCTByiD-
maa 8aTpaTairB TpyAa b Banaiajna. IJíuhoctb nepBaro poAa ÓepeTca
3& BexoAflyio Towy b aaajflSBpyeTCH cb Han6o.abmeK> otfcroflTejiB-
hoctbk); ho oaa ORaauBaeTca $hktbbhok), ae Bjiaen> hh aa peaiB-
bhj itfbau TOBapoBi>, bb aa AfefiCTBirrexBByK) apBÓiiJB BaaaTajiflčTa,
i flOTOMy ocraajaeTca wl cropoai, AJfl oabo& Teopia. D,£bboctb
BToporo poAa, saBecamaa otb ctobmoctb BSAepsesi, onpeA^aerL
HÍhh TOBapoBx; oaa 6uBaen> saaHBTejibBO aase bjib Btime nepBOfl,
ipyAOBoft, xotb, no yBipeeiio Mapnca, CTpeMBica cb nev> coBnacrB.
HasoaeiVB, fb ^hboctb TpeTBaro poAa npaHBMaeTCB b*b pasc^erB
to oÓcroBTeiBCTBO, hto 8aTpaTn BanBTasa aa Mamflau b npoAjBTii
oiynaiDTL ae Bce KOJianecTBO TpyAa, ynoipe&ieaBoe aa apoasBOA-
CTBO 9TBX!B MaaiBBl B npOAyBTOBl, fl HTO, CJÍAOBaTeJbBO, TpyAOBOft
aieMeBTB n,tflHOCTH ae iioserB (5htb bdojihí Biipasea^y ocjib pyso-
BOACTBOBaTBCfl TOJbKO BOJB^eCTBOMl SHBOfi ^ejiOB^qecBofi paÓoTu,
Tom* IV.-Idib, 1896. 24
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370 BfcCTHMB* EBPOIIU.
npHJioseHHofi Kb oópaÓOTKi cupuxi» npoAyRTOBi npn noMoma yco-
BepmeHCTBOBaHHíirL opyxift. TaBi bbkb Aefle&Haa ijÍHHOCTb cupui
h iiamEHi He Biipasaera coóoio TpyjOBofi hxt> ctohmocth, to wa
qacTb HsxepseBi npoasBOACTBa npBHHMaeTca Basi roTOBaa, si
BOTopofi npHCoexHHfleTOi JiHmb i^bhoctb, coBjaBaeMafl HaeramrL
TpyAOirB pa6oiHxx. Bx nocjrftafleirB CBoein* buboaí, Mapsc* oera-
HaBjíHBaeTOJ, TaBBin> otipasoira, Ha CMimaHHofi Teopia, ycBoeHHoft
BC&MB 8R0H0MHCTaMH H1EOJH PeBap*0. OHI rOBOpBTL H HOBTOpaeTb,
HTO npOHSBOACTBeHHM itflflflOCTb, T.*e D^HHOCTL B8AepXeB* HpOB8-
BOACTBa cb npHCoexHHeHieiTE cpe^Heň npetiujm, ecrb tojlko bbao-
H3«tHeHÍe i(6hhocth nepBaro po.ua, hto TpyjoBaa i^hhoctb nepe-
XOftATL Bl itflHHOCTb IipOHSBOACTBa H HaXOftHTl Wb Heft CBOe peaiBHOQ
Bupaaeflie h t. a.; ho btotb nepexo#b He toulko hhtIimt. He ofo-
acHfleTCfl, a ff&iaeTca MapBcorc xaae cjnamBOMi BHesanHO, h
P&sbo, 6e»E Majrfeftmeft dodutkh ysasaTb nocriw>BaT&ibflyB> iora-
qecKyio cbbsb Mesxy oro pascysAefiiBMB o rpy^OBOíl ijíhhocth h
ofo nsjepaBaxi npoflSBOftCTBa. íto sacaerca npaÓiuB, to bi nep-
Bofi Teopie OHa npexcraBJUieTi apaCaBOiHyro i^bhoctb, Bnpa6ara-
BaeMyK) npHtfaBOHHuifB Tpyxoirb HaeMHtixx pa6oHHxi, a bo Bropoft
Teopití, npoHSBOACTBeHHofi, OHa ecrb npocTO pa8HHn,a iieamy ctoh-
moctmo HSxepseBi h npoxaaBHOio ijíhoio TOBapa; bx nepBofi Teopia
paSMipa upHÓtuH BpafiHe pa&aaqHU h BBBaKb He Moryra 6htb
CBexeHď ki» BaKOfl-HBÓyAb cpe^Heft Hopirb, a bo BTopofi — npeótun
6ojie bab MeHie paBHOMipHu, cocTaBjaa asBicrBuft npon,eHTi
cb saTpaneHHaro RanHTaja. Bcfc ycarin npBitapBTb h o<fr>acHHTb
9tb pasflootipasHua nojosema npHBOAJm .aerob b*b HenoMtpeoMy
MHorocJOBiio, BOTopuirb ocofeHHO crpajaero He saBOH?eHHu& asro-
POITB TpeTÍtt TOU.
Ilocďh dToro pastiopa mh, BaseTCB, airieirb npaBO csasaTb,
hto Mapsci He BHeci, kb cymecTBOBaBmee yqeme o ijUhhocth hh-
nero Taaoro, ot5 mono 6u c?BTaTbCB cepbesHuirb BBJíaxoM* bt,
Haysy. BcbbíI}, bto xacra ce6t Tpyxi conoeraBBTb spaTBÚi h bchhb
yBa8aHÍB PeBapxo cb tfesBOHe<iHUMB pascysAemAMB a BoimeHTa-
pÍBMH Mapsca, AOjmewb y&bwjbca, hto noďbxHÍfi bo Bcem cyme-
CTBeHHOMi paÓCBB criwyerB yHHTeaio, xoTa oduKHOBenHO ynoMH-
HaeTL o uewb ne nea^e, Basi cbucobb, npflnflCHBaa eMy oiuhÓbb,
eenoHHiiaeie h t. n.; a to hoboo h caifOcroaTeAHoe, htď ohx
npHtíaBjaen, a pasBBBaera on ce6a, ho a^era Aaiie CesiuoAHoň
co^hcthkh. Orroro 8Ta toctb AOBTpaHH Mapsca OTBepraerca xase
SKOHOMHCTaMH, COHyBCTByB>O^HMB erO Oťiffl.BMT. HAetflfB, b npBHBMaercB
TOJbKO i*mb, Boropiie no He^opasyMimK) bbxbtb bx Hefi xa*BH$&-
mee JoraiecBoe pasBBTÍe b ycoBepmeHCTBOBame TeopiH PBitap^o.
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BAHHTAJHSITB. 371
lípo™** yieflia MapRca o d^hhocth BEicsaBUBaroTca jyqmie ana-
tokh npeAMeia, ipb aaaofi 6bi maojrfc ohh hh npeHa^esasH; Aocra-
tohho HasBaTB 8AÍCb IEe^je, Rapja RHBca, A^ojis^a Baraepa,
Beifb-BaBepBa. Ukif$jie hmo^htl, tto Teopia Mapaca crpajaerB
1&KHMH norpiniHOCTflMH, soTopHfl OTHHMaíOTB y Hea BCflKoe seaqeHie;
BdirL-BaBepai Btipasaerca ropasAO pfcaqe, noBTOpaa OTqacrn aoboau
KHica x ). RpBTUKa aoktphhh Mapaca joiro 6um cTicHero ose*
WHÍein BtixoAa TpeTBaro TOMa „Kanaiaja", h bto crfcceeHie nyB-
crByeTca bo MHornxx OTSUBan h pasóopaxi, no HeoÓxoAHMOcra
eenojiHLixx h aaa* (Su HeAOcaasaHnuxi. BasHua paraacHeHia a
AOnojHeHia, oÓimaHHua bb TpeTsejrB tomí, moiuh sHawTejBHo
noBjdaTB Ha otfnýft xapaaiepB Teopia, h ojHa bo3hoshoctb hx*
ocTaHaBJHBaja hjh aaTpyAHaja npOTHBHHHOBB. He Haxo Taase sa-
6uB&Tbj hto ropawa 8am,HTa HHTepecoBB Tpyja h pationaro uacca
jcsbtb, noBHAHMOMy, bx ochobí TeopeTHqecKHX^ bsívihaobb Mapaca,
a bto o6cTOflTejBCTBO notiysAaio MHoraxi cmotp&tb crbobb naJBipi
Ha joraqecaie HeAOCTaraH h HecooípaaHOCTH ero yqema.
Ha Teopia ijíhhocth h npafíujH noerpoeHO MapacoMX ,Hayq-
Hoe" pimeme coitfaiBHaro Bonpoca. BecB btotb cjosflHft BonpocB
ciaHOBHTca HeoforaaSHO hchuitb h npocTiiirB. KaneTaJB cosAaeTca
h BoscTaHOBJUfercfl ucBJíoqHTejbHO TpyAOHi HaeííHuxB paÓOHHXi;
') Schaffle, Kapitalismus and Socialismus. Tub., 1870, cíp. 46—52 h xp., Bóhm-
Bawerk, Qeschichte und Kritik der Kapitalzins-Theorieo. Innsbruck, 1884, CTp. 418—
447. jl,ase ctopobbeki b, moxbo caasaTfc, noaiOBBBBt Mapaca, zara yneuaro bzobo-
xacTa, ^oex-Byii, n BexaBBO BamejmeMT, cneujajtHom BsciixoBaaiE o Tpyxfe ■
Híhhocth, xoiseBi óhjtb corjacHTBca, hto ero Teopia „ho nošen óhtb npBsaaHa Bay*»
bod xoktphhod m vb Toul beaí, zazi osa flsjoseaa bi „Kanára!*", e wo OHa npez-
craBiaen OTíacTH „ueiipoaTHBft cyn(5ypi tf (cTp. 169—170); bmíctí ct rtm obi x*-
laerL ffSEOTopsa xfatHiia Boapaseoia upoTBBi eea no cymecny, Hanp. no boboiv sa-
míhh nonaiia o „aiflBOCTB Tpyxa" noBaiíeMi o uíbhocth pa6o?ea cejh (cíp. 68 — 72).
Leo ?on Buch, lnteneitat der Arbeit, Werth undPreis der Waaren. Leipzig, 1896;
io se coi. aa pyccsoirb asnii: Aewb Byxi, HflTeflCHBBom Tpyxa, ctoemocts, irbe-
HocTb h niea ToaapoBi. Cii6., 1896, CTp. 174 — 6 e 67—78. BnpoveMi, aBTopi bi caoeft
ipHTMJt* ae aacaeTca eia,e sroporo h TpeTbaro tomobi „KanBTaja". Aoboj&bo oócroa-
TejbHO pasoópaBa Taase xoiTpaHa Mapaca wb iHari noiožearo H. Xp. Byere, n Ovepsji
noiHTHBo-dBOBOMEvecKoft aBTepaTypH a , crp. 118—156, h wb hobomt» B8xaaÍE aypca
npo<t>. II. H. reopríeacaaro, „Hojeteh. aioBOitía", h. II, bhb. II, CTp. 14—87; Taní se,
biu. J, crp. II— IV, npímiH., o noioseBia Mapaca bt» eayifloft dKOHOMBiecBofi JBrepa-
Typ*. CysxeHia xbtxt» bociíxbbxi arropoBi aoryn, aaaaTbca Bsorxa cJBmaoMi oxbo-
cTopoHHHMB, bo Kb oÓDjeMi xiiacMaa bmb oaiflaa Teopia Mapaca bboibí oceoBa-
Tejtea. Bi esbíctbob tsBi-B Teopra Aiaepa, Die Grundlagen der Marx'8chen Kritik
der bestehenden Volkswirthschaft. Tabiogen, 1887, apBTBaa ocbobi paaÓapaeMaro
fieHlá (cTp. 81 — 167) ae OTjEiaeTca hh oco6eBHO» cbiod, hh bojbotod; aaaóojiie
BflrepecBH 6iorpa<(BHecaia h aBTepaTypaua csix^aia o Maptcfe (CTp. 169—290), a
raase 3air&Tafl 061 ero Bariaxaxi aa Bcropir, vb nepsoft navi.
24^ .
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372 b*othhkb ebpoiiíi.
hx*b se npeÓaBOTOuira, HeonjnraeHHHirB TpyjOMt BupaóaTUBaeTca
npHÓaBO^Haa d^hhoctb, ciysamaa eftHHCTBeHHuirB hctohhhrokb
npeAnpnHHMaTasECRofi npetiiuiH, npon,eHTa cb Ranirrajia h seifejiB-
Hofi peHTii. HEsasofi caiiocTOflTejiBHofi aojh ynacrifl bi othxi jo-
xoxaxi RanimurB He hhíote; oh* tojibro npHCBaHBaero cetffc npo-
jiyRTH nysofi paťJoTH. Bce CoraTCTBO oómecroa npoHBBOftHTCfl pa6o-
*mrB Rjraceom h aojurho no npaBy npeHa^esaTb eMy tfespas-
aíuibho. 9rohomhctbi TeoperaKH h npaRTHKH, HCRaBmie cnpaBexJRBOf
(j)opMyjiu pacupe^íJeHia aoxoaobi Meauy npeACTaBHrejflini Tpyaa h
RanHTaja, naxoAHJHCB Ha jojkhomx nyTe; paócrae hh cb r&mi ne
Aojurhh x&ihtbcji. Dohotho TenepB, noneify cjosHue bhxh Tpyaa
ocraBjíflHyrca tfesi BHHMaBia MapRCom: ohb Hapynnm 6h npocroTy
h schoctl coipajiLHOfi npo&ieMe. Ecjih npHHHMaTB vb paacqers
patary TezHHROBi, HHseHepoBi h pasHiixi y^emixi cnenjajiHCTOBt,
opraHBsaTopoBi h pyROBO^BTejreft npoMtinuieHHHrL npejnpiaTiB, to
HejBSfl roBopHTB ofa HCRjKHHTejBHOMi npaBÍ paťnmro luacca Ha
npoxyRTB oÓmecTBeHHaro Tpyja. IIpeACTaBHTejiH Biícmexi $opitB
Tpyxa bxoaatb yse fb cocraBi tfypsyaaÍB, h tíitb He Menta Óesfc
BTb HenocpeACTBeHHaro ynacriii HeMHCJiHMO cymecTBOBame h pas*
BHTie RaRofi <5h to hh 6axo OTpacjH RpynHaro iianiHHHaro npo-
HSBOACTBa. BuABHraa Ha nepBHfi iuaKB npocTOfi MycRyjBHufi Tpyji.
npn noMomn itfuaro paaa co^hsmobi h HejiOMOJBORi, aBTopx „Ka-
nHxajia* xyMaerB ycHMTB nojroseme Hocirrejiefi ororo Tpyaa, naeif-
hhx-b patioinxi, h pfeie ott&hhtb bx*b aeTaroHBSMX no OTHomemio
r*b 6ypsya8in. IIpaRTiraecRÚi cooÓpaseHia, He HMÍromia Hiraero
otfmaro hh cb KaKOio HayROH), rocnoACTByiorB Ha^B Teopieio MapRca
H OÓMCMttTB MHOrifl efl CTpaHHOCTH.
Goi^iajiBHBifi BonpocB, OAHaKO, HHRaRi He yRjaxBBaeTCfl kb
paMRH Bonpoca o i#hhocth TOBapora, n caiioe npexnojioseme ofc
otomi He CBHA^TejiBCTBOBajio 6u o muporó H cmíiocth mejcjih. MapRCt
CTRBHTB sahany ropasjo nrape h raytise; obpb cb Teopieio aíbhoctb
h npBÓojiH CMBHBaera cyflBÓy RamiTajnsMa, RaRi oco6ofi Hcropn-
necKofi (j)opMLi npoHBBOACTBa, pacupocTpaHflerB cboh coo6paseHÍ«
H BHBOJII Ha BCŽ OÓJiaCTH dROHOMH^eCROfi SH3HH HapO^OBl. K^
BTofi Teopin RanHTarasMa mli h nepefi^eMi kb cji^yiomeft ctotb^
JI. CjOHHMCKlft.
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BHPEEBAfl PE$OPMA
BX
TEPMAHIH.
B* Haqaai anpixa 1892 r. bt» a^ame Hunepcftaro 6aHBa bi Bep-
jhhí cotipaxacB bommhccía, HaaeaqeHHaa repiiaHCKHici npaBHTejBCTBoirB
Au H8CjrtAOBaflia yqpeajeHift, nopa^ROBT, h BxoynoTpeÓxemĚ Ha ÓHp-
san. 3axa?a kommhccíh, bohoiho, 6iua ho aKafteiuiiecsa*, a npas-
TH^ecKaa, h bt> nocTaBJíeHHiixx eft Bonpocaxi yae BaBjroiajracB Ha-
MesH Ha npexnojiaraeMUA propnu. Bapma HojHaia TpeBory. Bi ea
opraHaxt jeHb-aa-AHein, mosho 6hio iirraTb ropbKia sajoóii Ha He-
copaBejuiHBocTB, 8aRJH>?a»niyi)CJi y*e m> ochoto 4>aKTÍ H8c*&AOBaHÍfl
„xhhmwb" ajioynoTpetfjieHift. Taní šasi HaraaieHie HSCJiiaoBaHia npo-
3onuo vb nepiojt arpapeoft arHTaijiH, to bca aarfca npexcTaBjaxacB
yMy OHpseBHXi noc^THTejiefl npojyBTOitb . DHKepcaoft aiqHOCTH h co-
ipajuccnraecRoft HeHaBHCTH kt» sanHTajy. Bojrfee cnoaoftHtie npeacTaBH-
TeiH syneqecTBa, nosBOJUBmie ce64 BpHTHiecRÚi saiffriaHia o huhíhi-
Beft ÓHpaeBofi Mopara, noxBeprajHCB ocTpaBHBMy b*b coóeTBeHHoft cpeat.
Kasoe HeroxoBame oxBaTwo 6epjtHHCBy» Óapay, sorw hbi OT^eroBi
BasHa^eHHoft bommhccíh oÓHapysHxocB, ito npeachaaTeib ea co6ctb6h-
Hoft „xojueriH CTapnniHi*, Taftnufi BomtepiúH cobíithhrx $peHiiejiB,
BHCBaaajiCA wb nojtbsy híkotophxt, peýopra ÓHpaeBtix* nopajBOBi!
Ob Apyrofi ctopohu, b*b oómecTB-fc bobhhbjh osiuama paxusajiB-
hhxi H3ifbHeHÍŘ, qpe8n£pH0CTB aoTopuxt cpaay 6uja oieBHjtHa bca-
lOMy, 8Ha»iu,eMy, saBi MHoroiHCJieHHH hhth, CBa3UBa»mia ÓHp»y cb
nojiHTHqecKHirb h 9KOHOMHqecBHMi ycTpoftcTBOM^. OaHAaHia h noTOMy
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374 MCTHraPB EBPOira.
JS6 OHM HeOCHOBaTeJbHH, HTO Bii HHXt CBaSUBa^aCB AtftCTBHTeaBHO
rpy6aa omnÓKa, cMimeme npHHHH* h nocjrfcjCTBift. HaHBHiifi bbhihax
Ha ÓHpaty, Rasi Ha BepTeni saroBopn^HROB^, ct yHHiToaemeMi roto-
páro HacTynHTB raniHHa h nopaaoR-B, otohb pacnpocTpaHem* Bt Tep-
MaHin, ho xapaRTepHo, *ito ero iam;e moxho bctpíthtb cpe^H »HKe-
poBi h MejKaro iťfcmaHCTBa, ^*Mt Bt Maccaxx pa6owo Haceaema.
MaccH, co3HaTejiBHo hjih b*b cHuy npeBocxoxHofi ^HCn.HniHHU, npoHHR-
jihcb yókx&emewb, hto hphihhh BROHOMHqecRHXi Heasrojt, HepaBHo-
MipHocTH h HecnpaBeAJHBocTH Jiesarb b*b xapaKTept npoHSBoxcTBa, h
ito 6opB<Sa — tojbro BTopnqHoe ABJíeme hih HeoÓxoxHMHft npHaaTOR*
cymecTByiomaro nopaxRa.
CocTaBi romhhccíh, vb ROTopyro bxoahjih npeACTaBHTaiH napja-
MeHTa, npoMunuieHHocTH, ToproBjrn, cejBCRaro xoaaftcTBa, dphcth h
npo$eccopa nojiHTHiecKofi drohomíh, rapaHTHpoBaJit otb oahoctopoh-
Hjjro pimeHia B03JHo*eHHofi Ha Hee swaiH h Moři cayatHTB ÓHpafc
nopyRofi, ?to BiipaÓoTaHHUfl Mipti He sa^Hyra ochobhhxt. ycjiOBifi ea
cymecTBOBaHia. Borsenenquete-Commission paóoTaaa ycepjHo, no npH-
n4py aHrjrificRHxi napjiaMeHTCKHxt cjiíactbíř, h jonpocHJia Maccy aRcnep*
tob*b asi, bcíx-b cjioeffb <$Hp«eBoro RyneiecTBa, <$Hp«eBoft npeccH, HBfc
yHHBepcHTercRHxi h npoMunueHHHxi RpyroBi. OrpoMHue tomu ctoho-
rpa^HqecRHXi ot^otobi, vb cbash ob CTaTHCTHiecBHM-B MaTepiajioMi,
ofípafíoTaHHHMt npo<j>. IIlMOMepoMi, npe^CTaBJíarora Hanfioufce itfiHHoe,
^t5 jo chxi nopt noaBMJiocb vb iHTepaTyp* o MHoroo6pa3HHXi $op-
uaxi 6npaeB0Ř ToproBjra. Bi rohijí jeRaÓpa 1893 roja rommhccw
oÓHapo^oBajia cboA oněm BaHmepy, nocjyaHBmift ocHOBameirB *m
npaBHTejiBCTBeHHáro npoeRTa saROBa o ÓHpacfc, ROTopuft npejCTaBJíeHi*
Bi HUHŠmHDE) cecciD pefixcTary (Entwurf eines Borsengesetzes, )ř 14,
der Drucksachen des Reichstags. IV Session 1895—96). PeĚxcTarB nepo-
jato npoeKTi na o6cy«aeHÍe ocofíofi rommhccíh, nocBfiTHBmei exy 27
3aC%ABHÍfi H Cb CBOeft CTOpOHU npeftCTaBABinel 06CT0flTeJ[BHHĚ AORJMRB
OB MOTHBaMH. IloCJli npOAOJHKHTeJIBHHXTi, nOJiaCB CTpaCTHHXt np6HÍt ,
saROHonpoeRTB, cb hírotophmx o?6hb cymecTBeHHHMi AoÓaBjeHieiTB,
nojiy^HJix oAoópeHie nap^aveHTa, h bt» 6jinmeíf\mewb Óy^ymeM^, nocjt
3-ro iTeHta bi petxcTari h caHRi^in coD3Haro coB^Ta, CTaHen> x^fi-
CTByromHMl SaROHOMl.
TaRi RaRi ÓnpaeBajj peýopMa h y Haci Bt HacToamee Bpeva
ctohti Ha o^epe^H, a b* ÓHpaeBoft npaRTHR* mu tojibro HexaBHO nepe-
anjiH cTan,ÍH) rproH^epcTBa, saxBaTHBmaro, r*b cosaj[%HÍK>, mapoRie
cjioh HacejteHÍA, to ouuvb TepMaHiH zun Haci bo MHornxt OTHorae*
HÍííXI, M0S6TB 6HTB HOyqHTOJIBHUMl. S OTHH)^, BQpOieMl, He AyMaH>
HCiepnaTB Bce coaepaaBie ÓHpaeBofi pe<}>opMH, a xorfejii 6h octeho-
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XPOHHKA. — BHP»EBAfl PEfcOPMA. 375
bhtb BHHMaHie Ha wyxi-Tpexi naBHHXi Bonpocau. HaqHeMB ci <J>op-
MajsHuxi nocTaHOBseHifi npoeRTa. TterjuiKB Ha Óiipay, šasi Ha toct-
hhS codto, qjteHU aoroparo noxbsjwma nojHoft aBTOHOMiež h jraniB
HacroiBRo conpHsaeaDTCH c«b oÓmecTBeHoum, apasoirb, nacKOJibito 3a
rocyjíapcTBOMi Booóme apnaHaeTCA npaBo rohtpojm eslvb xMctbíhmh
qacrnux-B oóusfiCTVb. — Taaot mrjinw* cymecTByerB tojbro bi» Ahuiíh
h Coe#. HlTaTaxi). Bo bcíxb eBponeflcKHxt aaKOHo^aTeibCTBaxx, apoMfe
aHrjdicsaro, oTKpHTie 6np*H saBHCHTO hjih otb paspimeHia npaBH-
TejicTBa, um orb coriacia iricTHaro ynpaBjeaijj. Ilpn cboďoa* npo-
MumjeHHocTH otohb ecrecTBeHHo, oAHaao, sto BHyTpeHHift pacnopa jokb
6hp«h ao chxi. nopt upeaocTaaieH-B <5hjtb caMOMy ByneqecTBy; tím-b
H6 M6H&6 MU H B«B TepMaHiH BCTpiwaeMl HŽROTOpHJI TOpTU ajMHHH-
CTpaTHBHOŘ OH6RH H UWb BHyTpOHHHMH jrfjJMlMH ÓHpSH, Hanp., 6HpS6-
boí Mawepii xom h usÓHpaeTca ÓHpateBUMi romhtotomi, ho yTBep»-
AaeTca npaBHTejiBCTBOMB. Bo vjislbí* 6hpsh ctohtb romhtotb, ROTopuft
vb Bepmwb HMenyeTCJi „ROAieriefi cTapmHH-B 11 . Owb hkb CBoež cpexu
BHÓHpaeTB „ROMMHCcapiaTi", kb ROTopoMy npHC06AHH*DTCfl eme qjieHH
hs% He-CTapnrHHX. KoMMHCcapu cvb&arb sa nopaflKďB Ha ĎHptó, ycxa-
HaBjHBaDTTb, bmíctí cb MaRiepoM*, o<j4Hn4aiBHLie Rypcu, jtjiaDT'*
npeACTaBJíeHLi o HyaaaxB h nojBsaxi, 3&aB.aeHHiixB hm-b npeacTaBHTe-
jamh. Kb nocfemeHiK) óapatH bt* ran6yprb jonycaaDTca piniHTejiBHo
bcí aceja»mie, 6ess orpaHHteHii. Bb BepauHi TpeÓyeTCJi BXojHHft
Ghaotb, ROTopHt BujaeTca cTapmHHaMH; ecjiH jumo, »ejia»mee noci-
maTB 6epjiHHCRyi) ÓHpay, ho npHHaweaHTB kb MtcTnoMy RyneiecTBy,
oho AOJUHo npe^cTaBHTB peROMOHxai^iiD otb Tpexx UOC&THTeJieft ĎHpjRH.
He xonycRaKWca Ha ÓHpay Majojrfrrme, aceHn^HH, JiHineHHue rpaatAae-
crhx*b npaat, ocysAOHHue sa mocthob ĎaHRpoTCTBO h Haxowmieca
UOJVb KOHKypCOMB. BHpSeBUBTB ROMHTOTaMT* DpeiOCTaBJíeHU ^Hd^HHJIH'
HapHHfl npaBa: ohh MoryrB fliaaTB saMtqaHia h yjiajuiTB hb*b Óhpjrh,
cpoROMi on 3 jHeft &o 1 ro^a. HaROHei^i, &&a pa3pimeHÍa cnopoBi
6apsH pacnojutraioTB cbohmh TpeTeScRHMH cy^aMH h ap6HTpa«HUMH
KOMMHCCLaMH.
Kasajioct 6u, q»ro npn TaKHXi idhpokhxb noanoMoqiaxt ĎpraHOBi
éspaceBoro caMoynpaBjeeifl na 6np»i — bco xojisho 611 6htb ihcto.
Kor^a wh kommhccíh, pascMaTpHBaBinež ĎupaceBue nop^^Ru, uoj^arb
óburh BonpocB o6t» „o^hctrí 14 6Hpsi, HtKOTopue XBaJHTejiH cymecTByio-
m;aro A^ĚCTBHTejiBHo Haxo^HJiH, q»ro HHKaKHXB MÍpt ne HysHO, TaR^
saB*B óapatH caMH ce6a hectatb. IIpejťB ROHMHCciefl BUCKaaaHo 6hjio,
oAHaao, eme Óozhme sjux-b hcthh*b, pHcyromHXB SnpseBue HpaBU bb
HenpHKpameHHOMB bha*. Koiry ne^ocTyneH orpoMHue h Aoporie tomu
CTeHorpa<{>H?ecKaro OTieTa, tot-b mosot^ HaíTH JiBQÓonHTHyiD KaweKniK)
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'376 BftCTHHKB EBPOHH.
noBa3aHÍft o ÓHpseaoft MopaJiH b% KHarfc, HajaHHoft rpaffxwt ApHmoifb 1 ).
HHTepecHte Bcero cysjíeHÚi n$b spyra KyneiecTBa h ÓHpaeBoft npeccii.
IIpH Aonpoc* dKcnepTa RaHTopoBHia Óhjtb ynoMaHyrs noc&THTejb ÓHpsH,
xbneL BOToparo, xora h npcmBiTaKvrb, ho noÓy»jaDTi» óojrhe nopfljoi-
hmxt, noctTHTeaeft *ep»aTbca vb CTopoH* on BToro rocnojraa. Ecjh
noB6A6Hie 4)hpmh h JHHHOCTB ea BJiaximiia BHymaOTb oTBpameme toct-
HuiťB jjdwitb, to mhí Kasajiocb, ito 6hjio 6u nocjiíOBaTejibHte hcuk>-
hhtb ee H3t ÓHpaiK? — HeAoyirbBaerb npeAci^aTeJb. — Ilpomy HSBHHe-
nia,— Bospaauterb dscnepro: — b4» sto cyĎieBTHBHaa oirfiHBa. Apyro©
jťhxo, ecjiH njyroBCTBO CTaHOBHTca nydxHiHinrb, Hanp., ecjnt sxaxft-
aei^b 4>bpmu 3a cbob npoAiuntH nonajaerb wl cxHpHTejn»HHft jom*.
OqeBHAHo, oj^HaKO, iro npocro MomeHHHiecTBO, easasyeMoe oóíjeho-
B0HHOft TttpBMOft, BT> yKOpi H6 CTaBHTCA. „Mu Vb CBOOliy npHCBOp6Í»
BCTptTHJiH cpeAH nocÍTHT6Jieft rocnoAHHa, TOiBKO-qTo BHnymeHHaro
H8% tdpbmh, h HHiero npoTHBi Hero H6 MoriH catiaTb, — saxyéTCfl
3Kcnepn> CajioMOHt, h co bbaoxoitb AotiaBMera: — nocimeme 6ep*HH-
CKoft ÓHpsH ho npHHaAJiesHrb vb iHcay npiflTHUxi. BaHATiĚl..-- -DpaBjía
jra,— cnpamHBaen npeacfcaaTeab, — wo BpynHHe óaHBHpti caira ho no-
cin^aKKTb ÓHpxH? — ^a, — oTBiiaera dscneprb, — bi nocaijHee Bpeiui
ohh Bce píate caMH noABMiDTC*.
Bt, rommhccíh, K&vb h b% MTepaTyp* no ÓHpateBOMy Bonpocy, roto-
paa yae mosotb HanojiHHTL ij&ayi) ÓHÓaioTeRy, BHCRasaHO 61110 mh4-
Hie, ito aja BoacTaHOBjeHia penyTan;ÍH ÓHpatH HeotfxoAHMo npHÓtrHyTb
B«b nOAHflTÍK) H6 CTOAbBO HpaBCTBOHHOft, CBOJbBO 9R0H0MH16CB0& RBaiH-
4>Hsai^iH ĎHpaeBHXi nociTHTejiefl. IIpo<í>. DlMOJuepi npewo»Hjrb ao-
nycTHTb Ha 6np»y TOJibso jno^eft, ROTopue caMH Moryrb upexcTaBHTb
sajioPb bi, 5.000 MapoK*B, hjh sa BOTopux* nopywTC* Ha Tasyi) se
cyMMy. ^pyrie H^yra Aajbme niifojuiepa h npeACTaBJWDra ce64 03*o-
poBJíeHie ÓupatH tojibko npn o6pasoBaHÍH saspHToft KanHTajiHCTHqecKoi
Kopnopan;ÍH ToproBKOBi* Ha 6flpaii}, či orpaHH?6HHUMi íhcjiomi qjne-
HOBt. O^Haso hh npaBHTejibCTBo bt, CBoeiíT* nepBOHaqajbHoirb npoesTi 9
hh pefixcTan ne CTajrn na 3Ty TO^tKy spioia, a orpaHHiHJHCb mo-
paJibHUMH h nojiHn;eicKHMH MtpaMH npe^yopea^eHia h npectqema.
ycjOBÍA AonymeHifl Ha Ónpay aojischh óhtí> o6o3HaqeHH vb ĎHpseBOHi
ycTaB*, BOTopuĚ HyacxaeTCA Bt yTBepsA6HÍH wicTHaro npaBHTejbCTBa.
Mothbu HCKJDqeeia H3i 6hp»h, o6o3HaieHHíie vb caMOHi aaKOfffc, He-
cyn^ecTBeHHO oMH^aiDTca orb AiftcTByromaro Tenepb nopawa Ha 6ep-
jiHHjCKoft 6npat. 3a to sasoHonpoeRTb bboahtl hobuo opraHU Haójuo-
^ema sa 6np»eft ct aobojbho idhpokhmh ^yHBi^iHMH. Tajt,owb vb 6np-
4 ) iBt die Bóree reformbedúrftig? Aeusserungen aus den Protokollen der B5rsen-
enquete etc. Berlin, Schuhr. 1896. 192 CTp. Hyano oxHaKO aaiiiTeTB, m> rp. Apeim*
B»5paii am> oneTa toibio Bce, htó csasaHO 6suo npoTHw. óipsi.
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XPOHBKA. ~ BBPSEBAH PE40PMA. 37 7
meBUifB KOMHTeTOMi* othuh* 6jjifiVb HaxoABTBCA npasumeAhcmeenHHu
KQHAMCCaph, 0&I8aHHOCTB BOTOparO CJlijUTb 8a TOIHHITB HCBOJEHeHÍeiťB
saxona, HaÓJiiDAaTB sa nopajBOMt Ha ÓHpai, oópamara BHHMaHte crap-
fflHHt ÓHpau ea aairk^eHHua hm*b axoynoTpeÓxeHÍJi h cooómaTb o cbo-
hx* HaÓiDxeHiaxi npaBHTejibCTBy. Tasí Basi m$ctho6 npaBHTexBCTBO
ABiBerca Bucmeň HHcraHijieft npn oÓsaJiOBaHÍH jificTBift ónpaeBoro
ynpaBjeHiji, npaBHTOJBCTBo se bm^otb cbohm* npeACTaBHTejieMi kom-
mecapa, to nociijHift ýasTB^ecxH abuotca BHcmeft HHcraHiueS no
OTHomemK) b*b ÓHpseBony bombt6T7 b e*Ba jih óyaera npexcraBJflTB
co6o» tojibbo BOMHqecByro 4>Hrypy, xaxt ysipajH CHaqaaa hpotbbhhbh
perjumeHTaijiH, ccujaacB Ha ney^aiHaft obhi-b b-b btomt. oTHomemn
n Abctpíh. Pojb npaBHTejLCTBeHHaro KOMMHCcapa HeMajioBasHa h
m cydr* necmu, — Toace hobhhb*, bboahmoA aaKOHonpoeKTOMi. y?pe»-
xesieiTB cy*a iocth npoeBTB HaA&eTCA ycipaeHTb hsx óupra HeonpaT*
huo 3JieMeHTU, AHCBpeAHŤHpyDn^ie ee vb rxasaxi o6n*ecTBa. Cjxb — bh-
6opHiift; BHÓapaerL cyjeft caio óupateBoe syneiecrBo. Oh«b npHBje-
KaOTB Vb OTBÍTCTBeBHOCTH ĎHpseBHXfe nOCÍTHT6Jiefi 9 8aHO,ft03p&HHHXl
bt> coBepmeHÍH nocTynsoB-B, „HecoBiiicTHMHXi cb qecTbK) hjih Kyne^e-
tJOUtb AOBtpÍeMl» a t BO TOJIBBO 6C1H HOCTyiIBH COCTOHXH Vb CBH8H CB ff&B-
TejLHocTbK) o^BBHHemixi Ha 6npaA. QpaBBTejiBCTBeHHOMy BOHMHccapy
npejocTaBJíeHo npaBo BoaĎyajaTb npecrfejoBame npe#B cyjoirB iecTH,
yqacTBOBaTb bi ero aac&AaHiaxx, jonpaniHBaTb CBHxfrrexefi h SRcnep-
Toro. Tojbro cb corjiaciA KOMMHccapa para Hawroe cjrt*crBÍe uo*erb
6htb npespameHo. 3atfuiaHÍH cyja iocth ee ny6iH?HH, ho b*b hcbjid-
HHTejiBHHxi ciyqfuix* cavB cy*i Moater-B nocraHOBHTB, hto6u j4jo
paaÓHpaJiocb nacHO, no Tpe6oBaHÍ» se noAcyxHMaro 3actaame dojuteno
6t*mb nyÓXHHHO. Cy#B necra mosotb onyĎJHKOBaTb ptmeme vb moth-
BaMH, h to?ho Tasae dToro MoaerB noTpeóoBaTb onpaBxaHHUĚ nojcy-
AHiiuft. HaBa8aHÍH coctohtb hsi BuroBopa, BpeMeHHaro h uocToaHearo
HCBiDieBÍH H8% óupatH. IIpoTBBx pimeHia cyaa ^onycsaercH anejUHiúa
vl „aneJMAn;ioHByK> BaMepy", cocToamyi) bb^ npeAct^TejiH no HasHa-
HeHÍD cyxa h mecTH sachAaTe^eft, mvb BOTopnxi TOJbKO aboo Moryrb
npHHaweaaTb k*b HJneHaMi. ÓnpsH. Tasí Basi vb saBOH^ He otioaHa-
neno f saBie nocrynBfl H*yra b-b paapisi cb KyneqecKofi hoctbi), to
nocTaHOBJ6HÍH o cy^4 ?ecrH bctp*thjih ctpbcthhh BospaseHifl co CTO-
poBH q^eHOBi 6hp»h, yB*pai)níHX«B, óy*To oTBpuBaDTCH ABepn npo-
H3Boiy. 9to e^Ba jih cnpaBewBBo yae uoTony, ito cyx^ — TOBapHme-
CKifi, h cjHniKOMt cTpornxi 9THqecKHX , B TpeÓoBamŘ on ÓnpseBHXi
cy^eft HeiB3H o»hwtb. RoHeiHo, Tpy^Ho cb ^pyrofl CToponu AyvaTB,
hto6u crojb cjiaÓHHH cpejCTBaMH MoatHO 6btjio hoxbhtb h ÓHpaceByK)
8THKT.
Rb BaqecTBi npeACTaBHTejiBHaro yqpesAeHi* w bcíxi. repnaH-
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378 MCTHHK& BBPOHH.
cbhxi 6hp»b h coBimaTejbHaro npn codshomx cobítí, saROHOupoesro
BBOAHTb ÓHpaCeBOft BOMHTeTB, KOTOpUÍ Wb OTJUHÍe OTb MÍCTHíJXT* KO-
mhtotobi MoatHo HasBETb BHcmež BOMHHCciefl. 9to TaK*B HaBHB. Borsen-
ausschuss h»b 30 ijchobt,, noJOBHHa BOTopuxi Ha3Ha?aercji um bh-
6ophhxi fiepseBoro KyneiecTBa, Apyraa se nojioBHHa hvb npexcTaBH-
Tejeň npoMHnweHHocTH h ce-ibCBaro xoMftcTBa. HjieHU Bdrsenaasschuss
HaaHaqanTCJi Ha 5 xbrb h npHBjeBattTC* npaBHTejibCTBom xx> coBima-
HiflMt no Bonpocairb, KacaDm,HMca 6hpsh. Ob CBoeft CTopoHU btoto
Bucmift KOMHTerB no finpaeBHMt jtfuara Bt npaBi jtfuaTb caMOcroa-,
TejbHUfl npewoaeHia HMnepcKOMy xaHiyiepy h jonpaniHBaTb CBtayiHHXx
jiDAeft.
He craHeMi jaibine nepeqncjUTB bc* 4>opMaJbHua TpeóOBaoia ho-
Baro saROHonpoeKTa h nepefi^eMt npaxo si tím-b ero nociaHOBJíeHiwB,
KOTopfcia saiuiD^aDTi wb ceót BTopseHie bo BHyTpeHHifl rfixa, BtÓHp-
seBOfi očoporL. XapaKTepHiftmee cboSctbo otoS tocth npoeBTa — CTpev-
jeme orpaAHTb HHTepecH qacTHoň nyÓMBH h ycTpaHHTb djeMenra Hrpu
H3t ÓHpSOBOft TOprOBJIH.
II.
3eaqeHÍe ÓepJiHHCKoí 6hp»h, saBi ijeHTpaabHaro puHBa bmhccíoh-
hhxx onepaitfft, bi nocjnijBie ro^u ohohb dohhshjiocl, ho tíitb hb
HOH^e h wh nopy CBoero yna^Ra, .BepjiHHi" noMimaen* cpew hí-
MeUKHXT) peHTB COTHH MHJMÍOHOBX BKSOTHieCKHXl H eBponefiCEHXfc 6y-
xarb 9 aKuift h oóaurauifi, safiMOBi rocyjapcTBeHHHxt, BOMMyHaabnuxTb
h ^acTBuxi* opejrapifiTift. Bt» BTofi oójiacTH Hanóojite oTieTMBo o6p»-
coBaJiHCb HpaBU KpynHaro ( $HHaHCOBaro Mipa. B-b cosHamH CBoero Be-
jthiúi h ycjiyrb, oBasaHHiixi hhh rocyjapcTBeHHOMy spejiny, Bjieftx-
peiepii h raH86HaHU hb ycTynaDTB npyccBOMy $eo,najibHOMy jBopae-
cTBy: oahh yBiparorb, *to BcerAa Rjajra rojoBU, Apyrie, qro He aa-
jíjh KanHTaja xah Bopoja h oTeiecTBa. H uoaoÓho TOHy, BaB*B npej-
CTaBHTeJH npaBHTejbCToa bt> arpapHux-b jeóaTaxt ho aaóUBajp c*ih-
TaTbca ci» TpaAHKÍoHHiiMH 3acjiyraMH DHBepeTBa, npyccsií mhhhctpt,
ToproBJíH He ynycBaerB hsi BH^y, hto bt> ifbpaxi, npewaraeMHxt
OpOTHBl BUnyCBOBl COMHHTeJbHblXl HHOCTpaHHUXl. BafiMOBl, 8aBJID-
qaeTCjj HesacjiyseHHoe HOAOBtpie kt> naTpioTHSMy haute finance.
Ha nepBufi B3rjijJAX apryiieHTaiiia npaBHTeibCTBa h hpothbhhkob^
cepbeaHoft pe<{)opuu oqeHb coJHAHa. Rasi bi caticTBeHHoft ÓHpseBoft bom-
hhccíh, Tasí h bt, kommhccíh peftxcTara oTMfeqeHT. Ďuji-bTOTb 5escnop-
HLift (j)aBTb, qTo TbicífqH MejiKHXfc peHTbe, qHHOBHHKOBi, Min^affb, Aaate
npHCJiyrH noTepa^H mhjijíobií cbohx^ c6epexeHÍft Ha nopTyrajibCBHXi,
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XP0HHKA. — BHPJREBAfl PEfcOPMA. 379
apreETTHHCKHX-B, rpeiecRHXt n t. n. aafiiiaxt, BunynieHHUxt Bt řep-
HEBÍH CHHJHKaTaMH ÓaBKOB* H H3B*CTHHXt ÓaHRHpOBt. E0H6?B0, BTO
oíeBi. neqajbno,— 0TB*bia»n> npaBBTejiBCTBeHHue soMMHCcapu h samHT-
HHRH 6aHKHpOITI>, — BO OTt OIHHÓOKt H HecqacTHHXt cjyqa*H0CTe& HHKTO
se rapaHTHpoBant. 3aiinn> ysaauBaDTb tojbro Ha MpaiHHfl ctopohu
iflocTpaBHuxi ranycROBt h HrHopHpyDTb cbítihb? repMáHCKie peHTbe
BaxHjra Ha BHroAHHXt aa&Máxt, Bt oco66hhocth Ha rocyjapcTBeHHiixt
satiiaxt CoexHHeHHHXi IRraTOBt, ropasio 6oiBme, Y&Mt noTepjuiH Ha
apreHTHHCKHXx hxh rpeiecKHXt óyMaraxt. IIo npHfijrasHTejBHOMy paa-
c*rery, HacejieHie repifamH esero^HO cóeperaert okojo MtuMapda Ma-
pou, Mesjty rkvb RaRt mh noMtmeBia cóepeateaift Bt BipHuxt BHy-
TpeBHHXi saftvaxt: rocyxapcTBOHHHxt, ROMMyHajbHiixt, HnoreqHHxt,
MOxen» 6iiTB ynoTpeÓJieHo He (fojitme noiymuMiapja Bt rojt. Tep-
MaHcxift xanHTajt bcji^ctbío btofo BLinyaAeHi, Hexan, noutmema aa
rpaHHueft 1 ). Ct toirh apiHÍB HaijioHaXBHaro ójrarococToama, a Bt
VaCTBOCTH XJUI C0XpaH6HÍJI npOlHOCTH BaJHDTH, TaROO DOCJlÍACTBÍe BBCBMa
aeiaTejuLBo, noTOMy hto BTHMt oóeaneqHBaeTCB npHJHBt Ďojitraoro ro-
JnqecTBa soiora Bt CTpaay.
OropoHHHRH Óoifee cepBesHuxt rapaHTifi nps BunycKi HHocTpaH-
Biíxt saftMOBt B08pa3HJH, vro npewaraeiiHJi hmb Mipu othdab He
HanpaBJíenu nporHBt noMimenia repMaHCRaro RanHTajia Bt HHocTpau-
HHxt aaftiiaxt. Obh ho OTpmaDTt BHroAHHXt nocjrfc£CTBift no^oóBaro
ynoTpeÓjeBia cóepesemft, xoTa, npaBja, npasHTejiBCTBovt h aanurrHH-
MMH dtf HCCÍOHepOKB BHrOAH HpejCTaBJíeHH Bt CJHfflROMt BpROMl CBÍT*.
TaBt, nanp., BosBumeme Kypca aiiepHBaHCRHxt h jpynixt rocyjjap-
cTBeHHiixt óyMan, ofoacHaeTca npeaje Bcero otínumt noHH»eHÍeMt
npoueHTa Ha RanHTait; b&ab Bt 1870 r. h 5°/o aaeiit ciBepo-repiiaH-
csaro coD8a BunymeBt 6wn> no Kypcy 88 8a 100, Tor^a BaRt Tenept
xypct 5-TH-npoi^eHTHaro rocyaapcTBeHHaro safiiia, ecanÓH ROHBepcia
ero óbijia HCRjDieHa, AOCTurajn* 6u 150. He Hajo, laaie, saóti-
mt, wo Aase cojiHAHue HHocTpaaHue safiMti tocto Bejtyrt kt>
BHTftCH6HÍD COÓCTBeHHUX^ rOCyAapCTBeHHUX^B OíSaBaTeibCTBi , KaKT)
sto xosHo 6ujo bh^ítb b*b nocjitAHee BpeMa: Roria Ha ÓepjiHHCRofi
Ógpai BuaycRajCB hobuř RHTaficRiA aaeMx, 6oJii>niia cyMHu repMaH-
crhxx h npyccRHXi ROHCOJiefi yxo^HJiH bt» JIohaohi. Hto RacaeTca yKa-
saHia Ha nepioAHqecRift npHjHB-L aojioTa Bt CTpaay wb bha4 npon,eH-
tobt> no RynoHaiťB HHocTpaHHiixt HeTajuiHqecRHXt oÓasaTejitCTBt, to
oho Tepaen* CBoe SHaneHie Bt BH^y Tóro, ^to eAHHOBpekeHHo aca cyuMa
inocTpaHHaro AOJira, noM^n^eHHaro Bt repMaaiH, yxo^HTt H3t CTpaHU
8a rpaHHuy. Hé oTpui^aji, oAaaKO, ?to BBeaeme HHocTpaHHUxt 6yMart,
l ) Bericht der IX Kommission (des Reichstages), Stúck 246, CTp. 16.
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380 nCTHHBI BBPOHH.
xoporao oóesneqeHHHXt h AocTynHHxt pearasaijiH bo BpexeHa bphsh-
cobi hjih boShi, ct ToiBH 3p*BÍH FÍíMeijBaro BanHTaia sejaTeibHo,
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raa noJOBHHa H3t Apyrnxi cocjoBift.
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AOBaHi. Bx to se Bpeiui Bcasoe oTBaoHeme Bunycsa Moserb nojaTb no-
boa* bi AHnjiovaTH^ecBHMi HexopasyiiiHiflirb, itó kohosho Hemeaa-
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wb whhomi Bonpoct osa8ajica pacBOJii, npaBja, no coBepmenHo hocto-
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npej^oateme o6t> yqpemjeHÍH Hauptstelle 6hjo oTBJOHeHo.
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nocTflX^ finpaceBHXi bohetotobi — npn xonyn^emH k% Bunycsy uo(5pa-
meHiro n;tHHUXi 6yMan>. 3j,tcb ptqb m^evb oAHHaKOBO šasi o bhíhh-
hhxi, Taai h BHyTpeHHHXi ÓyMaraxt. DpaBHTejbCTBeHHLift npoeRTt
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orb ycMOTptnia BOTopofi saBHCHTb Aonyn^eHie iitHHHXt óyMan, Kt
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ne 8aHHMaK>niHXC£ npo(f>eccioHajibHo ToproBjeft TaBHUH óyMaraMH. Peftxc-
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XP0HHRA.— BHPKEBAH PEfcOPMA. 381
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HySHHMX BOKUIHTb Wb T6RCTI BaROHR H^ROTOpUJi Cym,eCTBeiIHtia Tp6-
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cionepoBT* npeacTaBiieHia AORyiieHTOKB, cjiyaamnx-B ocHOBaeieMx r-b
BunycRy h jaimjHX-B npeAcraBJíeHie o rapaHTiaxi BHnycRaeMuxi <5y-
Man; rommhccw ho AOJURna orpaHHiHBRTBCH (fwpMaabHtiicb KOHTpojewB,
a oóflsaHa bxoahtb kb on$HBy npejiCTaBJíeBHaro eft iiaTepiajia, h b*b
cjtynai ero h6doihotu, h6^octob^phocth hjih opoTHBopiiifl cl jpyrHMH
H3BÍCTHHMH eft <f>aRTaiIM — OTRJIOHHTB BUDyCRi; OBa AOJlSBa npHHH-
VaTB M*pU R*B TOMy, HTOÓU „DyÓJIHKa, HaCKOJLRO 8TO B08XOSHO, Óiuia
ocBij^oMJieHa o <j>aRTHqecRHxx h ropHAHiecRHX* ycjroiiúixi, HeoÓxoflH-
vhxi wh oijíhrh BHnycRaeMBíX'B6yMarB a ,H,BaROHen;'b, rommhccíh o6a-
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pecaMH CTpaHU hjih ovobhaho BeAymHxt ri 3KcnjiyaTan,ÍH nyÓJiHRH.
OrsJíoHHfl BunycRy, rommhccíh ho yRasHeaera mothbobi CBoero ptmeHia,
ho coo6m,aeTi> bth mothbh bcímt, .npyrHMi repnaHCBHiTB ónpaaiTB, h
ecJiH na oAHoft Ónpai Aonym,eHÍe hobhxi 6yHan> 6ujio oTRJWHeHO,
to Apyria MoryrB jonycraTB hx«b jihidb cb coraacia Tofi, KOTopaa
BUCRasajiacB npoTHBi BHoycRa, eciH bto ho npoHSonuio no tocto míct-
humt, npHiHHaiťB. PasyMieTCH, repMaHCKHMt rocyaapcTBeHHUBTB saft-
ManT> npeAocTaBJíeHo hbmtío otb bcíxi bthxi orpaHHieHifi.
GHaÓAHBi ÓnpaeBHH rommhccíh, BiMDmia 3MHCCioHHiia onepan,ÍH, hih-
POBHMH HOJIHOMOliaMH, HpoeRTB ČHpaeBOft pe<JK)pMH B«B pe^aRI^H peftXC-
Tara CTpeMHTca Raai mojrho To^HÍe onperfuiHTB oóasaHHocTH rommhc-
cift. Hejapoan* RyneiecTBo aajyeTc^, *rro HapoflHue upeacTaBHTeiH
eme (forte npoHHRHyTU coMH&HieifB bi ÓHpaeBoft qecTHOCTH, híitb
npaBHTejiBCTBeHHue hhhobhhrh. DpaBHTejibCTBo wb CBoeifB npoeRrb ro-
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cneKTa u : cTaTBH 38-aa npaBHTejftCTBeHHaro npoeRTa TpeÓOBajia jehhib^
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npocneKT-L, ROTOpuft ^ojiseHi saRJiiDqaTb bt> ce64 „cymecTBeHHua iaH-
uu& ahe cyxt&ema o hoboS u^hhocth 4 *. Bt peftxcTarfc ae dphhbth
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kb npocneicrk. HobuS saeHi AOJiaeHx 6htb toiho HaaBaHt, AOJiana 6htb
ysasaHa uqjlebs ero cyHiia, h cocTaBjíaera m noADHCHaa cyMMa Becb
BHnycRi, hjih ae ^acTB ero, T.-e. crojbro BpexeHH ocTaeTca m nopT-
4>ejii ĎaHRHpoBi h cKOJibKo bhhochtch Ha piJHOKx. Ti ae Tpe6oBaHÍH
oóflsaTejiBHU npn ROHBepcinxi h B03BumeHÍH RanHTajia cyn^ecTByDn^nx^
yate BunycKOBi. Ho^nHCRa AonycRaeTCH He paHBme RaR*B ^epesx 6 ^neft
noc Jit oÓHapo^oBama npocneRTa. TaRt h oÓJiHrai;ÍH HHocTpaHHUXi npo-
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382 BftCTHUKB KBP0I1H.
MunuieHHUx^ npeAnpiflTÍfi AonycBaxrcca bi> tomi toju>ko cjyiaš, eciH
3MHccioHepu oóasyrca neqaTaTb óaaaHCb bi HineijKHXs. H3AaHÍaxx.
Oaho h3<b cymecTBeHHtfimHX-B Ao6aBjieiiiŘ, cAijiaHHbixs. pefixcra-
roMx, aaKJiroqaeTca bi cTaTbi TpHwaTb-BOCbMoft o, ROTopaa rjucmfc
TaKi: „aKijiH DpejopiaTia, npeBpam,eeHaro Hra lacTHaro bi ajuUoeep-
Hoe o6mecTBo hjih BOMMaHjiHTHoe TOBapHmecTBO, AonycEa»Tca bi Top-
roBjít Ha 6npst ne paH$e, Bani uo hct6H6híh roja nocjit BHeceHia
oóujecTBa bi> ToproBHft perHCTpt h nocjit ony6«BOBaHÍa nepearo ro-
Ammaro 6aaaHca B . HsiaTia H3*b oToro uocTaHOBJíeHÚi aonycaaDTca
tojibso bt, HCUD^BTejiBHUxi cjy^aaxi, ci» conacia mícthhxi opaBH-
TejibCTBi. ^oóaBjeHie, BHeceHHoe pefixcTaiwb, yse npe&ioseHo 6hjk>
bt> Borsencommission; Tam, se To*mie ysasaHii u «3%aTÍa, saxifl
hosho HM^Tb bt» BHAy. HpaBHTejibCTBO H6 pimajocb BeecTH bto orpa-
Hiiqeeie rpiDHAepcTBa bx cboS npoesTi, Tor^a xaK-b paAHsaJibHue npo-
THBHHEH ÓHpSH (UQAfc KOTOpiJMH HySHO BOHHMaTb H6 COIjiaJTb-AeMOKpa-
tobx, a arpapieBi c% rpa^oiťb KauimoMi bo naBi) HacTaHBajiH na
Toiťb, ?to6h qacTBua npeAnptaTia, iipeBpameHHbia bi a&AioHepHua 06-
mecTBa, nojibaoBajiucb npaBoirb nyfijHiHaro Bunycxa cbohxi asqi&
tojibko qepesx 2—3 roja noctó upeBpamema. Ci^yerb, šepotem.,
3aMtTHTb, qTo ffb kommhccíh, HacjríiAiiBaBineí noioseme 6apsH, jiase
HiKOTopue dscnepTii hsx Kpyra ÓaHKHpoBi h ÓHpseBuxi nyójHn.ucTWb
KaTeropHqecKM BUCBasuBaJHCb sa orpaHHqema bi tom-l se ayxi, sara
h arpapiu, noTOMy tto b-b repMaHÍH, EaBi u y sacx b-b H0B4ftmyi>
dpy rpDHAepcTBa, npespameme lacTHHX* npoMbtnueHHUxi npeAnpia-
•rifi bt> asitfoHepHiia h noAoÓHtia KOMnaHÍH CTaao H3JUo6jieHHoft onepa-
uiefi ÓaHEHpoBt h 6HpxeBHKOBi> aypHoro copxa.
n & cara npHHawesy kt> ifaaeHbBoft 4>Hpni, He Mory MipaTbca cb
TaKHMH TyaaMH, Basi, Hanp., Discontogesellachaft h Banm Tasí Haau-
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Kycceab. T4mi ae MeHte, a ne Busy Ót^u bí TOiťb, qxo 6yAyrb
ffpHHiiTH Mipu b*b Bamurfe nyÓjuiKH orb HeAOÓpocoBtcTHiJXT* npeBpam,e-
flifi nacTHUX-b npeADpiaTift b*b asn;ioHepHWi. Mošen ótiTb, 6upsa Tor^a
bt» rjiasaxi HHonixinpioóp^TerbÓoJi^e nopa^o^HuA h necTHuá bmai, qtMt
Tenepb. HeyM^peHHuvb rproH^epcTBOM-b HCxyccTBeHHo coa^arorb osnajie-
flie, BOTopoe oieHb CBopo oBasuBaeTca (J)hkthbhhm1) u Be^eTb bi yawc-
HOMy Katzenjammeťy"... Bi tomi> se Ayxi BUCBa3UBaeTca A-px Baifb.
6HpseB0& pe^aKTop-b National-Zeitung. Do cjoBaMi aToro ascnepra, opH-
Haftiesaniaro bi> fiap^am 6epjHBCBofi ónpsH h npoTHBHHsaMi rocy-
AapcTBeHHaro BMtmaTejibCTBa, sjio rpx>HAepcTBa OAMHaaoBO Bupasaerca
BaK*b vb Depe(f)opMHpoBaHÍH qacTHbixi npeABpiaTÍH wb afiD,ioHepHbia,
TaRb h Bb cTpeiueHiH fťb yBejHqeHÍ» aBi^ioHepaaro BanuTaaa cym,e-
cTByromHXb o6in,ecTBi,. 3a xyjmcaMH o(5hbhob6uho upohcxoahto CTaqKa
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XPOHHBA. — BHPaSBBAfl PEfcOPMA. 383
npoMHinjieHHHKOBi. cb 6aHKHpana; axiÚH HCKyccTBeHHo noxuMaDToi b-b
i$h4 šasi nyTeni jkhbhhxi cxyxoBt, Tax* h „peryMpoBanieMt" npej-
joseHi*, h Dy6jHKa HaÓpacuBaeTC^ Ha aKijiH, KOTopna eft nojraocarB
no itfiHairB, H8 CToamjiiWb bi HajuexanieifB cootbítctbíh ci joxoa-
hoctbd npeAnpÚLTÍJi. 3a HCxyccTBeHHHM* nonteuowb ciijyerB peaxiúa,
ho sorxa oHa HacTymuia, — npHÓaBJíaerB j;pyroft 9Kcnepn>, Bhhopb, —
asuiH yae juibho nepenun on anHccioHepa bi Apyria pyra, h dra
jpyria pystf — oóuKHOBeoHo aerxoBipeue, nocToposHie Óipsfe, Meuie
pOHTfce, TOHOBHHBH H Hp0lÍ6 H6-Iip0<f>eCCÍ0HaJBHHe HrpOKH.
Kpoiii HenocpexcTBeHHaro <f>HHaHCOBaro pasopema MHoraxi thcjitb
iDjeft, rproH^epcTBo b*b npoMiuueHHuxi npeanpiaTiaxi hm&otb em,e
ojho névajiBHoe dBOHOMiraecBoe aocatACTBie, Ha soTopoe cnpaBejtfHBo
yxasajrB npeAcfyuwejiB kommhccíh &m& H3ci&xoBaHÍ£ ÓHpau: oho co*
KbŘcmjerb nepenpoH3BOACTBy h uprancaMi. „KanHTajrB, KOTopufi npii-
iHBaera n npejnpijmi), 6ct6ctb6Hho b6aotb vb ero pacmnpeHÍiD Ha
HeaAopoBOMi 6a3Hcb. SwAwb HOBue AHpeBTopa seianrB „xfaaTB jtfuio";
npoHBBOACTBO pacmHpaeTCJi HenponopuioeajiLHO noTpeÓaemK), a sto
aerxo Bexen kb opoMumjieHHOMy BpH3Hcy a .— Bř Ha, onrhqaerL 9Kcnepn>,
npo<í>. JteKCHCB, a Toate ne ctopohhhkt> nojoÓHHx* npeBpantemfi, bi
xoropuxi mh bhahmi, 8JoynoTpe6xeBÍe axiuoHepHHirb npHHi^HnoKi,
noTOMy hto <J>opMa asiuoHepHaro oómecTBa npHAaeTca AiJiy, noropoe
B-B H6t HHCEOXBKO H6 HyS^aOTCH, OHO Cy^eCTBOBaJIO H 068% STOfl
$0pMU*.
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npoexTa, BHcsasaHH 6hih eme HtKOTopua apyria cooÓpaseHta. ^aae
npH nojiHoft qecTHOCTH aMHCcioHepa, AaHHtia o aoxoahocth qacTHaro
npejapijma ho rapaHTHpyDTB oAHBasoBofi aoxojhocth axijionepHaro
oómecTBa; nocjiijBee HMfcera, Kpon4 Tóro, pacxoAH, xoTopne bobco Ha
(JmrypHpyDTL b-b ĎaJiaeefc ^aaraaro npejrapiHTÚL T4mt> 6oj4e Hyaraa
OCTOpOSHOCTB HO 0TH0m6HÍK) Vb dMHCCÍOHepaMl MeH4e AOÓpOCOBtCTHHMfc,
ho ocTaHaBJíHBaDmHMaa npeji HaBpameHieM* ýasTOBi. Ha repMaHCKHXi
tinpsaxi, aaMÍTH^i ojjhh-b hsi jenyTaTOBi, cymecTByiwrb 4>HpHU 9 H3-
ópaBmia rp»HAepcTB0 h neperpDHAepcTBo axmoHepHUxi npoMunweH-
huxi oómecTBa cBoen HCWDqHTejBHoft cneijiajibHOCTBD h BiiÓHpai)-
mia ÓJiaronpiaTHyB) 6wgotcteyio KOHiDHKTypy w Tóro, htoóh BUĎpocHTb
Ha puHOKTb a&i^iH hobuxT) npej(npiflTift. 9MHCCÍ0HepU HaXHBaDTL MHJI-
jiíohu, Torja KaKt nyĎJiHKa pacoia<iHBaeTca AecATsaMH mhjuíohob^ sa
jerxoMucjeHHoe yBJíe^eHie nepcnesTHBoft bucoshxi ahbha6hxobi>. Peftxc-
Tan» ocTajica B*peHi> caoeMy B^rxaAy Ha xapaKTept rproH^epcTBa, He-
cMOTpa Ha CTpaHHyio aanjHTy nocjf&AHJiro npeACTaBHTejmMH npaBHTejiL-
CTBa. Oahhx 6ajaHCL, roBopnjiH npaBHTejiBCTBeHHue KoiíMHccapu, pobho
HH^ero ho AOKaauBaeTi h tacro Aa»e, ecjiH KOHinHBTypa ÓHjra otohb 6jia-
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384 BftCTHHKB EBPOUI.
ronpiATHaa, Be^en, kt> omnóoHHOMy iipeACTaBjíeeiK) o aoxoahocth npei-
npiATÍA. He AonycKaTb se hobhxi bhojckobi paHBme, šasi no ony6-
jiHKOBaHÍH AByx* ÓajiaHcoBi, SHa^HTL yHHqTosHTB BOBce BC«yi> yqpe-
AHTeJiBcsyD aiaTeJiBHocTb b*b oÓJiacTH asiqoHepHUXi npoMunuieHHHxi
npe^opiaTífi. PeftxcTarb oAHaRO HamejrB 9TH apryMeHTH Heyťř&AHTOtt-
hhmh: hhíto ho vosera 6htb xyse XHmHH^ecTBa, hhhí rocnoACTByD-
maro, — otbíthjio ďojibiiihhctbo npaBHTeaLCTBy, h npHuuio orpaHHqeme
b% npHBeieHHofi naMH pejaRijiH.
9thm*b oatoro amoro em,e ho Hcqepnariu HeoÓxoAHMM Mips npo-
thb-b noHBJíeHifl bi oóoporfe coMHHTejBHHxi irbBHocTel h BKcnjyaTaiUH
nyÓJiHBH He^oÓpocoBicTHUMH rpiOH^epaMH. Ecjih aRijioHepHofi 4>opMofi
sjíoynoTpeÓJflDTB am ocHOBama hjih „npeBpameHia" npeAnpi&Tift, b*b
9T0É (j)OpMÍ HHCROJBRO H6 HySAaKHElHXCa, TO eCTeCTB6HH0 HpHXOAHTB
b^ roJioBy oqeHt npocTaa MŠpa wa orpaHHqeHia xotji Óh Maccu něj-
rhxi rproH^epcTBi. 9to — onpeAiaeHie MHHHMyiia BanHTaaa, Tpe6y»ma-
roc* w Aonymenia anijift hoboí aiujioHepHoft rom namH vb kothpobkí Ha
(tepati. Ha HiKOTopuxt repMaHCBHXi ÓHpsaxi yse Tenept ycTaHOB-
jieHi» pfl dToro MHHHMyMi ocHOBHoro BanHTajia; b*b BepjHHii, Hanp.,
He AonycBaDTCA si hoaiihcrIi h rothpobkí aKD,ÍH npeAnpiaTift ci ochob-
hwb KanHTajioMi, iiefffce 1 HHuioHa MapoRt. EHpseBaa (aHReTHaa)
bomhhccía npe^arajia onpe^tjiHTB MHHHMyMt jyi& bcíxx repiiaHCRHXs
ĎHpaťB b^ */a HHJuioHa, bosbuchbi ero aju raMÓypra h $paHR<f>ypra
Ha M. ao 2 h pa BepjiHHa ao 3 mhjijiíohobi. B% rommhccíh pefixo
Tara bto npeAJOseHie TaRse bctpíthjio coiyBCTBÍe, ho wb BHxy pa3-
Hooópasifl ycjioBift Ha mcjirhxi ÓHpsaxx, pefixcTar* coraacMca npeAO-
CTaBHTB oKOHHaTejibHoe peryjHpoBame aroro Bonpoca coDSHOHy coBin»y f
h ct. 40-a noBTOMy npeAocTaBJwerB eity: „onpejitjiHTb MHHHMyra pas-
M*fcpa ochobhoto KauHTaja, HeoóxoAHMaro am Aonymema aKDJft Ha ot-
A&HBHHXl ÓflpsaXl, paBHO BaKl MHHHHaJIBHUfi paBMllpB KaXAOft 1|fbM-
hoů (k/Matu, Aonyc&aeMoĚ ki ToproBj* Ha Óupsaxi". Bx nocatAHeiTB
cjyqai hmíbtch fb bhay yse He tojibbo aKn,ÍH, ho h oÓJiHran.iH, bi
ocoóeHHOCTH HHocvpaHHHJi. B% npeHÍflx% pežxcTara aaMiqeHo 6hio, hto
bt, to Bpeiuj, Bas^ repMaHCRift aRi^oHepHuS ycTasi AonycRaen bu-
nycRH hobhx*b aRiqfi ho mohío RaRi no 1.000 MapoRi aa niTyRy, hho-
CTpaHHUA saROHOAaTejiBCTBa 8Toro orpaHHqeHifl ne 3naiDT%. I^íubd
ycTaHOBJíenia cpaBHHTeJiBHO bíicoroA HapHn;aTejiBHoft itfiHii wh aRi^ift
6iiio — npeAOTBpaTHTB npioóptTeHie cneRyuTHBHuxi ÓyMan jidabmh
Ob HeÓojiBfflHMi AOCTaTROMi. SíejiaTejBHO nodTOMy, itoÓu Ta se haoa
pyROBOAHJia aaROHOAaTejieMi h npH Aonyn^eHÍH etl ónpseBOKy oóopoTy
HHOCTpaHHiixi aRi^ifl, a TaRse h safiMOBi HHocTpaHHtixt ropoAOBi, Wh
nocjr&AHee Bpena nojyqHBniHXi mnpoRoe pacnpocTpaHeHie cpeAH nea-
KHXX HtMei^BHXl BaHHTaJlHCTOB-B.
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XP0HHRA. — BHPiRBBAfl PENfrOPMA. 385
Mu noaxoAHM* Tenept ki RpynHtftmeMy nyHKTy Bcero OTj^&ia o
rapaHiiaxi npn smhccíohhuxi onepaujaxT,, — r*b Bonpocy 061 otbít-
CTB6HH0CTH ÓaHBHpOBt Ba HOTepH, UOHeCeHHUA uyÓJuiRoft Ha BunycRaxi
eeAoópocoBicTHuxTb óyMan,. yqpeacnemearb rommhccíě ajia aonymeBia
eoBbixt BunycKOBi), BUD^eHieKi bt> cocTaB*B rommhccíA uohobi hbi
He ÓHpaeBoro aripa, yRaaaHieicB oÓjroaHHOCTeft romxhccíh, TpeóoBaHieMt
npocneRTa h t. j., saROHi HajieTca npexyapeAHTB noABJíeHie Ha purai
i^tHHOCTei, hoohiu.mxi,, TaR*B cRa3aTb, MomeHHHqecKoe uetMo Ha jróy-
HHKaKia Mips npeAynpesAeHiA He Moryn> oj^aRO aaTB yBtpeHHOCTH,
hto MaTepiajit, upe,nocTaBjreHHHá rohmhccíh, hjih npocneBTB, oónapojo-
BaHHuft w nojlaHcqHKOBi, He saRjroiaOTB wb ce(S4 rpyÓHXT> onraĎOHi
h jase HSBpaa^eHifl AMcTBHTeJbHWB ^aKTOB-B. He TOJbKo nyóJHKa,
nojnHCHBa»maaca Ha 6pa8HJibCKÍft saero, ho h romm hccíh, pascMaTpHBax)-
man npeACTaBjíeHHuft órojaterb hjih Óajiancb, jihhib bt> p£arhxi> cjyqaaxi)
vb coctojihíh KpHTHqecKH npoBÍpsTb hxtb. Ha óepjHHCKoň ÓHpati Top-
ry»rb u^hhumh óynaraMH, napHijaTejiBHaa n.tHa rotopuxi flocTHraerb
54 HHJuiapxoBi, wb ^paHK^yprb-Ha-MaHHi HaxoAHTca btb oópam;eHÍH
6ynan> Ha 6.603 MHJuioHa, ROTopuxt He ROTHpyarB bi BepjHHi, bte»
raMÓypr* TaRHXi Óynarb Ha 3Va MHJuriapAa. Míjcjhmo jh TpeóoBaTB,
TOOtilI <M6HU ROMMHCCÍH Wb COCTOAHÍH 6UJH OpOBipaTb ftOCTOHHCTBa
bc*xi> BHaycKOBTb? Ohh oieHb qacTO, E&vb h nyójHKa, orpaHHTOTca jihhib
^OpMaJIBHUMl ROHTpOJieirB, a Wb OCTajbHOMt HOJIOSaTCfl Ha HeCTHOCTB
BHnycKa»m;eft <í>hpmu. Pothihjibax, MeHutejracoHi, yqeTHoe o6m,ecTBO
BunycKaDTb aaera Pio je-JKaHefipo hjih pyMHHCRHXt seji^Hiixi jo-
pora; óynarH bc* Bt nopajRi; ho He BaRJuraaeTCH jih btb hhxi oihh-
6or* h HCRaaseHift— sto jíjio diniccioHepoBi. Btparb óojbine MeH#eju>-
coHy h RpynHOMy óanity, TfcMi dRSOTHiecROiiy rocyjapcTBy hjih hobíao-
MOĚ BOMaaHÍH.
Ecjih se 8to T8jťb, ecjra ÓaHRH h 6aHBHpu Ha bmhccíohhhxi onepa-
ip*Xl HaSHBaDTTBAeC^TRH mhjmíohobi,— b*ab sa 10-JlÍTÍe 1883—1893 r M
no BHTOCiemx) npo<j>. mifouepa, oahíx* HHOCTpaHHUxi 6yMarb wb
TepifaHiH BHnymeHo ao 5 MHJuiapxoBi, — to ecTecTBeHHO HanpamH-
saeTCfl BonpocB: bt* qem» coctohtx omerbmcmeennocmh dMHCcioHepa? Mu
OTBtTCTByeMl HOpaJIBHO H HOCTBI) CBOeĚ (j)HpiIH, — ropftO SaflBHJIH Wb
ÓHpaeBofi KOMrfnccÍH Ty3u 4>HHaHcoBaro Mipa, h ecjra Ham BHor^a cjy-
qaeTCJi oranÓHTbca, to ropas^o qame mu AaeMi, bobmoshoctb HasH-
betbcjí HiMei^KOMy RanHTajiy. Tón ae npo4>. niMOJUiepi Buc?HTajrB, ito
he 700—800 hhjijúohobi, HOTepHHHuxrb sa noojii^nee 10-jrhrie Ha
HH0CTpaHHux*B BunycRaxi, ORasuBaeTCH okojo MH-wiapAa BunrpajiH na
ApyrHXT> Bunycsaxi. Koho^ho, He oahh h t6 se Jínila HasnjiH h no-
TepaJOíH, h cpeAH noTep^BfflHXTb Ha apreHTHHCRHXi h noAotiHHXi safi-
Tojh IY.— Idib, 1896. 26
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386 BftOTHHRl EBPOUH.
Maxx, ei coatajiiniH), MHoro ófcflHuxx juoxet. 9to o^Haito hxi co6-
CTBeHBaa BHHa: MftjieHBKid lejoBiKt ÁojuseHi noRyuaTb Ha cboh c6e-
peaema npyccKie rohcojeh hjih tíepjiHHCRii saeira, a ne apreHTHHCsie
u rpenecsie safixH.
y TysoBi <t>HHaHCOBaro Mipa HHorja RoporRaa naium. Ohh 3a6u-
BaDTB, saKHMH rpoMKHiíH peMaMaMH AocTHraaocb noMfcmeme dicaoTH^e-
crhxi da&HOBi; npn ht6hím TaRHXt peKxaira bchríí MejKift peHTBe, «a
KOToparo JiHmHÍ& npoi^eHTL Ha BanHTaďL Hacro — BejiHqaftmee npioópt-
TeHie, co6jia3HfljiCA o6tni,aHÍaMH TanseMaHa h hochjtb r*b CBoeMy (Satc-
Rnpy BipHLie npyccsie rohcojh, ytoóh o6míihatb hxi Ha apreHTHH-
críě saeifB. O npieiiaxx neate hsbícthux-b fyvpwb, aaHHMaromHxca bh-
nycRaHH BHyTpeHHHXi npoMunueHHuxi> aRipi, mu y*e ynoMHHaiH, ro-
Bopa o rpDHAepcTBi. EpoeRTs* nodTOMy nocTaHOBjraerB, *to 3MHCCÍ0Bepu
coJiHAapHO 0TB4TCTB6HHH, ecjiH b*b upocneicrh cymecTBeHHua jm cy«-
flema o xocTOHHCTBaxi uíhhoíí ÓyMarH o<5cToaTe.iBCTBa HSBpan^eHH mh
ynytyenu, h ccjíh npn stomi moxho AORasaTB, wo sto npoHSonuro Kra
no 3JioMy yMticjy, hjh no rpyfioft HeóperaHocrn dMHCcioHepoBi. Boaie
cKpoMHaro TpeóoBama óaHRHpu, RaxeTca, ho MorjiH oacHjaTb, h t&yb
ho Menie mhhhctp^ Bepjenmi h ftiipeRTopi HMnepcRaro 6araa Eojie
3aBBHjiH npe*% pe&xcraroMi, qTo haute finance „ceptesHO BCTpeBoateHa*.
9to othboab ho bxojhjio wb HaMípeHia npaBHTejbCTBa, h Rorja npo-
THBHHRl 6hP»H HaCTaHBaJťB Ha HeoÓXOAHMOCTH ÓoJiie CepB68H0Ě otbít-
CTBeHHocTH, xoTa 6u, Hanp., TaRot, ROTopaa ycTaHOBJeHa ToproBUiTB
ycTaBOMi» wa ROMMHCOÍOHepoBi h KynijoBT,, A^ftcTByiDHiHxi no aopyqem©
TpeTBHXl JIHIJfc, npaBHTe2BCTB6HHEie ROMMHCCaptl p^mHTOJIBHO 8aJIBHJUI
non po8sumus. Eojrfce CTporaa otb^tctbohhoctb bobco xosero napainso-
BaTB 3MHCCÍOHHy» rfiaTeJIBHOCTB BepJHHa, HHOCTpaHHHO 9AŘUU ylUyifc
btb HapHfflt hjih ÁMCTop^aMi, a bto npaBHTejBCTBy HeaejaTejiBHO He
TOJIBRO B*B HHTOpecaXX HapOflHOfi 3ROHOMÍH, HO H HO C006paseHÍ4UTb
BHiniHeň dojhthkh. Ha 3T0& ae to?r$ spinia ctohtl Aaate TaRot no-
BHAHHOMy qyat^Ufi 6aHRHpCRHMfc HHTep6CaM*B dROHOMHCTB, RaR*B MOJO-
Aot ÝpeftóyprcKiíi npo$eccopi MancB Betiepi. Cod^aBaTB nocTaHOBJíe-
HÍa, KOTopua, Hanp., CA^JiaJiH 6u B03MoatHMMi npHBJíeqt rtb otbít-
CTB6HH0CTH BMHCcioHepoBi apreHTHHCRHXi saftHOBi, no ero xh£hík>,
03Haqajio 6u „yHHqToaHTB bcí reparaHCicia dHHCcioHHua onepanÍH a .
Mes^y TiiťB npn yperyjiHpoBaHÍH BunycROBi ptmaromee sHaqeHie
HMierB coxpaHenie Me»AyHapoAHaro BJiiaHifl repiamn, RaRi bmhccíoh-
Haro puHKa. 9to Taa* Baano, ito bcaroo ciyseme h crfecHeHie, mo-
rymee uobocth r*b noTepi cynpeMaTÍH BepjiHHa h BuroAaiťB HHocrpaH-
huxi ÓHpatB, p£ HacB HeMHCJiHMO, indiskůtabel , j^ase ecjnÓH
(bcjt6actbí6 HenpHHBTÍx uipb) npHmJocB cnasaTB 066*6, OTO UU pHC-
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XP0HHRA. — B0PSEBA* PEfcOPMA. 387
syeirB orpoMHHHH noTepaMH H&ieiiRHxi RanHT&iHCTOBi '). HysHo
OAHaao npHBHaTL cymecTBeHHUifb yiyqmemearb yse n to, tto npnH-
U&Wh OTB^TCTBeHHOCTH BOOÓII^e HpHSHaHB Bl HOBOlfB ÓHpxeBOMB 3aRO-
hox^tbjibctbí.
III.
IIpH hobhshí y Hact ÓHpateBHXB onepanjft, HanrB hshhb, RaaeTca,
eme He ycntjit BupaforaTB onpejriuieHHHXi cjokb am pa3Hoo6pa8HHXx
^opHi ToproBJH h nrpu, <t>aKTHqecKH yse cymecTByKmjHxi h Ha pyc-
crhxi ónpaaxt h bo bchroitb cayqai bsbícthiwb BCHRoiry hxi noct-
THTejíK). IIpaBM, h iraorie Hixei^Rie TepxHHH He otmtodtch apacoTo©
flSHRa DlHiiJiepa h T&Te, ho tími He MeHie aaxe hw TaKHm 6es-
oÓpaaHUMH cjioBaxH ónpseBoro saproHa, aasi Schwánze, fixen h t. d.,
HtnenKie HSCJiiAOBaTejH nomufaiorB onpefffejeHHHJi a-Mctbíh, roh-
RperHua hbjiohúi. Mu aaipy^HaeMca, aaai oóosHaqHTb pa3HHi*y Mesay
paanHHHHXH <(K)pMaMH ToproBJíH h Hrpa na BpeMA, cpoRi, pa3HHn;y,
Rasi ottíhhtb paaiH?ie Meaay Terminhandel, Zeitgescháft, Differenz-
gescháft, Stellagen h t, x m T.-e. cje&aoRfc, xoth h 6m8rhx* apyre
Apyry no ayxy, ho hmí»iii,hxi> caMocToaTeJbHua qepTbi. OcTaerca npH($i-
raTB vb oDHcaHiD Tam, rai jyui hohhtíh AocraToiHo 6hjio 6h ojHoro
cJioBa. 9to coajaero, He caasy: neiaaBHoe, noTOMy ^to bb ciaČoMi pa3-
bhtíh BToro copTa RanHTajraaira eme 64au h4tb, ho RypbeaHoe hojio-
xeHie, npaiio npoTHBonoJOSHoe bsbícthumt. caoBaiťB Me^HCToýejia: He
„Begriffe fehlen", a „ein Wort zur rechten Zeit" HeAOCTaenl
BeacnopHO, ?to ToproBJíH Ha cpoR*B h pa3HHijy — raaBHoe nojie óhtbh
ÓHpseBOfi cneRyjumiH h apeHa ea fieBoópasHiĚniHxt oprift. O^Haao
óhjio 6u offlHÓoqHO cqHTaTS ee npoAyaTovb tojbro Hamero MepaaH-
THABHaro Bisa: oHa cymecTByerB Ha ^ohaobomi plihkí yae cb XVII,
Ba TOBapHOM-B — cb cepejHHH XYIII bírb; no Rpaftneft Mtpt bb Toji-
jiaHAin yse b-l 1756 r. as^aHO 6mo aanpemeHie npoaaBaTB TOBapti
Ha cpoR-B, ecjra npojaBeitfb cani TOBapa He hmíot-b. H ne MeHte omn-
6ohho npexnojosenie, nro ocHOBHaa i^íjib ca^or*b Ha apeita, Ha cpoai —
Hrpa; nocaiAnaa npHCoeAHHMacB k% $opMÍ ToproBJíH, HMt»m;eft CBoe
paayMHoe ocHOBame, npaB^a, npHcoeAHHHJiacB HacTOJiBBo, mo HHue 3a-
Aa»TCH BonpocoMx: ne nosepTBOBaTB jih Jiyqme 3K0H0MnqecKHMH Buro-
AaHH annapaTa, wromaro bobo^b r*b sjoynoTpetfjieHiaiii? Ho tímb He
MeHie ho HaAO saóiiBaTB, hto nepBOHaqajiBHoe dROHOMHqeeaoe Ha3Ha-
qeHie Terminhandel, Zeitgescbáft — ne Hrpa. Ob noaBJíeBievB na ae-
l ) Max Weber, Bórsenwesen, b* 1-mi Supplementband, Handwdrterbuch der
Staat8fríssen8chaften (1896), cíp. 244—245.
26*
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388 BftCTHHKB BBPOIIH.
HesHOMi puHii aKijift, 6yMan> Ha npex^BErreju, cb yBejraqemeMi ro-
cyxapcTBeHHHxi MŘuovb h pacnrapemeiTB MeaxyHapoxHiix* otfopoTOB*,
BosHHKJia noTpeÓHocTb Bt opraHHaai^iH, KOTopaa 6u oójerqaJia pac-
npex^Aeme i^HHocreft no OTxfoiBHiuťB mícthoctjjmi, npexynpes-
Aajia CKonjieHie hx«b Ha KopoTKoe Bpena h cjysHja MeacjyHapcuHOMy
oÓMiHy. IIo OTHomeHii) s% TOBapam, cocTaBJWDmHirB npoxyRTH Mipo-
Boro puHKa, 8a*a?a Terminhandel cb oxhoě ctopohh coctohjhi b*b
npexynpesxemH HepaBHOMipHocTH Me&xy cnpocoMt h npe,a,JioseHÍein>,
c?b Apyrofi se— bi yqpesxeHÍH CBoeo6pa8Hoft $opMH CTpaxoBama, npH
KOTopoĚ B08M02BHO o6e8ne?eme puHsa Ba npoxoJisHTejiBHoe Bpeif a, (Ses*
pHCKa, cBa8aHHaro cb cneKyjaijifliíH Ha OTxaxeHHiie cpoRH. Tanosa
ocHOBHaa nxea peaaBHoft ToproBjra vb cpoKH, effectiver Handel. Bt>
ffMCTBHT6J!bH0CTH OJHaRO y^p62BAeHÍ6/ Hp6J(Ha3Ha?6HH06 yMeHBHIHTB
pHCKb, npeBpaTHJiocB vb cpe^CTBo vb nrpi Ha ijíhhhji 6yMarH h to-
Baps, KOTopuxt hh npoxaBeiub, hh noKynaTeab H6 HH%K>rb Vb BHjy
noKynaTb hjih úpoxaBaTB: 06a Brpaim> tojilko Ba paBHHi^^ soropan
HacTynHTB vb Ultimo, Medio hjh kohej TaKoro-To irikcaija. Ha 6ep-
jHHCRoň ÓHpai cjyqajocb, ^to wb Ultimo 3Ba?HJM>CB nepejaHHtixt
BTpoe h B^eTBepo óojibme aRitfž cneKyjwTHBHaro 6aH&a hjih HM»6ieHHOft
ÓHpaeD HpOHHHUeHHOft ROMMHCCÍH, siMfc CKOJIBKO 9TOTL óaHKl H OÓmOCTBO
B*B AÍÍCTBHT6JIBH0CTH HX&X0 HX«B Vb OÓOpOTŠ. ^eCfl^KH MHUÍOHOBl nj&QVb
xjiióa npo^aBaJHCb ximoMi, ho yMiioin.HMt otxhihtb nmeHH?Hoe aepHO
orb pawiHoro. BHpata ÓjaroAapa 9Toxy npeBpam;ajacb b*b HropHuft xoyb,
„toibko tívb oTaHHattnufica otb MoHTe-Kapxo*, — saiťfcqaerB oxhh*
H3-B dKcnepTOBi Vb óapmeBož romxhccíh, — „ito b«b pyjieTKi kosho npo-
nrpaTB JHfflb to, htó npHHocHmb cb co6o» vb RapMaHi, Torxa Rasi Ha
ÓHpxi HrparorB h vb RpejHTfc". Tbr-b RaK-B HHRaRHXi npo^eccioHaJiBHHx^
3HamA Tanaa Hrpa ho Tpe6yen>, to qacTHaa nyÓJURa, jidah pasíHi-
HÍfifflHXl» OÓmeCTBeHHHX^ CJTOOBl, HOCTaBJUMH ROHTHHTeHTB HrpOROB*,
coBepmeHHo noxaBJUBmift uci6hhoctb xMcTBHTejKHmťB RymjoB*, no-
RynaromHX* xjtófe paxH xjitóa h HTaaBjjHCKia xhph, noTony *rro k^
onpeA^JieHHOMy cpony na^o njcaTHTB vb MHJiaffh.
&b kommhccíh,- HasHa^eHHoft A&n HSCji^AOBaHiji ÓHpateBbixt nopaA-
robi, no3TOMy, npes^e Bcero BosHHRJia h npH xaJHBHŠAniHXi ^onpocaxt
dRcnepTOBi Bce 6oaiBHie coaptBajia xucjib o h6o6xoahmocth ycTpaHHTB
H8*B ÓHpmeBOŘ TOprOBJIH Ha CpORH BCfeXT* flBJfflDH^HXCH Ty^a, TK)6u
HrpaTb. BnpseBaH rommhccí* npe^jioatH ja, hto6h ri ToproBjt Ha cpoKH
(Borsentermin-GescMft) AonycnajiHCB tojibro míja, sanHcaHHUH vb oco-
6ue perHCTpu h BHecmia sa sto ocoóyro naaTy, h vto6u HneHa hjih
4>hphh jihi^i, sanHcaHHHXi b*b Borsenregister, aoboahjdbcb xo Bceo6-
in,aro CBt^eHia qepeí-B „HMnepcKiž yKaaare^b". BHpseBoe RyneiecTBO
h vb ocofieHHOCTH haute finance B03MyTHJiHCb: nopjixo^HHe jidxh 6jxto
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XPOHHKA. — BKPJREBAH PE40PMA. 389
nepecTanyn Booóme saHHvaTBCH 6hp»6bumh A&iaMH, tok* Káro bhb-
ceHie bi 6HpseBoň periCTpi óy^eT* iioith pbbhochjibho BUjaqi *&i-
Taro óuera. Mu hhckoju>ro H6 OTpHuaeirB, otbíthm Ha sto npe^cra-
BHTeiH komxhccíh, tto aju nonimHia, npo^eccopa hjh npHABopHaro
BHeceeie bi chhcok* 6yjen> He cobcím* YAoóho, ho toibko noroiiy,
*To ĎipateBoa a**t6jimoctb JIHU,!. sToro spyra— He np«f>eccioHa£BBoe
3aHaTie. BcAKOKy *cho 6y*erb, ito npo^^eceop* hjih ro^xeftcTep 1 * —
asapraue Brpou, a SToro mu h sejiajiH jocTHrHyTB cbohmh hoctohob-
jemaiiH. Bani se, Kynn,aMx, He sasopHo saHHMaTicji rfuaiiH, kotopuji
oTHDjtfc no cymecTBy CBoeMy ho hocjitb Ha ceói noeopHaro Kieiua,
KOTOpHfi TQXBKO H8BpaTHJHCB BCJti^CTBÍe CVÍHI6HÚI ÓHpSH Cfc iropHUlHb
AOMOMT,.
npejjiosema kokmhccíh bohijih bt> npaBHTejrocTBeHHuft npoeRT* h
6e» H3MtHeHia npHHflTH pefixcTaroMx. BHpsesue perHCTpu Beayxca
ToproBHMH cy^aMH; ohh ny&uCTU, T.-e. AOcryoHU sas^oxy aeja»meify
CB HHMH OBHaBOHHTBCB. 3a BH6C6HÍe Bt COHCKH Bi 1-Ě TORb yCTaHOB-
jieHa njiaTa m> 150, bt> cjtjiyDíiýe no 25 Mapora. JlHn,a, ho BaeceHHua
Bt perHCTpu, ho AaBinU nopyqeHia ÓaroHpy, sanHcaHHOuy wb perHCTpu,
HHqÍMi> ne OTBfrrcTByOTb aa noreps. 3thm*b AOiseH* 6utb npeAynpea-
jfiwb oóxoai aaKOHa: paai óaHrapi SHaero, hto (tb uieHTOBX hojibsh
BsucsHBaTB sa Hrpy Ha pasHHiiy, ohi (Jy^era ocToporafte h noTpetiyero
yse óórania rapaHTÍH, a sto ho spaňHeft íiipi jMeHBHiHrB Hrpy. J^Jia
jhu,t», sanHcaHHMX-B wb perHCTpu, AOJira no ToproB** b% cpora, xotji
<>h BMtjiacb vb BHAy tojibro pasHHija, AMcTBHTeju»Huft A0jn"b, ho Kap-
TOlHUfi.
flpme cpejn cropoHHHKOBi noaearo HeBMŠmaTeiBCTBa rocyjjapcTBa
itb atoHOMHiecKLa oTHomeHÍa ToproBJí* Ha cpoBH 6yiiaraiiH npoiium-
johhux* npeAnpiaTifi HxfeerB muio santHTHHKOB 1 *. Orqera napjiaMeHT-
cKoft kommhccíh mopb KOHCTaTHpoBaTb, *to EBremfl PnxTepi, BoeBaBmifi
Bnepew Beto* npoTHBHHKOBi ÓHpaeBofi pe^opiiu, HHqero He HirterB
npoTHB* HCKJDqeHia npoxumjMHHUx* axi^ift hot> ToproBJín Ha cpoK*.
Ti 9K0H0MH?eCKÍH AOCTOHHCTBa, KOTOpUH HSCJt^AOBaTeJIH ÓHpXH HBXO-
MTb wh Terminhandert TOBapaMH h BajiDToi: pacnpe^ijeHÍe pHCBa,
pasMtmeme aanacoBi no xtcTy h BpeMeHH, ycTpaHeme ÓucTpuxi ko-
ie6aHÍft bt» 8aBHCM0CTH otb ypoxaeB* h t. n., b*b TOprOBlt ^HHUMH
óyiiaraMH OTcyrcTByDro, hjih npoHBJflDTCJi wb ctojb caaóoi CTeneHH,
ito AueKO ho ypaBHOBtfflHBarorL o6opoTHuxrb ctopohl Bi orpovHOMi
óoimiihbctbí cjyqaesi* npo^asa h noaynKa pascwTaHa jramB Ha pas-
HHI^y, H HMqTO TOKI HO BOMORaeT* Wb ÓHpseByi) Hrpy, KaK*B B08H0S-
hoctb coBepmaTB o6opoTU na cpoBH, nepeHocHTB o6fl3aTejbCTBa c*
Ultimo íťB Ultimo, npH h60(5xoahmocth pacnJiaHHBaTBCJi He hojihod cvm-
Moft, a jehiob pa3HHn,eft b% deport hjih report (njaTa sa oTcpo^By). B-b
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390 BftOTHHKt EfiPOmi.
BepjHHi OBOJIO 60 ÓJTMarB ROTHpyDTC* na CpORB, HO TOJBRO O BOCbMa HO-
XHOrHXl H31 HHXX MOSHO CKaaaTb, OTO OH* y^OBieTBOpaDTl HOTpeÓHOCTH
ToproMH. Em;e hohatho, ecjiH samHmaDT* ToproBJ© wb cposH 6yMasHUMH
HHOCTpaHHUMH SHaRaMH, RaR*B 3TO DpOHCXOAHTB JSfi CHXfc HOpfc Cl> Ha-
dihmh pyÓJiaMH. IIpaB^a, h bx btoř ofaacra mHpoKo oTRpiiBaiHCB AeepH
aaapTHOĚ nrpt, ho no KpafiHet nip4 pajoirb ct 10-» HrpoaaifH, tojbbo
cneKyjiHpoBaBfflHMH Ha noBumeHie hjto noraseHÍe, mosho 6hjio npn-
BecTH He-arpoKa, 4>a6pHBaHTa, nanp., nojy?HBmaro sasaai hsi Poccíh
h cefliaci se oóesneuBaBmaro cetft sypcí. Rb cpoiHofi Toprosjró as-
uizu h npoMHnueHHuxt oómecTB* ropHuxi saBojOBi, yroitHuxx aonefi
h hoao6hhxi npe^apijiTifi Tasoro ceptesHaro noompema ToproBxi yse
BOBce 6htl H6 HoseTi; HaoóoporB, óaarojapa 6npat£ h ea bjií*hík> Ha
eneayjiaTHBHua npejrapiaTia, HopiraJiBHHfi xojx npoMunuieHHOCTH napa-
jn3yeTca h ho npoH3BO*CTBO nojiB8yeTca nocpejHHsecTBoifB ToproBiH, a
ToproBJía, asapTHaa, ÓHpseBaa, noAiHHaero ce64 HHTepecu npoHBBOACTBa,
BJÚaerB Ha ijíbh, cosxaerB HcayccTBeHHHt cnpocb h npe^Joseme.
Ka»AHft KpynHHfl 3aKa8i, nojcyHeHHuft nanp. BoKyvcBam TOBapn-
mecTBoici, padAyBaeTca wb ÓHpaeBoft ^aarb h cpasy noxuifaerB aic-
Kíh; ÓHpseBHKi, cneKyjHpyronUň Ha noHHateme ajcn,id saBoja, yMiun-
jieHHo npoAaen, apynHyi) napito Hra ero npoftyRTOBx, h Ha óapai
Ha?HHaeTca naHHBa: yrojit norasaeTca, mejrfcso oóeBijiHeHo, cntrnars
npo^aBaTB aRiýn. E*Ba jih noBTOity mosho HTO-raÓyjB BOspasHTB npo-
thbx pimema pefixcTara, He coraacHBinaroca Bceiifcio nepejaxB ype-
ryjorapoBame BToro Bonpoca Ha ÓJaroycif oTplmie codshhxx npaBHTejbCTBx,
a nocTaHOBHBmaro &b saaofffc (ct. 47-a): ToproBja Ha cpoRH bi naaxt
h aaijiax-B ropHHxi h ^aópn^Hiixi npeAupiaiii eocnpeu^aemcs Ha 6np-
saxx. Arijíh xpyrnxfe npejnpiaTifi jonycRaracB jihiiib kb tomt> cjiy^ai,
ecjiH aanHTajPB oÓmecTBa He Meeie 20 xhjuíohobi. Bm£ct£ cs> tím*
aaaoHonpoeRrB npeAocTaBjíaerB cobshom y coBiTy: rji bto noHaxoÓHTCH ,
em,e 6ojn>me cBysHTt A&aTejBHocTB puHRa Ha cpoRH, rrri Ha TOBap-
HOft, TRRl H Ha ÝQH^OBOft ÓHp*Í.
Hanóojte CTpacTHue tojrh h AeÓam bo BpeMa oócyia^eHia Bcero
(tapseBoro npoeRTa BUSBaHa TJhjih MipaMH npoTHBi ToproBjra na cpoax.
XAfbÓoMt. TaRx Raat copoRi c6jibcrhxx xosaeBi yate ^&bho arHTHpy»rB
bx jepeBHflxx npoTHBi, ónpaa h v o6e3i^HeHÍa xjiióa npoAfcuaMH 6np-
aeBHROBi"— oahhi H8x HSJíDÓJieHHHXi T63HC0BX Ha arpapHHXx coópa-
HÍHXX, TO CTOpOHHHRaiTB ÓHpXH H6TpyjlH0 6bIJO BHyiHHTB HtMeiJKOMy-
RyneqecTBy, hto pe^opMa ÓHpatH Booóme cctb xh&o arpapHoň ajqHocTH
h HeBiaecTBa. IlocjiAHaro bdojhí OTpni^aTB HejiBsa: He tojibbo cay-
maTeJTH, ho h opaTopu Ha MHoraxx arpapHHxx cxisxaxx oÓHapysH-
Ba©TT> coBepmeHHo a^tcrío mran^u Ha xapaRTepi h opraHHsaKÍD 6Bp-
aceBoft ToproBJíH; ajofi bojí cneayjuiHTOBi npHHHCUBaeTca MorymecTBO,
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XPOHHBA. — BHPKEBAB PEOOPMA. 391
npeBiinia»mee cnay ecrecTBeHHuxi MeauyHapojBHX^ ^aBTopoB**, bjiúi-
BomHXt na ii£hh xjritóa. Bt raasaxi arpapia ÓHpseBoft xxfcfioTopro-
Ben,T>, BtpoaTHo, hsi> HeHaBHCTH Et repMaHuy, CTpeMHTca hoctobhho
noHHsaTb uíhh... Ho XHorie h3t> hhhíihhhxi jiaTejieft arpapnož napTÍH
mjih nonjiaTHJHCb cocTOAHievB Ha ÓHpxeBHxi) cneKyjia^axi, hjih ae,
oto eme Merita noxBaJBHo, sapBaBíHHCB Ha ÓHpseBoft Hrpi, npe*no*JiH
He njiaTHTb paaHHi^H, cnpaTaBHiHCb sa saccaiqoHHoe p&meme, npnsHa©-
m;ee Tasie aojhi paBHUMH BapToiHOMy aojiry h noTOMy He noweaa-
mHMH cy^eÓHOMy BaucKaHiro. B-b sacijaHin pefixcrara coijiajifc-aeMo-
KpaTB 3HHrepx HasBajrb jase npe3njeHTa Bund der Landwirthe, 6a-
poHa UňQnjBL (Plotz), oahhmi hsi TaKHXt pacKaaBmHXca, BcróACTBie
noHeceHHtíxt noTepb, rpiunHHKOBi, h oÓBHHeme sto jo chxi» nopx ne
onpoBeprnyTO.
yTBeps^eHie XBajHTejieft xjrfeÓHoft 6hp»h, oto TaMt Bce BTb*no-
pa^xi, OAeaKo Taxse oieHb ^ajieso otb hcthhh. OrpoMHuft MaTepiaJTB,
npeACTaBjíeHHtit ónpseBOž kommhccíh DOKaaamaMH axcnepTOBi, npe-
HMymecTBeHHo ToproBn,aMH, opeBocxoAHo 8Hax>niHMH ycaoBia xjrfiĎHoft
cnexyjiaiUH, oÓBapyatHBaerb sjoynoTpe&ieHia, BpejHaro BJiiania roto-
puxx Ha cejiLCKoe xo3*ěctbo ueihsa 0TpHn,aTb. Bume mu roBopnan
o&b hao4, *e»ameĚ bt» ochobí Terminhandel. ^ftcTBHTOJibHOCTB oAHaso
OHeHb Aajrexa on, Hfteajn>Haro npeACTaBjeHia. EflHHCTBeHHaa xpynHaa
ÓHpata a&h ToproBJíH na cpoxH — 6epjiHHCKaa, bcť> ocTaabHHfl hjkhQh6-
8HaWT6JIbHhí, HJIH B006lU,e HCKJOTattTO TOprOBJHD Ha CpORH. 3a TO Wh
BepjiHHi cnexyjiHpyiyrb Ha xalrtfo ho tojbřo xjritóoToproBijH H*cejb-
csie xo&aeBa, ho h Macca npoBHHitfaJOBrb, hs-b oTAajeHHiiniHxi saxo-
jiycTbeBi UpycciH, h hphtom-b jidah bcíxi> cowiOBifl: 3Bhobhhbh, y*H-
TejiH, aABOiutTiii, mhchhkh, óyjioíHHBH, baobh. CymecTByiorb rommhccío-
Hepu, soTopue pascajiarorb no hpobhhijíh KonMH-BoaaepoB*b, Bep6yx>-
mnxt HrpoKOBi, Ha xjrfefo. IIohhtho, oto bt> noxynKax-L h npoxaxaxi
dToro poxa hítb mucah o <I>aKTB<fecBofi cja^, a TOJbKO o pasHHitfi.
IIo cjioBaicb oAHoro hb-b axcnepTOBi, AonpomeHHuxi KOMMHCCÍeft,T90
cM&noKb Wh 100 HHtrorb bx BH^y ho noBynBy-npoAasy x^6a, a
TOJbKO Hrpy,
IIpH eCTeCTBeHHOft TeHA6HI^ÍH I^tH-B KB HOHHSeHÍK), HO UpH^BHaHl,
jieaauiiHMi, bi ycioBiaxi CHa6»eHÍa icesAyHapoAHaro puHKa, cymecTBo-
eaeie apMÍH nrpoKOBi BpeiteHHO uoxerb noBecra k*b ycnjeHiro 9to&
TeiueHD,ÍH, h JiHfflb HacTOJibBo BTb yTB6psA6HÍH arpapioBi, wo 6apxa
iTOHHsaerb ijíhh, ecTb aouh npaB^H. He Há^o tojibbo saóUBaTb, qTo
upH oópaTBOMTb HanpaBjíeHÍH, Kor^a HOBBJíaDTCH cjiyxH o njioxoifb ypo-
xa&, o BoftH-fe h t. n., tohho TaBse ycH^HBaercH TeHAeHi^ÍH á la hausse.
Ho eciH bto ycTpaHaerb npeyBejmqeHHHjj HapesaBia arpapieBi, to bt>
to se BpexB boao6hub aBaeHia rotíoparb, ^to ocHOBHaa ýyHBi^ifl Top-
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392 B&CTHHKb EBPOIIU*
roMH Ha cpoKH He ocymecTBJWieTca: bmíjcto Tóro, ?to6h cmírqaTb
ecTecTBeHHua RoaeóaHia ijíhi, ciyanTb RaKi 6h cTpaxoBHirb yqpex-
AeHieiťL, o6e8neiHBai>mHMi on BBesanHuxi CRaiRóB* d^ht* BBepxi*
hjch bhhsi, caMa ToproBJía bt> cpoRi ycHJHBaerB neycToftqHBocTb h
TasHMi oópaaoMi Bpejuira Basi npoH3BOAHTeJW>, Tasí u noTpeÓHTejiD.
Bi peňxcTari o6pam,eHo 6tuo BHHMame Ha to, *to hbi Bcfexi bhaobi
xjiióa aHMeHB HeHjbme apyrHXfc noHH3Mca bt> ijíhí. JleaHTb jih bto
bi ycaoBiaxi ilpoHSBOACTBa, npocTan jih cayqaftHocTb, hto stHMeneMb ne
fnoptywfm vb TerminhandeFi? He txmlbbo arpapin, ho h xi*5oToproBn,u
HaXOAíITL npH?HHHyiD CBH3B M6»Ay MeHLHIHMl 06e8I*4HeHÍeirb AWeHfl
h oTcyTCTBiexi cpo^Hoft ToproBJíH, TaKb Ka»i ToproBJíH Tyrb, npH bbosí
h3bhí, conpflseHa erb fiojibniHMi phcromi.
UpOTHBHHKH 6©pJIHHCKOft ÓHpSH yBÍpa»TB Aajrfie, HTO rOCHO*-
cTByromie bt» Heft nopajKH Bcer^a CTaBarb npo,naBija bi 6oj£e Bbiro*-
HHa ycjiOBÍH, Y&irb noKynaTejusí, a npH cnesyjuiTHBHOiii xapaRTepi
ToproBJíH npojaBeijfc sHa^HTi— baissier, noRynaTejib — haussier. TaR*&
šasi npn npojtaaaxi Ha cpoKH HirfeeTCJi wb BHjy He HHAHBHAyajfóHHft
TOBap-L, a onpejiuieHHHft thhi, to npH óepjHBCKofl ÓHpai cymecTByer*
ROMMHCcia, KonTpojiHpyDmafl Ra^ecTBo CAaHHaro xxbóa h pimaromaa,
cooTBiTCTByerb jih oht> tímx TpefioBamaiťb, BOTopbia b-l npaBi npejt-
abjatb noKynaTejb. DpHBHaHHoe r*b c^ai* RaiecTBo hochtb HasBame
Lieferungsqualitat. IIpH OTcyTCTBin bt> TepnamH aMepHaaHCRoft ch-
€T6mu ajeBaTopoBi), npn MHoroo6pa8ÍH coproBi xjióa, nocTynaDnuixfe
Ha 6epjiHHCKÍft puhoki, onpejfcjieHie aocTOHHCTBa xjiióa — cjos-
Hoe aíjio, 0TRpHBa»m;ee AocTyni npoH3BOjy. Upyccttie seiuieBjía-
jijibn.u yBipHDTx, qTo, bo-I-x*, Lieferungsqualitat na óepjraHcsoft
ÓHpai ycTanaBJóíHBaeTCfl Ha oieHb hhskom^ RaiecTB-fc, a Tasí KaKt
óepjHBCKla u$eu — pyKOBOAam,ia jm ToproBijeBt wb npoBHHnJH, to ohh,
noMtmHKH, sa CBoft Biicosaro AOCTOHHCTBa xjrítób nojiyqaDTb itfrau,
onpeAijiaeMHa sa hhsko-copthuA TOBapx. Bo-2-xt, zemieBJL&xhjihHH,
jsfiL h He oahh ohh, ho h MHorie ToproBn;u, yBÍpa»Trb, vro ycjoBm
c^a^H xji^Óa eme óojibme AeMopaJHByiorb xJit6Hy» ToproBjíD. Upo^a-
Ben,!* b% BepjiHHi npeA^flBJíaeTb noKynaTeJW) Taro HasuB. Kúndigungs-
schein, saaBJoieHie, ?to y aero npnroTOBJíeHO Tasoe-To ROJiiraeCTBO to-
Bapa r*b yRasaHHoMy cpony. CooTBiTCTByeTb jih xjíóx ^aae CRpoMHim
TpeóoBaHiflMx 3RcnepTH3H, noRynaTejnb He SHaera. Bx 6oju>hihhctbí
cjyqaeBTb x^46i> RynJieHi a^« coeRyjrai^iH, c^aeTCH onb ?am;e Bcero
TOJibRo npH noHHaceHÍH i&Rb (npn noBumeHin upoAaBen,Tb npeAnoqH-
TaerL 3anjiaTHTb pasHHi^y), h noRynaTejib, He BHJtaBrb xjitóa, RaRi ero
He BHAtJii* BipoaTHo h npoAaBei^Tb, cnJUHHTi nepe^aTb ero bx Apyrin
PVkh. Bi^b He xjitó-b ae eiiy HyaeH-b, ?tó oh*b cb uvm c^^jaeT-L?
TaRHMi oópasoiťb oahh-b h totb ae apjiHRt Ha HSB^CTHoe rojbíh^octbo
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, XP0HHRA. — BHPJBEBAfl PE*OPMA. 393
xjrióa nepexo^HTL h3t> pyR* wb pjkh, h Rorja HaROHeiji xjrbfe jift-
CTBHTejbBo AOJiaeHx 6htb ROMy-HH6yAB cjaH*, ero nojBepraDTB BRcnep-
thsí, h osa8UBaercfl, hto owb hojohi bcaroS aphhh, nicht lieferbar.
yiitpeeHue opraHU (tapsH nodTOMy yRaaiiBajiH He ctojibro Ha sjíoyno-
Tpeójema nrpii, ckojilko Ha orcyTCTBie npaBHJbHuxx hopharob* Ha
TOBapHoft ÓHpati, ROTopue MorjiH 6h, uo hx* mhíhíd, npeAynpeAHTb
HexejiaTeJiBHUfl nocjrfeACTBia ToproBJíH Ha cpoRi, ho Hapymaa b* to
se speiifl e* nojiosHTejiBHHXi aoctohhctbx. Ohh npe^araJiH dobh-
chtb TpeÓoBaHúi OTHocHTejiBHo RaqecTBa x*46a, AonycRaeMaro r«b CAaqfc,
irhfa> AOJiseHi 6utb nparoAeHi w BHyTpeHHaro noTpefijieHia, brc-
aepTU AOJBURHH COCTOHTB H6 TOJIBRO H3T> qjeHOBfc ÓHpXH, HO TaRSO H3X
ceiBCRHXi xosaeBi, bi npoxasHoft pochhcrí aoa&ho 6htb yRaaano
npoBcxosAeaie xjrfcfia. ító He MeHie BaatHo, ocMcrrpx TOBapa AOJHseH'*
apoHcxoAHTb ao HacTynjieHia cpoRa c*aqH, h npojiaBeij*, Bpyqaa no-
RynaTejíK) Scheín, jojurohi npeACTRBHTB yAocroBipeHie oti dRcnepTOBi,
TPO Xjrftól OCMOTp^Hl H OAOÓpBHl.
Ha btoiii 6a3Hci cocToaaca-ĎHiio romhpomhccb Me»Ay napTiaMH bi
napjiaiceHTCRoft rommhccíh npH BTopoMi qTeHÍH saROHonpoeRTa. Upn
o(eysA6HÍH b*b oÓmeMt sacijaHin HacTpoeHie napJiaMeHTa ORa3ajiocL
Rpyro H8MÍHHBraHiica: uesTp-B h HauioHajTB-jiHÓepajiH, paHBme crjiohhb-
nriecH ri ROMnpoMHecy, npHcoeAHHHJiHCB ri arpapiaMi,. TmeTHO npo-
THBHHRH 3anp60^eHÍft A0Ka3bIBajH, qTO 8aRpiITÍ6 TOprOBJH HR CpORt
paBHocHJiBHO yHHTroaemiD óepjiHHCKofi xjvh6noŘ óapatH. Bu caMH, ro-
bophjih ohh arpapkii-B, RaR*B semieBJíaA^Bitu, nonjaTHTecb óojibme
Apyraxt 3a cboA HeoÓAyMaHnuž nocTynoRi. 3flaqHTejn>Haa qacTb ypoauut
RasAaro n>Aa npoAaeTca wb repMaHÍu cefiqacB nocjrfi y6opRH xjritóa,
Ha cyMMy otl 300 ao 400 mhjuíohobi MapoRt. XjiiÓHaa ToproBM He
wb coctoahíh óujia 6h necTH phcri, CBHaaHHuA cb TaRHMH ROJioccan-
hbmh noRynRaMH, ecjiHÓu oHa ho HMijia b* Terminmarkťi pHHRa,
Ha rotopovb BcerAa mosho „noRpuTBca^T.-e. pacnpeAÍJHTB phcri Ha
npOAOJISHTeJIBHEIŽ CpOKT> H CpOAH MaCCU JIHI^t. Bw He B*B COCTOAHÍH
H3MÍHHTB HaUÍOHaJIBHHMl SaROHOAaTOJIBCTBOMt yCJlOBÍH MBSAyHapOAHarO
puHBa, — npoAOJiacajiH dpothbhhrh arpapieBi, h cbohmh sanpeTHTejibHUMH
MtpaMH AOCTHrHOTe TOJBRO TOTO, qTO H8*B BepjHHa TOprOBJJI XjritóOlTB
Ha cpoKt nepeftAerb bt> JIohaohi hjth AMCTepAaMi. ff Hame cejbCKoe
xoaaficTBO He nornóHerb otb 3anpem;eHÍji ToproBJíH Ha cpoRH, ho a
ytfiuKAeHB,— BocRjiHiíajfB AenyTara Bapra,— qTO oqeHb CRopo hs-b br-
hihx-l se pjiaobi (arpapieB-B) pa3ÍacTC£ npH3UBi»: BOSBpaTHTe uawb
Terminhandel"!
EípyccRiň iihhhctpi ToproBJíH, b*b rommhccíh peftxcTara RaTeropn-
qecRH BHCRasuBanraiftcji hpothbt* 3aROHOAaTejiBHaro 3anpem,eHÍH, yae
MeHie pifflHTe.ieai, npeA* OROHqaTejibHHMT* rojiocoBameM*. Oahhi H3i>
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394 BftCTHHK* EBPOIUI.
AHÓepaJIBHHXli flpOTHBHHKOBt 8aKOHa yBtpaJTB, ÍTO Me«Ay nepBMMt H
BTopuMi HTeHieifB He npoHsonuio Hnqero Tasoro f *to mouio 6h H8irfc-
hhtb yóiacAema HHHHCTpa, KpoMi cjyqaftHaro sacTOJiBHaro saMiraama
H3i> BJiiaTeJiBHHXi ycra. Mhhhctpb BepaeanrB, npaBAa, h Tenepb em,e
BucTyoaerL npoTHBi npeyBeiH*emí arpapieBi. He npaBAa, 6yATo cne-
RyMiýa Ha 6epjiHHCBoft ÓHpaci tojkro noHnataen, d^hu: ona qacro
ctojib ate HCKyccTBeHHO noBumaerB hxtb, h sara DOBumeHie, Taai h
noHHsefiie— tojibbo BpeHBHHoe aBjeme, Toraa Kaši hoctohhhhmh pe-
ryjuiTopaMH ufcwb cjiysarb ycaoBia Mea^yHapojHaro puHita. Termín-
handel, Raai oht» cymecTByerb Tenepb, qacro Be^erB si Hapymemi*
HHTepecoBi DpoH3BOAHTaieň hjh noTpeÓHTeieft, ho 3aKJ»Ham,aiicjj b%
Heirb Hflea, KaRi h ero ocnoBHaa 3ajaqa — CTpaxoBarie ote pncsa, 6xa-
roTBopHu. Bosmojrho jih ycTpaHHTb HeAocTaTBH na npaKTHKt, coxpa-
hhbi ÓjiaronpiflTHUfl qepTti aToro poaa ToproBJíH, mhhhctp* cb yBipeH-
HocTbio He csasera, ho noseify se He nonpoÓOBaTB? HsMiHeme bi
ycjioBinx-L KBaiH<t>Hsai;ÍH TOBapoBt h TpeóoBaBie npeABapHTejiBHaro
ocMOTpa xjrtóa BRcneprom — bo bcaromi cjiyqai o?ohb cepbesHua no-
hbitrh, tíitb ÓoJťbe, tto „ipesBHia&HO coMHHTeJBHO, qToÓu sanpeme-
Hie ToproBJíH Ha cposi hmíjio rb ovaria nooiijCTBia, ROTopuxi acjyrB
8an^HTHHRH 9T0Ž M*pU a .
UpaBHTeJiBCTBO, oqeBHAHo, He oejiaerB bshtb Ha ce(fa otbÍtctbch-
HOCTB 8a CTOXb pÍfflHT6JlbHy» M&py, — OTBÍTHJTB MHHHCTpy 0£HH!b OTB
Boajeft ijempa,— b* TaKOMx csyqai mh óepem ee Ha ce6a, xora h
mli ne Moučeni cb yBtpeHHOCTBro CRa8aTB, hto6i> on 3anpeíueHÍa Top-
roBJíH Ha cpoKi HacTynHJiH t4 sojiotuh BpeiieHa, kotopuh npeftCRasu-
Baiora arpapiH. ,B,m RJiepHRajiOBi, Bani h ajm Hanjoea.HB-.iiHÓepaJiOB-B
pimai>mee 3Haqeme hmíbt-b HacTpoeme cejiBCRaro HacejeHia. CeiBCso-
xosažCTBeHHUH oómecTBa, npeftcraBHTejBHHA yipesAeflifl AepeBeHC&aro
HacejieHU, seMieítJiBqecRaa neiaTB h communis opinio ceJBcaaro Ha-
po,na — npoTHBi ToproMH Ha cpoRi, a Ras^aji npo<j)eccia, Rasftoe co-
cjioBie, Raai supasHjiCH EeHHHrceHi, Jiyqrae ApyrHXt aoisho 3HaTB,
?tď eiiy BuroAHo h htó Bpej(H0.
TaKx Kast HaM-B, npn H3JioaeHÍH rjaBHUx^ DOCTaHOBjíemA pe<J)opMu,
yate hphhijiocb ROCHyTBca BsrjaAOBt Ha 6npsy oTjtfiJiBHEixinojraTHqecRHXfe
napTift, to otmíthmi RCTaTH h mothbh onno8Hii;ÍH« IIpHHi^HaiajiBHUMH npo-
THBHHRaMH saROHonpoeRTa óujiH CBo6o,a;oMUCJiflin,ie. Ohh othidab oAaaKO
ne yTBepjRxajin, qTo huhí cymecTByromie nopajiRH — H^eajiBHue. no
mhíhíd PMXTepa, EapTa h Apyrnxi opaTopoBi CBoío^oiiHCJia^HXi, ne-
AOCTaTRH h 3JioynoTpe6;ieHÍfl ÓMpateBoft ToproBJíH tojibro npeyBejHqH-
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XPOHHKA. — 5HP2R&BAH PEfcOPMA. 395
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CTBeHHaro noBumeHia n,ÍHt xaitfa. "ííitb ocTpoyMHie ycTpoeHa xji46-
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npHBiexaTB xaiň^ h8*b bcíx^ CTpaHi nipa Ha mícthhř phhoe*b h ne
AonycRaTB BaiaHia hhcto mícthhxi hphihhi Ha ^BHseHie nfcwb. Bari
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npoesTa. EIpaBHTejiBCTBO, npaBAa, He bo aceMt coraacHO cb peixcTaroifi,
HO TÍMI H6 MCHÍe OHO H6 OTKa&eTB UpoeBTy Wb CB06MÍ COIMBCÍH.
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tíxi, KOTopHa oupeafcjMDTi oTHomeHie uem&j KOMMHecioHepoMt u
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npaBa h oóaaaHHocTH óupseBiixi. xasiepoBi. BescnopHo oh6hb cyme-
CTBeHHUH CB TOHBH 8p*feHÍH ĎHpseBOrO OÓOpOTB, OHH HrpaDTb T0JBR0
BTOpOCTeneHHy© pOJIb B*B CpaBH6HÍH CB T&MH OCHOBHHMH H3MÍH6HÍÍ11U,
na kotopuxb HaMB KaaaaocB HecÓxoAHMUMB ocTaHOBHTBoa wh. xapaBTe-
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cqHTanHUXB Ha BBeAOHie bi 3a6jyjKAeHie, h cb MomeHHHHecBHKH Ha-
irfcpeHiflMH* CTaHOTB (HJIH HOHHTaeTCfl) BJÚHTB Ha 6HpseByD n,tHy TO-
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um opo^aat i^íhhhx-b 6yMarB a . Bi ocofioň CTaTbi (72 a) kommhccúi
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XPOHHRA, — BBPSEBAH PEfcOPMA. 397
peftxcTara, a bcjií^ sa He» h pefixcTanb cohjih HyaHHMi noABeprHyTB
cypoBUMt HaEa8aHifl]f& ÓnpseBiirB HHpaiwB h hxi> cooóihhhkobt,, 3jio-
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wra, HMÍDmia itftaBX) bjiíhtb Ba ÓHpseByx) itfmy, npeaocraBJíflerB hjih
oótmaerB Apyroxy, hjih BbiroBapHBaen, cefó BOBHarpasjeHie, Haxow
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* xeaesfitay nrrpa^y jo 5.000 MapoR*. TaROMy se HaKa3aHÍ» nowe-
aurro totb, rto BJiaTHTB hjih nojyqaerB niaTy 3a yMOjqame o <|>aR-
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BpeM6HHOĚ nyÓJHI^HCTHRH, OAHHaROBO OCySjaeiIOft H BOpJIAOÍHHMH 9Jie-
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8b BHcmeft CTeneHH xapaRTepHtie npnx^pH npHBefleHH 6ujh bt> 6np-
xeBoU koxmhccíh dRCnepTora, ÓHpaeBHMi pe^aRTopoM^B BHHepovB.
,roja ABa tomv BaaajťB, — paacaasHBaeTi obi, — ro mbí noAomejrB
KoirnanBOHi 4>Hpvu Bjeflxpe^epa (TaflHHt KOMMepuiH cobíthhri III Ba-
6&ib) h caasajTB: r. BHHepi>, a BaxosycB b* óoJOBinoMi saTpyAHeHÍH.
Mh ROHBepTHpoBaJiH saajmABue jihctu D,eHTpajiLHaro Gama no3eMeJn»-
Haro KpejHTa, h mhí npn btovb yKaaaeo 6ujio npHBJíeqs ht> yqacTi©
h Bamy raseTy (Berliner Tageblatt). Raai mhí nocTynHTB?.. (B*b ct6ho-
rpaiJraiiecRoiifc OT^ert k% 3TOMy npnóaBJíeHo: HeiterkeitL) B^ apyrofi
pasi.TOTB se óHpseBoft pe^epem-B nonyqHJii otb óaHKHpa Kapjia Heft-
6yprepa yet^oMiieHie, wro sa ero cqert KynjieHti h npoAaHU aRi^ÍH
9DBeBAop4>CRaro npoMunuieBHaro TosapHmecTBa h npa btomi Bupyqeeo
9 npH6ujiH a 1.000 MapoRi, rotopuh npn ceMi> npHJiaraDTCii... T. Bu-
Hepi sHRor^a se nopyqajn> noRynaTB h npoAaBaTB aRitfH 3nnenAop<|)-
cxaro TOBapHmecTBa. Ha cboř aanpocB y He86yprepa, hto 3to SHaqHTi?
owb nojyqHJit bt» otbIwb: HSBHHHTe, nosanyftcTa, npoHSonuia omuÓRa
cjmwmaro, nepenyTaJH HMeHal..
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stpHoe ae Taní HaHBHo, ítoÓh HeaoHHMaTB CMBicna n yqacTÍH tt bt»roh-
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fiapuma. „MHorie ópraHU neqaTH, — qHTaem* mu b*b napjiaMeHTCKOMx
wraert, — CTajiH Ha cjrys6y HHTepecaMi ĎHpseBUx^B AiaTejieft h 3acTaB-
juidtb njiaTHTB ceíi Ba CBoe coAificTBie ycnixy hxt, npe^opiaTift bos-
BarpasAeme, aajieno npeBHmaromee ronopapi nHcaTejifl << .Cyin l ecTByH) , nb
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398 BftOTHm
A6CJITKH BapíaHTOBl BaaHMHHXfe OTHOmeHÍft DJiyTOSpaTÍH h 6e3cofl*CTaaro
atypHajnraMa, npecjrt*yiDmHXfc ojHy h Ty se itfuib: HasHTBca Ha ciera
nyójHKH. Rb (j)opn4 o(5MB*eHÍ4 no HeoÓuiHOBeHHo Bucosony TapH$y,
pesjíairB, noADHCKH Ha cothh BBaeiinjMpoBi raseTti, npHBJíeTOHU raxa-
Tejui h ÓHpseBoro pejtaRTopa jtb hoaiihcbí npH BunycKi, <vb npaBOXi
BUHrpaTb, ho 6e3i» oÓflsaHHOCTH Tepán*, BjxiaTeibHua H3jaHÍH tícho cb*-
aaeu ci ÓHpseft. ^ase 6e3ycjioBHo nopa ao^him řasen* ne MoryrB orpa-
jhtb ceóa orb Tóro, %to6h CTOJi6m* hx*b ÓHpseBoro OTAtaa, npoTHBi
BOJiH HSxaTejui h rjiaBHaro peftavropa, He cjysHM ÓHpseBturB nnpa-
TaMi. Tojibbo bi xoHivfe nponuaro ro*a Voesische Zeitung BHHysAeaa
6biJia BiirHaTb CBoero óapateBoro pexasropa, npoýeccopaTexHOiorHqecsaro
HHCTHTyTa h aBTopa aoboabho HSBicTHoft, nepeBeAeeeofl jase Ha pyccuft
JI8HKI, KHHrH HO HCTOpÍH nOJHTHieCBOft 8KOHOMÍH, KOTOpilft OKaBaJICtf
noAKynjieHHHirb ojhhipb h8% caMuxi. cnesyuTHBHHXi óaHKOBi. Boapa-
serifl, npHBeAeHHUfl bt» pefixcTaríb dpothb-b yrojioBHaro HasasaHia
3a noaayni neqaTH h npojaxHtitf peuaxH, saRjroiajiHCB b-b tom*, hto
noHHTie n o6mmŘ aBTopcsitt roHopapi" ciHim&oiťB HeonperfueHHoe,
qToóu cjiysHTb xpHTepieirb HaBasyexocTH. B*b sanoHi oeo nodTOMy 6u&o
3aMÍeeHo noHarieirB fiuroAU, npeBHmax>ni;eft BOSHarpaatAenie sa pea»-
Hoe AtftcTBie, Leistung, npaB^a, oieHB pacTflSBMHMi nonmieirB, ho no
spaňeeft Mip4 AonycKaDmHM-B HaKasame kb KOHupeTHoars cay w&, Korja
cymecTBOBaHie no^syna jm cy^a He nojuiesHTB comhíríd.
ípyria yrojOBHua HanasaHU b-l ÓHpseBOMi sanoHonpoeKrb He bh-
aiiBajiH nowH *e6aTOKB, Tasí kslkt* ohh ojHHaROBO ojoópaaBCb npaBH-
TejiBCTBoifB h ÓojiBniHHCTBOirB napxaireHTa. TDpenHoe saicJiweHie h
bhcobíě jeHexHufi nrrpa^t rpo3HTB BOxmccioHepy, yminueaHO Aa»-
meiiy JosHHe cobíth BOMMHTreHTy hjh aicniyaTHpy»meMy ero HeoauT-
hoctb, tcoÓh cneKyjiHpoBaTB Ha ero ctoti. Tasoe se HaRasame no-
CTaHOBjíeno w fapseBHRa h ČaHRnpa, cofijrasHJiDn^aro nyTeifi pe-
KJiaiťB, DHceifB h t. n, Kt ónpseBot Hrpi jiDjeft, He hmíd^hxi ot-
HomeHÍa ki ÓHpxt. Gtojibro HeoniiTHUxi JiDAet pa3opeHH BCjiACTBie
npoA^jioBi npoÝeccioHajiBHHX-B coBpaTHTeaiet, — ^HTaeM*B bi AOBJíax^
napjiaMeHTCKO* rommhccíh, — ctoibro ropa h HH^ení oÓpymHJOCB
BCJi^ACTBie dToro Ha HenoBHHHun ceireicTBa, hto h6o6xoahiío nonuTaTtca
nojiosHTB BOHei^i cneKyjumin nyÓJiHKH yrojioBHHHH MipaMH npoTHB*
tíxi, ROTopue H3i> BOBjeqeHia bi 6apseBy» caetyjia^ro nocTopoHHeft
nyÓjiHKH crfuaAH ocoóy© npcMJ^cci©.
Mosho He corjianiaTBCfl co bcímh nocTaHOBjeHiaMH hoboA sasoHO-
AaTejiBHofi Mipu, mosho Taaae JtyiiaTB, q-ro 6upsa HažAera nyTB h
cpe^cTBa, HTo&b oóořth nojioseHHBifl eft npenoHU, ho eABa ju rto-hh-
6yAB OTsaserB repMaHCKoá ónpseBoS pe<J>opn4 bi npH3HaHÍH, ito 0Ha
HacToň^HBO h cepBesHO nuTaeTCA ÓopoTBca cb 3JioynoTpe6jieHiaMH. 3to
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XPOHHRA. — BHPSEBAfl PEfcOPMA. 399
óescnopHo HaHĎojrfce CHJibHaa nonuTsa CBoero poaa bi eaponeftcEOMi
aasoHOAaTejibCTBi. Ti, KOTopue onacajiHCB, hto peýopMa ho saTpoHeTB
cymecTBa Aija, Moryrt ycnoEOHTBCfi, onacema He hcdojhhjihcb. Jfaa
ro^a Tovy Hasaj^, Eorja hojíbhjica OTiera eommhccíh, o soTopofi. uam>
Tasí qacTo npHXOAHJiocB ynoMHHaTB: CTapnft cy^Ba Otto Bept nHcaJTB
kl Grentzboten: „HyxHo myujuwhca xysecTBy (hjih jepsocTH?) eom-
mhccíh, no3Boia©meĚ ce6i A&iaTB noAOÓHHa npejJioateHia. Kana*
crpaniHaa CHJia — ÓHpata, mosho cyaHTB no Tovy, ito oHa eiynijia noj-
tohhtb cbohvb HHTepecaHi co6paHÍe JiD^eft, noJbsyaimixcA oómecTBee-
HHMt AOBtpieMl H BUÓpaHHHXt MB TOrO, 1TOÓH HpHAyMaTB MÍpií
npoTHB^ 8Jioynorpe6ieHÍft. y>HBHTejiBHO jih, ecjin Bce (MMibine wb Ha-
pojfc pacnpocTpaHaeTCH ABHsesie npoTHBt caicaro cymecTBOBaHitf
6hp«h?*
IIpo<f>. TycTaBi Kohtb, caiťB miewb ÓRpasesoft eommhccíh *), cono-
CTasjuerB btotb ot3ubt> jeftaiuircEaro cy*BH cb MHiHÍeMT* hidhxch-
ciaro npo^eccopa B. jloma (W. Lotz), yBipaDmaro, ito npewoateHÍa
(spseBoft eommhccíh — npoAysrB pacnpocTpaHaiomeftca wb repMaHÍH
KHTaĚn^HHH, des Mandarinenthuras: bmícto Tóro, yto6h BOCOHTUBaTB Ha-
P0A1> BT> Ayxt CaMOXtflTOJIbHOCTH, BUAyMUBaBOTB HOBHH <f>OpMH TOCy-
xapcTBeBHofi oneKH, He tojibeo am npojieTapiaTa, ho yse h &&& HMy*
dthx-l. BHpsa HcnKtTUBaerb oTeqecKoe noneqeme BJiacTH bi bhaí yBe-
jraqeHÍa HaaoroBi h HasasaHift aa saoynoTpetfieHÍa, KOTopna Moryrb
ÓUTb ycTpaHeHH co6ctb6hho& HHHnjaTHBofi KyneqecTBa, Ha noqB* aBTo-
HOMÍH. x
IlHcaTejH, paacyacnaBomje hoao6ho Jlorny, saótiBarcra tojibeo, hto
ÓnpseBafl aBTOHOMia otchb qacro óbiBaja aBTOHOMíež „bojieob-b", Toh-
AeHiúfl se sasoHa 3ao»qaeTca vb oaesi mai „0BijaMH u , Ha#B Toft
HaHBHOft H HeBÍS6CTB6HH0ft HyóJHKOfi, EOTOpa* OpH HUHimHHXl, ÓHp-
seBuxi nopjiABaxi cboh c6epe»eHÍa Hecer* na Ďnpay, Tor.ua šasi
em% mícto bi cóeperaTOJiBHoS saccL
r. b.
BepjHHi, 10-ro (22) Man.
*) Ueber das Bdr^enspiel, fb JahrbUcher IUnouepa, 1895, ctp. 21—68.
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BHYTPBHHEE 0E03FBHIE
1 ídu 1896.
JKeiaTeiBHUfl nonpaBKe b*b 4>yHKnk)BHpoBaHÍH h ycipoftcTB* cyaa npucflSHHxi:
cooónjeeie npHCflSHHMB o HaKasamH, Morymem nocTnrHyrB uoAcy^HMaro — co-
oómeHie hmt> asTOBB npoHSBOACTBa — npejiocraBieHie hub npaBa xo^aiaficTBa ne-
pěji Biicoiafíme© bmctbid — yBewieHie <racia jhivb Morymox* 6htb apncjra-
hbimh — (forte upaBHiBHoe cocTaBieHie cdhckobb.— Mhhmoc „saRimeHie* npeHifi
o cy#fe npncjisHBixi. — CyaeóHafl pe<t>opMa bb Chóhph.
B*b npeAbuymHxx oóospiraiax-B Mbi roBopHJH o tíxi nepeirbHaxi
Bt ycTpoftcTBi h <J>yHRiúoHHpoBaHÍH cyaa npHcaaHHxi, KOTopua npej-
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805), HHKaBie aKTU wb HHCBMeHHaro npoHSBOACTBa npHca»HHMi saci-
l&iejuiwb ne nepe^aDTca, ho npe^ci^aTejB npe^yBiAOMjiaeTi hxi, *to
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mee wb cpe^t npncjiaHuxrb, TOTiaci »e BCTpiqaen Ha^Jiemamee onpo-
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AaHHOMy Bonpocy. Ohh B03Bpama©Tca b% sajiy saci^ama h npocaTi
Tom IV.— iDib, 1896. i 6
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XP0HHKA. — BH7TPEHHEE 0B03P&HIE. 403
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XPOHHKA. — BH7TPEHHEE 0B03P&HIE. 405
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CMarqHTB ero wb 6o;rfce 3Ha^HTejií»Hoft creneHH, xoth (5h h He ciHTajrb
BosxoasHHirB nojwepsaTB xowaftcTBo npHCHXHUXB nepe^B rocy^apeMB
EMaepaTopoMB. C% .npyroft ctopohh, vb rfex* cjyiajiXB, Roi\*a cya*
npHCOe^HHHTCfi KB 3T0MY XOjaTaftCTBy, Bep^HOTB DpHCJIJKHHXB (JyjerB
ciyatHTB BecBMa culhumi apryMeHTOMB b*b nojn>sy HcnpamHBaeMoft Mo
Hapmeft vhaocth. Roho^ho, aaae e^HHorjiacie cyja h npHcamnhixB He
Bcerja óy^era cay«HTB rapaHTieft ycntxa; ho BaaHo y«e h to, tto
npaBĎiTB xo^aTaScTBa npHCHXHue hocomhíhho fiyayrB nojiB80BaTBca
qame, liurB TenepB noaBsyeTca hmb BopoHHufl cy^B, a cb yBejaqeHieMB
o6m,aro iHCJia xoAaTaficTBB ho mosotb ho yBejHiHTBca h ^hcjio xo*a-
TaftcTBt y^OBJíeTBopeHHHxx. OhihÓoiho Óhjio <5h ayiiaTB, hto cb pac-
npocTpaHeuieMB Ha npHcaacnuxB npasa xo*aTaftcrBa, Tenept npHHa&-
ie»amaro tojibko BopoHHony cyjy, ohh nepecTaHyn onpaBflHBaTB noa-
cy^Hiraxi, BHHa kotopuxb hmíotb iHCTo-$opMajiBHHft xapaRTepB H.IH
coBepmeHHo yHHTroaaeTCJi HCRJimHTejiBHUifH oticTOATejiBCTBaMH aaH-
Haro cjiyqan. Roraa oÓBHHHrejiBHHft npHroBop* Óhjtb 6u npjwo npo-
THBeHB COBÍCTH H HpaBCTB6HH01íy HYBCTBy npHCHJKHHXB, OHH HO Hp6S-
Heicy 6yAyTB otbítotb: Hrbím, ne euH06em>; noJiB30BaTBca cbohmb ho-
bhitb npaBOM^ ohh 6yxjvb tojibko Torja, Kor^a vl bx*b raasaxi He-
COMH-feHHa BHHOBHOCTB HOACy^HMarO, HO CTOJB S6 HeCOMHtHHa H HOCUpa-
Be^JiHBocTB npHMÍHeHia kb H6Hy oómnxB KapaTejbHuxB hopmb, ycTa-
HOBJíeHHHXB aaKOHoiTB. HoacoHMB Hamy UUCHb HpHMipOMB, BaHM-
CTByeMHMB H3i cy^eÓHO* npaKTHRH. Bi 1869 r. C.-IIeTep6yprcKÍft
OKpysHofi cy^B paBCMaTpHBaai, cb yqacTieMB npncjiSHHXi, aíjio 06%
OTCTaBDOMB yHTep"B-0(|)HIiep4 BeTXOBt H KpeCTMHHHt ÝpOJOBt, no
oÓBHHeHÍD bb Kpaati, H3B 9KcneAHn;ÍH saroTOBJíeHia rocyAapcTBeHHUXB
KpeAHTHUXB 6ynarB, jhctobb, npeAHasHaHaBmUxca ajw neqaTaHia Kpe-
Ahthuxx 6HJ6TOBB (Bpasa BToro po^a HaKa3UBaeTCJi HapaBHi cb no^-
X^JIKOft RpeAHTHMXB ÓHJieTOBB, T.-6. MTOpaHOft paÓOTOfl). Bo BpOMfl
opoHSBOACTBa A*Jia oÍHapyaMocB cb uojihoh) hchoctbd, mo $pojobb
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406 BftCTHHKb EBPOnU.
AtflcTBOBajix no HaymeHi*) híkotophxi areHTOBi cbickhož noraiu h, se-
aaBfflHxi oTJiHqHTbca pacKpHTieMi BasHaro opecTyiueHitf, a Bctxobb
coraacMca yqacTBOBaTB b% Rpaacfe tojibko ooa* BjriaHieiTB HacToftw-
BUTb h npoAOJXHTejLHUXT, yroaopoBi co ctopohh $poaoBa. OapaB-
AaTB BeTxoBa npEcaseiie ho ciHTajH bo3mo»hhmí», noTOMy tto bhhob-
hoctb ero, lopHAHqecBajBi h Aaate HpaBCTBeHHaa, 6uja HecoMHiHea; bmí-
crb cb tím*, oamko, hx*b aopasHja HeotfuKHOBeHeaa oÓCTaHOBBa npe-
CTynjieHifl, 6e#b KOTopoS o hovb He uovjío 6h <5htb h pira — h boti,
ohh oómbhm BeTxoBa bhhobhhmi, ho sacxysHBaDiqHiťb nojraaro CHH-
cxosAGHia. OapysHofi cyji, pasA^uuM BsrMAfc npHCjnraHX*B, B08<5yAMB
xoftaTaficTBO o BecBMa 3HaqHTeju>noMB CMarqemH yiacra BeTxoBa (h
^pOJIOBa), H AÍ&O OKOH1HJIOCB HOJIHHMl DOMHJJOBaHieMt oóohxx noAcy-
Ahmhxi 1 ). Bo bc&xi aHajiorH^HHXi cjryqawB, — a hx-l Heuajio, — caMUMt
HopMaJiBHHMi hcxoaomi abustc* xojaTaÉCTBo nepeA* BucoiaĚnieK)
BJacTLD, HAym.ee ort tíxi caMuxi cyAefi, ROTopue pa3ptma»rB Bonpoci
O BHHOBHOCTH HJfl H6BHH0BH0CTH IIOACyAHliarO, T.-e., HO BCfcjtB &1>iaifB>
DOAcyAHHM-L cyAy npHcaaHuxt— otb caimxi npncasHiixi.
IIonpaBKH, o KOTopuxx mh roBopMz ao chxt> nopt, KacajracB
(pyHKuioHupoeaHUi cyAa iiphcjijkhhxb; oÓpaTHMC* xenepB r*b' ero
ycmpoucmey, h npeatAe Bcero k*b Bonpocy o toto, kto Mexero
h AOJ&ero 6htb npHcaaHHMi. BasHOCTB dToro Bonpoca oqeBHAea:
oti cocTaBa npncyTCTBia iiphcjixhhxi saBHCHTB, b% 8Ha'iHTejiBH0&
CTeneHH, npaBHJBHocTB nocTanoBJíaeMHxi hmb ptmeHift. 3a chjioi)
cyAeÓHLixi. ycTaBOB^, ocHOBaHiero npasa h oÓaaaeHOCTH 6htb npg-
casHUMi cjiysETB jh6o cjyateÓHHft, jih6o HMymecTBOHHHft i^eBSi.
Hocjí nepeirfiHfc, npon3BeAeHHUxi» sasoHOTO 28 anptjn 1887 r., cjiy-
aceÓHufi i^6H3i, bx cBoeMT, qHCTOM-B bha*, coxpaHeHX tojibko mul Kpe-
CTBflHB (aaHHMaBIHHX^ AOJNKHOCTH B0J0CTHEJXB CTapfflHHX, BOAOCTHHXS
cyAefi, cejiBCBHXi CTapocrB h t. n.); x^ ocTajbHuxi» cjyaamHxt hjh
OTCTaBHtixT, KpHTepieMi cjiysHTi nojyqaeMoe hmh sajioBaHBe mh ueH-
CÍA, RaRX OAHHT H3X BH^OBl AOXOAa, T.-6., RaRl HMyB^6CTB6HHUfi Q^HSl*
HaHMeete BejHRH i^ohsobha TpeóoBaHia do OTHomeHi© kb seHJieBJía-
AtjiBi^ani, ocoÓeHHO hocjií H3AaHÍa aaKOHa 28 anpiaa 1887 r. (npesAe
MHHHHajiBHafl i^H^pa BeMJieB^aAiHia, Aaioii^aro npaBo 6utb npHcasHHiťB,
6biJia 100 AecflTHHB, Tenept oHa ho npeBiimaerB oahoů ABa^niaroft
qacTH Tóro KOjHqecTBa seiuH, Koyopoe Aaera npaBo cauocTOETejiBHaro
yqacTÍA bb seHCKOMx HSÓHpaTejiBHOMi cofipaHin, T.-e. npocTHpaeTca HHorja
Ao ceMH AecflTHHt); HeBiícoR^ TaRse n,eH3*L h AJia ApyrHxt BJiajlufr-
i^bbi HeABHffiHMtixt HMymecTB-B (ctoumoctb HMymecTBa bb 2000 py6je&
J ) y Bací híti nofb pysoD cy*e6Haro OT^eia 061 stomi a*J*, mh nuneia no
naiuiTH b He nošeni nopy^BT&cji sa tohhoctb bcíx* xeTajefi.
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XPOHHRA. — BHyTPBHHBE 0B03POTIE. 407
vb CTOJumaxi, b* 1000 py(5. bt> ropojaxi c* HacejeHieMt 6oji4e da
•filMTO, B*B 500 py<$. Bt OCTMbHHM ITÍiCTHOCTaXl). HifymecTBeHHHft
n,eH3x, BupaasaDii^ificA 3B B03HarpaatAeHÍH aa Tpy^B hjih b*b aoxojí
otb RannTajia, 3aHaTÍa, penecja hjih npoiracJia, noBHinoHi wb 1887 r.
c* 200 h 500 ao 400, 600 h 1000 py6. (cMOTpa no mícthocth). B«b
tomtb se roay H3* qHcaa jhivb, Morymnxi 6htb npncaaBHHMH, hcbjud-
qeHU HeyMiomie qHTaTB no-pyccKH, BnaBnrie b% BpaňHK>» óíijhoctb
h AOManraaa npHCJiyra. CoBimaHie crapniHXi npejidtaaTeaeft H nposy-
popoBi cyaeÓHHxx naaarB BHCBasajiocB b-b nojibsy ycipaHOHia eme
AByxi> saTeropifi — mbjikhxi EaHijejiapcBHXfc ihhobhhbob«b, „npejCTaBJMi)-
mHXT* H6HaA6SHUfi HpaBCTBOHHO, HepadBHTOfl H Bt TO S6 BpeMH T6H-
AeHn;io8HHŽ ajeMeHTB b-b cocTaBi npHcaatHuxi'', h co^epataTejieft hjih
apee^aTopoFL nHTeftHHXB saBe^eHifi. OrHocHTejibHo mojibhxi ToproB-
ufim> rojoca coB-femaHitf pasjftaHJiHCB: oahh ciHTajH noJiesHura jh-
idbtb hxi> npaBa 6htb npHcaasBUMH, apyrie hb bhaíjh b*b TOMy jo-
CTaTOHHUXi ocHOBamfi. PasHorjiacie npoHsonuio h no Bonpocy o toitb,
cjrítayero jra TpeÓoBaTB otl npHcaaenxi yirfeHBa qHTaTb no-pyccBH.
Bhobb bbjdwtb vb ihcjo npHcaaBHHxi coBimaaie npeftJioaiHJio jihihb
ihhobhhbobi, BaHHMaromHxi aojnbhocth TpeTBaro h rarBepTaro imac-
coro (bt» HacToamee Bpena ohh cboÓoahh otb dtoS hobhhhocth).
rjiaBHHft HeAocTaTOBi CHCT6HU, co3,*aHHoft y^pesjerieM* cy*e<S-
huxt. ycTaHOBjeHifi h H3MÍHeHHoft, H6 ki> jiyqmeMy, sasoHOirB 28 anpiuia
1887 r., 3aKJU)qaeTaa bb tomi, ito bt> ocHOB&Hie ea noJioseHi uoith
HCKJiDHHTejiBHo HMyn^ecTBOHHHft n;eH3fc, h BAOÓaBOBt, bb Tasofi $°P M *»
BOTopaa coeAHHfierB bi ce64 tojibbo cjraóua ero ctopohu. Ecjih HMyme-
cTBeHHbiň j&BVb h pascMaTpHBaeTCJi HHoraa šasi saaorfc híbotopoě
H68aBHCHM0CTH H BÍKOTOpoft CBOCOÓHOCTH B*B 06n^eCTB6HH0Í ftliaTeJIBHO-
CTH, TO npH 3TOMB HMÍ6TCa B*B BH*y IieBBB ÓOJlte HJIH MeHÍ6 BHCOBÍfi,
noSBOJiADn^ii AynaTb, hto y ero oÓJiaAaTeaa <5hjh cpeacTBa wa npi-
oóp^TeHia oquthocth h BHaHÍft, Óhjcb h ecTB jíficyrb AJa paóoTH na
o6myD nojjbsy. D^ohsi, TpeÓyeicuň oti npHcaatHHXi, Taai h6bojihb!b»
qTO ho oóeaaeqHBaerb hh Tóro, hh xpyroro, — a hobhchtb ero eme óojibme,
aaa^HJio 6u qpeairhpHo yMeebniHTb qncjio jihi^-b, Mory^nxi 6htb npn-
caatHtiMH. BjiaAiHie hhhtoshuhi yqacTBOMi aeifjiH hjih HeÓojibniHM^
ABOpOBUMt MÍCTOMI> HO V0S6TB, OqeBH.H.HO, CJiySHTB npHBHaKOMl CO-
CToaTejbHocTH, Aase wb caMOMi cbpohhomi cmucjií cjioBa, — a sarími
He mosotb 6htb h to«oů onopu j^Jifl npe3yMni^ift, CBasuBaeMuxi (ouih-
ďo^ho hjih HeoniHÓoqHo — aro BonpocB oco6uft) ct cocToaTejibHocTBiD,
PeifecjieHHHBi, Bupyqaroniiiň otb cbohxx saHflTift, wb yfes^ hjh yh3A-
hoicb ropo^i, MeHie 400 py(5jieft b% roA^, HBJíaeTca, cnjiomb h pajoui
6o^ie ofieaneqeHHUMi, qtMi, BpecTBaHHHi, npHBynBBmifi h^cbojibbo
xecatEWb bi CBoeMy Harfuiy, hjih MimaHHH-L, nojiyqHBmift no Hacji;i-
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406 BfcCTHBKB EBPOIIU.
ctdy nojiy-pa8BajiHBmyK)ca JiaqyaKy Ba ospaHHi ropová. Mejisifi seHJie-
Baajrfejiem, KopMHTCíi, cnjiomb h papíre, ne orb 3eMJH, a orb npo-
Mticjia hjih peMecja; h cb bto6 toirh sptHia, cjr&aoBaTe«Ho, seMae-
BJiaj,4flie ee cocraBJUierb toř rapaflTÍH, BOTopyio, noBHAHMOMy, ycxa-
TpuBaert wb newb saKOHOAaTejib. ftonycBaa bi cocraBi npHCHSHuxrb
MHosecTBo junra, 6e3i» bcjjkoř npH?HHu npeanoiaraeMuxi choco6humh
kt> Hcnojraemio dToft o6a8aHHocTH, saKOHi orcrpaHaera on Hea mho-
secTBo Apyraxi, Ha canoni aiuii ropasAo 6ojri*e b* TOMy cnocoÓHuxrb.
Korja cocTaBMracB h bboahjihcb bi aiÉCTBie cyaeÓHue ycraBH, b%
cpeai specTBJíHCKaro HacejieBifl 6mo cpaBHHTejibHo Majio jiD^eň, ckojbro-
HHÓy^b nojroTOBJeHHux-B kt» oómecTBeHHofl jiaTejtoHocre, H eara-
CTBeHHUirb KpHTepieMi Taaoft no^roTOBEH Morja cjysHTb oómecrBeH-
Ha* cjiyaóa, Tenepb nojoaceme A&rb cymecTBeHHO h3míhhjoci>; Mesxy
KpeCTLJJHaMH MHOrO Ha&AeTCfl JíDWft HO TOlbEO rpaMOTHHXl, bi rbc-
HOMl CMUCJi CJlOBa, HO H AO H3BÍCTHOŘ CTeneHH 06pa3OBaHHHXl>. Mu,
KOHeqHO, He omnóeMca, ecjin oraeceM* ck>w bcíxi OEOH?HBnniX!b sypcb
bi» AByxsjíaccHoifb yrajíHiu* hjih wl HH3mefl npoMunueHnoĚ nreojrfe,
Bce paBBo, peMecjieHHoň hjih cejn>CKo-xoaaftCTBeHHo&. Hhcjo hkb pocTera
ct» Kaa^HMt roAOMi, hoctohhho yeejiHqHBaa Ty saTeropiio BpecTbHHi,
OTb KOTOpOĚ Cb 0C066HH0D BipOflTHOCTbX) M02BHO OSH^aTb OCMHCJieHHarO
oTHomema bt* sa^aiam npaBocyAia. CniunBMi oroBopHTbca: cnocoó-
humh ei TasoHy OTHomeHÍK) osaauBaiDTca, cnjonib h pa^oifB, specrbaHe
h HHqeMy ho yqHBurieca, jaae HerpaMOTHue. PasÓHpaa, AeBjm jAtl
TOMy HaaaAi* l ), saROffb 28 anpfcjw 1887 r., mu BoapasajiH npoTHBi
to& ero ?acTH, soTopaa TpeÓyerb on. npncaaBHUXi yarfcHBjj raTaTb; mu
CTapajiHCb xoKaaaTb, íto rpaMOTHocTb — a rbwb óojrfee nojiyrpaMOTHocTb
— BecbMa HeHa^esHuA npHSHaBi pasBHTia, uto HerpaMOTHue npHcas-
HH6, Bl C06AHH6HÍH C*b ApyrHMH o6n^6CTB6HHUMH 9Jf6M6HTaMH, MOryrb
6uTb— h 6uBa»TT» Ha caMOMi A&rt — BecbMa noJiesHUMH cy^bHMH $aBTa*
Tasí AynaeMi mu h Tenepb, npejjaraa oópasoBaTeJbHufi ufiiswb JiHint
Basi donoAnenie Kb cjqra&eÓHOMy h HMymecTBeHHOMy, a othdab ho Basi
hxi soMtbny. DycKaft npaBo 6uTb hpbchshumi npiypoqHBaeTca, no
npesHeMy, k-b hsbícthoA aojishocth hjih bt> HSBicTHOMy iHCJiy jieca-
THffb, JEHHIb 6H TOJIBKO OHO Hpío6pÍTaJIOCb, pa^OMl CL BTHMTB, H HHUMl
nyTOMi, BipHie oĎesneHHBaDiniHMi ^ocTHseme iv&ih... He buxo^h
h3*b AepeBHH, mu BCTpiqaeMi em;e n;iJiyK) rpynny jwtfb, hsi soTopoft
cb Óojibmoi nojitaoft MorjiH 6ti 6mtb nonoaneHU pa^u npHcasHUxi sa-
ci^aTejieft. 9to — ywrejM HaqajibHuxi niBOjrb (seMCBHXi, ropoACBHxrb 9
mepKOBHO-npHXOACKHXi h A?.), KOTopue, no hhhí AÍftcTBy»meMy sa-
BOHy (yqp. cyji. ycTaH. ct. 85 nyH. 9), BOBce He BBJínqaDTca b* cnHCKri
') Cm. „Bhjtp. 05o3p*BÍe ft bi^6 „B*cth. Espona" sa 1887 r.
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XPOHHKA. — BHyTPEHHEE OB03MHIE. 409
npHOHJBHHXi). Pasyiraoe ocHOBaHie AJia Tasoro HCKJiroqeHia mh MoaeMt
ce6t npe^CTaBETB TOJibKO oaho: HeyaoÓCTBo OTpuBaTB yiHTeaa otb sa-
HflTifi, jm KOTopuxt y Hero, vb orpoMHOMi (fojbniHHCTBi cayqaeBt,
H-frTL BaMÍCTHTeJía. H6JIB3H CRaSSTB, OJHaEO, HTOÓH BTO Hey^OÓCTBO
6iuo ocofieHHO bombo: bíab ceccin npHcaaHHXt b*b yia^HOM-L ropo**
pijKo npoAOJaaeTca čojrfie 2 — 3 aneft, h nepepuBi solehtiPi Ha ctojib
KopoTKoe Bpevfl, pas* bi ABa hjih TpH ro.ua, npoxo^HJit 6u &jia yqamHXca
6escji%AHO. BecBHa Jierno. npiiTOM-B, 6ujio 6u h BOBce H36iaaTB nepe-
puBa, npH8UBan yiHTeJieft HaiajBHUX'* nisom ki> oropaBiieHiiD 06a-
saHHOCTeft npHcaatHaro 3aciji;aTe.ia jhedl b-b EaHHRyMpHBie irbcai^u.
IIpaB^a, sHa^HTejiBHo 6bJihm&x qacTí, yqHTejieft HaqajBHHxi mROjra
nojtyiaroTB MeHie 400 pyóaefi vb roji, h yae no BTony o*HOMy t npH
aMctbíh HuaŤ,fflHflro sasoHa, ne atoryro 6htb npHCasRnHMH; ho mu hb
BHflHlfB npHHHHH, DOHeMY HeJTB8H 6UJL0 6u OCBOÓO^UTB y^HTejefl — BaBfc
h Bcfcx** Booóme noJiyqnBHiHX^ o6pa80Banie Bume HaqaaBHaro — otb Bca-
Karo HMyn^ecTBeHHaro n,eB3a hjih, no MeHBmeft Mtpi, B03BpaTHTBca mh
hhxt> Ei npearaefi MHHHMajiBHoň Hopiffc Aoxojia, T.-e. kb 200 pytoain..
IIojťB 3Ty hocjiíahdk) HopMy noAOiMH Óu, RpoMi HapoAHUX-B y^HTe-
jiefi, h Apyri* jnma, 6e3cnopHO He MeHie cnocoÓmiA 6htb npHca»HHMH,
qini> óojibinHecTBo mojikhxi peMecaeHHHEOBi h seMaeBjíaAiiiBijeBfc—
Hanp., sencsie <j>eaiBflinepa, ynpaBaaioiuie HeóoJiBmHMH hit&híhmh, apeH-
AaTopu HefiojiBfflHxi y^acTEOB^ aeujivi. He cjrhayerB saÓHBaTB, q-ro
ueH3i,, saBoň 6u oh*b hh óhjtb— HiiymecTBeHHHĚ, coiyaeÓHHft, ofipaao-
BaTeabtítiň, — HHKOMy ee aaeTfc aÓcoMomnato wpaea Ha 3BaHÍe npnca*-
Haro. Kto yjoBjeTBopaera hsbícthhmi i^ohsobhmi TpeÓoBamaiťB, totb
BRjiDHaeTGH b*b o6vi%ů cnHCOKT. npHcaajHHxi, ho hs* oómaro CDHCKa
b*b onepednoií nepeHocaTca tojbko rfi, EOTopuxi oco6aa bomhhccíji
HaixerB chocoÓhhmh, no HpaBCTBeHHHMi hx*b KaiecTBaifB h Apy-
rHifi npHqHHaMi, hchoahhtb o6«3aHHOCTH npncaaHaro saci^aTe^.
PacinppeHie spyra, hbt. EOToparo MoryTi 6htb HaSHa^aeMti npHCASHue,
Be npe^cTaBJWierB noBTony HHiero onacHaro hjih pncKOBaHnaro; Ha-
npoTHB-B Tóro, oho oÍJierHaeTB npiHcsaHie aeu^, ho tojibeo npednoM-
UKMUVb CnOCOÓHHMH, HO ^tfiCTBHTejIBHO CHOCOÓHHXt 6u?b npHCJi«HHMH.
TopadAO npaBHJiBHie HCEJiD^aTB, H3-L qncjia npHcaácHHX-B, npeACTaBHTe-
jcefi HSBtcTHHXi npo^eccift, Hanp., co^epaaTejieft h apeH^aTopoBi eh-
TefiHuxt saBe^eHifl 4 ), níwb jno.neft, eotophm^ He xBaTaerB HtcEo^B-
khx-l pyfijieĚ ao npoHBBOJiBHO onpeA^JieHHaro n,eH3a.
1 ) Kt HHCjy TaKHx-B npo<|>eccifi e^Ba-iu cnpaBexiHBO othochti npcxteccho Baeiie-
xapciaro TOHOBHHEa: yMCTBeBHOMy pasBHTÍD ohe, KOHeqeo, He cnocoóCTByerb, bo hh-
Kasoro nflTHa Ha 3aHHMai)mHxca e» ho Haiaraen. BsiD^eme hih HeBucneHie sae-
nteiJipcKHxi hhhobhhkobi Kb hhcjo npHCJimBHix^ xojxHO ÓHTb, do HameMy mh^híd, npe-
AOCTasjeno ycnoTpÍHÍD kommhccí&, cocTaBJHv>n(Hxi oiepegHHe chhckh.
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410 BftCTHHKb EBPOUIÍ.
He OTHHMaa npaBa 6htb npHcaaHHifB hh y oahoí hs-b rjiaBHHXi
rpynni>, sa kotopumh oho npHSHaHO AiftcTByDíímiťB sasoHOMi, npHCoe-
XBMaa Bfc HH1TB, C*B 0£HO& CTOpOHH, HerpaMOTHHXl KpeCTbJIHt, ÓHBIIIHXB
BOJIOCTHUMH CyABaMH, BOJOCTHÍJMH CTapiHHHaMH, C6JIBCRHHH CTapOCTaMH,
OB ApyroS CTOpOHbl — BCtXT, OEOHIHBIHHťB BypOB Bl AByXBJaCCHOlCB HJIH
paBHOMt eny yHHJiHmi, bcíx-b 3aHHMa»nmxi> noaoJBeme, Tpe6y»mee
h3b%ctho& CTeneHH AOBtpia, npeAaaraeiiaa HaHH CHCTeMa Aaera bt> pac-
n0pHS6HÍe KOMMHCCÍŘ, COCTaBJIÍIDllJ.HXt OiepeAHHe CHHCBH, AOCTaTOlHO
MHoro^HCJieHHufi h AOCTaTo?HO padHooiSpasHBiĚ BOHTHHreHTi npHcaa-
hbixi. CaHfflKOMi caa6o npeACTaBaeHHOi MoaeTL oKasaTBca, rhvb He
MeH-fce, Ta o6m;ecTBeHHaa rpynna, hsi BOTopoft o6hkhob6hho BHÓHpa-
iotcjí cTapniHHH npHCASHHXi — rpynna aiDAeft, noayiHBmHXfc Bticmee
hjih cpe^Hee oÓpasoBame. CnocoficTBOBaTB ea yBejmeHi© (homhmo ne-
peHÍHT> b-b nopxdKtb cocmaeAenifi chhcbobi, o botophxx mu 6jMfiWh
roBopHTB HHse) Moatera, 663% comhíhíh, HairfcqeHHoe coBimameiTB
CTapmnxTb npeadMaTejieĚ h npoBypopoBfc pacnpocTpaHeHie hobhhhocth
Ha aojshocthlixi> anm TpeTBaro h rarBepTaro KJiaccoB-B, TenepB on
H6fl HBiaTHXV, HO TaBHXfc JIHI^B CpaBHHTeJÍBHO H6HHOr0 9 Bfc OCOÓBHHO-
cth Tam, rA* Bcero omyTHTeaBHie ee^ocTaTOK^ o6pa30BaHHuxi» npn-
casHHX-B, T.-e. b% npoBHHi^iH. Topa3AO Óojrfee saMiTHaa nocaiACTBui
iioraa 6h hmítb Apyraa pe$opMa, HanpaBaeHHaa k*b tož xe ivfcan. Do
AfcftcTByDmeiiy sasoHy (yqp. cyA. ycTaH. ct. 85 nyH. 3 h 4) ne no*-
aeaarB BHeceHÍK) b-b cdhckh npHcaaHHXfc, Meauy hpohhm-b, qaeHH cy-
AeÓHiraB m&ctb (kpomí DoieTHHX^ mhpobiwb cyAefi), cyjeÓHue npa-
CTaBa, HOTapiycn, JiHiia npoRypopcBaro Ha^sopa h nrraTHHe *hhh cy-
AeóHUXB h npoBypopcKHXi KaHijeaapia. B*b neifB zaBaimeTca npn-
uHHa dToro H3iaTÍa? B% tomi, hto cy^efieue qHHU hb AoasHH 6htb
oTpuBaeMU, Ha hícbojibbo AHeň, otb cbohxi nocToaHHiix-B saHATift?
E a Ba- jih: nepepuB-B saHjmft npeACTaBaaerB 6óaBmia hjih Meramia He-
yAOÓCTBa h am AoaatHocTHHXt jhi^b ApyrHXi bíaomctbi, KOTopna,
o^HaKO, npH3HBaK)Tca bi qHCJio npHcasHuxi. C-l btoě to^bh 3piaiji
mosho 6hjo 6íj cA^JiaTB HCBaroqeHie pa3BÍ wa tíxi» aai^i cy^eÓHaro
B^AOMCTBa, BOTopua, jrfcftcTBya eAHHoaHqHO, He hmíboti 3aM^cTHTeaefi^
a c au bia Ai^ia, hm-l BBipeHHHa, qacTo npHHa^aesarB b^ qHCjy He-
Tepnao^iixx oTaaraTeiBCTBa. TaBOBH, HanpHMipt, mhpoboA hjh ropoj;-
CEoft cyABa (ecaa ohi oahh-b Ha i^iaHfl ropoAt), HOTapiycB (npH Ha-
aHHHOCTH Tóro «e ycaoBia), cy&e6nuŘ cJii^OBaTeiiB. H ohh, o^Haito,
ybdsaiDTi b*b OTnycK-L, ÍHBarorB 6oaBHH hjih dBCTpeHHo 3aeaTU (Hanp. f
MHpoBoft Han ropo^CRoft cy^Ba — bo BpeMa bh^ahoS cbccíh OBpy«Haro
cy£&) — h A*Ja otb dToro He ocTaHaBJíHBaroTca, HHTepecu caya6u h
qacTHUxi Jinwb CTpaAaiorB He canniKOMi cnaBHO. íaeHOBi soaaeriaaE-
hbixi cyaeÓHHXfc MtcTL h ahi^b npoRypopcBaro Ha^sopa, hsi boto-
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XPOHHKA.— BHyiTEHHE? OB03PBHIE. 41 1
pint RaatAHft, wb naacAy© AaHHy» MHHyTy, Moaeix 6htb saiiiHeH*
ApyrHiCB, BHmenpHBe^eHHoe cooópaaeme bo bcjiroicb cayqai ne Ka-
caeTCfl BOBce. 3aTÍun> ocTaeTca npeAnoao»HTB f q-ro HecoBMicTBHMH Vb
HcnoJiHeHieMt oóasaHHocTefi npHcaasHaro cyAeÓHHH <j>yHRijÍH npn3naHU
no caMOMy ceoeMy ceoucmey, HapaBHi vb noiei^eftcRHVH. MeatAy tími,
DOJfHi^eftcKaií AtaTejibHocTB bo MHornxi oTHomemaxi npaMo npOTHBO-
BOJoatHa cy^eÓHoS. &&& nepBoft AOCTaToqno npeAnoJOJRenift h noAoapi-
híé — nocaiAHaa HysAaeTca b* AORaaaTejBCTBaxi h nmflTb yBipeHHO-
cth. OraHHHTejiBHHa qepTH nepBoft — ÓucTpoTa, pfcniHTejiBHbcTB, oTcyiv
CTBie KOJie(5aHÍft; OTjHqHTe«HiM qepin nocjrfeAHeft — octopojkhoctb, pas*
6opiHB0CTB, ofiAyMaHHOCTB. UoJHn,eftcKOMy qHHOBHHKy, 6cjih6h ohi no-
najfB Kb qHCJio npHcaatHHxi, caiAOBaao <5u, npe»Ae Bcero, saÓHTB bcí
cboh npHBHqra h npieiíH; Nin cyABH h Aaae a^a npoRypopa, oqyraB-
maroca b*b tomi se nojcroseflia, bobco ho ny»Ha Tanaa BeyTpeHHaa
jioMKa. BeacnopHo, npo<J>eccioHa*BHaa ©pHAHqecRaa aíhtgjibhoctb bh-
pa6aTUBaerL, bt> 6ojibmHHCTBt cayqaeBi,, H*ROTopoe npe^y6i»AeHÍe
no OTHomeHÍD ki noAcyAHiiHMT*, HiKOTopoe paBHoayraie no oTHomeHiio
Vb A&J&WB — HO OTptniHTBCa OTB TOrO H ftpyrorO CpaBHHTOJIBHO JierKO,
pas* ito H8MÍHHjiacL cpe^a h otfcTanoBRa, CKaateifB óojrfce: BRjroqeme
cy^efi h npoKypopoBi vb qHcao npHcaaeux-B ho tojlko ho npeACTaBMer*
HHsasHxi cyn^ecTBeHHUXi HeyAo6cTBT>— oho BecBMa sejiaTeJibHO, Rasi He-
aairfcHHMoe cpoactbo nosHaROMHTB aoj»hocthuxi» jhhtb cyaeÓHaro bí-
AOMCTBa co BsrjiHAaMH npHCJjmHtix-L, vb BaeqaTJteiflMH, rotopm ohh
bhhocato hbi cy^eÓHaro saciAania, ob ^opuavR, Bt rotophx* crjul-
AHBaeTca hxx yfósAGHie. CyABaMx, no&JBaBniHMi b-b cocTaBi npHcaa-
hhxi, ca^juuiocb 6h (JoJiie acno, Ha qTĎ Hyaoo o6pamaTB ocfióoe bhh-
MaHie npHcaaHHXi, qero ayqme RacaTBca jinnib cjierKa, htó noHHwaeTca
c% nepBaro caoBa, htó TpeÓyen óojiie noApoómjxi oÓxacHeHift. Dpo-
Kypopy, npomeAineiiy qepe3Tb tot-b ae HCRyci, aerqe 6hjio 6h npHHo-
poBHTLCJi k-b pasjHqHUMx cocTaBaH^ npucjiHiHUxi, jerqe 6ujio 6u
jl&Tb ce64 oTqera b*b HanÓojiie n.tjecooópaaHOMi cnoco64 Be^eHia
^-tia. Mu 6ABa*JiH omnÓOMca, ecaH CRaaeM^, qTo npoRypopt, hcboji-
HaBinift o6asaHHocTH npncaaHHXt, óojbine 6yjera npH^aBaTB 3HaqeHÍa
cy^eÓHOMy cjíactbíd h MeHbme — cyAeóHUMi npeHian^, ptae óy^en
BOspasaTB npoTHBX upeAOCTaBJíeHia noAcy^HMOMy bcíxi BoaMoaHUxi
cpeACTBi onpaBAaHia, TmaTejibHie fiyAeTi HaótraTB jiHqHHxi npepexa-
BÍfi Vb 8amHT0ft H ptSKHX-B BHXOAORl DpOTHBl DOACyAHMarO. HeJIBSa
He noaaJÍTb, no dTOMy noBOAy, ^to bt> cqhckh npecasHiixi sact^a-
Tejieň TaRi p^ako BRjnoqaroTca npnca»HHe noBipeeHue, xoth 8aR0Hi>
h ho ycTaHOBjíaerb, b*b 8tomt» oTHomeniH, HHRaRHXi orpaHHqeHift. Ecjih
hítb ocHOBaniň npeAnojaraTB, qTO npoRypopi, nonaBinift bi qncjia
upHCasHuxi aaciAaTejieft, óyAerb cTpeMHTBca, bo hto 6u to hh CTajio»
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412 DftOTHHttb EBPOmi.
kt» o6BHHeei» noAcyAHMaro, to hIíto, tohho TairB »e, noBOja AynaTB,
qTO npHcaaHufl noBijpetfHuft, hchojihhh o6a3aHHOCŤH npncasHaro, ue-
npeMtHHO cTaHeTt ^oMoraTBca onpaBaaTejBHaro npnroBopa. C*b mui-
HemeMi nojioaceHÍfl h pojin Eem6%&uo mwhnaeTCň h o6pa3i» jcfcficTBifi;
cosHaBaa h qyBCTBya ce6a cy^Beio, hobojibho ocBoóoaaaemBca oro npie-
MOBl, yCBOeHHUXl B^ KaqeCTB* CTOpOHH. ECJHÓU, Bl HCBJIID^HTejIBHIJXl
cjiyiaaxi, opoKypopi hjih npHCASBiift noBtpeHHHft h BHecB b*b
HcnoJiHeHie o6fl3aHHOCTefi npHca»Haro sadtaaTeju CBoe npoýeccioHajfónoe
HacTpoeHie, ohi HenpeMiHHO bctpíthjtb 6u oTnopi co cropoHU cbowb
TOBapHffl;e&, BOTopuxfc BOBce ho twb JierKo yBJíe^B bx Ty mh Apyry»
spaftHocTB, KaKi> 3to Moaero noRasaTBca cb nepBaro B3rjna.ua.
,Hjih Tóro, qToóu b*b cocTaB* npHcasHHxi, sacfcaaTejwS bxoamh,
DO B03M03KHOCTH, BCt CHOCOÓHHe KTb HCnOJH6HÍK) 9T0ft 06fl8aHHOCTH, He-
AocTaTo^Ho pasABHHyTB paMRH 3aKOHa, onpefliuiaroinaro noJiomHTeJiB-
Hua h OTpni^aTejiBHua ycjWBia, kotophmx aojhrhh yAOBjíeTBopaTB npff-
caaniie: HeoóxoAHHO eme ofiesneqHTB nojraoTy oómnx^ cdhckobt, h
npaBH^BHoe cocTaBjeme oiepeAHuxi. ítoÓh AocTHrHyTB nepBoft, cyme-
CTByeTi oaho o^eHB npocToe cpe^CTBo, aaBHo yae HaiiiqeHHoe b-b
oíjxjwiúajiBHHXfc c^epaxi, ho noqeMy-To ocTaBjreHHoe b^ ctopóh* hob6JI-
jiaMH 1884 h 1887 r. 9to cpe^cTBO— Bosaoaeflie Ha Raa^aro, HMto-
maro, no sasoHy, npaeo 6htb npHCtfSHHMi, oČMannocmu saaBHTB o
tomt yqpesjeHiro hjih JiHijy, Be^ymeiiy cooTBiTCTBeHHyro qacTB oÓnjaro
cnHCKa npacaaHHXi sacfi^aTejieĚ. B% HacToanjee BpeMa He ycKOJiB-
aarorB oto BKJiioqeeifl b*b oCmift chhcobi, npn cKOJiBKo-HHÓyAB BHHMa-
TejíBHOM^ ero cocTaBjreniH, rfe JiHija, ROTopua Moryro 6htb npHCJis-
hhmh no CBoeMy cjiyjKeÓHOMy nojioaeHÍK) hjih ho BJiajimro He*BH»H-
MOK) C06CTB6HH0CTBD, HO yCJltflHTB '3a BCÍMH OCTaJIBHHMH, T.-6. 3a BC&MH,
npaBO KOTopax-B Ha 3BaHÍe npHcaatHaro oÓycjroaiHBaeTca aoxoxoicb,
npeBumaion^HifB BSBicTHyro MHHHMajiBHyi) HopHy, — spa&He TpyaHo, bt>
Óojibhihxi ropo^axi Aaace hotth h6B03hosho. Bereme 9Tofi qacra 06-
maro cnHCKa npHHaweaHTB, no 3aK0Hy (yip. cy^. ycTaH. ct. 89 n. 4),
HaqajiBHHRy ytsAHoft hjih ropoKKoft hojihi^íh; Rasi se eMy 3HaTb, qeĚ
Aoxoj^b npeBumaeTO, neS He upoBumaero 400 pyójefl? KoHeqHO, Kaat-
iiuft HMteTB npaBO z&HBjínTb o HenpaBHJBHom HeBnecenin Roro-jiHÓo
k% oómift cnHcoRi, ho Ha6jnoíaTB, ncnojiHaiDTB jih Apyrie cboh rpaac-
^aHCRia oÓjreaHHocTH, y HacB He b-b mojí*, aa h r-b co6cTBeHHOMy CBoeMy
AOJiry 6ojibhihhctbo oTHocHTca aobojibho 6e83a6oTHO. Paši hto saHBJíe-
Hie o nponycKŠ He oÓ^saTeiBHO ajiz canoro nponyra;eHnaro, oniHÓsa, sa
p^ARHUH HCRjiíoqeeiflMH, ocTaeTca nencnpaBjíeHeoBO. ^pyroe A*Jio, ecjiH
He3aflBJieHÍe Óy^eTi npnsHaHO npocTynROM-B, HaRaayeMUMi (Rasx sto
npe^nojiarajiocB bi 1884 r.) apecTOM^ hjbíh jeHeaHUMi nrrpaýoM^; moji-
qaTB p^maTca Torjta pa3B* HeMHorie, noTOMy hto BecBMa nenpiaTHo
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XP0HHKA. — BHyTPEHHEE OBOBPfcHIB. 413
B6 tojilko upHBJíeqeHie kb oTBiTCTBeHHOcra, ho Aaae co3Hanie era
B03M031HOCTH.
CocTaBjeflie oómaxt chhckobi— paóoTa dohth MexaHHiecsaa; Kaa-
Aaa onraÓKa, 3A*bcB AonymeHHaa, Moaera, npHTOMi, óhtb HcnpaBaeaa
bi» cji.H.yDín.eň HHCTaHitfH, T.-e. at kommhccíh, cocTaBJiaDin;eá osepeA-
Hue cbhckh. TopasAO TpyAHie saAa^a 3to6 kommhccíh; otb Hea aaBH-
chtl onpeAtjeeie ho tojbko »pHAH*ecK0il, ho h HpaBCTBBHHoft komho-
tohthocth Ka&A&ro OTA^bHaro JHn,a, Morymaro 6htb npHSBaHHHMB kb
HcnojiHeHÍK) o6a3aHHOCTefi npHcaaHaro saciAaTeaa — h ophtomi onpeA*-
jieHie, óoJLbmev) lacTBio, óesanejuaijioHHoe, TaKB KaKT> aajioBaTbca
mosho TOjbKo Ha BKaineHie, a ho Ha HeBKj^qeeie vb oiepeAHoí chh-
cok-b. MHoroe, oqeeb MHoroe saBHCHTB, ohbbhaho, otb anqHaro cociaBa
kommhccíh, o6ycjoBjHBaeMaro, bi» cbod oiepeAb, mícthhmb cyAeÓHo-
aAMHHHCTpaTHBHbíMX ycTpoftcTBOMB. Jlfl pe<j>opMH 1889 r. I^eHTpi TA-
S6CTH KOMMHCCÍH *6SaJ[B Bl CpeA* MHpOBHXB Cy^efi; TOflOpb OHB D6-
pemeAB ki» 3eMCKHMB HaiaabHHKaMB. Ecah hxi bt> y$3A*& ho mohíb
ceMH, to hmb, bmíctí cb npe^BOAMTejieMt h HcnpaBHHKOMB, npHHaA-
jieauirL a6cojiK)THoe Óojimeuhctbo bb kommhccíh (npeACTaBHTe-ieft cyAeó-
Haro B*hj,oMCTBa bb Heft Tpn, npejCTaBHTeaeft ropová h seMCTBa —
njiTb). Bb KaKOMx HaupaBjeHÍH bto aojukho bjiíatl Ha a*«t6jilhoctb
KOMMHCCÍH — HOHATHO CaMO COÓOK). Ile Ó63nOJ63HO ÓHJ10 6h, KOHO^HO,
yjF&IHlHTB 3HCJ0 HJ6H0BB KOMMHCCÍH OT1 36MCTBa, a TaK&6 OTB TO-
po^a; ho cymecTBOHHaro noBopoTa kb ayqmeMy h 3A*kcB mosho o»h-
AaTL TOJibKo Tor^a, Kor^a HSMiHHTca oóm.iň xapaKTep* MicTHaro
yapaBJíeHiij. íímb MeHbme mosho pasc<iHTHBaTb Ha npaBHJibHocTB a**-
CTBÍĚ KOMMHCCÍH, TÍMB BaJKHfo perjaM6HTHpOBaTB HXB, HaCKOJIbKO B08-
mosho, noxosHTejBHUMH yKa3aHÍaMH saKOHa. Em,e bb 1880 r. npeA-
nojarajiocb hphhhtb sa npaBHJio, sto bb oiepeAHHe cqhckh aojijkhh
óbiTb BUKraaeMH, wb hsbícthomb npoijeHTHOMT. oTHomeHÍH kb o6m,eMy
HHCJiy npHcasHuxi AaHHoft mícthocth, jínila, noJiyMBinia Bucmee,
cpe^Hee h 3aTÍMB xotb KaKoe-HHÓyAB o6pa30Bame. Ki cosaj^HÍK), sto
npeAHOJioseHie hb aojiy^HJio chju saKoaa. AaajiorflqHbifi oópasx aíř-
ctbíA peKOMOHAyeTca kommhccíhmi bx pyKOBOA^n^eMi pimeHÍB IIpaB.
CeHaTa (no o6meMy cofipaniK) icaccan,. a-tobi 1880 r. Jé 33); ho pe-
KOMeHAai^ia h nojoaiHTejibHoe npeAnncaHÍe saKOHa — AaaeKo ne oaho h
Tose, wb oco6eHHOCTH BorAa Ha npaKTHKt saMi^aeTca CTpeMJieHÍe yMeab-
niHTb THsecTb hobhhhocth mu óojiie AOCTaTO^HHxi, a cji^AOBaTeJibHo,
roBopa BooÓnje, h Óoaie oÓpasoBaHHUxi waccoBB ofin^ecTBa... Bcero
sjmae 6uao 6h, 6utb Moacerb, cocTaBjaTb HicKOJibKo cdhckobx, MeatAy
rotopumh npHcasHiie pacnpeA&iaJiHCB 6u no CTeneHH oópasoBaHÍa, cl
TÍMB t qTOÓH BB COCTaBl npHCyTCTBÍa bxoahjeo BasAuft pa3B, BX H3B^-
cthomb npoueHTHOMi oTBomeHÍH, no HtcKOJbKy ani^B H3B KasAaro
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414 BftCTHHKfr EBPOIIU.
cnHCKá; HHa^e Moaerb cayiHTBca, tto no oAHOMy j^kjj wb corcara
upacyrcTBia BO&iyrb bcí HajaqHbie oópasoBaHHíie juoj^ií H3t qHCia
npacaafluxi, no ApyroMy— He BolUerB hhbto hsi hhxi.
HasaBia nepeniflu b*b ayqmeiiy bt» nocTanoBJíemaxi, onpeAfcaaiD-
m,HXi> npaBO u oťíasaHHocTB 6htb npHcaaauiťB, h b% nopaAB* co-
<yraBjieHÍa oómaxi h osepeAHHx* cdhckobi npacaaHHXi* 8ac4AaTe-
aefi, ho npHBeAyTt kt> aeaaHHofi ijíjih, ecia fle óy^erL o6e3aeqeflo a*S-
CTBHTeJibHoe HcnojHeme iiobhhhocth, ycTaHOBJiaeMo& 3aKOHOMi. BecBMa
i$jiecoo6pa3HH nipH f npoeBTapoBaHHua ut> dTux^ BHAaxi C0BÍmaHÍeir&
CTapmHXx npeACBAaiejiefi u nposypopoBi. *Ito6h BoenpenaTCTBOBaTb
Aojishocthuhi aai*airB*yBJioHaTBca on» Hcnoraema oóasaHHOCTeĚ npa-
caanaro, coBimame upnaBajio HeoóxoAHMUMi. saóJiaroBpeMeBHO h3bí-
maTb HaqajibCTBO o iHHOBBHKaxi, BHeceHBHXfc bx oiepeAHtie cohckh,
h Tpe6oBaTb TOTHaro oóo3Ha*eHÍa npe^MOTa u cposa BOMauAHpoBOBt h
oco6bixi» nopyieHiŘ no eayaói, BHCTaBaaeMHXfc Basi npeu&TCTBie &i>
aBsi Ha cyafc. Oho BHcaasaaocb, AB^te, bi nojib3y ycaaeaia niTpa^osi
3a HeaBKy h peBOMeaAOBaao npoaypopcBOMy naASopy cepb63HyiD 6opb6y
€b JESHBUMH H <j>HETHBHHMH CBH^TejIbCTBaHU O 60JÍ3HH... íilTB CTpO&e
TpetfyeTca HcnojmeHie bsb^cthoA o6a3aaHocTH, tím* Óojibme AOAaHa
6biTb rapaHTHpoBaHa bosmoshocts ee hcuojhhtb. 3aB0HB 1887 r. ycxpa-
HHJTB H3X ÍHCJa npHCaaHHX-B JIHDVb, „BnaBfflHXl Wb BpafiHDID 64a-
H0CTb tt ; ho aBHTbca, bi Ka^ecTBi npacaaHaro, b*b óojiie hjh uewhe oT^a-
jreaHuft ropoA^ u npoaaTB Tam hícrojibbo Aneft hjih HOAiaB — Taae jo
H6 W OAHHXfc TOJb&O COBepmeHBHXl ÓiAHflKO BTb. HCXOAB H3*B 3T0ro
7<5iaA6HÍj^ coBimame CTapniHxt npeAciABTejieft h npoaypopoBi Bucsa-
sajiocb sa npeAocTaBJíeHie npHcaaHUMii-KpecTbaHaifB B03HarpaaAeHÍa
H3T> aeMOEHXi cpeACTBi. Mu AyMaeMTb, sto 9to B03HarpaaAeaie aojijkho
<5ilTB 0TH6C6H0 Bfc ÍHCJiy OÓMameAbHttOrb SeMCBHXl pacxoAOBT> H HTO
npaBO Ha ero nojiyqeme cjrfcAysrB npasHaTB He 3a oahhmh tojbbo
BpecTbaHaMH, a sa BcasaMi npacaaHHifB saciA&TejieiťB, fiesi pa3ja«iÍH
^ocjiobíř h cocToaHÍfi. J^ocTaToqHbiHTb pysaTeabCTBOMi bi tom-b, hto npo-
€htb o B03HarpaaA6BÍH ÓyAyra tojibbo Ai&CTBHTejbHO HyaAawmieca,
AOJiaHa cjiyaHTb yMipeHHocTb B03HarpaaA6HÍa, pa3C4HTaauaro tojilbo
Ha nospuTie caMHxt hooÓxoahmuxi pacxoAOBi.
Hawb ocTaeTca pascMOTpfrrb eu^e oahhi Bonpoct, uMiKnn.ift Becwa
cepbeBHoe 3naqeuie: o cnewaAbHum npacaaHHXi. OuaraeMi ero ao
Apyroro oóoapiHia.
Oahh-l H3B HOBOMBJíeHHbiXb „pe^pMaTopoBi" cyAa npacaaHHxi,
r. 3aBpeBCKÍft, HanenaTaji-B bi „IQpuAH^ecBofi TaseTt" paAt CTaTeft,
oíarjaBJíeHHuxt 6oji4e npeTOHi^iosHo, hím*b tohho: „Bi saBiJD^eme
npeHiň o cyAi npHcaaHuxi". Ilpema no Bonpocy, cToas ójihsbo aaipo-
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XPOHHKA.— BfiyTPEHHEE OB03P&HIE. 415
rHBa»meny Hmepecn npaBocyaia, e^Ba-an kto-m6o npHSHaen, yae
TenepB ^sasjíD^eHHUun" hjih HcqepnaHHtiMH; ohh npeupaTaTca h to,
BipoaTHo, TOJiBKo Ha BpeMfl, padBi Tor^a, sor^a npHB6A6HB 6yA6TB
kb kokuj nepecMOTpi cyAeÓHHXB ycTaBOBB. MeHie Bcero npH3BaHB
8aiUIK)?HTB* HXB T. 3anpeBCKÍft, &0 CHXB HOpB, OTOBHAHO, H6 CB06OA-
hlíě otb anqHaro pa8Apa«eHÍa, nocayaHBinaro hcxoahoS towoř ero
HanaAORB Ha cyAB npHcaatHHXB. Ero npoAoaaaeTB tpoboshtb mhcjib
o BaKHXB-To „sanncHHXB jH)6HTejwxB a dToro cyAa, „a&Actbíh kóto*
puxB ho BcerAa coraacyioTCH cb ptiaMH hxb, B036y«A&H)ii^HUH 9 oAHaso,
cepAaa hxb HaHBHUXB hokjiohhhkobb oóoero nojia" (?!). Ohb npnrjia-
maeTB 3THXB „JiBDĎHTejiefi" „oÓHasHTB cboh raija"; ropaaAO npom,e
6My caMOMy HaaBaTB hxb no hm6hh h ynasaxB, Káni* dmůcmeis hxb
se corjacyioTca cb hxb piiaxH. HepeÓHpaa uucjieHHo „sanHCHHXB
•iKtóHTeaefi" cyAa npHca&HUXB, KOHeqHo, hsb racjia HaniHXB hsbíct-
hhxb cyAeÓHtixB Ai^Tejiefi, nu ho moskoiib npanoMHHTb hh OAHoro,
KOTOptlĚ cKpuBajica 6u doab MaCKOÓ, — OHH Bet 3ain;nmajiH h san^Hn^aioTB
cyAB upHCAasHuxB coBepmeHHo otkphto.
BecBHa opnrnHajiBHU cooópaatema, no sotopumb r. 3aKpeBCKÍó He
aaxorbjíB npHHHTB y^aaria bb npeniflXB c-neTepóyprc&aro K>pHAHie-
csaro o6in,ecTBa o cyA* npHCASHHXB. n ft ho npHÓtuiB bb 3acÍAaHÍa
oómecTBa, — roBopHTB r. 3aKpeBCKift, — npe»A© Bcero noTOMy, *ito ho
qyBCTBOBajiB noTpeÓHocTH bb h6Mb-jih6o h npeAB kímb-jhóo onpaBAU-
BaTBCfl. JI,a KpOMt TOTO A 3HaJB, TTO HHROro S TaMB yÓÍAHTB H6 MOrB
H3B qacjia HHorHXB dmysiacTOBB, coópaBmHxca AJfi apocjiaBjíeHiH hh-
CTHTyTa npHCHflSHUXB, h bb rjasaxB KOTopuxB caMbie asHAKie aoboau
b*b nojiBay HHCTHTyTa npio6piiajH sHa^eme orpouHiiXB BcecoRpymaio-
ngaxB 6o6buxb opyAió— BospaacaH, HysHo 6hjw 6u Ha?aTB ab ovo.
.S/luaTB dTo mh* npeACTaBJWJiocB HecooTBfeTCTBeHHUXB; paBHUMB oflpa-
80MB HapymaTB eAHHOAymie AOHOHCTpaiuH, saAyMaHHoft BHAa»mHiiHcji
pyccsHHH jopHCTaHH bb nojBsy coBpeMeHHoft $opMu npncjisHaro cyAa,
ÓHTL BaKHMB-TO trOUble-féťOHB, KaKOBO-TO MyXOH) BB CTaRaH* BHtfa, a
He xoTÍJiB a . HiaKB, r. 3aspeBCBÍft BwbeTB ^apoMB npeABHA*HÍa:
oflB SHaiB sapaHie, hto bb sac^Aamn lopnAH^ecsaro oÓn^ecTBa &bsltch
OAHH TOJIbKO 9 3HTydÍaCTU a , ĎOSyCJIOBHO npeAaHHHO C0Bp6M6HH0ft 4>opM%
cyAa npHCHSHHXB, h íto nperiji o Heft npHMyTB xapaaTepB a AenoH-
cTpan,ÍH u , HanpaBJíeHHofi bb ea nojiBsy. KpoMt r. 3aRpeBCBaro, dToro
He SHaJIB HHKTO. Bb CHOI^iaJIBHO-IDpHAHqeCKHXB HSAaHÍflXB HOHBJUí-
jiHCb, oAHa 3a Apyroio, CTaTBH, HanpaBjíeHHUJi hpothbb n coBpeneHHoŘ
4K>pHH CyAa HpHCJiaBHUXB tt , nOflBJIflJIHCB BB HHCJIŠ OTHIOAB HO H6HB-
nieMB, h4mb cTaTBH bb ea samMTy. IIpaBAa, npn coBÍm,aHÍH cTapmnxB
npeAC^A&T6Jieft h npoKypopoBB BHaiHTejiBHoe 6ojibhihhctbo BHCBa3ajiocB
sa HHHiniHee ycxpoScTBO cyAa npHcaatHuxB; ho bía* cb tíxb nopB
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416 BfeCTHHKTi EBPOntl.
npomeji-L n,ijitiň roA*, bi npoAOJiaeHie KOToparo umbhho h pa3urpa-
jiacB arHTai^ia npoTHBt 9Toro ycxpoficTBa. O BnewwrfcHiH, ero npoH3Be-
AeHHOMt, o CTeneHH pacnpocTpaH6HÚi ea, b*b cpeA* bophctobi bosmoshh
6hjih tojibko AorajUKH. Ilpn TasoMi nojroaeHÍH A^Jia nocTanoBKa bo-
npoca o cyAi npHcaatHBUťB bt> DpHAHHecKOMfc o6m,ecTBÍ Moi\ia hjíítb
tojibko OAHy iiíuib: BcecropoHHee pa3MCHeHÍe A^a, nyTeM* ctojikho-
B6HÍa npOTHBOHOJIOSHUXl MHŠHÍft. Pa3CqHTHBaTB Ha n AeMOHCTpan k ii) a
b% nojiB8y coBpeiieHBoft <j>opMH cyjia npHCHatHHX* ho 6hio pimuTeabeo
HMKaKHX^ OCHOBaHÍS. ECJIH AeMOHCTpaijia, Ha CaMOMl a***, apoHSOHLoa,
to dTOHy cnocoócTBOBajKb HM6HH0 cjmhikomi ocTopoatHuň odpasi A$fi-
CTBÍft DpOTHBHHEOBX, ÓJHCTaBfflHXt CBOHlťB OTCyTCTBÍOlfB HJH MOJI^a-
HieifB... JIbacb bt> 3acÍAaHÍe h npHHaBi yiacrie bt> npeoiaxB, ohh
Óhjih <5h npHHaTH He KaK* trouble-féťii, a KaKi> sejiaHHue tocth —
acejaHHue b-b oco66hhocth ajix tíxtb, kom; npunuiocB 6u BUjepsaTb
HXfc HaTHCBX. Hh Wh IQWb H HH Hep6A% ŘÍM* HVB H6 HpHHUIOCB 6bl
onpaBAWBaTBca, otb hhx*b osHAajiH 6u tojibko Aaj^Hifimaro paBBHTU
B3r;iJ3AOBi>, BucKasaHHUXi bi> ne^aTH, h oTKpoBeHHHX* HanaAOHiS Ha
T63HCH H AOBOABI AOK^A^HKa H ero COK)3HHKOBfc. ECJIHÓH 3TH AOBOAH
oKasajiHCB „shakhmh", tím*b jene 6mo 6h hxi> onpoBeprHyTB. Bo
BCflKOMB COÓpaHÍH 6CTB KOHTHHreHTB KOJ^ÓJIDmHXCa JlfiOAeÓ, rOTOBUXfc
CKJOHHTBca Ha CTopoHy noóŠAHTejieS— T.-e. Ha CTopoHy tíxi, hbji ap-
ryMOHTai^ifl A0Ka3aTejiBH4e, apne, cnjiBfffce. Kto BipnrB bx cbod npa-
BOTy, totb ho MoseTB, cjiÍAOBaTeju>Ho, sapaHie cquTaTB óopBÓy 6ea-
HaAesHofi; am Hero HpaBCTBeHHo-o6a3aT6jiBHa nonuTRa otctostl csoe
uwbme. 3actAaHÍe yqeaaro oÓnjecTBa — He BOÓHJieftHoe TopaecTBO, Ha ko-
TOpOM*B HeyMÍCTHbI AHCCOHaHCH, CDOpB ABJMQTC3. 3AÍCB HO „MyXOD B*B
cTaKaet BHHa", a canuMB bhhomi — sajioroMi abasohU h »H3HH.
BospasaTB r. 3aKpeBCKoiiy no cymecTBy, bt> BHAy Bcero CKasaHHaro
bi> HamHXB npeaHHXi oóosptHkxi, mu c^HTaeMi HOHyaHHMB; otmí-
THMl TOJIBKO HÍKOTOpUfl H6T0HH0CTH H CTpaHHOCTH 61*0 apryM6HTai^ÍH.
ycujieHÍe penpecciH cyaa npHcaaHuxTb, o KOTopoMt cBHAiTaibCTByeTB
cTaTHCTHKa, r. 3aKpeBCBÍft npHnHcuBaerB saKOHy 9 ídm 1889 r. 9 h3*b-
flBmeMy h3*b B^enia hphcjishhxi hmohho rfe aíásl, no KoropuMi ohh
Bcero name npoH3HocHJiH onpaBAaTejiBHiie npHroBopu. Me»AY vbwb
upoueHTHoe oTHomeHie oĎbhhhtojibhhxi npuroBopoBi, HanóoAte HH3Koe
bt> 1883 r. (56 y 6°/o), CTajio noBumaTBoi yse bt> dojiobhhí bocbmh-
AecATBixi roAOB-B h b% 1889 r., KorAa aíSctbío HOBaro saKOHa oÓHapy-
sHBaTBca em,e ho Morao— aohijio ao 63°/o (b-b 1890 h 1891 r. 66%).
RaTeropiH npecTynjieHifi, hsmthxx hsb bía^hía npHcaaHUXt, aobojkho
MHOrO^HCJieHHH, HO B% KaSAOĚ KVb HHXX ^HCJIO KbjTb H6B6JIHK0, H yS6
no TOMy OAHOMy bt> pe^opn* 1889 r. hojib8a HCKaTB hh eAHHCTBBHHaro,
hh Aaae rjiaBearo o6*bach6hía ycHjiHBmefica penpecciH. Topa3AO (Jójib-
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XPOHHKA. — BH7TPEHHEE OB03FÉHIE. 417
mee sjuame moto osasaTB, bt> btoicb oTHomeHÍH, 3aKQHB 1884 r., orpa-
HH^HBnrift npaBO OTBOAa npHca»HHXB h ynop^AoiramiA cocraBJíeHie
cdhcbokb... Hto jCHJieHie penpecciH, caiio no ceói botoo, octb 6esy-
cjoBHoe 6jaro — btoto hhbto, bo Bpemi nojteXHKH o cyAi hphcjmbhiíxi,
He yTBep»AaJťB, h r. 3aspeBCKoiiy He 6uao HHsaKoŘ HaAofaocrH npn-
boahtb, bi AOKaaaTejiBCTBo npoTHBHaro, cioBa HanojieoHa I-ro. Mu »e-
juuih 6íj BHaTL, oahbbo, coraaceHi jih r. 3aspeBCKifi cb ochobhod mhcabd,
BupaseHHOD HMnepaTopoMt? HanojieoHi> HaxoAvra, <rro rt Axa agchoth-
qeexaro npaBHT6JU>CTBa ropadAO BuroAffbe hmítb a&bo cl npHcasHUMH,
*4mi ct> cyAfcaMH, BoropuMH oso íieHte pacnoiaraerc, h KOTopiie scerxa
óarie cuohhh oKasuBaTB eiiy H3BÍCTHaro po^a npoTHBOAft&CTBie; camifl
ysacHua cyAHJHma hmíjh npHcaacHtix-B". Boji&e Boni»mefi HenpaBAH
H6JIB8A ce6i h npe^CTaBiTB. Kto osa8HBajrb npoTHBOA*&CTBÍe ^ecno-
THSMy Kapia I-ro — npHcaatHbie hjih cyABH sbísahoě najmu? Ecjih npn-
caaHue BpexeHi IaKOBa Il-ro aanaTHaaH cefia &6ctoboctbh), to pasBi
niaBHHMl BHHOBHHKOMB 6H H6 6uJVb KOpOBHUft CJ&ba A se 4 M Í>P e & 8 '*?
Pa3B* He Bt jtohaohckhxi npHcaatHUXB Hanua, HaBOHe^, nperpaxy
Bojura peasi^iH, sowa Hxt cyAy 6hih npeAara comb enHcsonoBi aHrjH-
KaHCKofi n,epKBH? Pa3BÍ npHCHSHiie 6hjh opyAÍHMH cyAeÓHHxi mo-
aíéctbi, 03HaMeH0BaBfflHxi> OTMiHy HaHTCKaro a^HSTa? Pa3Bt bi napjia-
MeHTaxi, ocyAHBinHXt Kaaaca h Jla-Bappa, sadMajiH npHca»Hue? Ecjih
AecnoTHiecsoe npaBHTeibCTBO ueHBme pacnojaraera cyABaMH, ^ím-l
dphchshbimh, to noneiiy ase BpeueHHoe TopsecTBo Aecnorasiia Bcer/ia
u bosa^ bjiobjio sa co6oe> BpeiieHHyH) hjih ?acTH?Hyi> onriiHy cyxa npn-
CJSHtTCB (npHDOMHHlťB np6B0TaJIBHU6 Cy*H BpeHOHl peCTaBpai^ÍH H
cHtmaHHHe cyju b* Aenaópi 1851 r.)? noveny nepeAana npocryn-
zowb neqaTH bb bía6HÍ6 npHca»HHX*B BcerAa h bosá* 3BaneHOBajia
co6ok> yBejraneBie cymíH cboÓoah, BOTopou muBsyeTca arpaHa, h Ha-
oóopoTB? KoioccajiBHud co4)H3mb, BucsasaHHiiň HanoaeoHOifB, mo»ho
OtíXJICHHTB pa3BÍ BOCnOHHHaHÍ6MX O napHSCKOHX peBOJBOIíiOHHOMB TpH-
óyHajit; ho b4a* ecjH ci ýopMajiBHoft tohkh 3pÍHÍa aBTopaHH CMepT-
butl npnroBopoBB h 6ujlk sa^cb npHcaatHue, to* eacToain,HMH hxb
BHHOBHHKaMH JIBJUIJIHCB HaSHaHBHHUe OĎBHHHTeJH H CyABH. Bce^BTO,
6es% cohh^hía, h3b4ctho h r. 3aBpeBCKOHy — h mu aaTpyAHBeucB no-
hjitb, wa qero euy noHaAOÓHjiacB ccujisa Ha pinB HanoJieoHa I-ro.
ToBopa bb npeAHAymeMB o6o3pÍHÍH o bb6A6Híh cyAOÓHoft pe<f>opMU
Bt Qh6hph, hh Bupa8HjiH cosaji%HÍe 9 vro Ha btoř oKpaHHi Poccíh,
KSLVb H Ha HÍKOTOPHXB APyrHXl, H6 DpHSHaHO B03MOaHUMB AaTB MÍCTO
cyAy npHcasHHxi *). OrpaAHo 6hjio ysnaTt, qTo 3to orpaHHieHie ho
l ) HpHBOJUI nOXpOÓHOCTH p6(|>0pMH CO CJLOVb „MOCBOBCKHXI Bt^OMOCTeft** (T6KCn
Tomi, IV.— Idjib, 1896. 27
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418 BfcCTHHKB EBPOIIH.
npHHaijeatHTL k% racjiy .noaroBiraux*. rocyxapcTBeHHuft cob&to, m-
xoa£, »hto pasBHTie CHÓHpcKaro spa* sa nocjrftXHie rojil HjerB bto-
peA*B Ďhctphmh maraMH", npHSHajrb, tpo „bi HexajieEOHi ĎyaymeMi
HacTynHTB 6htb MoaerL nopa, sor^a npexcTaBHTCH bobmojkhoctb ycTpoHTb
cy** npHC&sHuxi, ecan He bt> 66ií>meň tocth GhÓhph, to xora 6h bi
aanaAHUxx ea ryóepHiax*" (cm. „PyccEia Bíjomocth", Jé 146). Pe-
aai^ioHHafl neqaTB cjunnsoMi noToponnjiacB nosxpaBHTB Cflónpb cb H86aB-
jemeM* orb m, Tarorinomaro Ha#B EBponeScEoS Poccieft, CMnreoMt
noroponniacB npoBosrjiacHTB, hto cy^eÓHaa opraHHsaiÚH, flaHHaa Chóhph,
„óojr&e coBepmeHHa", híhx cymecTBy©maa bt> KopeBflHxx pyccRHXi
oóJiacraxi (cm. nepejOByro cTaTbeo bi Jé 147 „Mocbobckhxi BIiaomo-
CTefi a ). Mhhmo6 „coBepmeHCTBO* 0Ka3UBaeTca HejtocraTKOMi, ci roto-
puiTB Bticraee rocyaapcTBeHHoe yqpe»jeHÍe mhphtch jchihb Ha BpeMa.
OcTaeTca HajtfMTBca, hto AOBepmeme pe$opMH He sacTaBHTfc saaTb
ceóa Tasí se AOJiro, šasi caMaa pe<J>opMa, h KOCHeTca, npHTOMi, He
oahoě tojibso sana^Hofi Chóhph, ho h boctoihoA: MpsyTcna* ryóepHM,
Wjibmaa qacTB EHHceftcEoft, 3a6aftKaaBCKaa oóaacTB eABa jih vl vewb-
HHÓyAB ycTyna»TB, no CTeneHH pasBHTÍ*, ryÓepHiwB toÓojibckoí h tom-
ckoě... Ecjis no Bonpocy o cyni npHcaatHuxs* TocyAapcTBeHHuft Gob^tb
orpaHHqajca yBasameMi Ha BosMOSHyD ójhsoctb ayímaro Óyjymaro,
to apyroe ocHOBHoe Haqajo cyaeÓHoft pe^opMti, He MeH*e BaasHoe, eMy
y^aJocL otctoatb Bt HacToameMT>. MnHHCTepcTBO bocthhjh npexnojiarajio
AonycraTB ajeh Ch6hph HiKOTopua h8*bhtíh H3i> o6m;aro npaBHJia o He-
cM^HfleMocTH cy^efi; rocyjapcTBeHHuft Cobítb He Hamejra kt> TOMy jo-
CTaTOHHHx-b ocHOBaHiň. Hmohho bi Chóhph, no ero mhíhíe), „ho tojibko
sejiaTejiBHo, ho coBepmeHHO HeoóxojHMo bhjítb cyaeft bt» noJOseniH
BOSMOSHO HeaaBHCHMOMX", TaiťB EaE*B HM6HH0 TaMfc „BdijCTBie H3MBHa
yKOpOHHBfflHXCa npHBHieKB MM^IOTB MÍCTO CTOpOttBÍfl BjriflHÍH BT> Ca-
muxx fflnpoKHxi* pasMfcpaxi". GaMocToaTej[BHOCTB cy^ei cocTaBJíaerB,
no mhíhíd TocyAapcTBeHHaro CoBŠTa, „o^ho hsi caMHXi Haftesiraxi
pyqaTejiBCTBi ÓesupncrpacTHaro OTnpaBjeHia npaBocyAw, a bmíct* cb
rbwb h oaho H3i> oaBHUxx ycjEOBíi npaBHjiBHaro cyj(oycTpoficTBa a .
9th rjiyóoso bíphlijí cjioBa hosbojijidti HaAfcíTBCH, tto npHHi^Hni He-
cmíhaomocth cy^eň ocTaHeTCH HeBpexHMUMi h npn o6meMi> nepecMOTpi
cyAeÓHHXi ycTaBOBi.
PaspimeHie cpaBHHTeiBHo MajioBasHHxi A*JfB BosjíoseHO bi Chóhph,
šasi h bi ApxanrejiBCEoft ry6epHÍH, Ha MnpoBuxt cy^eí, HasHa^aeMiixt
8aiosa 18 nají n noiieHn» cocraMeaú ÍDEBcsaro oóospimji ho 6hj* ene pacnyóra-
KOBain), mh noBTopuii hxi onraósy: OKpyxHHXi cjiowb wb CsÓips QfTBpHBaerca Be
onTb, a Bočeni (spoirl HaBBaHHHxi Haim— ene n Aejtckí, BjaroBimeHďb h Biexh-
boctokí), h kl ospyry aasaecEofi cy^eÓHoft najara npHíHcaaeTca, hsb chÓhpckhxi ry-
6epoi4, tojuko oxHa TOÓoifccwui (a ee tomcww).
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XPOHHKA. — BHyTPEHHEE 0B08P*HI£. 419
MHHHCTpOMt BOCTHII,ÍH H BCnOXBBDIIlBXl, BB&CT& Vb TÍM*, 06fl8aHH0CTH
cyaeÓBHXi cir&*OBaTeaeft. lípa nepBOflaiaJbaoM% o6cysjeBia sasoHo-
npoeKTa o CHÓHpcxoft cyxeóaoft pe^opiffe npexeTaBBTeieirb MHBHcrep-
GTBa BHyTpeHHHxi jtfurb Botóysxeflo 6mo npexnoxoseaie o bb6A6híh
bx Catiapn 36MCBHXI HaqaJLHBEOBi, soropue COejHHHJlH 6u cl aaBt-
XUBaHieux íijaMH specTbaBcsaro ynpaBieeúi orapaBienie npaBocyAin
no Bctift A*aain>, HenoxcyxHHiTB ospysHOMy cyjy. npejnojoseflie bto,
OTE KOTOparO OTBaSaiOCB BnOCjri*£CTBÍB CaUO MBHHCTepCTBO BHyTpeHHHXrb
A&n, 6ujo npH8HaH0 „He BHAepsBBaDniBM , b BBBMaTeibflaro h 6es-
npHCTpacTBaro paaóopa", no uib&ytowjswb cootipasefliaiťb: „bi ochob*
yqpesAema seMCEnx* aaiaJbBBBOBi jiesarB mhcjil cjtfuaTb jyqniHxt
npeACTaBBTejieĚ noirbcTBaro ABopaacTBa xpaBBTejutXB HBpa b nopajpca
Vb CeJIBCKHXt MÍCTBOCTBXfc. Bfc ChÓHPH B0 TOJbBO nOMiCTHOMX jbo-
Pbbctbí, bo jase ofo ABTejuareaTBoirb seKjieBjíaAiBÍB hítl b noMBBy
h, cTajio 6htl, vb pojib 36BCBBXI BaiaxbanBOBi — cyxeň Cl BeCBHa
oóniHpHOK) cy^eÓHo-BopHAHqecKOD KOMneTeHfl,ie», — Moraa 6h aBBTbca
tojilko npBnurae BCBaTejiB xoxsaocTeň, jase 6esi oópaaoBaTejiLHaro
n,6H3a, BJEB TÍ Se M&CTfltie aAXBBBCTpaTBBBiie 1BB0BBBKB, EOTopue B
rrenepb ae Bceraa BurojBo aaaBJuuorB o ce64 b-b AOJisaocTaxfc oicpys-
hhxi BcnpaBBBBOBi b seMCEHxi. sactaaTejiefi'. CaMo oo6ok> pasyuiieTca,
hto 3TBMB j;oBo,naMH se yóiatAaeTca peaKijioBBaa neqaTb, bi rjiaaaxi
Boropofi cyjieÓHo-aAMHHHCTpaTHBHBia yqpeacAeaifi, cos^aBaua b*b 1889 r.,
aBJUiDTca bocjiíabbmi cjioBom rocyaapcTBeaBoft Mv^pocTH, Bcerjja h
seaxh OABBaaoBo npairfeBBMiurb b OABBaaoBo ÓJiaroTBopBuifb. „Mocbob-
CBia Bíaomocth* oieab saxirorb o Catiapa, jramaeiiofi n qpe3Bbiqa6Ho
ivíhhmhxt* aaceaeaieiťb y^pesjeflift" — yipesaeaift, soTopua ycnim
yae npaaecTB „npeBocxoABne peayjibTaTU b% ryGepaiaxi nepucKofi,
BflTCBoft, opeHÓyprcEoft, no cbohm-l ycaoBiaMi BecbBa cxosbxi cl b4-
kotopukh cHÓapcKHMH oóaacraMB". CxojcTBa ycjioBift, yKaatiBaeiiaro
mocbobcbod raseTofi, nu bo OTpaijaeirb — ho obo npBBowrb sacb vb
npauo npoTBBonoJiosBOMy 8aBJM>?eBÍE>. Ti se cautiB ocBOBaaia, no
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roBoparb, vb flanraxi rjaaax-L, npoTBBi cyn^ecTBOBaaia BX*b wb He-
ABopaBCKBXi ryóepaiaxx eBponeícEoft Poccíh. r^i bíti noMtcTHaro
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mHXi ero npe^cTaBSTejieft Kb oxpaaeaiio napa b nopa^aa bi ceiL-
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420 BfcCTHHKB EBPOIIU.
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HaMH DO^epEHyTafl, CTaHOBHTca coBepmeHHO otobhahoíL Bo bcabok*
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mo nu Óuao urb naimm oKpawto* („Mockobckía RMohooth", & 147).
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Bi> Typen,Ko& ApMeHiH, no o^HiuajibHHifb cooómeHiaifL IIopTH, bo-
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o KOTopoi no 0ÓHKH0B6HÍK) aBRyparao cooÓmaKvn, aHrjriftcBie soppecnoH-
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422 BOCTHHK/L EBPOHH.
hhh.haghtb, H6 hm$jdhuJí cam no ce64 ÓoABinoro SHa^eHifl. KaBacB
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osHAaHHoe Hana^eHie npouSBejio noHJiTHoe BaMimaTejiBCTBO. DlecTB My-
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h yMepjBHJiM oma, xaTB h peóeHEa; Aaoe Afrreft cnacjracB, h sop-
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h paHOHo mecTB. Bi TeneHie ho^h 6hjio pasrpaÓJieHo TypsaiiH eme le-
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yarfeMx oahh-b xpncTiaHHHi (5ujťB yÓHra KHHaajiioMt bi RaJte-RannccH^
h ABoe xpHCTiaHi yMepn^BjíeHO cojiAaTaMH 6AH31 óapaBos^ ropová. Coi*
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uepe^-B caxfiWB npHÓUTieiťb 6pHTaHCsaro 6poHeHocn,a „Hood°. Y6h-
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XPOHBKA. — HHOCTPAHHOE OB03P*HIE. 423
CTBBJíeHfc Wh H606X0XHM0CTB OÓopOHJSTBCJI OTB TOJIDU MycyjIBMaHfc H
nm sepTBOD npoHcmeAinaro CTOJUtHOBeHia, o qeirB yMouqaao Typeu-
soe AHnjoicaTH^ecKoe cooómeHie. , Times" cnpaBe^JiHBo ocM$HBaerB BTy
Maaepy o^HiiiajBHaro saMajraHBaHÚi h H3Bpam;eHÍa $ aKT0Bl > ocotfeHHo
Kor^a KbxQ Kacaerca íffecrHocreft, hmídd^hxi HenocpejCTBeHeiia Teje-
rpa4>Htia CHomema cb EBponoE).
Ha Kpnrfe Bce cdoboího, do yB^peHÍD IIopTU, h b* to se BpeM
caMH Typeiuti* BjiacTH H3Btm;aK)rB o pimeeiH IIopTbi oTnpaBHTB 16
óaTaaboeoBB Boftcica jwa ycMHpeHÍ* rphtahb. Koro se óy^yra ycMapaTB
8TH 6aTaJi>0Hbi, ecjfl Ha ocrpoBi Bce choboSho? HobíiS ryóepHaTopB,
AÓAy-ua-nama, TOTqact nocjrf* CBoero npiisAa, nooaajiB Tpn tucjwh
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&tb dBcne^Hi^ifl AOCTaraa CBoefl u,íjih. TypKH noTepjMH okojio 75 qeao-
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CTpaTeraqecKie nyHKTU b*b aanaAHoá qacTH ocTpoBa h oÓbbbhtb ocaAHoe
noaoseme. MycyjiBMaHCBie oóuBaTejm BOopyseHH h aaoAHO cb cojua
TaMH „yciupjuDra" kphtotb, t. e. sryra AepeBHH, rpaÓart h yÓHBaDTB
SHTejiefi. MesAy t*mi>, cb o^HiuajiBHofl tohbh spima Ha KpHrfc Bce
cnosofiHO, ecjH ho ciHTaTB ropcTH peBOJiniuoHepoBB, či KOTopuMH pac
npaBJADTCji BoficEa. Typei^Boe oocojibctbo bb IlapHsi HaneqaTBJío bt>
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6jih3b MtcTeqKa BysojHCB. CHomeHia cb mícthoctbmh KaHeH B03cra-
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npoHaomia cTnqica MesAy TypeasHui otpuaoitb m mafiBOE) HOBcraHneBi,
BOTopaa 6uaa paaÓHTa h pascfcAHa. H&BOTopue HOTaójiH hsi xpHcriaHi
JiBHJHCB K% MÍCTHHMB BJWCTBMB, íTOÓbl HMOHeMl CBOHX1 eAHHOB^p-
newb oTpe^BCA otb cojuuapHocTH cb saqHHn^HBaHH óeanopaABOBi h
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aapcTByen* bb Kauei h bb 0KpecTH0CTaxx a . Pbaomi> cb btoA Tejie-
rpauuoD neqaTaeTCA oahbbo Apyraa, nojyqeHHaa cb octpobb KpHTa
qepesi BiHy: 9 A6j(yjua-nama oTnpaBHJB b*b oBpyri Kh^ohíh híckojlko
6aTajibOHOBB, Boropue cosrjiH mícthuh ^epeBHH. To se caMoe CA^iaHo
wb Khccbho. HacejeHie óixajio bb ropu u . 9to HasuBaeTCB, Ha o$$h-
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424 BfcOTHHE* EBPOHLI.
coatHraJH bcí xpHCTiaHCEÚi cejieHLa, BCTpiqaBmiaca hm*b Ha nyra, h
njiaHfl bhaho 6hjio ct> BoeHHtix-L EopaÓJieft, CTOflBniHxi b*b raBaHH
KaHen. BoficKa AaBHoHMOCTH ROpOHHOrO M Dpeo6pa80BaHÍH, pa*H
coxpaH6HÍB oónjaro eBponeftcRaro MHpa, — BonpocB Rpaitae meKOTjiHBuft
h TflrocTHuft juh OTroHaHCRHXi narpioTOBB. Hnqero dToro He ÓHJIO 6h,
ecJHÓu AHOJioMaTia no6yAMa Typiý© ocboóoahtbcji otb ópeneHH ynpaB -
J6HÍA KpHTOMB. TO S6 CaMOO HaA*exaJIO C^tjiaTt H 0TH0CHT6JIBH0
Typen,Koft ofaacrH, HaceaeHHoň apnaHaMH. Kb cosaji^HiE), eBponeft-
csaa AHAJioMaiifl, npHBtiKinaa noAaBaTB cboA tojiocb h A*ňcTBOBaTb
Ha Boctorí otb hmobh Bceft npocBtn^eHHofi EBponu, ropas^o 6oaie
oaaóoqeHa B3aHMHUMH cqeiaMH Ra6HHeTOBi» h Aase coo6pa»eHÍ«MH npo-
CToro caMOJiDÓia, q^MB o6m,HMH HHTepecaMH opo^Haro MHpa h noTpeó-
HOCTflMH Č^ACTByOII^HXB HaceJCHÍfi Typei^RHXB 86H6IB.
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CTH H8BtCTHUfl pe(JK)pMbI BB ÁHaTOJlÍH, T04B0 TaRB XO, RaRB BCAR06 BO-
oóme sacTynHHHecTBO sa xpacnaHCRÚi oÓJiacTH Typn,ÍH onHpaJiocB h odh-
paeTca Ha nocTaHOBieHÚi napHSCRaro TpaRTaTa, nociaBHBmaro OTTOMae-
cicyi) HMnepiro hoab oxpaHy bojihrhxb eaponeScRHXi rocyAapcTBB. ?to
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430 BftCTHHKl EBPOflU.
se BUmjio H3i» npoj.ojimHTe^bHtixt neperosopoBt h xoAaTatcTBi o Ty-
peiíKHit pe^opMax* bi» ApMeHÍH? Mosho CRaaaTB, qTo Bce ocTajocB
no dapoMy b*b apMaHCRHXX oRpyraxi, nocjrb onycTomema MHoraxi
M^CTHOCTeŮ H HCTpeÓJieHia fffcCROJIBRHXfc AeCATROBl TUCJWB SHT6J6Í.
QO CTaTHCTHqeCBBM-B A&HHUMI, C06paHHHlťB 4>paHIl,y3CKHMH h 6pHTaH-
CSHMH KOHCyjiaMH, aMepHRaHCRHMH MHCCÍOHepaMH H RaTOJIHTOCRHICB XJ-
xoBeHCTBoarb, b*b asiaTCKBXi npoBHHi^iaxi TypitfH HacqHTHBaeTca He
MeHie noJiyMíLMioHa qejioB-bKt, ob seHniHHaMH h a*tbmh, nocTpaAan-
niHXx ott» TypeniROĚ pacnpaBti h HyaKAaromHXca b*b caMOMt HeoóxoAH-
momi; HHom TucaqH hs-b hhxx ocTaaHCB Óesi spoBa h mimn. JIohaoh-
ckíž ROMHTerB BcnoMomecTBOBaHia noTepniBniHMi apMaHaMX, no#B upeA-
ci^aTejBCTBOMi repijora BecTMHHCTepcaaro, co6pajn> orojio naTHAOCOTH
Tucjiqt <f>yHTOBi> CTepjiHHroB-L (ao nojiyMHjijúoHa pyÓJieň) wa pacnpe-
A*JieHia Me*Ay HaaĎojiie HyaAaromHMHca C6mbamh npa ÓAHJBafimeiťB
yqacTÍH ÓpHTaHesaro nocja bt> KoHCTaHTHHonojrfc, capa $Hjranaa KeppH,
h ero mícthhxi areHTOBi. lacTHa* ĎJiaroTBopHTeiiBHocTB, oco66hho
aHrjrificRaa, A^aerB crojibro mo»6tb; oHa BpeMeeHO ofaerqaerB 64a-
ctbúi nocTpaAaBfflHxi, ho oHa He b*b CHJiaxi oóeaneqHTB TypeiiRHXi
apMAHfc ot*b AajBHifiniHXTb nocaraTejiBCTBi h yjiyqmnTB o6mee no.no-
seHie xbjLT* bt> Kpai. IIocjiiAHee ótuio saAaqero AHnjoMaTÍH, h 9Ta aa-
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exBa aoóhmcb Tóro, itoÓh Bt 3eňTyH*fe, soTopuft Tin;eTHo oca&AajfH
TypeijRia BoficKa, HasHaqeHi óujii xpncTiaHCRift ryÓepHaTopi, sas^
oóiímajia IIopTa npn neperoBopax* ci HHcypreHTaMH, qepe3i> nocpe*-
ctbo KOHcyjioB^, o6i ycjioBiaxTb cAaiH 9Toro nyHKTa TypeijRHMi. Biia-
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paRTepi rocyAapcTBeHHaro cTpoa h yapaBJíeeia HMnepiH, h tími He
MeH^e BonpocB o pe(})opMax'B cepBesHo o6cy»AaJica ao tíx^ nopi, noKa
ero ho CAaJiH b*b apxHB*. JIroóonuTHie Bcero, qTO HiKOTopue hsi no-
jiHTHqecRHXi AiaTejiefi EBponu, Rasi, HanpHMipi, aBCTpo-BeHrepcsift
MHHHCTp*B HHOCTpaHHUXl xbjťb, npXMO VTSLBHTb Ce6t Bl SaCJiyry 9TO
coxpaeeHie neqajbBaro status quo Ha Boctorí.
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ni.HXt wb OTTOMaHCBoň HMnepiH. TasHiTB oópasoMi DopTa npnrjia-
maeTCfl ca&J&tb to, nevo OHa He bt> cHjaxi cjijiaTB, h noAoÓHoe npn-
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432 BfcCTHHRt EBPODBI.
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npHAeTCJi hoctohhho cnacaTb Eapony orb boěhu no cbooí co6ctb6hhoě
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jierao npH mhpojwÓíh apyrax* saHHTepecoBaHHHXi rocyAapcTBx, n6o
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Wfi&, npH KOTOpOM* 0(MI8aTejlbHO BOSHHKaOTb iyTb JIH H6 BaSAIlft TQKb
onacHua nojiHTH^ecKia ocaoshohí*, yrpo«a»nua oómfiuy eBponeicsoMy
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xoBcsaro HM&erb Bb sanaci cTapoe HcntiTaHHoe cpexcrBO hjh, sipnie,
cjiobohro — status quo.
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— co6jiioM,eme HHTepecoBi h bíhoax caMofi Ahuiíh, Tau saicb saBtAH-
BaTb A*aaMH EBponu ohh ho ynojiHOMoqeHH. JIopAb CoJbcóepH — xmhjio-
MaT*b no Bcefl CBoefl nponuoft AtflTejbHocTH h no o4>4>Hn,iajbHOMy CBoeny
n0J0»6HÍH), SaSl MHHHCTpi HHOCTpaHHbIXb xtjrb; npHTOMb OWb KOH-
cepBaTopx h ^ase rjiaBa aHrjii&csaro EOHcepBaTH3Ma,— h OAHano hhbto
ho HaaoBeTx ero paóoMb TpaAHi^iž. Ohi oxpaHHJii Typn,ÍK) h npaBa
cyjiTaHa, nosa 9to 6hjo bt> HHTepecaxi ÓpHTaHcxofi HMnepin; ho, bo-
nepBuxi, ohi HHKor^a ho bobboahjii coxpaH6HÍH status quo Ha cto-
aeHb o6m,aro h H6H3MÍHHaro npHHi^Hna, a Bo-BTopuxb, om> otbpob6hho
cTapajiCH HSBJíeqb H3b saHaTaro noJiosema Ha Boctokí sasúi-HHÓyxb
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XPOHHKA. — HHOCTPÁBHOE OBOSPfcHlE. 433
peajBHua Burojbi ujísl cbobě CTpaHU. Elo apMflHCKOMy Bonpocy ob*b ro-
TOBB ÓIIJfB jtflĚCTBOBaTB DpOTHBX IIopTH p&316 H 9HeprH*H4e ApyrBXfe
AepaaBt, itoÓu aoÓhtbch nojrosHTejBHHxi ycTyno&i> btb nojtray Mfmo-
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CBHX^TejibCTByDTi o6i> oniHÓoqHOMi. hjih HaacHOMx Bsrjuut Ha aa^aiH
npaBHTeJUBCTBa bi> MeaAyHapoAHBixi jiiiaxiu Bcasoe npaBHTejibCTBo
o6flaaHO 8a6oTHTBCA o tom-b, HToén aaTpaTH, Kh&*euu& rocyAapcTBoifb,
ho nponaAajiH AapoMi, ttoóh ohí dphhochjih nojiBBy cTpaHi h Hapojiy.
OraieqeeHaa jHiiJOMaTijj, He HMiromaa wb bhay peajiBHHxx HOTpeÓ-
HocTeft rocy^apcTBa, órnia 6ti HeHysHOD h ÓesnffejiBHox) pocKombK).
MesAyHapoAHaa nojiHTHBa oÓxoahtcjí HaiiUifB Hpe3Btiqaňeo joporo,
Aaxe Bt nepio^n nojiHaro 3aTHmBa; OHa TpeóyerB orpoMHHXTb eseroft-
bhxx pacxoAOBi Ha coftepsanie apiiiH h $JK>Ta, Ha AHnjoMaTHqecKoe
npe^cTaBHTaabCTBo, Ha nocojibCTBa h KOHcyjbCTBa b*b pasHuxii nyHKTaxi
3eMHoro mapa. Becb btotb cjioshuS h Aoporo ctodhuí annaparb ho
onpaBAUBaJťb 6h CBoero HasHa^emfl, ecjmóu cjy&HJTB tojbko ajm ho-
onpeA^JieHHuxii 3a6on> o6*b o6m,eifB eBponeficsoifB imp-fe, aoToparo h
6evb Tóro hhsto ho ayiiaerB HapymuTb. AHnjioMaTH aojmkhu noBCHXny
oxpaHATB h nouepsHBaTB HHTepecu CBoero rocyjapcTBa h Hapo^a,
663% ymepóa jjm mhphhxi noMTH^ecKHXX CBBaeĚ h oTHomeeiň.
TaRl HOHHMaDTB A^JO ópHTaHCKÍe HHHHCTpil, H OHM ÓLIJIH 6tí ($68-
ycjioBHo npaBu, ecraóu tbopao npH&epsHBajHCB btoě to^kh spimta.
Ho HeptAKo ohh H^yrB ropasAo Aajfte h óesijepeMOHHo pascTpaHBaiorB
xesAyHapoAHua oTHomema cbooí CTpaHH, pa^H Kasymeftcji nojraraie-
CBoft BuroAbi. Bx btomi npH?HHa hxi» HeyAaii. PimeHie ynoTpeÓHTB
pesepBHUA cyMMH ernneTCEoí Baccu rocyAapcTBOHHaro AOJira Ha pac-
xoau no 8KcneAHi^ÍH bi ftoHroJiy, BonpeBH ^opMajiBHUMi npoTecTaMi
^paHpÍH h Poccíh, npHBejio vb HeoaHAaHHOny pesyjiBTaTy. GifbniaHHuft
cyj^B wl KaHpi t kb KOTopony 4>paHn,y3CKÍe BjaA*JBi^u erHneTCKHxi 6y*
uai^B oópaTHJiHCB cb TpeóoBaeieM-b BSticsaTB cb npaBHTejiBCTBa B^aTys)
hkb Kaccu BHtmHflro AOJira cyMMy bt> noJTB-MHjuiioHa ^ynTOBi* cTep-
JHHTOBl, ptlHHJI^ fljÍJIQ BX HOJEBSy HCTI^OBX, T.-6. HpOTHBX erHOeTCBOň
sasHH h npe»,ne Bcero hpothb-b Ahwíh. AHrjMqane nacTOJibKO npH-
BHBJIH CHBTaTb C66a X03fl6BaMH Wh KaHpt, qTO Aaate He COHH^BaJIHCb
bte> ÓJiaronpi^THOHx p^memn cirfeniaHHaro cy&a no HCKy ^P&Hi^y3CKHXx
BpeAHTopoBx Emma; ho cjjífiÓEui npHroBopi paactajix 9Ty hjuiid8íid
H HaHeCt CHJIBHBlfi HpaBCTB6HHElft yAftp*B MHHHCTOpCTBy JDÍOp^ft CoJIbCÓepH.
Tqmi IY.— Idib, 1896. 28
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434 B*CTHHKT> EBPOUH.
HeBHHMaHie ri npoTecrairB AByx* BemRHxi xepsaBi osasaJiocB Ha-
npacHtiMx; oho npHaejio r*b aoctoSbomj bo3H68aíd. Planeme cM4maH-
Haro cyja bx KaHpi npoTHBt rocnoACTByroujefi ma* EranTOirB Ahimíh
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nfeAma* pasB^Bsa, BneqaTďfcme nepBofi HeyAaiH H6 HBHiaAHTCH.
Do noBOAy ernneTCRHXi a*** Ahmíh OTqacTH oóocrpujia cboh otho-
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KaHifl cb repMaHieio. Mhhhctpi kojohíř ^aMÓepjidHi noiepntxB not-
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BaaiBCRaro npesHAeHTa, npecrap&Aaro Kprorepa, npHSHaeTca h npe-
B05H0CHTCH CaMHHH aHrJIH<iaHaMH, HHOrxa Cb HŠBOTOpHMB OTrfeHKOirB
lOMopa. HeTBepo ocysAeHHUXi wb IIpeTopÍH npeABOAHTejieS peBOJ»n ( ioH-
Haro ABHS6HÍH BUQymeHo Ha CBoĎoAy, cb ynjiaToi) BecBxa 8Ha?HTe.iB-
hoě neHH — no 25 thchyb ^yHTOBi cTepjiHHroBi cb RasAaro— H cb o6a-
3aTejrfcCTB0Mt ho BMtniHBaTBca BiipejB bi noMTHHecRia a*** TpaHC-
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Bceo6m,ifi BOCTopn b*b mícthomi aHrJiiiCROMi HaceaemH. CBepxi osh-
Aama, npesHAeHTi Kprorepi, yHHvroatHBiniĚ KOBapHue njiaHti CecHJLa
PoAca h ^ateMcoHa othochtojibho saxBaTa TpaHCBaaaa aHrjuraaHaHH,
npiofipijii orpoMHyro nonyjwpHocTB bi ÁHrjCH h caíjuuich saitt 6u
repoeM*B aha. Gok)3hhrh h eAHHOMunuieHHBRH Cocejul PoAca yrfcmaDTca
TÍH*B, OTO OHH XOTÍJIH yB6JIH?HTB BJULA&HÍH H cjiaBy BeJN3RO<5pHT&HÍH
h ito bt> TaROMi naTpioTH?ecROM£ npeAnpiflTÍH ho cthaho noTepn&TB
HeyAaqy. MHorie OAHaRo cyAara HHa?e o eaóirfe ^seMCOHa, h bo bca-
rom* cayiai hh t4, hh Apyrie ho Moryro 6htb aobojibhh pesyjfc-
TaTavn.
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AHTejiB fiojibfflHHCTBa Bt najiaTÍ oómHHi, nepBHĚ jiopA^ RasHa^etcTBa
BajSB^ypí, njieMHHHHRi HapRHsa CojiBcóepH, He mofb ao chxb nopB
npOB6CTH B*B napJULM6HT% HH OAHOrO H31 CBOHXt 60JÍe SHa^HTeiBHHXX
aaROHonpoeRTOBi. BHeceHHUĚ hmx 6hjlib o HapoAHHXi niROJiax-B bob-
ÓyAHJii cmbhim B03paaceHÍx cpeAH saMoft HHHHCTepcRot napiii; oh%
ORadaJC* HOAOCTaTOHHO npOAyMaBHUMl H nJIOXO COCTaBJíeHHUMt, h nocjit
ropaqHxt, AecHTHAHeBHUxi npemfi, npaBHTejiBCAo caiio pimHJio bshtb
ero oópaTHO. HonpaBOKT. Kt dTOMy Óhjmk) óhjio sapaHie npeAJioaeHO
ropaaAO 6oJiBme thca^h (1238), h najaTa $H3H?ecRH ho xorjia 6u
yCfliTB HOROHÍHTB CL HHMH AO OROH^aHÍfl C6CCÍH. IIpeABOAHTeJIB 0000-
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XPOHHRA. — HHOCTPAHHOE 0B08P&HIE. 435
amin, capi Tapsopn, Bce Ďoxhe BupocTaerb wb oómecTBeHHoro mh4-
híh; ero p£iH coexHHJiDro bt> ceói aan4qaTaibHyD CHiy h rnósocTB
apryMeHTaaiH ci> TpeaBOD aíjiobhtoctbd h ob ňenvwb ocTpoyMieirb.
KaseTca, Kára 6yATO ohí. BUKasuBaoro bcí cboh AapoBama tojibko
TenepB, hocjií yjajieHia r*aACTOHa, npa ROTopom okb H6B0Jn»H0 *ep»
sajíce bx tíhh; hjdlh, 6htb Moaera, ero TajiaHTU 6hjh Meflie bshíthu,
oosa wb napjaMeHrt AMcTBOBajrB cairb „bojhkíž CTapeivL*. Káro 6h
to hh ďhjio, Bajfe^ypí Bce *ame OTCTynaerB npejvB crapiiMi Fap-
ROpTOMt.
B*b repHaHÍH BasoHqeHa ofimnpHaa h BasHaa paĎOTa: npoesrb
rpaa^aHCKaro yjioseHÚi pascMOTptni h oj^oópeni HiraepcrairB ceftHoirb.
HoBoe yjoaceme BCTynnro vb A&ficTBie ob Ha<uuia jBajmaTaro Btsa 9
t. e. lepero Tpn cn> hojiobhhok) rojja. Tasí Rasi koaokcb Bupa6aTH-
Baie* yqeHUMH HÍMen,KHMH ©puciaMH, cuohhhmh si aócTpaKTHtiifB
onpeA^JieHUMii h $opiiyjiairB, to ohi ho ÓyaerB oTJiraaTbca ^choctbd
H(SH3H6HH0D npOCTOTOD; HO OffB BDepBHO BHaCOTB Bl HaipOHaJBHyD
SH3HB repHaHÍH H)pH*H*eCKOe OAHHCTBO, OÓDJHOCTL npaBa, H BT> 9TOM-L
Hteeiprie naTpioTH bhaatb BejHBoe 8Ha?eHÍe npejcToameft uepeMiHW.
Eahhctbo npaBa cocTaBMJio HajaBHa MeiTy yqeHofi TepMaHiH; eme b%
Baqajrfe ctojtítía bojihcb ropaqie cnopti o BOAH^HXái^iH, vb cbhsh c-l
Bonpocomb o pasMexeBamH BjeiieHTOBi pHMCBaro npaBa h HanjoHajibHo-
repiiaHCKaro, — ho TenepB saBfrraaft nevra MHornxi HÍMeijKirxi. ©pnc-
tob*b npeBpaTHJDtacB bi rasejioBtcHHfi, oÓieiracTui TpairrarB, HaBoja-
nut yHHeie He Ha oahhxi tojbro npo$aHora. Ha#B BupaóOTKOD aToro
Kojesca paóoraxa cneniajbeaa bommhccía bi» npoAojateeie okojio jBa*-
j^eth íbrb.
28*
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IHTEPATYPHOE 0B03PMIE
1 iniH 1896.
— CoTOHeHi* H. B. Tórou. Hajáme jecaToe. Tokcti cBiipera ci coticTBesHopy?-
hhmb pysonHCJiMH aBTopa h nepBoiiaiaj&HHifH HSiaeiaMH ero npoHSBexeHifi Hh-
aojaeui THioBpaBOBEiiii h BiajHiiipoifi IHeHpoBOMi. Tom. VI. Ob npuo ze-
men* nopTpera Tórou, rpaBHpoBaHHaro Ha CTara $. A. EpoErayaoMt bi Jefin-
UHrt, h 8-zi chemkob* ci co6cTBemiopy9Bim> pHcyH£X>Bi Tórou. Tom VIL
C* npiuoseHieMi coÓCTBeHHopyiHHXB pHcyHBOB* H. B. Tórou: nopTpeTa Eym-
RHHa h xoMHKOBb (uyrfc pHcyHROBb xoMBKa) Tórou. Cn6. 1896. Hajáme A. $.
Mapaca.
AByMA HacTOA^HXH TOMaMH dasaHiHBaeTCfi ns^ame coqaHeeift IV
roaa, soToparo nepBue datb tomobi uběhli 6hjh hoai pejtasiiieft no-
Kofiearo THXOHpaBOBa. Bx CBoe bpoma mu ct> HHTepecovB cx&xuh 3a
9thm*b HS^ameirB, aoropoe bi nepBHft para xaBaao couHem* Tórou
bi> hx* uojHOMt oóxeMi h cx o6mHpHHMi» soinieHTapieMi, rji He
toubro ysasuBaJiHCb pasj[H?Hu& pe^asi^H, bi saRUXi abmjihcb etíko-
Topua h ocoďmbo rjaBHiĚniia Hro npoH3B6Aemň rorojia, ho Boo6me
ÓfclJia BHACHOHa HCTOpífl RaS^arO HBfc 9THX*B npOHSBeABHÍi, HaCBOJIBKO
oHa Morja 6htb pacapiiTa no pyKonncairB ToroM, ero nHCBMairB h
^pyrHMt .naHHHMi ero 6iorpa$iH. ToaaoBaTejiH h 6iorpa<j>u Tórou
^aBHo qyBCTBOBajiH BasHOCTB 9THXt BonpocoBt o TBopnecTBi roroja, H
AaBHO yae rfuiajiHCB ofa a-roM* lacTHua nancsama h cooópaseHia; kb
HacTOflmeifi HSjamH coópaffB BecB HajraiHHft MaTepiajrB wa BHacHe-
Hifl dthxi BonpocoBi, coópaHHUĚ b*b „npHMiiaHiaxi pe^asTopa , ko-
Topua nojapiniiaroTca Taaae HsaaHieiťB bc&xi pasjínqHuxi pexaiiuft
h HaópocaoB-B npoHBBOAeHift roroM. Kto TOTajfB 9th „npHM4qaHk a H
ofipaTHJii BHHMame Ha whhhhS nojtfopB BapiaHTOBi b% pyKonHcaxi
h pa3JiH^HHXi HSjaHiaxT* Torojifl, totb noflMeTB, Baaoro Tarocraaro
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toSho BHHMaTejiBHO HcnojTHeHHoft paóOTH, 6j&jw,EWb fiiorpa^aMi mhx
yse roTOBuft MaTepiajix CBiflemfi, no kotophmi mosotb 6htb B03CTa-
HOBJíeHa HCTopia TBopiecTBa Tórou. 9to HS^aHie ocTaHOTéa oahoe>
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XPOHHBA. — JHTEPATyPHOE OB03PMIE. 437
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Typn.
BasHOCTB 3Toro H3CJiÍAOBaHia HCTopiii TBop^ecTBa roroaa oÓBac-
Haerca HCKJiDqHTejibHbíM-B BHanemeMB Foroaa bb pa3BHTÍH Hameft JUTepa-
Typu h ero HcsaDiHTeaBHUMB xapasTepoMi Kára qeioaiRa h imca-
Teaa. Ero xbaTejBHocTbD h ea peayjibTaTaMH OTMÍqem* itfuuft ne-
pio,*B Hameft HOB&fimeft nTepaTypti, ocoóhmb (yummewb KOToparo 6bmo
HV6HH0 pa3BHTÍ6 C03HaTe*BHarO OTHOHieHifl KB AÍftCTBHTe*BHOCTH H BB
CMUCjt KpHTHqeCKOŮ OIJÍHKH ea *BJieHÍft CB HpaBCTB6HHO-o6lI^eCTBeH-
floft ToisH spbma, h bb cmhcjií ncaxoaorH<iecKaro aHanaa. ^Mctbíb,
DpoH3B6AeHHoe rjMiBHiÉfflHMH C03AaBÍflMH roroaa, 6hio noTpacaromee,
— bb hhhxb ycjOBLaxB h ottíhimixb no chjií TaKoro BneqaTjiieia
cb ToroJieirB hosho cpaBHHBaTB bt* upasme BpeMa tojibbo nymRHHa
h rpn6o4,noBa, a nosAHie rp. JI. H. Toacroro; h ajjí HCTopHBa JiHTe-
paTypu CTaHOBHTca BasHoft 3axa?e& oóbjichhtb B03HHBHOB6HÍe aToro
TBopqedBa h yxasaTB ero ocHOBHua cthxíh. Cb jpyroň cropoHti, jihh-
Huft xapasTepi HHcaTeaa ďhjtb qpesBuqaiHO CBoeoópaBHUĚ. Heo6u-
qaĚHoe aapoBame ocTaBaaocB HeypaBHOB&meHHHMB, ho mriwio onopu
Wh npo^HOMB o6pa80BauÍH h acHo onpeA&aHBineMca nipoB033p*fcHÍH, ho
BMÍCTÍ CB TÍMB ĎHJO pysOBO^HMO B03BUmeHHUMH H^eaJIHCTHqeCKHMH
CTpeMaeHiaMH h qyBCTBOMB o6m,ecTBeHHoé npaBAu; nyn, ero 6hib bb
3HaHHTeií>eoft Mipi nojroTOBJíeHB nymKHHUMB, ho tími ho MeHie 3to
6hjh AapoBaHia HecoH3M*pHMBia, h bo MHoraxi OTHomeHiaxB roroJiiD
npHXOAHaocB caMOMy oTtiCKHBaTB HOByro aopory, kb BOTopoft BJieiuiH
ero rjyÓOKie, HHor.ua noayco3HaBaeMHe hhcthhrth. ETpHCoeflHHaaacB,
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co^epsaHÍD, BOTopoe npHHocH^B cb coóod Torojn: HanpaifBpB, npH
BceM-b Morym,ecTBeHHOMB aíActbíh UyniKHHa Ha JHTepaTypy, Ta ofaacTB
peaaBHaro H3o6pasema shshh, bb BOTopys) BCTynaaB ToroxB, Óuaa
enje o6iacTBH> hoboid, h bb nepBOMB HeoóuqaftHOMB ycn*xi ero npoHB-
BexeHÍĚ, fiea-B comh&híh, Hrpaaa cbod pojib dTa hobh3hh HencnHTaH-
Huxt paHte Bnewrjrtmfi. HaKOBeijB, em;e ojs,bj OTaHSHTeaBHy© qepTy
roroaa cocTaBaaaa ero pijxaa xyxosecTBeHHaa saóoraHBocTB: ohb ho
npHHaAJiesajrB kb wcay rfexB aacaTejiefr, botopumb xy^osecTBeHHHŘ
TpyjcB AaeTca aerBo; HanpoTHBB, ohb cb óojbihhmh ycHaiaMH Bíjpa6a-
TUBan cboh npoHSBeAema, bb kotopuxb, noBHAHMOMy, TaKt aerso oe-
pexaBaaacB sapTHHu peaaBHoft ^tftcTBHTeaBHccTH, Tasx ecTecTBeHHO
B6JIC4SÍ pasrOBOpL AtfiCTByiD^HXB JHI^B... Ho BCÍMB 9TH1TB OTHOmeHÍaiťB
HCTopía TBopqecTBa Toroaa npeACTaBJaeTB oco6eHHuft HHTepecB ho
TOJibKO wa HsyqeHia ero coficTBenHoft HHcaTeaBCROĚ ocoóeeHocTH,
ho h caMoň jHTepaTypHoft duoxh. OrHOCHTe^BHo caMoro Torojia
mu MoaeMB HaóflDAaTB, cko.ii^ko Tpy.ua 6uao hmb noaoseHO Ha
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438 BfcOTHH&fc BBPODU.
ero npoH8BeA6Hia, botophji bí> cBoei osoH^areiBEoft $opH& npeACTaB-
' mdtcji HaM-B TaKHMi acHHMt, cb*»emi> cosAameMfc BOJIHBarO TaJiaHTa,
bi, KOTopHxt shshb óbext BJioseirB, — h oABaBo npn (taflacaĚmeirB E3-
cjiAOBaHiH osasiiBaeTCJi, hto 9Ta xyAosecrBeHHafl npocrora h cb4-
S6CTB AOCTHrHyTH yCHJeBHUlTL MHOrOJ&THHirB TpyAOMt, H6 TOJBBO
Ha^t tocthoctbme, ho naA* bcím-b cocTaBOMt nposBBexeHÚi, KOTopoenporpaMMH h 9thxi> cHomeHÍft
ci cbohmh qHTaTejwMH, upeAnpHHHjia H3Aaaie i^^jioě „BBÓJiioTeKH mír
caMoo6pa80BaHÍH tf , qacríD hb-b nepeBOAOBi, peAaRTHpyeMHx-B cneuiajm-
craMH hbx cpeAU rommhccíh, qacTÍ© h3*b TpyAOBi caMOCTOHTejibHuxi.
Mu HaxoAHM*B, HanpHMipx b*b pHAy RHHrb, HaxoAiiniHxcH bt> neqaTH,
RHHry r. HnqepHHa: „HojiHTHqecRie MucJiHTejiH ApeBHHro h HOBaro Mipa tt .
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444 BftOTHHKb BBPOIQI.
— Haiaio n;HBHjiH3aiÚH h nepBOÓHTBoe cocToaeie neioBiui. YiicTBeHHoe h oómecTBea-
eoe cocToauie jH&apeft. Capa ^sohe JldóÓosa. BTopoe H3jaHÍe, HcnpaBjeHHoe h
XoaojHeHHoe no naTOMy aerjiftcKOMy H8xanÍD (1889 r.) noj* pejia&n.ieft #. A.
KoponieBCKaro. Ca 6. (1896). Hsxaaie BBHKflaro MarasBBa M. M. Jejepie.
CoqHHeeie JUMfóoBa, — roBopaica wb npeAHCJOBin HSAaTejeft, — „npi-
oópiuro 3HaH6HÍe KjaccHHecKaro coqHBeaia b*b uatueti BayqaoŘ aHTepa-
Typt a , — ToíHÍe 6uňo 6u csa3aTb, tto oho npiotfpiuo bto aaaqeHie
Booóme b* Hayqeoft jiHTepaTypt, riwb 6oj4e, hto natua Hayaa no bo-
npocy o Haq&ai ijHBHJiH3aiuH coctohto hoith HCKJHD*HTeju»Ho H3* ne-
peBOAOBi HHocTpaHHux-B KHHrs, h mosoto ope^CTaBHTB Jimnb oqeab
HeMHoro caMocTOHTe^bHaro, Rasi, HanpHM-fept, TpyAH M. M. RoBajes-
CRaro. Kb Hra JfótfóoKa mrfeaa y HaeB ABa nepeBOja, h btot-b ycnixt
6hjkb BaojSHt sacjiyseHHHtt, ter-b xani oHa npHHaAJiesHirb kt> qecjiy
HaHSOJlte aBTOpHTeTHHXt C0?HH6HÍĚ DO BTOMy BOHpOCy Bii AJX& CO-
BpeiieHHott nayKH. Haeroamee usAaaie KHHra no nepeBOAy r. Kopon-
qeBcsaro CA^aao noTOuy, tto npeatHÍa H3Aaaia, nerepóyprcsoe h mo-
csoBCKoe, ho aaxoAaTca bx npOAasfy ho Teaepb tckctb apoBipeHt
r. KoponqeBCKHMt no noaiÍAHeny aarjiižcKoiiy ns^aHÍD. „Kpoirb SHau-
TejbBbixi, AonoJieeBifr bi TeKcrfe, — roBoparb npejHCJiOBie,— *vb nacroa-
meiáy H3AaBÍ» npnJiaraiOTca abí sanHCKH aBTopa, cocTaBjíaronúa npn-
óaB^eaie kb ero KHarfi, hoa* oómHMi sarjmBieifB: „O nepsoóUTHoro
coctoahíu qeJiOBÍKa u , h „IIpHiifoaHia"; to h jpyroe 6uao onymeHo bt>
npeAfflecTByromHxt HSABHiaxi. JfoGontiTHo enje 3aniiaHÍe npeAHcaoBia,
qTO coqaaeaie JRtóóoRa „a&aaeTca Teaepb bi> tomí bhaí, b*b xaKOifB
oho HMaeTca bi opHrHHajrh. UepeBOA^ CAfejara 6e3i H3M*HeBÍft m
coKpameaifi; MBoroToqia, b63a4, r^t obh BCTpiwaiOTca, npHHaweaaTi
aBTopy u . ' '
— Ho BejBsoft pyccsoft pis*. Oiepui h sapTHHH DoBoiatM. A. O. BajyeBoft (MyHn.).
PHcyBBH CBOMDOHOBaHH T. H. Hhihthhhmi. H8j. KR. Mař. JleAepae. Cn6. 1895.
KtíHra r-acH BajiyeBoft (Mysrb) npexnasHaqena ajih nonyjuipHaro
qteeifl. HocjiiAHee atejiasie aBTopa BuesasaHo hmt> bt, kobe^í khhfh:
„paacTaBaacb cb Boj r oř h ci BaMH, qnTaTejb, sejsaeMi saHi on AyniH,
npH nepBoft bo3mo»hocth, ^Hqao nosHaaoMHTbca vb 9 MaTepbD pyccRHXi
pÍR^ a , noAumaTb ea npnBOJibeirB, baobojib Hajn>6oBaTBca na ea nrapb
h BOJiH^aBocTb, H3yqHTb ee šasi mosho 6x*me h noApoóate, a cjií-
AOBaTejbBO, h noJiiDÓHTb ee on Aynin. Kto ae 8aaen> Bojtrn — ho
SHaeT^ Poccíh 11 .
ÁBTopi aaqHBaeT^ cBoe.nyTemecTBie cb TBepa t ho pa3CKa3UBaeTT>
Taaxe BKpaTi^* o BepxoBbax-b Bojith, h 061 ycTpoftcTBt orpoMHaro
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XPOHHKA. — JHTEPÁTyPHOE OBOSPfcHIE. 445
BOAOxpaHHjHnia, KOTopoe cjyxin-L sanacom boah bo Bpena cnaja piRH.
Orb TBepn aBTopx nyTeraecTByert no Bceft Bojirt ao AcTpaxaHH h
EacnificBaro Mopa, ocTaHaBMBaacb Ha bcíxx rjiaBHiixi nyHRTaxx:
asTopt Aaerb onHcame Bctxi h£ckojbko aaMiqaT&abHbiXT. ropoAORi* ct
HXT> AOCTOnpHMiwaTeJIbHOCTflMH, HCTOpH^eCRHMH BOCnOMHHaHÍHMH, CO-
BpeMeHHUMi ÓUTOVB Hacejiema, npoMUCJiaMH h t. Am Aaerb BapTHHy
BojirH on ea cKpoMflaro BepxoBbA ao Tóro HHSHnro TeneHia, T$b OHa
npeACTaBjífleTCfl ÓesÓpesHUMi Hopem*. PascRa3i b6A6tc& oíchb shbo
m saHHHaTejibHo; ct> npeAMOTOMi onacama aBTopi xopomo 03HaR0MHaca
h no jraiHOMy HaĎJDAemK), h no JiHTepaTypHOMy MaTepiaay, ROTopuiti
cjiyseJH ho TOJibKo cneiýajbHHH onncama BojirH, ho h hctophrh (KaRi
KapaM3BH%, CojioBbeB-b, KooroMapoB*), no3TH h ÓejuteTpHcru (RaR*
C. T. ÁKcaROBi, roHqapoBx, DeqepcKift). PascRasi HMDCTpHpyeTca
RapTHHRaMH, H3o6paaaiomHMH bhau ropoAOBT>, saMiqaTejbHuxi) 3Aamfi,
MicTHocTeft, thhobi Hacejrema h t. n. Ho HMiDCTpaijiH, Ha Hamt
BarjaAt, ho Bcer^a yAOBJíeTBopHTeabHH: o6urhob6hho Ha CTpaHun,*
DotofcmaeTca no H^CROJibRy pHcyHROtfb (HanpHMÍpt, ao 8-mh) bt> pan-
Kax*b, h Bi pesyjibTaTi nojiyqaeTca híito otphboihoo h HeoTieTMBoe;
ropa3AO Jiyqme óhjio 6h, aaaReTCB, AaTb MeHbme pHcyHROB*, ho 6ojrfce
mnpORHXX H OTTOTJIHBUXl. Ho B 000111,6 H3AaHÍ6 HCOOJIHeHO 0H6HB XO-
pomo, — T.
B*b TeqeHie iroea iitama bt> pejaRijiH DOJiyqenu 6ujih eaiAyiDmia
HOBIM RHHrH H 6pOffllDpH:
l^iamo**, n. H. KeHra 8flopoBb«. OÓmeaocTyiiHoe pyROBoacTBo sapaBoxpa-
BeHia. 06pa6oTaHo bt, imnep. caHUTapaoMi bíjhomctbí B^ EepjiBH-fc. DepeBoj^B
ct» ceABMoro HaaaHia. Ob 52 pHcyHRaifH h 2 pacKpam. TatfaimaMH. Gn6. H3aaHie
K. X PHRRepa. 1896. V h 263 cíp. H 1 p.
Beuiepo&b, O A. — Pyccsia RHHre, cx> 6iorpa4>HqecRHMH ^aHHHMH o6x aBTO-
paxi h nepeBOAHflRaxi. Bun. IV: AjieRcaHApoBi-AjbÓOBi. Cnó. 96. Orp. 145—
192. n;. 35 R.
Butáqfn^h) B. K. — IIpaRTHiecRoe pyROBO^CTBO BHHorpaaapcTBa n bhhoa^h.
3-e H3A., cb 140 puč. Gn6. 96. Orp. 328. H 2 p. 50 r.
rapwum, BceBOJOAi*.— TpeTSH BHHX&a paacRaaoBi. Ci npHjroa. 2 nopTp. h
6iorpa<}>in, HaaHcaHHoB A. CRaónieBCRHii-b. H3j. 4-e. Gnó. 96. Cxp. 272. n,. 1 p.
ropmeecKiú, B., A-p^. — - KaKi HaMi oóyBaTbcaV O HopM&tbHofi oóyBH, uo
npeHMymecTBy a*tcroS. Cn6. 96. Orp. 40. H* 25 k.
TypewMb, H.— PoAHxeJíii h a*th. DpawqecRaji BHÓiioTesa, & 10. Cn6. 96.
dp. 211. u;. 1 p.
IKÓaHKoei, X H.— CaHHTapHoe BsejtjroBaeie 4>a6pHKi» h 3aBOAOB*b cMOjeHCRoS
rytepHiH. Bhu. II. Gmoi. 96. CTp. 477.
3a6rbAuwb, Hb* Er.— Mhbhhi h UosapcRÍft. IIpflMue h rphbhg bi CMyTHoe
Bpeiw. 3-e H8*. ct» aobojo. M. 96. Orp. 316. O,. 1 p. 50 R.
KpuuatUHz, H., npeno^aBaTeib 1-ro Cn6. peajbHaro yqMHma. YqeÓHHRb 6o-
TaHHSH &ia cpeAHHx*b yqeÓHHxi saBeAeeiS. G*b 284 pncynaaMH. Cn6. H3^anic
K. Jí. PHRRepa. 1896. XY1II h 371 ctp. Dj. 1 p. 60 k.
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446 BftCTHHKfc EBPOIIIL
JLamwb, M. C. — JJapcTBeHHBia wóoth hmii. HnBOxaji EaBiOBHia o pa3~
bhtíh BoeHHO-yqeÓHHxt saBe^eoiS. Cnó. 96. Orp. 27.
JLonamuni) Bax— OÓHieHHaa apiieftCEaH shsbb. IIoxoai» MHpHaro BpeMeHi.
Bapm. 96. Orp. 40. II. 25 b.
jlTbceueeuvb, B. M. — Chepsn hb-b hctopíh MejHnjraii. Bhb. n. Rieffb. 96.
Orp. 87. D;. 60 k.
Maumerm, I\— „JKhx**, pascsasi. IIepex,*x. K>. C, nox* pex. awopa.
XapBB. 96. Orp. 48.
M—poeb, r. T.— Hra orea x.a b-b noxuMa. Apaifa bt, 5 aBT. h KapT. Tomcb-b.
96. Orp. 77.
HoeoceAbctM^ R. H.— PaBCBaati. Cn6. 96. Orp. 97. H 40 b.
nyu,uKoe%wb, 6. 9.— Hsi eapoAOBiAeHifl: 1) ÁHriHnaHe. 2) Eoxrapii. 3) Py-
mhbh. 4) CepÓH. 5) XopBaTH. 6) HepHoropuH. 7) ^Lexe. 8) AÓhcchhuh. 9) Rh-
TaĚmi. Raxxsui ópomropa no 5 koh. ^TeHie xxa napoxa. Cnó. 96.
Cyeopoto, H. G. — rpaxxaHCBÍ8 Ópasi. JDpun. ónóiioTesa, Jfc 11. Cnó. 96.
H 80 k.
ToAeuncKiit, A. H.— OpraHi3auia Tpyxa wb npoMumxeHHiWB npexnpiflTiaxi.
BnjLHa. 96.
XočckííÍ^ Jí. B.— OcHOBaHÚ TeopiH h toxbibh CTaTHCTHBB. Cnó. 96. Cíp. 207.
H 2p.
Matem, A. $., rpaíj)^, (Jiohi.— Hdopia HopiiaHHOBi b*b Chehiíh. IlepeB. ci
BtM. Cnó. 96. Orp. 481. it 2 p. 50 k.
IZZeptoewetfwva, P.— YieÓHHKi yroxoBHaro npaBa. 2-e hsx.. Ras. 96. Orp. 755.
^ 5 p.
LU., B. P.~ AiosHHBa. XII niceiTB xxa xfercBaro TeaTpa. Cnó. 96. Orp. 204.
H lp.
JlHotcyAz y EEaiepHHa.— H*mt> ounnaercfl aMepeitaHCKaa msoia otb pyccBOfl?
Ha ocHOBaeiH jhhhhxi HaÓjroxemĚ h XHTepaTypHHXt hctohhhbobx (óponropa
hs* a. „Bícthhki BocnHTaHia". M. 96. Orp. 27.
RHUtueecKtů, C— Cóophhkt> CTHxoTBopeeift. M. 96. Orp. 32. H. 50 e.
— Mouvement commercial de la Bulgarie avec les pays étrangers. Janvier
1896. Sophia. 96. CTp. 85. H. 1 xeB. 50 ct.
— ToiHTOoe 8ac*xaeie Bhcoi. ynpesx.. BOMHTera xxa ycTpoicTBa vb Mo-
cbbí Mysea npBBxa^HincB 3Haaift. 23-a roxoBniHHa. M. 96. Cíp. 104.
— Raiaxon EaÓHHera yroxoBHaro npaBa npn Hun. Cnó. yHHBepcHTerfe. Cn6.
96. Orp. 76.
— Kpancaa HCTopaqecKaa sanncsa o BHcnrax-B x6hcbbx% sypcaxi bt» C.-IIe-
TepÓypr*. Cnó. 96. Orp. 39. D;. 10 b.
— MeaxjnapoiHaa ÓnÓxioieBa: Jfc 42. IIpiixoii h pacxox> bi npipox-fe.
Ilepes. cb h*m. I. PefiBBe. GnÓ. 96. CTp. 46. IJ. 15 e.
— IlaMjiTHaa EHHSEa BoponeacKofi ryóepHin. 1896. BopoH. 96. H. 1 p. 50 k.
— IIporpaMMH AOMamHjiro Třeni* Ha 2-ft roxi cHCTeifaTH^ecKaro Bypca. M.
96. Orp. 332. D;. 40 k.
— CnpaBo^Haa EHHra xia KycTapmixi, peMecxeHHHXi h seiueAtxBHecBHX^
apiejefi. CocraBxeHO V-itb OTitjeHiem OómecTBa xxh coA^flcTBia pyccBol npo-
MHmxeHHoern n ToproBii GnÓ. 96. Orp. 212. 1^. 60 b.
— XapBEOBCRoe oÓmecTBo pacopocTpaHeHia sHasiB: Jů 35: Kapii BejBKifi,
C. P. — W 36: 3acexeHÍe HoBopoccificBaro Bpaa h IIoTeMBHHt, A. Mnxxepa.—
te 41: Cxpauraaa cMepTB HeBHHnaro ^exoB-BEa, B. BepecaeBa. XapBB. 96.
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iPOHHKA. 447
HOBOCTH HHOCTPAHHOR /IMTEPATyPbl
Gaston Paris, de V Academie Frangaise. Penseurs et Poětes. Paris. 1896.
B* to BpeMfl, RaKX 9kmb 3oaá noTepniai hobjd Heyjaqy Ha bh-
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:3'íroboř jiHTepaTypi. Kpoirfc Tóro ohi coTpyAHHqajix bi Journal des
Savants; ot^íjibhhmx BHnycROMX uohbhjihcl j,Ba TOMHRa CTaTeft h
BCTynHTea&HHx*B JieRi^ift r«b RypcaMi b-b Collége de France, no* 1 * 06-
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xoth 6ti h oniHÓoqHtiB, ho 3anaHqnBbíii no CBoeň ^ocTynHOCTH. Hiia
T. Ilapnca, noJiBBOBaBmeeca noqeTOM-L cpe^n cnei^iajiHCTOBi, rposHoe —
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Tom* IV.— 1»», 1896. 29
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6. Bahoibkobt*
n.
Amédée Boux. La littérature contemporaine en Itálie. Paris, 1896. Cíp. 841.
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C.-IIeTep6yprcB0Ě ry6epHin) oĎMMaerL noneiHTejež hesbihme HHCTaH-
n,iaMH a .
„TaKoe H3BÍCTÍe coBepmeHHo omH&raHo, tbbí šasi b* I^Hpsyjuipi
EIoneiHTejia C.-IIeTep6yprcBaro YqeÓHaro Ospyra Jé 2 sa 1892 roj*
Ha CTp. 51 1 Hane?aTaHo pastacHeHie IIpaBHTejiBCTByDmHirB CeeaTOMx
sasoHa 25-ro Maa 1874 ro^a, RacaBmeeca noneiHTejež HanajiBHHXx y*H-
ju&wfr (CTpoBH 6-a h nocjiiAyDmiji): v 6jiHsaĚmee se saB&xHBame
yHHJHmaMH, T.-e. 8aBÍ£HBaHÍe Ha míctí KasAHMi> yqHjmmein, bi»
ota&jibhocth, BOBJíaraeToa Ha nonewrejieft h noneqHTejBHHivB, Hrópa-
Hie kohxi npeAocTaBjuieTCA otfmecTBaifB, y*pesmai>m;HirB h coaepaa-
ie;hmi» yrarama, a yTBepsxeHie chxt» jmuji b* aojhbhocth h yBo*B-
H6HÍ6 OTb OHHX*B 8ftBHCHTT> OTL YqHIHIIlHHXl COBÍTOB*B. TaKHlTB
oópasoifB b*b ycTaHOBieHHOMx no nojioseHÍD 25-ro Maa 1874 roja
nopawfc aaB^AUBaHÍH yqHjnmaMH, yqpexjeme 3BaHÍa noneqHTejieft
h noneiHTejiBHHivB ohbixt* aBjweTCji oahoo hsi HHCTaHn,ift Tasoro
3aB*AHBaHÍa, HM6HH0 HH3HieiD MÍCTHOD paCH0pa*HTe*BH01D BJiaCTBD HO
y^LHJHHíaMt".
„Cjli^OBaTeJlBHO k HH8HieH) HHCTBHl^ieiD* noneTOTeaeS HaiajIBBHXl
yHHjmm^ ofeflBHjra IIpaBHTejiBCTByH)in,ift CeHara, pasiacHeHifl kóto*
páro HMiroTB oía3aTe»Hy» cMy a .
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XPOHHKA. 459
M3T> OBlUECTBEHHOfl XPOHNKH.
1 ÍDifl 1896.
Ctojítíg co lna poxxefli* uwepaTopa Hasoiaji I-ro. — fliao r. SexeiieBa b o6mifl
Bonpoci, bmi» Bosóyxxaelali.— OopaBxaHie noxcyjuiMHxi no MyuTaHCioiiy x*iy.— Ih-
TepaTypHaa sajoóa Ba 6e3A*ficTBÍe h cjulÓocti n,6H8ypii.— H. B. Boxobosobi f.
25-ro MHHyBmaro mna hcdojihhjiocb CTOJtirie co am pom^ema
HHnepaTopa Hhrojk&h L BocnoMHHaHMiiti o noRoftHovL rocy^api h o
ero BpeneHH nocaameHii, no dTOMy ooBOAy, ijíjhh RHHrn — Hanp., ídhb-
crí* Hyiiepi „Pyccsoft CTapHHH* h coHHHenie renepajia JlaaaeBa: „HMne-
paTop^b HHBOJiaft I fl , ynoiurayToe b% npeAMAymei bhhjrrí eamero
sypsaJUL 7pe8BUHa&Ho aD(JonuTea CTaTLa r. H. #. (b* „Pyccxoft CTa-
Phhí ), cooÓmaDmaa hícroabro hobbixi mhbhxi o aítcrhxi h oTpo-
necKHX-L roAaxx ÓyAymaro HMnepaTopa, o jHijaxi, saBliAHBaBmHx* ero
oóyiemeM-B h BocnBTameiTB — secTOROMi h rpy<$0Mi renepajit Jíaiic-
Aop^vfe, yqeHHxi, ho mbjio wpobhthxi npenoAaBaTeuxi BaaHifimHXi
npe^HeTOBi (fflTopxi, KyxoJiBHHRi, BajiyrBaHCROM*). HecpaBneHHo 6jia-
ronpiaTHte, ctí btoě to?rh spima, 6hjih ycaoBia, cpeAH KOTopuxx pas-
BHBajtCA ne tojibko npeeMHHR** Ha kojí a a I-ro, HO h ero npeAmeCTBeHHHBfc.
IIpH HHKOJiat HaBJíoBHqt, bi t4 roAH, Kor^a cjiaraeTca xapaRTepi h
yCTaHOBJIADTC* bbhiaau, ho 6hjio HHBoro, kto HanoMHHaj^ 6h XOTB H3-
Aajena JKyKOBCKaro hjih Jlarapna. HeyAHBHTe*BHo, *to, BcnoMUHaa
8 ycunHTejiBHue a ypoRH „HecHocHiftraHX^ neAaHTOBi", aHaROMHBnnix-b
ero c*b ropHcnpy.n.eHUiefl h nojiHTHiecKoŘ SROHOMieft, BMoepaTopx Hh-
ROJiaĚ I npHXOAHJTB rí yóiaRAeHiio, tto „jyqmaa Teopia npaBa —
AOÓpaa HpaBCTBeHHocTB*, BOTopaa „AOJURHa 6utb bi cepwi", HesaBH-
chmo ort ©pHAH^ecRHXi „OTBjíeHeHHocTefi". He JHmeHO 3Haqeeifl h to,
hto 6AHHCTB6HHUUH npenoAaBaTejiaiiH fiyAymaro HMnepaTopa, „cootbít-
CTBOBaBmHHH CBoeity Ha8Ha<ieHÍH>", Ólijih yqHTejia BoeHHHXi npeAMe-
TOBfe, nOJKOBHHKH MapROBHTO H ^SaHOTTH, HOIBSOBaBnlieCfl, npHTOMl,,
pyROBOACTBOMi reHepaaa OnnepMaea, „B3BÍCTHaro b*b to Bpeiia cbohmh
no3HaHiflMH no HHseHepHofi qacTH a . Oco6ohho ijíhhhmh, b*b BHAy bthxi
4>aKT0B^, BBMDTca Taxia MipEi HMnepaTopa HHROJiaa I-ro, RaRl H3-
AaHie yHHBepcHT6TCRaro ycTaBa 1835 r., npB3eaBraaro aa cobítom-l npaBO
HSÓpania peRTopa h npo^ccopoBi h nojiosHBmaro Ha^ajio pasi^BÍTy
HaniHXi yHHBepcHTeTOBT,, ho bdojuí npiocTaHOBJíeHHouy Aase peaKn,iefi
1849 — 54 r. Ci tfjaroAapHOCTBH) cjni^yerB bchomhhtb h o tom,, oto
npH npeo6pa30BaHÍH raiiHasifi, cocToaBmeMca b*b 1828 r., ho 6ujh> npo-
Be^BHl Bl 2RH3HB TOTB y3RÍft H HenOAXO^flO^ift R*B pyCCROĚ A^áCTBHTOJIB-
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460 fiftGTHHKB EBPOIUL
hocth RJiaccHi^HdHi, Top»ecTBo ROToparo, nojreiRa cnycTJi, TaKt Aoporo
ctohjio Poccíh. Komht6tb, BucoiaSme yTBep»AeHHHž 14-ro Maa 1826 r.,
cb n^JiLBO „cjraqema h ypaBHenia ycraBOBi y^eÓHHXi 3aBe^eHÍfi ti onpe-
AiaeHia KypcoBi yqema b*b ohhxi , BHCKaaajica, no óoJBinHHCTBy ro-
jiocobi, 3a BBeaeeie bo ecn>ax> rHMHasiax* rpeiecRaro asuRa, Ha paAy
cb jiaTHHCBHifB. IIpoTHBi 8Toro Boscraji-B 6yAym;ift MHHHCTpi HapoAHaro
npocBioi.eeia, C. C. YBapoBi, bi cjrkAyromHxi cjioBaxi, ao chxi nop*
He yTpaTHBinuxi CBoero 3HaieHla: „upenoAaBaHie apgbhhxi asuROBi
ecTB ocHOBaHie BcaRaro oÓpaaoBaHia h He a 6y^y yTBep»AaTB, htoÓbi
mojbho 6hjio AocTHreyTB H^KOTopoft TBepAoft CTeneHH npocBÍin,eHÍa 6e3i»
cero SHama. Ho RaRyro BHroAy mojrho osH^aTB on caaóaro, Hespii-
jaro, noBepxHocTHaro npenoAaBama rpeqecKaro asuRa, Kasají óy^ert
nojiBsa otl cero npenoAaBaHia, sorxa mu otiasaHH óyAeiTB noiHTaTB
oHoe, Tasí cna3aTB, hoúo^hhitb dpoamotomi h KorAa BRJumerca b-b
yqeÓHufi sypcí AecaTB pasHopoAHHx* npeAMeTOBi nocroaHHaro npeno-
AaBama ? 7cTaB*B 1871 r. nauMenoeato rpeiecRifi asHRi rcaBHHicB
npeAMeTOMi. — ho Ha caMoifB a*** npenojaBaeie ero ocTajiocB, h npa
AaHHHxi ycioBiaxi ho mowio ho ocraTBca, B cja6uin», HeapiamrB h no-
eepxHocTHHM-B*. TenepB, b*b BHj,y ABftAijaTHnaTMfcrHaro onuTa, uewhe
t&m-b KorAa-JiHÓo mojkho coMHtaaTBca vb toitb, tto, coraacacB cb mh4-
HieiťB 0. C. yBapoBa, HMnepaTopi HHRoaaft I-ft 0Ka3ajrB Bejnsyio ycjiyry
MHoro^HCJieHHHMi noROjrfeHiaifB pyccRHx*B DHomeft. Ecjih h wb Harae
speiifl ho yjajoct h ho yjae-rca nocraBHTB npenoAaBame rpeiecRaro
asuRa Ha Ty Bucory, npn KOTopoft oho tojibro h mosotb osasaTBca He
<5e8nojie3HHirB, to HeTpyAHO ce<$* npeAcraBHTB, vbm> oho Óhjio combao-
CflTL jAtl TOMy HasaA*, npn oónjeft HeAocraTOHHocTH, RoraqecTBeHHoft
h sanecTBeHHoft, ne^arorniecRaro nepcoHajia...
Bb rhhpí reHepajia JlajraeBa nepenHCJieHH rjiaBHue choabhshhkh
BMnepaTopa HHROJiaa I-ro. IIpociiaTpHBaa stotb chhcor-b h BcnomiHaa,
KOr^a HM6HH0 H RaKB A^fiCTBOBaJIO RaSAOe H31 Ha8BaHHUXl Wb HeifB
jihiií^, HejiB3a He 8aM4raTB, *to b*b nepByro noJOBHHy mapcTBOBaHia
HMnepaTopa eny y^ajiocB ospysnTb cefa, no Rpa&HeA M*p4 OTqacTH,
BHAaromHMHca jiidabmh, hvl rotopuxi oahh — rp. CnepaHCRift, rp. KaH-
ftpHHT., rp. Mopabhhobi, rh. Ko^ySefi, kh. BopoHn,OBT>~6tiJiH aaB^n^aHH
«My npeAXHAymHM-B ijapcTBOBameii-B, ho Apyrie— C. C. YBapoBa, R. H.
BjiyAOBi, ^. ,11,. flaniROB-B, 6ap. M. A. Kop^i, rp. n. X. KscejieBi,
B. A. HepoBCRift — 6ujih BHABHHyTH na nepBHfl njiaHi caMHMi Hhro*
jiaeiťB I-M%. UpaBAa, oAHHaBOBHMi hjih enje 6ó^BniHirB BJiiHHievs
nojn>80BajHCL yse Tor^a jidah coBepmeHHO Apyroro poAa, HanpH-
Mtpi» rp. BeHKeHAop^, rh. HepHumeBB, rp. KaeftHMHxeJiB, rp.
3aRpeBCRÍfi; ho oóm.ift tohi ynpaBieHiro AaBajiH Bce-TaRH nepBue,
a 3THM-B. b-b SHaiHTejiBHoA CTeneHH, o6*BacHfleTca nepeMÍHa k% xyA-
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H3R OBII^ECTBEHHOft XPOHHKH. 461
měny, HacTynasoma* bo BTopoft hojobhhíi copoROBuxi rojoBt, noará
Tóro KaKt ^aniKOBa 3anÍHHjn> rp. B. H. EfaHHHi, BjiyjOBa (b*b mhhh-
crepcTBi BHyTpeHHHX-B aíjtb) — •!• A. IlepoBCRifi, rp. KaHKpHHa— rp.
BpoHqeHKO, botom-b n. 6. EpoR*, rp. YsapoBa — kh. mupHHCBifi-niHX-
MaTOB^, a rp. KjiefiHMHxeiB coxpaHHJTB cboA hoct-b h rp. 3aKpeBCRiĚ,
ojho Bpeiia HaxoAHBmiAcfl vb HeMHJiocTH, 6hjtb HasHaqeHi mocrobcrhms
reHepajii-ryóepHaTopoMi. rp. A. 6. OpjoBi hh b*b ven ne npeBoexo-
jhjtb rp. BeHKeB^op^a, kh. B. A. ftoaropyROBB— rh. HepHumeBa, h bt>
hojiobhh* naTHAecaraxi rojoBi eAHBCTBeHHUMi rocyaapcTBeHHHMB ie-
JIOBÍKOMl> MeSAy MHHHCTpaMH, BpOMÍ rp. II. R. RHC6J6Ba, ÓHJTB JI,. T.
Bh6hkobt>, hb onpaBxaBmiA, Bani mhhhctp* BHyTpeHHHXi a&tb, . tíxt>
oxHjamň, ROTopua Morao BosíyjHTB ero ynpaBjeme Dro-sana^HUM^
Rpaem. Bb KaKHxt pyRaxi, *a»e b* Havaji i^pcTBOBama Hhrojmui
ílaBJOBH^a, HaXO^HJIHCL HÍKOTOpUfl BčUKHifimis OTpaCJH aAMHHHCTpan,ÍH
— oó* dtowb MoacHo cy*HTB no xapaRTepHCTHKi rp. EeHReHjop4>a, ca&-
jaHHofi 6ap. M. A. Kop$oMi h npHBeaeHHoft wl íbohlckož khhjkkí
„PyCCKOfi CTapHHH" (CTp. 472—3). Bb TOfi XB BHBSRt SaROH^BHa HHT6-
pecHaa cTaTbJí o B. A. IlepoBCRoiťB, jBa pasa saHHuaBineMi npu Hime-
paTopi HHRoiai I-m-b jojjrhoctb reHepajEB-ryóepHaTopa opeHÓyprcRaro
Bpa* h óescnopHo npEHa^uesamaro n nncjiy sairfwaTejBHUXfc aia-
Taieft tož 9BOXH. Botl hto roBopHTB o homb aBTopt ero 6iorpa$ÍH,
RaRi H6JiB8fl jyqme pacnoJoseHHHft vb CBoeMy repoD. „IIohatb xapaR-
repb DepoBCRaro aobojbho TpyjHo; to ohb 6hjii cjiHmROMB Aoópt h
MHJOCTHBX, CHHCXOAHTejieHl K% CMÓOCTBHfc jpyrHXB, TO yKB 0H6HB
CTpon h BSHCRaTejeHtI HhoS paši sto 6hjkb 8BÍpb, a ho hojob^ri.
PaacKaaHBaDTi, ito b-b RapaaMOBCROĚ <yraHHi$ (opeHÓyprcKaro BoficBa)
ohi xo cMepTH 3anopojKb Kasaná 3a to, hto totb ho xot4jtb yiacTBO-
BaTB wl o6n^ecTB6HHo& sanamRii, a npHiHTaioiiii&ca Ha ao.ho ero combe
xjrbfa HaiiipeB&xcji npaMo sacunaTB wb oóm,ecTBeHHHft MarasHffB, óesfc
bcsrhxb xjionorB. IlepoBCRifi npHHajii bto sa ocjiymaHie Ha^ajibCTBy f
sa 6yHTL, npHrjiacHJKb CBameHHHRa, npHRasajii eiiy HcnoBi^aTL h npH-
qaCTHTB BHHOBHarO H TyTB »6, H6 BUXO^JI H3i-3a CTOJia, 3a KOTOpHM-B
bhjtb qafi, Bejiij-L bb ab4 HarafiRH nojiocoBaTB RasaRa &o rfexi. nopi 9
noRa totb ho ynept no^i yaapaMH a . 9tot% ýaRTB ao Taaofl cTeneHH
ysaceni, ito hobojibho BosHHKaerB comh£hí6 b*b nojHoft ero aoctob^p-
hocth. Hto HaRasaHia RHyTOMB, njieTBMH, mnHDjpyTeHaMH Hepi^Ko 0KaH-
HHBaJSHCL Wb TO BpeMJI CM6pTBD HaRa3HBa6MarO HJIH HaRa8aHHarO— 3TO
6e3cnopHo, h xyse TaRofi RBajiH$Hi^HpoBaHHo& 9 saMacRHpoBaHHofi cmepT-
Hofi RasHH HH^ero H6JB3A ce6i H npeACTaBHTBJ HO OHa BCe-TaRH na-
SHaiajacB no cy^y, 3a npecTynaeme, h HasHa^aBmie ee cyABH MorjiH
oÓMaHUBaTB ceÓA npe^noJioseHieMi, ^to ocysAOHHUĚ BH^epsHTL na-
RasaHie. Bb cjiyna*, pascRasuBaeMoifB y óiorpaýa B. A. DepoBCRaro,
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462 filCTHHRl EBPOIIil.
sa3HB onpe^i JfleTca iipohbbojiomt, ajMHHHCTpaTopa, óeai BCARaro 3aR0H-
earo r* tomy noBoaa, h onpejÉMeTca oÓjyifaHHO h xjajHORpoBHO, cb
aojiHUHi co3HaHieM^ ea nocjii^CTBifi. 3eaMeHaTejibHa yse ojHa bob-
MO3KH0CTB B08BBRHOB6HÍA HOflOÓHHXfc pa3CRa30B*B, BB OCOÓeHHOCTH ROrja
ohh npiypoHHBaiDTca He ki ApasqeeBy hjih apaaieeBiiaMB, a Kt rocy-
AapcTBeHHOMy qeioBtsy, OTjiH^HTejibHOK) qepTOH) soToparo BOBce He
6uEdL secTOKocTB. IlepoBCBifi abjuotca bjícb npexcTaBHTejieiťB CBoero
BpeMeHH — Bp6M6HH, ROTOpoe Ci HCTOpHieCROfi TO<IKH Sp^HÍfl MOJBHO
ijíhhtb pasjíH^Ho, ho B03Bpam,eHÍfl k*b KOTopoMy nejLhM. aejiaTB hh b*b
saROMi uiyiafe. Mosho 6htb cnpaBeAJiHBHiťB rx npomeAmeMy, ne bos-
bojuj ero bi ypoRi &aa Hacroamaro h b-b nxeajTB w óyaymaro.
HpoijeccB r. JKe^eHeBa, pascMaTpHBaBinifica HOAaBHo wb c.-neiep-
tfyprcROM-B oRpysHOM^ cyj* h oROHHHBmiftca npHseaHieiTB nojcyj*HMaro
BHHOBHHMfc B«B npH1HH6HÍH I\ MeHBIHHROBy HOTASROfl paHH, BHOBB CTa-
BHTB Ha O^epOAB BOnpOCL O TOMi, RaR*B npeAynpOAHTB, DO B03MOSHO-
cth, jiHHHyD pacnpaBy, BHBHBaeMyro raseTHHMH hjih sypHajiBHUMH
cTaTBHMH, 8totb BonpocB tícho CBfldaHi vb ApyniiťB: noqeMy jiHija,
npH3Haromia cefia ocaoptÍJieHHHMH b*b nenara, cpaBBirrejiBHO pijuto
o6pain,aH)TCfl r-b cyny, npeftnoqHTaa AoÓHBaTBca yjoBjíeTBopema hhhhh
cnocoóaMH, mohío aoctoShéimh h jase, noBHAHMOMy, Menta i^eco-
06pa8HUMH? IIpHTOHB 8TOMy, RaRl HaifB RaSOTCH, ffbčROJBBO, H H6 BC*
OHt o£HHaROBO JierKO ycTpaHHMti. HHorAa cyAeÓHoe hpohbboactbo npeA-
€TaBjMeTcn oÓHaeHHOMy— hjih c^HTaromeiiy ceóa oÓnaeHHHiťB — nyTOMi
CJtHHIROH^ MeJtSeHHHlfB H H6A0CTaT0*H0 B*pHHM^; OHB H6 XOWTB Xffltth
h4crojibro irtcaijeBi, MoserB (Shtb Aaae hícrojibro jiítb — hjih ho
BHOJIHÍ yBipOHl B-B TOlťB, 1T0 B*B OCROpÓHBHieft 61*0 CípTBi 6jAJV^
ycMOTptHLi npHSHaRH npocTynRa, Rapaenaro yrojioBHHMi saROHOirB.
BHor^a oónaeHHHft He aeaaei-B orjiacRH, conpaaeHHofi c-b cyAeÓHHirB
pa3ÓnpaTe jbctbomi.— He aejiaerB ea hjih bt> BHAy ocoóaro xapaRTepa
o6hau, aaTporHBaromeft, HanpMMipx, RaRÍH-jiH6o ceMefiHHa TafiHH, hjih
doai» BJiiHHÍeMi onaceHÍH, ^to Ha cy^* oÓHapyaHTca emfi apie Henpa-
BOTa »ajJo6ni,HKa. HHorAa, HaKoeen,i>, o6hs6hhh& yBjíeKaeTCH nopiiBoiťB
pasApaaeHia, MbmMom&wb eMy bbbíchtb SHa^eHie h Docjrfi.ncTBia CBoero
nocTynaa. Bb nocjiiAHeMi cjiy^ai HHRaRHxi HCRyccTBeHHuxi rapaHTÍft
npoTHBi caMoynpaBCTfia cos^aTB HejiBM: oho nepecTaHerB 6htb bosmos-
huhi tojibro Tor^a, Kor^a pacnpocTpaHHTCH h oKpineerL yóiaieHie,
1T0 BHCTpÍJIH f HJI6BRH H y^apU — DJIOXÍO CHOCo6u B08CTaH0BJieHÍA H6-
cth. HejierRO y^epsaTB otb Hacnjiia h Tóro, rto cosHaerL npaBHJiB-
hoctb oÓBHHeHia, B3B6AeHHaro Ha Hero bi neqaTH, h AyMaerL ho ctojbro
061 onpaBAaHÍH, crojibro o mh^6híh. BecBMa BipoaTHO, o^HaKO, qTo h
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H31 OBH^EOTBEHHOfi XPOHHEH. 463
TasiH juu*a piae npHÓferajni 6u kb KyjuraHoft pacnpaB*, gcjihóh y hhx*b
6tUa OTHflTa BOBMOSHOCTB CCUiaTBCJI Ha HOAOCTaTOqHOCTB MHpOJIDÓH-
bux-l, jieraiBHiixi cpejCTB* caMO&am,HTH. Eme BasH&e, koh6hho, ycn-
jieHie 9THX-B cpe^CTB-B 6hjio 6u bo bcíx-b tíxi> cuyqaaxi, Ror.ua jmijo,
bona fide cqHTa»mee ce6a ocRopfaeHHHMi, oaafoqeHO tojlko CHmieMi c*
cefia H68acjiys6HBaro,no ero mhíhí©, naTHa. Hsoójnraaa BJoynoTpefaeHia h
irpaBOHapymeHifl, npocjritaya fiéraecTHocTB, ropbtctb, jeoctoroctb, rj4 6h
h bi H6M-B 6h ohí hh npoaBjMJncB, BCTynaflCB sa yrHeraeiraxi h ymi-
saemraB, nenaTB Hecero Bejuoe oómecTBOHHoe cjyseme, sacjryaH-
Ba»mee h Tpe6y»m,ee nojtfep»RH co CTopoHH oómecTBa h rocyxapcTBa;
HO FB ea jtf&HTeiBHOCTH, BaR*B H BO BCHRO& JPY 1 ^ BCTpiTODTCH OHIHÓBH,
BeTp^HaDTca h HaMfepeHHHa yuoHeHia on npaw*. Bcero Jiy^rae o6ea-
neqHBajo 6u cl oahoíí ctopohu npaBa neqara, ci xpyrofi — npaBa qacr-
hotb jhiji, Taicoe nojiosoHie Bemeft, npH rotopovb, Hapajiy ci o6hr-
HOBeHHoft cyaeóHoft aajio6ofl, bosmosho 6hjio 6h oópameme rt» cyny
iob&cth mh qecTH, cBOÓOAHOMy otl (j)opMajbHocTefi, 6e8anejuiai^ioHHOify
H HHHiMX H6 CTÍCH6HH0My B*L paCRpHTÍH HCTHflU. ROHOqHO, BCÍ 8TH
ycioBia h Tenepb coeAHHaerB TpeTeftcBoe hpohsboactbo; ho wa yqpe-
MMflBw TpereftcKaro cyaa hooóxoahmo bb RaajOM-B oTjtisHOMfc cay-
qai, Bo-nepBuxt — coraacie otfuixi ctopoh-b Ha btotb cnocofe pfcmeHia
Ataa, bo-btopuxi — corjianreHie hxi othochtoabho Bti6opa nocpe^HH-
sobi hjh, no KpaĚHefi iiipi, o6m,aro nocpe*HHBa (cynepi-apÓHTpa).
H to, h jpyroe Tpeóyera BpeMOHH, TpeÓyerB neperoBopoBB, Tpeóyera
6ojiie hjih MeHte cnoBoĚHaro h npHMHpHTOJiBHaro HacTpoema, najo
BtpoaTHaro hmohho bt> nepBoiTB, acryqeiťB <j>a3HC* cnopa. Majiftmee
Herepninie, Majtóftmaa ropaqHOCTB c* toř hjh apyroft ctopohu — h
npOTHBHHBH OHHTB OCTaDTCfl JMIJOM* KB JMIjy, Vb npOSHHMH HiaHCaifH
ocTparo CToiKHOBeHia. Cobcímb HHaqe MoryrB cjiosHTBca o6ctoht6JIB-
CTBa, ecjH JiHTepaTypHufi cyjfc qecTH óyaerB yqpesAemeMB hoctohh-
hhhb, jenco AOCTynHHMt h Moryn^HiťB npncTynHTB k% pas6opy x^Jia
xase 6e8i npaifo BupaaeHHaro coraacia 0TB*TqHKa. Tasofi cja% bos-
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opraHHBOBaHHaro oÓn^ecTBa hjih coroaa npo^eccioHaJiBHUxi nncaTejieft.
HsópaHHue ho jjm onpeA^JieHHaro A^a, a Ha bsbícthuS cpoK^, bi
TaKOMl HHCJIÍ, npH KOTOpOMl MOSHO 6tíJ0 6u HpH3lJBaTB HXl HO Sp6-
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cy^a qecTH 6ujih 6u hbctojibko íeanpncTpacTHH h aBTopHTOTHu, qTO
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464 B&CTHHK& EBPOIUL
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npe*no<iecTB peBOJBBep-B hjih Harafisy cyay *ecTH, sHaiHJo 6u sapa-
hžo npH3HaTB ce(5a HenpaBUMi. Kto Aopoauira uanasaHieMz oÓHAHHRa,
WH TOrO, K0H6HH0, Cyfl-B H6CTH H6 MOSeTL 3aMÍHHTB OÓURHOBeHHarO
cyaa; ho b«b óojbniHHCTBi cjyqaeBt xjm oÓHseHHaro BasHo tojbro
onpoBepseme ji»h hjih oihhórh, nymeHHoft bt> o6opon» nyTero neiaTH
—a 8Ta i$j» Bcero jyqnie AoarHraeTCJi oope^iJieHieirB cyja qecTH,
onytfjiHKOBaHHHMX bo Bceoómee cBifteme.
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ynoMAHyroe HaMH oónjecTBO nacaTejieft. Tom ABa Tony Hasa^B híro-
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HajHCTOB-L, i^eHTpajiBHHft ópraHx KOToparo 6hjtb 6u o6jLmewb h3b*ct-
HOD BJaCTLE), aHaJIOrHHHOD BiaCTH COB*Ta npHCJiaHHXi HOBipeHHHXt.
IIpOTHB-L BTOrO npOORTa MU UpejCTaBHJIH, Wb CB06 Bp6MA *), JMRb B08-
paseHifi, yRasaBi Ha saTpyAHema, ob rotophmh ówra 6u conpa-
seHa opraHHsaitfa HOBaro aCocaoBia", Ha onacHocTb, ROToporo oho yrpo-
aajo 6u h óesi Tóro yse ctojeb Majio npoi^iTaDmefi y HacB cboóojí
cJOBa. HíejiaTejiBHo, ob Hamefi toirh sp^Hia, tojbro TaRoe o6m,ecTBo
DHcaiejiefi, npHHaAJiesHocTB r*b ROTopoMy hh w Koro He 6iua 6u
ofaaaTejiBHa, BCTynjieHie vb ROTopoe 6ujo 6 ti oÓycjioBJíeHo ero
coraacieirB h BJiacTB ROToparo no oTHomemiD k% cbohm* qjeHaHB He
npocrapajracB 6u jadrné yjaiema hx-b hsi oómecTBa. BcTynaa b-b co-
ctobi, oómecTBa, HHcaTejiB hoa^hhhjich 6u, 3THM-B caMHin, HSÓnpae-
MOMy hb-b ero cpeju cyjy cobícth hjih tocth, r-b nocpeaHHHecray ro-
Toparo MorjiH 6li oópamaTbca, no csoeMy ycMOTp^HÍD, RaRi caMH ns-
CaTeJH, Bfc CBOHXi BSaHMHETCB HejOpasyMimaX-B, TaK-B H UOCTOpOHHia
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CTOHHHUH!B Cy^OlTB H6CTH, OpraHHSOBaHHUlTB npH COD3ÍJ HO HOCJIÍAHÍA
6wlt> 6u BcerAa otrphtb h Bcer.ua AocTyneHi, Ha toto cjyqaft, eejnóu
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cy^a. BcHRifi, sax^Tufi wb neqaTH, hmíjtb 6u noJiHyro bo3mo»hoctb ao-
óhtbch wb KpaTqaftmift cpoRi, 6e3*B xjiohotb h pacxoAOB^B, rtxi o6x-
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c-l opysieiii bi pyaax-B, h saTiMi— MOTHBHpoBaHHaro pimeHia no cy-
njecTBy cnopHaro Bonpoca. IIocTaHOBjeHHoe nporaBB nncaTejui, sto pi-
meme 6hjio 6u Han^y^niHMi y^oBJíeTBopeHieMi pa sajio6n^HRa; no-
CTaHOBjíeHHoe b*b nojiBsy nncaTe-w, oho bosboahjio 6u jiH^Hoe ero mh4-
Hie Ha CTeneHB ROJJieRTHBHaro BsrjiHAa n,iJiaro yqpes^eHia — h sthitb
caMLiMB AiJaiio 6u HpaBCTBeHHO-HeBosMosHHMi Aa^bHiňmee npecjri-
f ) Cm. n 06m. XpoHKy" vb 2ě 5 „Bícth. EBpoira" b* 1894 r.
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H3*B OBmECTBEHHOft XPOHHKH. 465
AOBaHie nepBOHaqajBHaro o6bhhht6m. HenoAcyABHMH cyAy secra ocTa-
bajihcb 6u f npaB^a, HHcaTejiH, He BXOAamie b-b cocteb-b coK>3a; ho,
Bo-aepBUx-B, cobosob-l mosotb 6htb híckojibko, h sasAiift hsi hhx*
vosero hmítb CBofi cyjťB iocth; BO-Bropuxfe, aoÓpobojbho hoa^hhhtbcji
cyxy qecTH, HsópaHHOMy codbomi, moiuh 6u, bi tom* hjdi ApyroiťB
wTxb&hBowb cayqafe, h nHcaraJH, He npHHa^jeatamie xi ucxy qjieHOBi
coioaa; B^-TpeTtHxt, nocTeneHHo pacnpocTpaHattaj&aca e% oómecTBi,
tixaroAap* cyxavi qecra, npHBuqxa Kt MHpoJuoÓHBOMy pasóopy o6bh-
HeHifi, bsboahmhxi neiaTBi) h npoTHB-L neiaTH, Moraa 6h orpajms
OT% HaCHJIbCTBeHHHXl A*fiCTBÍft H t4x*B HHCaTOJieŘ, KOTOpUe OCTaJtHCB
6lJ Bl CTOPOHÍ OTb COlDBa HJDIH CODBOffB. Mil HaA^OMCA, D03TOMy, OTO
HanaAeHiji bt> poA* t&x-b, ROTopura noABeprAHCB, wb npoAOJiaeHie
AByxi* iťfectfn.eBi,, pe^asTopu hjh HSAaTejH Tpexi noBpeifeHHHxt ns^a-
híA, CKopo BCTpiT^TB nperpaAy wb míjí coD8a hjh oómecTBa nHcaTe-
jefi, opraHH30BaHHaro Ha yxasaHHHXi Havn Haraiaxi 1 ). CyA* cobí-
CTH HJIH H6CTH Óy^OTt, X0H6HH0, TOJIBKO OAHOX) Wb COCTaBHHXi qaCTOfi
aroro oÓmecTBa, HHpojnoÓHBoe paspimeme cnopoKB— toabro oahod h8*b
aaxa^b ero. Bí» aoÓpoboj&hoicb, cboóoahomi eAHHOHÍH nncaiejiefi Ha
Bas^oHi máry qyBCTByeTca HOTpeÓHocTB, xajexo HOAocxaToqHO yAOBae-
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MHosecTBo oÓh^hxi BonpocoBi, TpeóyromHXi) xojuieKTHBHaro o6cy»A©-
bííí. E^HHOAymie BaraiflAOKB h cxpeítieHift— bobco ho HeoóxoAHMoe ycao-
Bie xjh Tasoi coBM^CTHoň ^-kmejíLHocTH; AocTaToiHo BsaHMHaro yBa-
xbhíh, npHSHaxoMt h BupaseHieifB KOToparo cayanra cl oahoS cto-
poHii aejiaeie BCTynHTb, ct> APyroft— coriacie • hphhatb wb <uieHH 06-
mecTBa*
OapaB^aHie Bcfcxi noAcyAHMuxi noHSB^CTHOHy MyiBTaHCxoMy jiijiy
— HBjeme tíwb 6ojie oTpaAHoe, qfciťB MeHBme 6jiaronpÍHTCTBOBaj[H eMy
yejiOBÍH, npn KOTopuxi, b*b TpeTÍfi h, Ha^teMCii, nocjiŠAHifi paši, cjiyma-
jiocb A^Jio. HaaHaieHie paaÓHpaTaabCTBa Hfe m> KaaaHH, a b% HeóojibmoMi,
ropoAKi MaMaAHrat, 6jih3komi, k*b MtcTHocTH, rxb BO8HHKJ10 A*ao h paaro-
ptjHCb B08Óy«A6HHUa HM-B CTpaCTH*, H0py?eHÍ6 OÓHBaHHOCTefi 06bHHHT6JIA
vb OAHofi cropoHbi Tovy caMOMy JiHuy npoxypopcxaro Ha^sopa, qpesBuqafi-
Hoe ycepAie KOToparo HaJiosHJio oco6y» nenaTB Ha npeABapHTejiBHoe
cjitACTBie h Ha ABa nepBuxi cyAeÓHUXt paaóopa, cb APyroň CTopoHH —
TOBapHH^y oposypopa cyAeÓHot najiaTu, T.-e. npeACTaBHTeiK) Bucniefi
*) UpoeKTb ycTpoftcTBa TaKoro oómecTBa, ckojbko HaMt h3bíctho, yxe cociaweHi
ciopo 6ji&n vjafiwb vb xoxi.
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466 BftCTHHKB EBPOIIH.
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CHjy; OTKa3T> b*b Aonpoci CBHAiwejrefi h aBcnepTOBi, BHCTaBj^HHHXt sa-
m;HToft — Bce 9to no3BOJMjio onacaTbca HOBaro noBTopenifl cy^eÓHOŘ
oihhókh, BOTopyD, MoserB 6htb, h ne y^ajocí, 6u wb TpeTift pas*
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hhx* aac4,naTejiefi— Bce-TaKH, Ha stotb pa3t, nocTaBjeHHHXi wb Jiyn-
mia ycjiOBiji, yíwb b*b Capanyjrfc hjih EaaÓyrfc — b&mh CBoe, h MHHVoe
qejoBťiecKoe sepTBonpHHomeHie otohmo b*b oójtoctb cnasoiťB. Ocnapn-
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seni, Bcerw roTOBBia ctohtb Ha CTopofffc oÓBHHeHia — ho oh* yxHmpa-
idtch ofipaTHTB ero bi opyiúe npoTHBi... cy^a npHca«HUXil yRa3aBi>
Ha oÓmepacnpocTpaHeHHoe MHime, hto MyjBTaHCRie noAcyAHMHe 06a-
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hjih Apyroro nncaTejia?.. Hobojibbo JiBjíHeTca CTpaxi aa yiacTB HHose-
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jih yaacTCJi Hafira torhxi dHeprnqHuxx h HenpeAycMOTpiHHHXi cyAe6-
humh ycTaBaMH aamHTHHROB*. Bíab a*jm o nejiOB^ecEHXi sepTBo-
npHHomeHijixi, cjiaBa Bory, BoSHHKaorB He lacro, a b^b yÓiftcTBax-B h
rpaóexaxt Ka»Aufi AeHB o6bhhhr)tch acchtrh h cothh JiroAeň. EfocatA-
CTBÍH OÓBHUHTeJIBHHX-B npHTOBOpOBt H TTTB He VeH^O THSRH pfl OCyS-
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TOJIBRO OÓHRHOBOHHO HHBOMy H Wh rOJOBy H6 HpHXOAHTl AORanbIBaTbCH
Mfi BCÍXT> TOHROCTeft Hpe^BapHTeJIBHUXl A03HaHÍĚ H CJltACTBÍfi... ^lllfB
pyROBOACTBOBaiHCB npHCJisHue (no MyjiBTaHCROMy Afay), npHHHMaa to
hjih Apyroe pbmeBÍe t ocTaeTcá, pasyMteTCH, HeHSB^CTHO, a HecoMoheeo
TOJbKO, qTo to hjih Apyroe m% hhx-b óujio cy^eÓHOD oniHÓRofi. Hirb
Ha^oÓBOCTH bxoahtb Bi noApoÓHoe o6cy»Aeeie Bonpoca, kto BHHOBarB
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bo bcaroicb cjiyqai acho, hto npH cyra.ecTByBOin.eMx nopjiAR^ Bem,ež
rapauTÍH npaBocyAia ORasuBaDTCH BecBMa maTRHMH. KaR-B 6u hh cTa-
pajiacB neiaTB, roTOBaa hphhochtb cbohm-b udoAawb b*b aepTBy caHoe
npaBocyAie, noAAepaHBaTB b-b nyfijiHRt noKJioeeme hmí, ýaRTU KaaAHft
AOhb npHBOAATB ee Kb hobhmi npoTHBop^qiflM^ h bco 6oi4e pacmaTU-
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ffiřB OBnp&OTBEHHOft XPOHHKH. 467
h Tasí njnoxo cfflHTa, hto pacnoasaeTca bo Bet ctopohu. ?to cyAfc npH-
cjishuxi> ajm jHÓepajibHoft ne^aTH bobcb He udoAb— jiyqmHMi Aonaaa-
TeABCTBOMi 3TOMy cayarara HM6HH0 MyjibTaHCKoe a^jio. EcjihÓh oea
BOSBOAHJna HenorpifflHMocTb npHCASHuxi Ha CTeneHB AomaTa, bt* aeprBy
KOTopoMy MoateTx 6htb npHHeceHo Aa»e npaBocy^ie, paaBt OHa CTajia
6u Ha CTopony B. T. KopoaeHKO, Bcfc ycHJiia KOToparo 6hjih HanpaB-
jeHU r% pacKptiTiío oraHĎKH, (fea jwwa AonymeHHoft npHcaaHUMH? He
acHo jih, hto eň HyjKHO 6i>mo 6h, HaoCopora, oTCTaHBaTb nepBue ABa
BepAHKTa, ^OKaSUBaTB BHHOBHOCTB BOTJIROBl? HH O neWb DOAOĎHOBfB,
oAHano, Ha CTpaHHi^axi> jiHóepajiBHUxi H8AaHiĚ He óhjio m pim 3am;H-
maTB cyA*B hphcjijrhhxi, He 3HaqHrt eme aapanfce npHBHaBaTB npa-
bhjbhhwb Kaaíoe oTjiJi&Hoe ptnieHie, nocTaHOBJíeHHoe bthmt* cyAOMfc.
Oihhórh bosmoshu h co CToponu cy&a npBcasHuxi; oni tojbro Meuie
BtpoflTHH npH aToft <j>opir& cyAa, Tbift npn BcaKoft Apyroft, — h 9Toro
AocTaTOHHO, tto6h oT^aTB eS DpenaiymecTBo nepeA^ ocTaabHHMH. Ha-
npacHO, AaJibe, iiocROBCRaa raseTa BUCKaaHBaeTca npoTUKB o6cy»AeHÍa
Bonpoca, rto BHHOBarB Bfc cyAeÓHoft oihhÓrí: Tasoe oGcyHAeme Heod-
xoahmo yse noTOMy, hto 663% Hero HeaBBa dphhhtb irbpi npoTHBi
DOBTopeHin offlHfioBi. MyjiBTaHCRoe kíjlq oÓHapysHBaerB, yse ne wb
nepBuft para, onacHocTb nojHiteficRaro npoHSBOJia npH hpohbboactbí ao-
3HaHÍĚ, OnaCHOCTB 3an()3AOUXl> CJrtACTBGHHHXl A*ftCTBÍft, OHaCHOCTB
H&HHHIHHrO ycepAÍ* CO CTOpOBbí OÓBHHHTeJIBHOft BJiaCTH, ODaCHOCTB Ha-
RjioHeHÍH bícobx na cyA* bt> nojiBsy oÓBHHeHÍH, oTRaaom bi» Aonoane-
híh cy^eÓHaro cjtíactbíh no TpeóoBaHiaMi saiUHTU. Ocbíthb^b, cb nopa-
3HTeJU>HOK) apROCTBH), BCÍ OpOÓliJIH, BCt 60JTk3BeHBUe HapOCTH MyjIB-
TaHCsaro A^aa, B. I\ KopoaeHRO ORasajii Be ji Hity© ycjyry He oahhitb
TOJIBRO H6CqaCTHHM«B MyABTaHCRHlCB BOTARaWB. OffB BUCTaBHJTB Ha BHJťB
cia6ufl ctopohh Hamefi yrojioBHo-cyAeĎHoft iipaRTHRH, cjihdikom^ qacro
Hiymefi b*b pasplwB cb nocTaHOBJíeHiaMH cy^eÓHiaxi ycTaBOBi; a co-
3BaHÍe He^ocraTKOB^ — nepBHfi man> r-b hx*b HcnpaBJíeHiio. CoBepmeHHo
BbpHo, ^to „3HeprH?Hue aau^HTHHRH, HenpeAycMOTpiHHHe cy^eÓBLiMH
ycTaBaMH tt , BCTpt^aDTca Rpaftoe piARo— ho HMeeBo noTOMy oco66hho
H6o6xoahmo yjiyqmeHie cyAeÓHux^ HpaBOBi, B08Bpan^eHÍe kt> ay^mHicB
TpaAHB,iaMi> mecTHAecjiTHXTb roAOBi, chjibho nocTpaAaBmHifB b*b Tepeme
docji^Ahhxi AByxi AecjiTHJitTiň. HMeHHo noTOMy, íto bo mhosoctbí
cjiyqaeBT> HeROMy n AORanHBaTBca a , b*b HHTepecax-B noAcyAHMaro, „ao
Bctxi* TOHRocTefi A08HaHÍfl h c ji actbí a " , sejiaTejiBHo TaRoe BeAeHie
Tóro h Apyroro, npn ROTopoífB h He- 6hjio 6h naAOÓHocTH b*b ff AORanu-
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maTRHMH K , 3T0 BaBHCHTB, CHJIOHIB H pHAOlfB, B6 OTB HeCOBepmeHCTBl
cy^eÓBaro crpoa, co3AaHHaro pe4>opMofl 1864 r., a otb nop^H, Majo-iio-
Majy bt> Hero 3aRpaBme&cH h caHRi^ioHHpoBaHHofi, ao H3BicTHoft CTe-
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468 BftCTHmťB EBPOIIH.
neHH, oóuiaeirB hjih sasoHOMi... DpeACTaBHirB ce6i, fla MHHyTy, to> y
HacB Hťrt cy.ua npHcasebiXT, hjih hto hs-b bíachía ero h3tjitu A**a
o6t> y6iftcTB*L íto MyjiBTaHCKift npoijeccb, npeAocTaBjfóHHuft ptmeHic
KopoHHaro cyAa, okoh^bjicjí 6h bt> nepBuft h bo BTopoft pa3i> tohho
Tasí ae, xasi h b«b cyA* npHca»HHXTb — T.-e. ocysAemera noAcyAH-
MHXt, — B% OTOVI H6 M0S6T% ÓHTB HHRaROIK) COMH^HLff, DOTOMy 1TO
At^Te^bHOCTb KopoHHura cyAeft (ocoóeHuo npa BTOpOlťB pa3CM0Tp-bHÍH
A*Jia) óbuia sceitfuo HanpaBJíefla HMeHHo kb aocths6hík) oÓBHBHTGJb-
naro BepAHRTa; ho RaROBi óuiib 6u BipoaTHufi hcxoa*b TpeTBaro pas-
ÓHpaTejibCTBa? Mu eABa jh omnóeiicH, ecjiH cRasero: oásunumeÁtatmí.
3an^HT% 9 ecjiHÓH ona uN^jia aíjio c% cyAOira RopoHHuiťB, 6hjio 6u ro-
paaAO TpyAete npoÓHTB Ty <5poH» npeABsaraxi B3rjMAOB-B, BOTopy»
cRoBajio npeABapMTejibHoe ciíactbío h yitpiniuio AByapaTHoe cyAeÓHoe
npon3BOACTBo. CyABH H6 toabro capány a icRaro, ho h Apyroro, cocía-
Hflro cyAa (ocoóeHHo npn yqaciiH capanyjbCKofi npoKypaTypu) othbc-
jHCb 6u xi> uoAcyAHMbiM-L c*b ropasAo GÓABniHifB npeAyÓisAGHieiťb, ikwh
npHC^aeue, &o Thx% nopi» CTOHBmie bt» ctopohí otb 6opb6u MesAy
OÓBHHeHÍeWB H SamHTOfi. Ct BTOft TOWH 3pÍHÍH MyJBTaHCROe a*Jo *b-
jiaerca, 6e3cnopeo, CHJiBHHiťB apryiieHTOMt b-l nojiBsy cyAa npHCjjacHHXT,.
Ci CTpaHHUMH npoTMBopi^iflMH iiphxoahtcji HHorAa BCTphqaTbca
b*b aypHajiaxt, nocTaBHBOiHxi ce64 saAaqefl 6opb6y ci, iMÓepajHSMOHi.
Bt> OABOfi H3*B DOCJltAHHXl CBOHXT, EHH&eRl „PyCCRÍJi BtCTHHR-b" H3JH-
Baert i$jiyiD lamy HeroAOBaHia Ha ApyroA sypHajrt, oÓBHHHBiniň ero
b-b „nojHTHqecKoifB aohoc4 u . 06BHHeHÍa BToro poAa, no mh£híe> „Pyc-
csaro BtcTHHKa", aoxjrhu <5htb paai HaBcerAa CAaHu wb apxHBi. Htó
npoHSHocHTca rpoMorjacHo, nepeA^ ayAHTopiei b*b hIicrojibro mam
hjih A&se AecaTKOBi thchh-b leaoBfaťB, to ho MoaerB 6htb doabo-
AHMO hoa*b noHarie o aohocí: oti oÓBHiraeMaro BcerAa saBHCHTB oópa-
thtb npoTHBt oóbhhhtojijí ero se co6ctb6hho6 opyAÍe, T.-e. neqaTHoe
cjobo. He óujio eme opniiipa, ítoóu Tasí HasuBaeuuá t nojiHTHqe-
caifi AOHocx tt 9 HAymJft orb KoecepBaTHBHOÍf npeccu, npHqHHHJii KCMy-
jihóo RaaoS-HHÓyAB ymepói hjih RaKyro-BHÓyAb HenpLiTHocTB. Hhrto
óojibine He b^phtb, ^to onacno BecTH coopi Ch ROHcepBaTHBHHMH syp-
HajiaMH. 7Ra3aHÍe Ha TaRyD onacHocTB — hs6hthí npieifB JinóepajbHbixx
DOJieMHCTOBl, CBKA^TeiBCTByjOmiS TOJIBRO O TOMt, TTO y HHXTb HO XBa-
TaerB nopoxy mb OTBtTa no cyn^ecTBy... TaRi pascysAaerB „Pyccaift
BÍCTHHR*B C Ha CTp. 312 MaflCROfi RHHSRH,— a HŠCROJIBRHMH CTpaHHUaVH
paHbrae (304—5) oÓBHHHTejiBHufi aarb npoTHBi sypnajut („Pyccaaro
BoraTCTBa a ), „doa* 3HaMeHeifB a ROToparo B co6pajiCH RpysoRi JHÓe-
pajiBHiixi, Aaae paAnsajiBHBixi CTaposipoB^* 1 , aaRUDiaercji cjrfcAy©-
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HffL OEm.ECTBEBHOft XPOHHBH. 469
iii,hmh cjoBaMH: „sama jn6epaju h b-l qacTHHXB pasroBopaxx, h b*
sypaajaxi, hoctobbbo sajtymca Ha OTcyTCTBie 7 aacB cboÓoah ne-
qaTH. 9th s&iotíii npoHHKaiorL h 8a pyfiesi, noazaamcfí b% hho-
cTpaHHLixi> nepioAHqecBHX* BBAaBiaxi. Pyccsaa ceoúoda nenamu cit-
jiajiacb chhohhmomb qero-TO HeBipojaTHO Kypte3Haro h y po a jih Báro. Ho
noro* nepeA 4 * HaMH Pycacoe Eoiamcmeo, BBJummfieca jkhrhmb onpoBep-
seaieiíi doaoÓhuxt, cbTOBamfi. Pyccxoe Eotamcmeo Aase He ocboďos-
A6ho ott> apeABapHTejibHofi iieasypu. RasAa* ero CTaTi^a npocMaTpH-
BaeTca ijeHaopoMB, hmídjd^hhii npaBO BHqepBHBaTB ckojibko yroaao. H
hto se? *Ium<M oieypHafib %%. MuxaůAoecnato u KopoAenKu, coseptuenno
3a6maeiub o cyu^eemeoeaniu y nach ne moAbKO npedeapumeAbnou, no u
nocMbdywutcú %teH3ypu. He AORadUBaero jih 3to, hto aamn jiHÓepaJiu
asaJiyDTCJi h poamjrB tojbbo no npHBU4K*t bí^bo poniaTb h saao-
BaTbCA? a ... He ocTaeaBJHBaiiCB Ha npiacBaHia TexaHqecKaro TepMHBa,
Haróojrbe npHMiHHMaro kb otoA buxoabí, cnpocHMi ceóa: HeyaejiH OHa
oópameHa tojilko r% qBTaTeji&iťB „PyccKaro BfccTBHKa"? HeysejiH OHa
ee paBBOCHJBHa yBaaaHiio aa 6e3A*ftcTBie iteadypu, a catAOBaTeJBBo
h HanoMHBaHÍK), KOMy cjrtAyera, o h6o6xoahmocth ÓóiiBniefi ÓAmejib-
bocth h cTporocrfl? A pa3-B hto oto Tas*, to rA* se pyqaTejibCTBo b-b
TOMt, qTO ysaaaaie npo&AerB óeacjrbAHo, HanoMUBaHie ycaumaHo He
6yj,eTi»V.. EfpeACTaBHM-B ce6t, qTO bt» sypHajrfe hjih raserfc, hsbíct-
hijxb CBoeK) 6jiaroBaM^peflBocTkK), no^iBBJíacB ctbtbh BoniromBxi He-
nopaAsau Ha yjiai^axi ropoAa, oBaaqHBaiDiiia&CJi Taxi: „npoxoAa
TaMB-To h Tairb-To, coBepmeHHO aaÓHBaeniB o cymecrBOBaeiH y HacB
ropoACBoft bojuuúh". Kto noB^pHjre 60 aBTopy CTaTBH, ecjorafiu ohi
CTajB yB^pjiTB, qTO wb ero bhah bobco He bxoahjo w noATBHyTB tt
DOJH0.ii), HaBJíeqB Ha Hee Haqa9BCTBeBfly» Haxjioóyqay? He bcho jih,
qTO BaqaJBCTBo, ycepABoe bt> cbohmb oóasaHBocTfiiťB, se Mono 6u He
oópaTHTB BBBuaHifl na CTaTBD, bocbohho ynpeBa»myE) ero b*b cjmÓomi
naAaop* sa noAUBeHHUMHi b*b HeAOCTBToqBo BHepraqHOMB noiBSOBa-
bíb cBoeiD aaacTBE)? D,eH3ypa — oto csoero poAa noiiHitfa, cb cnen,iaJb-
hijmb spyroMB xMcTBifi; OHa oTB&TCTBesfla sa „nopiíAJKB" bt> neqaTB,
šasi noíHiUfl— 8a nopa^OBB Ha yjnjo.axB. He SHaeMt, yBejinqHJiucB jih
Ha caMOMB a*Jí*i nocjii MaftcKoft ctbtbh „Pyccaaro BtcTHHKa", n,eH-
sypBUB cTporocTB no oTBomeBÍK) b*b „PyccBoiiy BoraTCTBy a — bo ecjin
se yBejraqBjBCB, to b*b stomb BHHOBarB, ohobhaho, He neTeptiyprcBift
KOHcepBaTHBHtift xypHajB, CA^aBmifi Bce otb tfero saBacamee, qToóu
noMtniaTB cBoewy coópaTy w cTapaTeiBBo npBron&TB CTaTBD kb cTaTBt
h AocTBraTB TaKHMB nyTeMB ascaMÓiB coBepmeBHo onpeA^JieHHaro
CB0ÍCTBa a ...
^acTo npnxoAHTCB cJumaTB, bb nocjiiABee BpeMa, ctTOBaHia Ha
Digitized by VjOOQlC
470 BftCTHHKB EBPOHLI.
HeAocTaTOKt cbíshxi jiHTepaTypHHxt chitb, H^ymMxt Ha ciftHy ot-
atHBaromHM-B HJIH OTSUBniHlťB. EUTB MO»ert, 3TH C*TOBaHÍJl H&CROJIBBO
apeyBejiHqeHHH, ho coBepmeHHo jHffleHHHMH ocHOBaBia hxt>, ki coata-.
jíhíid, BaaBaTB HejotBBJí. T*m-b óojite qyscTBHTejiBHa BcaKaa y6ujb b%
cpeA^ MOJioAHxt nncaTejieft, bx KopoTKoe BpeMH ycniBnraxi bhabh-
HyTBCH uvb tomu u saHATB onpeafoeHHoe MtcTo h% eayKt, óejuie-
TpHCTMKÍ HJIH BOHHCTByDH^efl Oe^ETH. Kt qHCJIJ TaRHXl DHCaT6JieK
npHHaAiieaaji^ HHRojaft BacHJiBeBHm Boaobobob-b, CROHqaBmiftca 25 Man,
^Ba^aaTH-naTH jiítb ott> poAy. Cuhi ojHoro Hra ayqniHXfc HaniHXT*
nejaroiWB, obt> a&bho y«e nopaaajrB Bcfexi ero SHaBniHXi paHo
npioÓpiTeHHOD rpOMaAHOK) HaqHTaHHOCTBK), SptjlOCTBD míjcjih, ÓJiecTa-
mnafB AiajieKTHHecEHMi TajiaHTOMi*, ropa^HM^ CTpeMjieHieM-B rt» Tpyjiy
Ha oómyio nojiBsy. Ero noiiHTHRo-aROHOMHiecRia cTaTBH, noMimaBmiaca
npeHMymecTBeHHO bt> „Pyccnoň Mucah", CA'bjiajiH ero hmji hsb^cthumi
h Bt óojiie mHpoRHxii c^epaxi; ero AORjiaAB o MaaBTycfc (Bomejunift,
OTiacTH, Bt cocTaBi 6iorpa(J)ÍH MajBTyca, nauHcaHHofa hm-b jjjm HSAamH
r. DaBJíeBKOBa) npoH3Bejn> ĎojiMnoe Bne^raurtHie bi mockobcrobtb Dpn-
JW^ecROMi oĎmecTBi. HecMOTpa Ha cjna6oe s^opoBBe, pa6oTa KHnijia
bt* ero pyKaxT>, ojihht* naam* cjdiaoBajn* 3a apyrHirB — h tojbko CMepTB
odanoBH^a ero AiaTejiBHocTb. HyatHo npoiecTB cTaTB» f> nocBameHHy©
ero naMaTH oahhitb hb* ero CBepcTHHROB*, r. ByaraROBHMi („PyccRÚr
BtAOMOcTa", JVé 149), itoóbi hohjitb, vbwb oht* 6hjtb jm aroaeft eMy
fijiHSRHXi*... Mu nacTO AyMajiH o neifB — KOHeqeo, ee HeiťB oahom-b, —
Kor^a HaM*B npHXojHJiocB OTCTaneaTB coBpeMeHHyro MOJiojeaB nporowB
oryjiBHUx-B, HecopaBeAJiHBHxi Hanákem*.
IIOTIPABKA.— Bt ÍDHbCRofi KBBrfe aypHaia, na CTp. 491, Vb 17 ofl crpoR*
cBepxy, BM-fecTo: „HaRaTOB*", cxfcAyert ?ht»tb: „RaBaTOBB*; Ba CTp. 608, vb 7-ofi
CTpoRt cBHay, Biffccro: „Henoflaieky", cji-fcjyerb: „BaaiH*.
UswTeji h pexaiTopi: M. Ctac ioa ebhht*.
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c. r. CTPoroHOBi
H8l HOTOPIH HADJHXl y H HBEPCHTITOBT, 30-XT> rOftOBl.
ÚKOHuanie.
Ví l i
06paTHMca TenepB ki HCTopBqecKOMy iuaHy Eox*HCKaro,
HrpaBmeMy T&Kyx) BHAHyio poib bi nepBuxx cy^BÓaxi Hamero
yHEBepcHTercsaro cjiaBHSMa.
Dporpamia caaBHHCKaro nyTemecTBia BoAflHCsaro shbo bh-
ABHraert nepejvB mmii BHeprHiecKyio HaTypy HsÓpaHHHita rp. Qrpo-
roHOBa: ero Bce Hmepecyera, Bce owb saxBaTHBaero b* spyra cbo-
ero Óyjymaro asyiemn. O Heft mosho 6h CRasaro, htó o Ktrraft-
CKoft KapTHHKi, hto Bce y EoflaHCRaro iuaBHoe, Bára Tam — Bce
řepou, nepBue nepcoHasH.
Mu noMHHM-B, to> nepBaa CHcreifa *w mícthiixi cjiaBflHCKHXi
Hsyieiiift npHHax^eauuia KaeflHjary aro BapmaBii, RyxapcKOMy, bi
1830 roAy: xapaBTepx ea noBTopaeTca b y EoxflHCsaro. #m Ky~
xapcKaro, wl o&iacTB ciaBAHCRoft $HJiojorÍH bxoxotb: aiajeKTOJoria,
reorpa^ia, noJHTBHecRaa HCropifi, Hcropifl jrorrepaTypu, ApeBHoera,
H ffiXQ „HCTOpífl HSfllI^HBÍXl HCByCCTKE CJiaBflHCBBXl HapoxoBx .
H Taní, h 3A*cb npe#B Hami ee tojbbo jishkb, jraiepaTypa, ho
h Hcropia, jpeBHOCTH, h Bcncia BcnoMoraTejn>Htia HayBH. #a, no
yft&xeHix) BoA^HCKaro, hobu aiaBaHCKaa Kaeejpa oGHHM&ia camia
pa8H(K>6pa8HHa eropoHii jkhshh cjaBaHcra; bo BcecTopoHHem h
*) Cm. íd», cíp. 165.
Tom IT.— ABryorb, 1896. - 31/i
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472 v B*CTHHKT> EBP0HB1.
rapMOHH^ecROMi BsyqeHin bcíxb lacreB — njh&b cjaBuera. Ho h
dToro Majio: cpexn Maccii npeAMeTOBx Hsyqeeifl, BoAflHCRift He sa-
6uBň&rb ocraHOBHTBCfl Cb ocotfeHHUMB BOHManieMi Ha npaKTHqe-
CKHXB SaHflTiflXT) SHBBIMH CJiaBSHCRHMH ASHRaMH, H 8T0 H8yieHÍe,
na ero BsrMA 1 * — sajiora caMaro ycnixa óy^ymaro npenoAaBaHMi.
Huronrae KacaTLca, sto b-b BucraBJíeHHOMB opHrHHajibHOMB Tpefio-
BaHÍH — AftHb yBJíeqeHiio: roBopHTL ÓesyRopnsHeHHO na Bcfexi cjw-
BJJHCKHXB flBUKaXB DOTTH HeBOSMOXHO, KB BHAJ HXX 6JH30CTH, fta
eme vh AByxi-roAH^Huft cpoRi; ho oho CBHAfrreJiBCTByera o erpo-
roční ero aBTopa kb ce($4, kt> HOBOMy A^y, o6b aHepraiecROMT
SeJiaHÍH AOCTHHB HaHĎOJBfflHX-B pesyjiBTaTOBi.
Ho rjnaBHaa cjiaCaa cropoHa nporpauMu, RaRi saifiraeHO bcrojibsb
paHbrae, OTcyTCTBie vtnmpaAhHaxo npeAMeTa, ht6 eCTecTBeHHO bh-
TeRaJo hrb OAHOCTopoHHeft nocTaHOBKH Bonpoca. BpeMeHH a&ho
HeMHoro, a Me»Ay tími Bce HsywrB. Eme CHjbHie ÓpocaexcH b-b
rjiasa HenpaBHJiBHOCTB nocTpoema chótomu, ecin oGpaTHTB BHHMaHie,
hto n.^Lie nojrB-roAa nocBameHti Ilparfe, nepBOMy nyHRTy, rji
nyTHHKB AOJiaeHi ORyHyTBCfl bi cjiaBflHCRyx) cthxíio, h MesAy
npoqHMB ajjí Tóro, ?toÓu tojbro CAiwiaTB npeABapHTejbHua pass^ABH —
M opieHTHpoBaxB ceófl (nyreMB pascnpocoBi) h nocoBÍTOBaTbca, RaRi
nanamb h npoAOJUsaTB AMBHijftmee nyTeraecTBie ci ÓÓJiBmeK) hojb-
soH) tt . Ho, oieBHAHO, Bce sto mao 6ujo cooÓpasHTB paHsme, a
He npH caiioirB otrphtíh A^ftcTBia.
CniniHOCTB patfora, H8jnnnecTB0 OTCiOAa saaaTB 6ojhe nbwb
BTopocTeneHHaro SHanema — Ha RasAoro máry. Hpn tomneft oÓAy-
MaHHOCTH, COCpeAOTOHeHHOCTH 9TH BOHpOCU OTHaJH 6u <»MH COÓOfi —
TaKB ohh piayTB raasa. H HOBHsea A*Jia, h RpaiROciB cpoKa,
npn Mačci raaBHHXB 3aAa<n>, a&J*k>to cobc&tb eeyiAcTHoft
BCTpiqy TaKHXB BonpocoBi, KaKB npocMOTpi 6ynara hsb BeHenja,
MorymHXB hmítb oraonieHie kb Kpmiy, Rasi „samme fb Teujk
npeAMeTaMH, OTHOcam,HMHca ao npe&iBamfl reHyasijeBB b-b TaBpm tt ,
•roro xyae — „KannoHieBiiMn Ta6jHn,aMH fl b-b BaTHRaH$ *), Rasi
ocmotpx nepenocKH r^apa AjeKcfca bi rorf, hjih MHororacjeHHíifi
9KCKypCÍH BX CTOpOHy CB eAHHCTBeHHOK) I^ÍJBH) — 9 CBeAeHÍfl jhh-
Haro 3HaROMCTBa a .
J^ajrfee, cobcímb cxpaHHO, hto 6£iopyccRoe Hapinie aBTopx
coÓHpaeTca H8y?HTB AsasAu — b*b TajHipH h no nyro yse HasaA^
bi MocKBy. HeyMideHB h otboab cjramBoirB ÓOJBraoro BpeMeHH,
narpoMOSA^Hie jj$jioř Maccu pasHopoAHiixx sa^a^B — Ha Bsy^eme
3eMejiB yse Hecyn^ecrByioii^Hxi ciaBflffB nojaÓo-npHÓajrriflcKHXx.
l ) O hhxi cp. eqe ni HcTopin KApwraiHa, t. m, npiw. 258.
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rpAO>* c. r. OTPoroHOBX. 473
3axBaTUBafi noÓojBme — botb acbhsi aBTopa sanncKu. Ilepe^x ero
rjasaiie šasi 6u HOCHJiacB xhaiesbuovrb tojibko-tto ycnoBoromeftcfl
Apxeorpa^HHecRott BscneABiÚH CTpoeBa h BepeAHHBOBa, tojibeo b-b
6ojrhe mepoBOMi Macarratfi. Ho hobui aBcneAHijifl, 9to — okb oabhi,
Boaahcbíě. M4pa co&noxeHa He 6mia; noptiBH, npn HÍKOTopofi
AOjtí caMOxoBoncTBa, oaafiHJie pascysajeme, npoB^psy caMoro cetfa.
Ho AOÓpufl sepea b*b nporpaMMÍ, xora h HHcaHHOft Ha-csopo,
ToqHOCTB h oÓCTOATejiBHOCTB Mapmpyra, ysasame e jumjb ne nep-
Boft BejHHHHti, Moryffl,HXT> 6íjtb cb nojiBsoH) A^a mícthhxt* asyie-
Hift, ropaiee qyBCTBO, cb BOTopuiťB oÓpamaeTca aBTopi kb BasAOMy
bíh, BTiuťB Hsyqemft, a 9to Tasí nojesHO npa BasxoMi hobokb
fl$A% — oÓycaoBHJiH sacjiyseHHoe BHHMaHie b*b Heft, h mu bha&ih,
tto OHa cx^ajiacB cBoero pOAa o$$HitfajiBH]rai HaBasoMi: sa Hee
He moimh He yxBaraTBca, Tasí Bas* OHa BnepBue BHoauia h3b4ct-
HBift nopaxoBx vb HeacHyio em,e oftiacTB Hay^Hiixi BHiepecora am
c^epi o$$miiajiBHUxi.
3anHCBa EoAaHCBaro — npoeBTb A&iOBOft ÓyMara, qepHOBaa; pe-
Aasi^oraua nonpaBBH 6um HeoÓxoAHMii, a offfc sa&tb cetfa He
SaCTaBHJIH.
Mu bhaíufh, sanecBa (fauia TOTiacB ace pasocjiaHa bi nonei&-
TeiflirB Apyriixi yHHBepcHTeTOB^, Basi pyBOBOACTBO na CJiynaft o(fo-
ABJíeHifl BaH^HAaTOBi. KaaaHCKift nonewTeiiB OTBlroajrB ceitaacB se,
tto noeraBJíeHHHfi MHHHcrepcTBOMi BonpocB ho no ero yMCTBeH-
HBiifB cpeACTBaMi; oóa Apyrie npoMeAJiHJiH, ho htoÓh abhtbch cb
caMOCTOflTejBHiiifB MHÍHÍeMT>: HeTepfiyprcBift cb nonpaBBaMH, h no
cym,ecTBy, XapBBOBCBift — cb ^eTajrBHBíMH, ho 06a cb yBasaHÍem
BaflAHAaTOBi.
IIpexcTaBHTéJieMi neiepÓyprcRaro yHHBepCHTeTa 6hjtb ero Hstfpan-
hhb*b — yqHTejiB HeTpi HpeftcB hsi JJepirra, pa6oraBmíft mwb yse
AecflTOBi jňm 9 uoa* B03A4flCTBÍeMT» h no cocfeAcrey HayBH sanaAa,
yifB xojOAHufi, ho KpynHLift h HCKymeHHLift, erporo speTH^ecBift.
GojiHAHiift, yrpiOMO-MOjqajiHBijfl h yate cb npodiAMO (poA. 1808),
om» 6ujtl npflMOK) npoTHBonojojBHOCTBK) yBJíeBaiomeMyca BoAflHCBOMy
h npn nepBOMx SHaKOMCTB* cb Dla^apHKOMx owl npoHSBejii Ha
Hero HeoótiKHOBeHHO cnjiBHoe Bne^aTJiiHie: Dla^apHBi juoÓeat*
noBTopsTb, qTO HpefiCB — aaMi^aTejLHaa roJOBa, tto otb Hero HayBa
Mošen osHAaTB MHoraro 1 ). Bci bth BaqecTBa yuja Hpeftca apito
*) Hst BOGnomHamft ciraa^ r. Boftrbxa Hla^apaia vb Ilparfe, m> 6ec4wa* cl
bamh jítomi. 1889 roxa. Bi oxhomi hsi coBpeiieHHHx-B micein Kb IIoroxHBy, DIa4)a-
pui HaaHBaerb Hpefica btophmi BocTOKOBHMt— Boctokobhm-b Óyxymaro. ^o jiHuaro
SHaiOMCTBa Kb Ilparfe, nia^apiui yse sBaii Hpeftca hsi imceifb si Heny xpyra Kén-
nena. KdnneHi Tenio orsHBaicji o IIpefic&. Ho noBoxy oxHoro ciaparo co9HH6Hia lila-
81*
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474 BftCTHHRft EBPOIHI.
oÓHapysiLiHCb bx nonpaBitaxt, npeAAoaeHHiixi hmx rt> samicirfj
BojpiHCKaro. IIpeACTaBHTejeMT. xapBROBCRaro yHHBepcHTeTa Óiurt
H pyROBOAHTeiB erO H3(?paHHHRa — a^řOHETa HOJHTHRO-aROHOMa, Hsm.
GpesHeBCKaro (po*. 1811) — AeRant h hostl ryjaKB-ApTeMOBCRifi.
He npoHBHOCfl HnrAi hmchh BoAflHCRaro, He tojbro hb easuBaa,
no HBrAÍ ah MajiifiniHMi. HaiieROirc He yRasHBaa Ha CBoe 8HaROM-
ctbo cn> samiCROft ero, nepeiHCJjui itfuyio cepín* cjaBAHCRaxi ny-
TemecTBeHHHKOBx— otb RgnneHa h ao OpoeBa (bi caMoe HexaBHee
BpeMii), tojibro He BoAflHCKaro, IIpeftcB CBOft n^aot nyTemecrBia
na^BHaert hmchho cl aHOHHMHofi rphthrh Tpy^a iiocROBCRaro cia-
BHda — yRasaHieMi ero H&iHmecTBi, cyeTHiixi yBjeieHÍií.
„OrapaBJífliomiflcji bx GnaBaHCRÍa scmjih, — HaiHHaerL cboh) sa-
nncRy IIpeflCB, — oóaa&wb ucKAmumeAhHO hmíjtb bi, BHAy nsy^eme
ASUROBi h jBTepaTypu cjiaBflHCRHxi. ^peBHOCTH, HCTopifl, n&ie-
orpa$ia h t. a-, TaRse nepecMompi apxHBOBi He aojurhu OTBae-
RaTB ero on rjiaBHOfi utkán*. Bu&a* h8t> aroft npaBHJBHO noeraB-
jeHHOň, crporo HayiHoft toirh spima, IIpeficB, ecTecTBeHHo,
yRasuBaen Ha ÓesnojiesHOCTb 9RCRypcifi no rfrcepHOft FepMaHÍH h
HTajiin. Bce bto He bx ÓpoBB, a npsMO bi rjiasi no aApecy Bo-
AflHCRaro.
OnpeA&iHBx HeMHoríe, ho ijeHTpajiBHue HHTepecu ciaBiiHCRHXi
HayqeHift, IIpeficB, saKx BHHMaTejBHuft h yMHuĚ yqeHHRx HaysH
sanaAa 9 vl AaJBHiifiineMX HaaoseHiH <R>jBme hojobhhu CBoefi sa-
hhcrh nocMmaerb Bonpocy, npaBHJbHafl h CBoeBpeMeHHaa nocra-
HOBRa ROToparo npnHOCHTi OAHHaROBO hoctb h aBTopy, CBHA^reJB-
CTByn o rjyÓOROMt noHHMaHin hmi oqepeAHiixx BonpocoBt hoboS
HayRH cpaBHBTejiBHaro asuKosHaflia (ho He b*b cmi£ BeHeraHa),
h Poccíh. Mh pasyirbeirL BUABHHyToe mra Bnepexi, Ha nepBufi
njaHi, oÓasaiejibHoe am caaBHCTa Poccíh Hsyqeme Aumoecxaio
asBiRa— dToro ÓJiaropoAHiftmaro HJieHa Hameft ÓaaropoAHofi, „apift-
CROft" — CeMBH flSUROBt ')• Bl HeMHOrHXX CJOBaXT* CyMMHpOBaTb
4>apHita („Ueber die Abkunft"), 21 okt. 1888 roxa KenneHi ramera ma$apny hbi
IleTepÓypra: „...endlicb fand es (raiira) sich bei einem Hrn Preis, der frťlher Leh-
rer der ruasiscben Sprache in Dorpat war and nun bieber zař Universita! yersetzt
ist. Diess ist ein fleissiger Mann, der mit der Wissenschaft fortschreitet"... KHHra
<5ma HyxHa wa axax. Kpyra h ee mosho Ohio xocrara toj&ko y Ilpetca. lípa dtomi
Bejhzz He BcnoMHHn sairb^aHÍt UierHeBa n Hespoiort Ilpetca (f b* Mat 1846 r.),
mo ero ÓHÓiioTeKa— rpixaoe m> CBoeMi poj* cospoBíme (CoTOHema, II, 209).
1 ) JnÓomiTHO, tto iHTOBCKHirb h3hbomi HHTepecoBajcH v KjoxeibÓetep-L, CTOA
p*8KO BHABHHyBmifi BOHpOCb O HapOXHOMl BieMeSTB. „ JHTBa— IIHffleTB OHI Vb cBoen
XHeBHHK* (bt» iptnocTH, vb 1832 r.) — aro Hisorxa CTpanraoe oxeiu, hotte coBepneno
nepepoxiuacB; bc* ohh dotth cTajra nojuneami hjh, ótiopycuaira; exBa-jra rtneph ■
20 thc. iHTMKOBi Mys. noia roBOjMiTL eme no-jniTOBCBH. („Pyc. OrapHHa*, 1875,
Xffl, cíp. 516).
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rpAfcx c. r. CTPoroHOBi. 475
if HaiepTaTb nyrb jajiBHÍ&maro pasBímfl hoboB HayKH o A3iis£ —
bi onpe^emH HHAHBHAyajuisaiUH asbbobi, bto rpoMso cbh#6-
TaibCTByerL o Ilpeftcfe, Basi ofo yieHOMTb Bucosaro yMa, SHaHia,
KpynHaro Tajnaorra.
TasBMi otipasoirb, nerepGyprcBifi (xepnTCBifi) bphthbi Boaah-
csaro yse ctootb cam bi ypoBHft ci eBponeficBoft Haysoft, kbk-b
hheto bi Poccíh, h, bx rapMOHÍH cb Heft, onpexftuurb 3aja<m ho-
boř cjaBaecKoft BaeexpH. Oh% 6iu& Ha m$ct& TeoperaqecBH dotth
roTOBiorB npo$eccopoifb cjiaBflHOB^xeHifl íJia yHHBepcHTeia.
Hpocro, ho Tanxe B^pHLi 6hjh saM^raama orb npexcTaBHTejifl
xapBsoBcsaro yHHBepcHTera. Oh4 roBopmiH o lacTHOcrax^: o ne-
cootbítctbíh wl pacnpex^ieHÍE BpeMene — to iraoro, to Majro, Torxa
Kast sajaqa nyTemecTBia „ne ecrb sHBomiCHoe otfospime bhaobi
npHpoAti", He 068i coot sairfraaerb Tyjani; o nponycsaxi h se-
jaTejbeocTH noxM^HEi oxHfcxi sa^aTB ApyraMH; ofo HSJHmecTBax-L,
OTiriraeHHuxi yse Hpeftcoirb, jase o HeoÓxoftHMOCTH cocpexoTOHH-
BaTbca, a He pagGpacuBaTbca. Ho Bectna CHMnaTH<iHO npocroe sa-
wřoqeme: „sasoBO 6h hh fa jo Ha?epTame mara, oho caMO co-
6oh) npe HcnoJHeeiH aojisho 6yxerB aoj^BeprHyTBCfl HiKOTopuMt
H3M4HeeiflMi> a . Ho EBK^Hemfl 6uau o^oÓpeHLi yse Ha Micrfe,
XapbBOBCBÍĚ noneiHTejb, npe^araa BOMaHjHpoBBy CpesHeBCsaro,
HcnpamHBajx (18 <|>eBp. 1839) y MHMcrpa corjiacifl „Ha HSMirae-
me njaHa cero nyTemecraij npoTHBi npeAnp&HflTaro mockobckbmt*
yHHBepCHTeTOMX, corjacHO saiffriaHiaMi npo$. ApreMOBCRaro". Mh-
HHCTpi HanpaBHjt btoto Bonpoci vl Apxeorpa$H?ecByK> bomkhccíh)
Ha sasameme, BOTopaa h oxotfpnjia Booóme saiflraaHifl ApreMOB-
csaro. Ona npHSHajia nojesHuirb „bmíhhtb GpesHeBCBOMy bt» hc-
BjioqaTeJiBHyio, HenpeBftHHyK) ofosaHHOCTb ocHOBaTeJbHoe Hsyqeme
r-iaBHiftfflHxi flsuBOBi cjiaBflHCEHXi, He flfciaa eMy nopyiemfi ot-
HOCHTeJBHO HCTOpHBO-$HJIO.30rflqL 1 CBHX'L paSHCBaHÍft, KOTOpíJfl, Tpe-
6ya npoAOJSHTeabHaro BpeMeHH, Moryrb OTBjeib ero orb rjiaBHOft
ufb&B nyTemecTBÍfl a .
Tasí nocreneHHO BbinpaBjajca h s&iaHHO ynpomajica (fesópes-
Hufi npoeBTb Hamero nepBaro o<J>$tiiiiajbHaro nyTemecTBeHHHBa vu>
ciaBflHCBia 8eMje: ohi Bomeji bx rpaHEi^u. Ho eciH hbi pexas-
i^ie neTepfiyprcBOft OHt Bumejit npeoÓpaseHHUMi bi cmbicií npa-
M^HeHia ero bi HacTOflTejbHuirb Hys^aifi h coBpeMeHHUMx sanpo-
caiťb crporoft HayKH sana^a, to h xapbBOBCBaa nepepa6oTKa ero
aoJOSHJia cbok) mícthjk) nenaTb: ohi, no mh^híio xapbKOBCBaro
VBHBepcHTeTa, AO^atem, OTBiqaTL npes^e Bcero TpeCoBaHiflMi dnmo-
tpacftiu.
Mu biuíuu. KaKOK) mHpoROio erpycH) oxBaTHJH OTHorpa$Hqe-
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47 6 BftCTflHKB EBP0IIBI.
CBÍa H3yieHÍfl, u paHO, Hanrb M&aopyccKift K>n>, BiisBaBi *ase
bcjíai> 3a co6oh) h npnMÍH6HÍe MtcTHaro asusa kb H3am,BO& MTe-
paiypi, bx npOHSBeAeHiflxi Tóro se FyjaKa-ApTeiíOBCRaro, Ochobba-
HeHKH, BoAflHCBaro u AP- Cam xapBBOBCBift HairfraeHHufi BaHAH-
WTb Óbmb Tanse tosHopyccsii OTHorpa^i,, homhmo CBoeft craTH-
cthbh u nojHTHqecKOfi 8B0H0MÍH *). Ero jhwbui CHMoariH nuiH bi
corjiacifl ci» mocbobcbhmh 8THorpa<J>H*ecBHMH HHTepecaMH ero yM-
BepcHTeTa, BOTOpufi, npes^e h*mi> pascraTbca cb cbohitb nsCpaH-
hhkomt*, ptanou*, qTO am Hero eme HeAoeraTO?HO MHHHCTepcKOí
nporpaMMLi BoAHflCRaro, ncnpaBJíeHHoft cootipasHO ero mnam, ho
sto HeoóxoAHMO cHaÓAHTB ero cbohmh coBfrraifH, yBasaHÍaMH h —
TarocTHLiMH y&soBÚíMH. TaBi o6pa30Bajacb MHorociOBHaa, cneijiajbHO
xapbKOBCBaa HHCTpyBitffl otl coBiTa CpesHeBCBOMy, cb HanpaBie-
HÍeMT» BOTOpOtt He JHfflHe n03HaBOMHTBCfl TOTaTeJIH) FL EeÓOJbfflHXl
BUAepssaxi. Oea — pa^B pei^nTOB*, cocxaBjeHHuxi cb 3a6orjH-
BOCTbio He bi Mipy paqHTejBHofi HaHBBH. Bi DeTepóyprfe Ilpefici
BJiaciHOH) pysoK) ysastiBaii coBpeifeHHtia TpetfoBaeia eayKH; bi
XapbKOB* CpesHeBCsitt 6uji tojbbo bi naccHBHofi poaa h AOJseffb
6wb BUdymuBaTb HadaBJíeHia x&se no TaBOMy Bonpocy — šasi
HsyqaTb caaBaHCEie HapoAu — wbmKowb uh hítb, saciiiťB — vrb a*-
jaTb Borja?...
QpeAnocjaBi CBoeMy BaflAHA&Ty HacraBjeHia, qio owl ne Ha-
xoahtca wb CHacTJHBOMx nojo&eHÍH HaTypajtBCTa, tto eiiy npeA-
CTOHTB „He CTOJBBO SaHMOlHBlfi, CBOJBBO CaMOA^TeJBHUft H CaMO"
npotisBOAain.ift cnocofo yqema h ycoBepmeHCTBOBaHia", HHcrpyBiúa
peBOMeHAOBaja „oÓpaTHTb BHHMame Ha npasTiraecBoe Hsyqenie na-
pilá", a sarbirB HsyqaTB „oóparo sbshh, AOHanraitt h otfmecTBeH-
Huft, HpaBu, oóuqaH, cTeneHb oópaaoBama, npeAaHBa h noBfepba,
cyeBipia, nrpa, yBecejiema, OAe»Ay> nnmy" h t. a* Ofía Tpetfo-
Bajia BecTH caraá noApofouá AHeBHHB*, yqeHua cboh OBCBypcifl
HpOHSBOAHTb ntblUKOMZ jrfiTOlťB, HTOfiu 3HM0K) Bl BaČHHerfc nOABO*
Abtb HTora h nonoiiHaTB hsi bhhfb HaftnoAeHifl, a npeA 1 * cobí-
tomi OTqHTUBaTbca sasA^e nojii-roAa. Ho OHayse Buxoxiua hsi
rpaHHi^i B03MOSHaro, sorAa TpeÓOBaaa on CpesqieBCBaro Bsyiema
l ) Kx 1838 r. CpeaHeBCKÍft iraxaii 2 lacrn a 3anopoxcKO& OrapHHH u , „yEpaHH-
CKÍfi C6opHHsi tf h coópame cjOBan^Hxi ničem c* ycn» saxoxHxi xpoimpeft. He seas
eme o saHXHxaTypi Hpefica (soToparo ohi nosxe, lasi 6yxTO on-pasy He boud6ka 9
HaasaBi ero irbímera), Bo^hceíS H3t» Uparn iBaiHrt Bu6opi» xapi>KOBCKaro yHHBep-
CHTera wb nnctMi k% IloroxHHy, vro OHt ho onraóca bi BH(5op4, noň^a „no CTonan
Hamero tt („IlepenHCKa", hsx. H. IIonoBiíMi). B. H. rpHropoBHTb, Óorfee nosxHÍft H3-
ÓpaHHHRi xasaHCsaro yHHBepCHTeTa, h hbi A e P nTa , ** (íuthoctk cbod xapbKOBCEmm
CTyxeBTOMi*, 1831—1835 r., sHaBaii CpesHeBcsaro h nacro BcnomiBajri o hciti., san
o dhomi wteHTibMeH-B. Cp. airro6iorp84»iio KocTOMapoBa.
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VPk4fb o. r. OTPoroHOBX. 477
(fiumnecKuxb yciOBÍfi RasAOft noctmaeMOtt CTpaflu, aa»e— pasBH-
TÍfl npOMUIIIJieHHOCTH 1 ).
Bo3Bpam,aeMca b% BoAaHCBOMy.
10 oKTAÓpa coo6m,eHO Óllio o pasptmeHÍH BOMa 
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